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Thermomechanical and viscoelastic properties of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer nanocomposites
Due to the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels, which have been the primary sources of monomers from which the vast majority of synthetic polymers are derived, biodegradable and biocompatible polymeric composites (BBPCs) have received a great deal of attention in recent years. The use of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers is expanding due to their ability to reduce toxic and nondegradable waste materials. Traditional polymers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene are nonbiodegradable, making reuse and recycling difficult. As a result, massive amounts of nonbiodegradable waste are generated all over the world. Biodegradable polymers have been widely used in medical and packaging applications because they are typically made from renewable materials that biodegrade when discarded. Producing biodegradable composites with the addition of environmentally friendly nanofillers is increasingly being regarded as the next-generation materials for improving some of the properties and performance of biodegradable polymers. Despite growing interest in biodegradable and biocompatible polymer research, most studies focus on their preparation methodologies and characterization, with little attention paid to their thermo-mechanical and viscoelastic behavior. Thus, the potential of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer nanocomposites under various thermo-mechanical conditions, as well as their viscoelastic behavior, is reviewed in this chapter. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Detection and Behavioral Analysis of Preschoolers with Dyscalculia
Human behaviours are influenced by various factors that might impact their thought process. The way human beings response in situations have a strong connection with genetic makeup, cultural values and experiences from the past. Behaviour Analysis discusses the effect of human response to external/internal stimuli. This study helps in understanding behaviour changes among individuals suffering from various psychological disorders. Dyscalculia is one similar type of learning disorder [LD] which is commonly found among individuals and goes undetected for years. It is a lifelong condition which causes difficulty for people to perform mathematics-related tasks. Dyscalculia is quite eminent at every age. Since the symptoms are prominent from a young age, it can be detected at the earliest. Dyscalculia has no medical treatment but can be minimized by getting involved in some brain exercises especially created for children with Learning Disabilities. The chapter deals with minor research and the behaviour analysis for the above-mentioned disorder among pre-schoolers. In this chapter, a study of the behavioural patterns of pre-schoolers with dyscalculia is performed. This chapter also attempts to propose a model that can detect and predict the possibility of a child suffering from dyscalculia. It also includes a number of brain training activities that can help them to improve and enhance their confidence in mathematics. 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
A Glimpse into the Future: AI, Digital Humans, and the Metaverse Opportunities and Challenges for Life Sciences in Immersive Ecologies
The Metaverse is poised to have a significant impact in life sciences, especially in the healthcare sector. In the near future, genomic data along with AI and extended reality may be used to enhance digital humans to create digital twins to be used for virtual world interactions, or manipulated to obtain insights for real-world healthcare decision-making. In addition, extended reality may enable more robust population-based research and faster drug discovery, and permit the creation of virtual spaces and immersive environments for patients and physicians alike. In this chapter, we examine aspects of extended reality and AI that will play important roles in various areas of life sciences and discuss the future of life sciences in the Metaverse. 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Beyond Humour: How Memes Shape Brand Associations and Drive Purchase Choices
Memes are the perfect marketing tools a brand can use while promoting their products or services. In this ever-changing consumer preferences memes are the convenient marketing tools that a consumer pays attention, the usage of memes has become a completely modern approach for brands to seek the attention of consumers. The study examines the impact of internet meme that spreads through social media which catches the consumer attention and improves the intention of purchasing products and also learn about the brands. A structured questionnaire and convenience sampling technique are designed to collect data from frequent internet users who are active in social media from Gen-z and have at least a little knowledge on meme marketing, and responses yielded were 353. This paper gives a general study of meme marketing and if the consumer brand relatability and purchase decisions are affected by meme marketing. The findings state that there is a relationship between branding memes and consumer brand relatability and using the memes in social handles affect the consumer behaviour however there is a discomfort among consumers when brands solely use memes for marketing purposes. Also the study found that there is no significance between Gender and meme motivation into buying products. Thus the study contributes to understand the consumer behaviour, purchase intention and likeliness towards the brands. In addition, the authors contribute to the finding the significance of meme in daily life of a consumer and what type of memes would pursue consumers more towards the brand. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Innovative Natural Disaster Precautionary Methods Through Virtual Space
