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Experimental investigation of Glass Laminate Aluminium Reinforced Epoxy characteristics influences through low velocity impact test
The fibre being one of the recently implemented advanced materials in distinctive applications is being reinforced with metals to constitute a unique composite laminate. This reinforcement will enhance the sustenance property of the laminate used in automotive sectors. In most automotive sectors, drop weight analysis at varying velocity ranges is performed to evaluate the damage characteristics of the vehicle body. Hence, the present work leads us through the study on influence of low-velocity impact at varying heights over the Glass Laminate Aluminium-Reinforced Epoxy (GLARE) laminate characteristics. Here, the laminate of constant thickness was subjected to drop weight impact. Three distinct thicknesses of (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mm) Al-2024 T3 aluminium alloy were used. The results indicate that laminate can sustain up to critical load in terms of impact velocity as 3.13 m/s, and beyond which, it leads to delamination damage at 3.49 m/s. The above results indicate that the maximum absorbed energy by the laminate before catastrophic failure (crack) was noticed to be 14.43 J in the case of sample B. Further, it is noticed that GLARE laminate with 0.3 mm face sheet thickness has best results with reference to both absorbed energy and damage when compared with other thicknesses. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Experimental Investigation of Salt Hydrate Phase-Change Material (Shape-Stabilized) Applied to a Solar Collector
A complex element of water heater by solar power involves the requirements of storage tank, which not only occupies considerable space but also adds com-plexity to the plumbing and installation procedures; this research marks the initial endeavor to practically utilize shape-stabilized (SS) phase-change material (PCM) within a tank-less, evacuated tube with direct absorption (ET-Direct Absorption) solar collector. The primary objective was to tackle challenge of storage of the solar power. A PCM (salt hydrate) was proposed, with different component concentrations explored to determine the most effective mixture. Once the optimal compound was identified, it underwent rigorous testing over numerous cycles to ensure its sustainable its storing capabilities. Additionally, the planetary system was charged in dormancy mode (without flow of water) and subsequently discharged at the rate of flows of 15, 25, and 35 liters per hour (LPH). Results indicated a note-worthy improvement in efficiency of the heat system in the stasis mode, which increases from 62 to 80% with the utilization of this heat storing cum collecting unit. Moreover, it was observed that transitioning from a rate of flow of 1525 LPH had minimal impact on the collec-tors heat gain, but using a rate of flow of 35 LPH sig-nificantly reduced efficiency of discharge. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Experimental investigation of turbulent flow behavior in an air to air double pipe heat exchanger using novel para winglet tape
Double pipe Heat exchangers are some of the important equipment which is seen in a variety of industrial applications. In the current study a new type of insert, namely Para-Winglet Tape inserts are investigated for thermal and flow behavior from Reynolds number 6000 to 30000. The Para-Winglet Tape inserts are investigated for three sets of pitches and para-inclinations. The inclusion of para-winglet tape on the tube has intensified the turbulent kinetic energy and has resulted in recirculation in-between the inserts. The arrangement of the para-winglet tape has proved their worthiness over the plain tube. The highest Nusselt number was obtained for Case9 at Reynolds number 30000 with an enhancement of 407% and the least was obtained by Case7 at Reynolds number 6000 with an enhancement of 88% compared to plain double pipe heat exchanger. The highest friction factor was obtained for Case3 at Reynolds number 30000 with an enhancement of 846% and the least was obtained by Case7 at Reynolds number 24000 with an enhancement of 286% compared to plain double pipe heat exchanger. The maximum and minium performance optimization index value of 2.69 and 1.09 was achieved for Case9 and Case1 at Reynolds number 30000 and 6000. 2020 The Author(s). -
Experimental Investigation of Uniaxial Compressive Behavior of Composite Columns without and with Full and Partial CFRP Wraps
Concrete columns are the backbone of any major structure, and their strengthening, repair, and retrofit have always drawn special research attention. One of the techniques for strengthening and improving the ductility of concrete columns has been the application of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials. A total of 43 columns of different configurations were experimentally investigated to evaluate the uniaxial compressive behavior of composite columns. Experimental and international code-recommended load-carrying capacities, stress-strain relations, axial stiffness, ductility factor, and failure modes were examined in the study. When fully wrapped, the strength of both plain cement concrete and reinforced cement concrete columns improved by 21% each with reference to the unwrapped columns. In addition to providing the advantages of external confinement to the columns, full wrapping contributed to a strength increment of 21%, which compared well with the steel reinforcement contribution to a strength increment of 28% to 39%. The partial wrapping technique was found to be an economical alternative to the full wrapping technique, with strength enhancements of 6% to 12% in the case of both plain cement concrete and reinforced cement concrete partially wrapped columns. Two regression models for the load-carrying capacity for columns with and without wraps were developed with four key performance parameters: percentage steel reinforcement, percentage concrete, percentage carbon fiber-reinforced polymer wrap, and the weight of the specimen. The formulated models were validated and found to be robust and consistent with the results. 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers. -