Humancomputer interaction is the study of a human and computer interaction in which we analyze and create an interface between the humans and the computer to decide to which extent it is possible to interact with computers which change the way of the usual lifestyle that can evolve the future generations according to the humans convenience. Virtual reality environments in natural disasters are to train people to overcome or prevent their lives from risky situations. When it comes to natural disasters, people never know when such disasters strike in their daily lives, so it is necessary to be prepared to face such consequences. Though the rescuers are there to save the lives of the people, it is not possible to wait for the rescuers all the time, and the situations may also be even worse than the expected. It becomes highly impossible to take precautionary measures; therefore, after the warning of the disaster, people can prepare themselves to survive such situations without the help of rescuers. Different disasters happen in different landscapes; for example, Tsunami occurs in the sea, floods occur as a temporary disaster that covers the land with water, usually not covered by water, and many other disasters that cause life and damage property. Therefore, with the help of virtual reality simulation, people can be trained according to the scenarios or the natural disaster created by the computer-generated 3D environment where the trainee can interact and perform actions generated based on the scenarios. In the virtual world, provided in the head-mounted display, the user can be trained upon by first instructing what to be done and later, after understanding the situation, the trainee is put into a natural disaster scenario where he performs the precautionary measures that need to be done based on the scenario and prepare accordingly in such situations so that before the arrival of the rescuers, people would be more aware of what measures to be taken and react accordingly in such a way that it reduces the risk of life. The chapter further explains in detail about humancomputer interaction (HCI), virtual reality (VR), advantages and disadvantages of virtual reality, various natural disasters, and the role and impact of VR environment in creating awareness and providing precautionary measures for preventing natural disasters. When it comes to immersive technology and smart cities, it is equally important to make everything smart according to the changing generations and technologies in our day-to-day lives. On the other hand, when dealing with people to make them understand and educate things, we must also enhance teaching and make them feel interested in whatever we impose on them. So, when we give the people a 360-degree view or a three-dimensional view of the scenarios, it helps them experience like they are actually into the scenario to understand and make immediate decisions. The advantage of using such immersive technology is that when errors or misjudgments are made to learn from the mistakes and correct it, it helps them understand the scenario and take spot and efficient decision at the time of disasters which will have a significant impact on rescuing the lives of the people. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Current status and future trends on the use of innovative technologies for recovering bioactive from insects
Edible insects hold great potential as human food owing to their nutritional, economic and environmental value. Though, the negative perceptions of insects limit their intake by majority of the insects, their efficient processing and utilization in food products have steadily increased their demand in recent years. This chapter deals with the emerging and advanced extraction techniques for recovering functional and bioactive compounds from insects, considering the various factors which might influence the optimum yields. Apart from their production yields, it is of utmost significance to preserve their nutritional and sensory qualities for their effective utilization in functional food products. In this regard, various emerging technologies such as enzymatic hydrolysis, cold atmospheric pressure plasma, ultrasound-assisted extraction, high hydrostatic pressure have been explored. Mechanisms of action along with their benefits and drawbacks have been thoroughly described in the later part of the chapter which will provide insight to the readers for the selection of optimum technology for insect processing. Overall, this chapter provides the readers a comprehensive view about alternatives to conventional techniques for postprocessing of insects and optimization for case-specific technology. 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Vulnerability of urban ecology of Bangalore: An examination of its contention with the politics of land administration
Through a critical examination of questions on the politics of land tenures, the study brings out two interpretations on the conflicts of land and water governance: (1), the concerted efforts and the physical processes of scaling the water terrain in parallel to the political missions of administering the land; and (2), how the scalar rearrangements of land at a local scale intersect with water, revealing the new structuration of land fragmentation and water. It demonstrates that the State has been instrumental in the process of the scalar deterioration of the urban wetlands in Bangalore since 1873. The comprehensive study of these political realignments of land and water, using the data from the Records of Rights obtained from the land revenue records of the Office of the Land Survey Settlement and Records Department under the Government of Karnataka, reveals the vulnerability of urban ecology as a corollary to land administration. Pieter Van den Broeck, Asiya Sadiq, Ide Hiergens, Monica Quintana Molina, Han Verschure and Frank Moulaert 2020. -
Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms (STARA): Human Resource Professionals Perceptions on the Future of Work
Technology is revolutionizing the manner in which human resources are governed in establishments worldwide. As an increasing number of businesses adopt digital instruments to monitor employee performance, optimize procedures, and enhance communication, HRM must persistently innovate to keep pace with these alterations. The utilization of contemporary technology enables HR departments to become more proficient, streamline procedures, and make more astute decisions. Intelligent Technology, Synthetic Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms (STARA) technologies can be groundbreaking in this aspect, empowering establishments and their corresponding HR departments to exponentially flourish with their human resource relative initiatives. The objective of this investigation is to scrutinize the perspectives of HR Professionals on STARA awareness and their vision regarding the prospective influence of its integration on the future of work. Through the utilization of a mixed-data-based exploratory analysis, the researcher examines the facets of STARA awareness, STARA advantages, implementation challenges, and future scopes of STARA relative technologies to expedite HRM and organizational superiority. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Empowering Gender Equality in Business Sustainability: A STARA (Smart Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms)-Centric Exploration of Socio-Technological Innovation for Modern Business Environments
Technological paradigms worldwide are evolving at a breakneck pace. Workplaces are evolving, organizations are shifting, and businesses are seeking to sustain themselves based on technological development. In recent times, STARA (Smart Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms) has emerged as an all-inclusive technological framework that seems a promising benefactor for businesses to thrive through technological adoption. But business sustenance is not all about driving profits. As much as they need to be digitally ready, they are still very much human, with their existence depending on their underlying workforces. Numerous socio-cultural aspects, gender inequality being one of them, plague business sustainability. The following paper seeks to explore corporate socio-technological landscapes. It seeks to substantiate ways gender inequality can be tackled via conscious STARA adoption while holistically ushering the way for business sustainability and success. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Humanizing the Workplace Through STARA: Examining the Roles of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Organizational Support
This manuscript examines the transformative role of Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, And Algorithms (STARA) in influencing the trajectory of the future of work, emphasizing the imperative of humanizing the workplace to ensure the longevity of business sustainability. Centred on primary data, a comprehensive literature review scrutinizes modular integrations and explanations, focusing on key variables such as Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Organizational Support. The research employs a conceptual framework to delineate the interplay between STARA, Perceived Usefulness, and Perceived Organizational Support. Methodologically, the research design and data collection methods are detailed, emphasizing the modular integration of measurement instruments. The results are presented, amalgamating crucial findings on the influence of STARA on repercussions for the future of work, emphasizing the incorporation of STARA to foster a more human-centric work environment for business sustainability. Practical suggestions are outlined for companies, accentuating integration opportunities. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of STARA in shaping the future of work, setting the stage for forthcoming research efforts in this dynamic domain. STARA, Future of Work, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Organizational Support, Workplace Innovation, Business Sustainability. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Arts education, academic achievement and cognitive ability
Although art is often considered to be a means for maximizing human potential, the causes and consequences of artistic experiences are poorly understood. The present chapter reviews the relevant literature concerning the consequences of participating in the arts. It is clear that training in the arts improves performance on arts-specific tasks. For example, children who take music lessons perform better than their untrained peers on musical tasks such as perceiving musical key and harmony (Corrigall and Trainor, 2009). But training in the arts may also be associated with performance in non-arts domains. This chapter examines the possibility of four such associations, namely whether arts education is associated with academic achievement, general cognitive ability, language processing and visuospatial skills. In each case, the literature is evaluated in terms of the consistency of the findings and the evidence for claims of causation. Training in the arts and academic achievement Training in the arts is associated positively with academic achievement. For example, in a sample of Canadian high-school students, participation in musical activities in the eleventh grade predicted academic achievement in the twelfth grade (Gouzouasis, Guhn and Kishor, 2007). Other results point to similar associations between academic achievement and involvement in any type of arts-related activity. In one study that included more than 25,000 American high-school students, arts participation and school grades were recorded during the eighth, tenth and twelfth grades (Catterall, Chapleau and Iwanaga, 1999). At each point in time, students who were involved in the arts had better grades than other students. A similar positive association emerged in a meta-analysis of five correlational studies (Winner and Cooper, 2000). In a larger meta-analysis of 10 years of data from the American College Board (198898), Vaughn and Winner (2000) concluded that compared to students without arts training, students reporting any form of arts involvement (dance, drama, music and visual arts) obtained higher scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). This advantage for the arts group was evident for the verbal score, the mathematics score and the composite score. Students with drama lessons showed the strongest association, followed (in descending order) by students studying music, painting and dance. Even enrollment in theoretical classes (e.g., music or art history courses) was predictive of better SAT scores. Cambridge University Press 2014. -
Prediction of Users Behavior on the Social Media Using XGBRegressor
The previous decennium has seen the growth and advance with respect to social media and such that has violently also immensely expanded to infiltrate each side of user lives. In addition, mobile network empowers clients to admittance to MSNs at whenever, anyplace, for any character, including job and gathering. Accordingly, the association practices among clients and MSNs are getting completer and more confounded. The goal of this paper is to examine the number of followers, likes, and post for Instagram users. The dataset yielded several fundamental features, which were used to create the model with multimedia social networks (MSNs). Then, natural language processing (NLP) features should be added and finally incorporate features derived in distinction to a machine learning technique like XGBRegressor with TF-IDF technique. We use two performance indicators to compare the different models: root mean square error (RMSE) and the R2 value. We achieved average accuracy using XGBRegressor which is 82%. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
XGBoost Design byMulti-verse Optimiser: An Application forNetwork Intrusion Detection
This article presents the results of an experimental study, which aims to assess the efficiency of the performance of a novel multi-verse optimiser algorithm for the optimisation of parameters of a network intrusion detection system event classifier. The article gives an overview of computer network intrusion detection, outlines common issues faced by software solutions tackling this problem, and proposes using a machine learning algorithm to help solve some of these common issues. An XGBoost classification model with a multi-verse optimisation algorithm for adaptive search and optimisation is used to solve the network intrusion detection system event classifier hyper-parameter optimisation problem. Results of this experimental study are presented and discussed, the improvements compared to previous solutions is shown, and a possible direction of future work in this domain is given in the conclusion. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Analysis of impact investment for sustainable development in India
Impact investment is a form of investing the purpose of which is to generate not just financial returns, but positive social or environmental impacts also. The objective of this research is to observe the trends that are being followed in the Indian impact investing landscape and draw the comparisons and/or similarities with the data published by the Global Impact Investing Network (GIIN), a nonprofit organisation committed to expanding the scope of impact investing globally. For the objective of gauging the Indian impact investment movement, primary data was collected through a survey of 238 Indian impact investors, and the data collected was analysed descriptively and compared with secondary data available on the GIIN's website. The insights that are provided by this study shall aid investors as they are encouraged to review the implications for their own strategies and patterns of investing and investigate these actionable measures so as to facilitate a sustained responsible industry growth, improve market transparency, and reinforce the patterns of investment decision-making. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
From commitments to actions: Towards impactful, decisive, and resolute impact investment
The many threats of climate change make it important for us as a society to prioritize sustainability and build a greener economy. While there may be initial costs associated with implementing environmentally friendly practices, the long-term benefits are immeasurable. Impact investments have the potential to generate significant profits and also allow investors to support innovative solutions aimed at addressing many ecological challenges. This study analyses the policies that are necessary for facilitating transformative investments while striving towards low GHG emissions, climate-resilient development, and conserving biodiversity along with essential ecosystem services. The authors delve into the efforts made by the Asian Development Bank towards climate change financing and its impact investments, exploring their strategies until March 2023 with an understanding of how these efforts have impacted the environment and also various economic sectors across Asia, and analyse ADB's investment approaches to gain insights on how they are achieving SDGs through their climate finance initiatives. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
The Men and the Media
This chapter examines the significant transformations of the representations of lead male characters in Bollywood cinema post-2000 from the perspective of contemporary gender and cultural theories. The objective of the study is to gain an insight into the relationship between capitalism and masculinities; sports and masculinities; patriarchy and masculinities; the reversal of the male gaze into the female gaze, and how all these have contributed ultimately to the emergence of a new order of masculinity at the turn of the new millennium. Towards the end, the reader is invited to understand the entanglement of capitalism, sports and patriarchy in forming a kind of homosocial male bonding and how media has played a significant role in constructing it through a study of selected films. Masculinities and their consumerist connotations, which vary according to post-liberal economic and cultural contexts, have also been investigated in this study. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Francis Philip Barclay and Kaifia Ancer Laskar; individual chapters, the contributors. -
The mediating role of self-efficacy and networks in entrepreneurial intentions: Entrepreneurial education, university support, and user innovation in rural India
This research examines the complex relationships between entrepreneurial education, university support, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, network connections, and entrepreneurial intentions in Indian university students. The study uses a quantitative approach and structural equation modeling on a sample of 422 students enrolled in entrepreneurship-related programs to elucidate the mediating roles of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and network connections. Despite the insignificant direct links betweenentrepreneurialeducation/university support and intentions,entrepreneurial self-efficacy and network connections emerge as important mediators. The findings provide theoretical insights into the multifaceted nature ofentrepreneurial intentions and have practical implications for improving entrepreneurship support programs. By understanding these mechanisms, stakeholders can create an environment that fosters entrepreneurial aspirations among university students. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Machine Learning and IoT in Smart Agriculture
Smart agriculture is becoming more necessary as food demands quickly rise in response to a growing global population. Additionally, agriculture serves as the primary source of income for almost 60% of India's people. Yet most of our farming practices are still archaic and out-of-date. The fast-expanding population may not be able to be fed using these methods. Smart agriculture uses cutting-edge technology, including Internet of Things (IoT), global positioning systems (GPS), machine learning, robots, and the use of linked gadgets. Smart agriculture could support an artificial intelligence (AI)-integrated agricultural system that gathers data about the agricultural area and then analyses it to help the farmer make the best decisions for producing high-quality crops. The field of AI, with its superior learning capability, is a critical method for tackling several difficulties related to agriculture. AI provides appealing computing and analytical techniques for the better integration of various information-gathering forms from various sources. This paper elaborates the innovative ways AI can be used in the field of Indian agriculture. The study also goes into detail on the impact of smart farming on agricultural research. The analysis demonstrates the range and impact of cutting-edge technology in Indian agriculture, including sensors for rainfall rate prediction, GPS, moisture and temperature sensors, and aerial satellite photos. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Sirisha Potluri, Suneeta Satpathy, Santi Swarup Basa, and Antonio Zuorro; individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. -
Homestays as agents for responsible tourism: A comprehensive case study
The significance of implementing sustainable tourism practices has grown in light of the challenges of climate change and the diminishing availability of resources. Responsible tourism practices prioritize proactive engagement over mere adherence to sustainable practices. Therefore, the importance of responsibility cannot be overstated with the recovery and conservation efforts within the tourism sector. Responsibility should extend to the guests and encompass the environment, staff, and residents. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the potential for homestays to implement responsible tourist practices and maintain resilience. To accomplish the study's objective, an interview was conducted with a homestay owner in Shimla and Ratnari. Based on the author's understanding and the available literature on responsible tourism, there appears to be a dearth of studies about applying responsible tourism principles within the context of homestays. Therefore, the present study is of significant importance. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Reinventing the business model to navigate the evolving business landscape
In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, technological advancements, shifting consumer behaviours, and global economic fluctuations increasingly challenge traditional business models. Organisations must reinvent their business models to remain competitive, embracing innovation, agility, and sustainability. This chapter explores the critical components of reinventing business models, including leveraging digital transformation, adopting customer-centric approaches, and integrating sustainable practices through a comprehensive view of their development. This study thoroughly understands the existing literature on business models, focusing on the features. Integrating sustainability into a business model is also a challenge for many practitioners. The business model innovation agenda is the topic of discussion among most companies. This chapter will explore adopting a business model towards sustainability by integrating environmental, social, and governance factors. The findings underscore the necessity for continuous adaptation and strategic foresight to drive long-term success. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.