Experimental Investigation on Density and Volume Fraction of Void, and Mechanical Characteristics of Areca Nut Leaf Sheath Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite is a rapidly growing topic of research due to the simplicity of obtaining composites that is biodegradable and environmentally friendly. The resulting composites have mechanical properties comparable to synthetic fiber-reinforced composites. In this regard, the present work is formulated with the objectives related to the development, characterization, and optimization of the wt% of reinforcements and the process parameters. The novelty of this work is related to the identification and standardization of the appropriate wt% of reinforcements and parameters for the processing of the areca nut leaf sheath fiber-based polymer composites for enhanced performance attributes. With this basic purview and scope, the composites are synthesized using the hand layup process, and the composite samples of various fiber compositions (20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) are fabricated. The mechanical characteristics of biodegradable polymer composites reinforced with areca nut leaf sheath fibers are investigated in the present work, with a focus on the effect of fiber composition (tensile properties, flexural strength, and impact strength). The properties of composites are enhanced by combining the areca nut leaf sheath fiber and epoxy resin, with a fiber content of 50% being the optimal wt%. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations also ascertain this by depicting the good interfacial adhesion between the areca nut leaf sheath fiber and the epoxy resin. The tensile strength of the composite specimen reinforced with 50% areca nut fiber increases to 44.6 MPa, while the young's modulus increases to 1900 MPa, flexural strength increases to 64.8 MPa, the flexural modulus increases to 37.9 GPa, and impact strength increases to 34.1 k J/m2. As a result, the combination of areca nut leaf sheath fiber reinforced epoxy resin shows considerable potential as a renewable and biodegradable polymer composite. Furthermore, areca nut leaf sheath fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composites are likely to replace petroleum-based polymers in the future. The ecosustainability and biodegradability of the composite specimen alongside the improved mechanical characteristics serve as the major highlight of the present work, and can help the polymer composite industry to further augment the synthetic matrix and fiber-based composites with the natural fiber-reinforced composites. 2022 B. A. Praveena et al. -
Experimental Investigations on Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of HVOF-Sprayed WC-10% Ni Coatings Deposited on Aluminum Alloy
The current work investigates the erosion-corrosion behaviour of thermally sprayed tungsten carbide-10% nickel (WC-10% Ni) coatings placed on the AA6061 aluminum alloy. The AA6061 aluminum alloy was coated with tungsten carbide -10% nickel coatings utilising a high-velocityoxy-fuel (HVOF) spray method. The microstructure and hardness of thermally sprayed coatings were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a Vickers hardness tester. The slurry erosion-corrosion wear tests were carried out by varying the parameters of the slurry erosion process, such as testing time, slurry content, slurry speed, and impinging particle size, on the erosion testing equipment. The data demonstrated that when slurry concentration, slurry speed, and impinging particle size increased, so did the slurry erosion-corrosion wear loss. The wear processes of uncoated and thermally sprayed tungsten carbide -10% nickel have been examined using SEM and a 3-D confocal microscope. Copyright 2023 G. S. Pradeep Kumar et al. -
Experimental Investigations on Static, Dynamic, and Morphological Characteristics of Bamboo Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Composites
The use of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites has increased over a period of time, majorly due to the ecosustainability and biodegradability of the composites. Among several grades of natural fibers, bamboo fibers offer numerous environmental and cost benefits and possess excellent mechanical characteristics. The superior properties of the bamboo fibers have triggered the research interests in the domain of bamboo fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Among the polymers, polyesters are long chain molecules made up of atoms arranged in various ways with other elements to form the basic building blocks of a polymeric chain. Polyester is being increasingly employed in today's industrial products due to its inherent advantages. As a result, based on the potential properties of bamboo fibers as reinforcing materials and polyester resin as matrix material, the biocomposites are synthesized by hand lay-up technique and the specimens cut as per the standard dimensions and subjected to mechanical investigations, vibration, and morphological characterization as per the ASTM test methods. The increase in fiber weight content has enhanced flexural, tensile, and impact characteristics and improved the damping characteristics of the composite specimens. The microstructural evaluations have revealed the uniform distribution of the bamboo fibers in the resin, and the morphological studies of the fractured specimens have revealed that the fracture is majorly due to the matrix cracks rather than the fiber debonding, which is a major attribute ascertaining the strong coherent strengthening mechanism brought about by the inclusion of bamboo fiber in the polyester resin. 2022 N. Santhosh et al. -
Experimental Investigations on the Thermal Diffusion Characteristics and Photoluminescence in Multiphase Micro Fluids Containing ZnO Micro Tubes and Fluorescein Dye
Abstract: Scattering of light by disordered structures is normally detrimental to their applicability in many optoelectronic devices. However, some micro and nanostructures are useful in enhancing several optical and thermal properties like emission, heat diffusion etc. For this purpose, we have optimized the low temperature hydrothermal growth method for the ZnO micro tubes which leads to the growth of ZnO as mono dispersed micro tubes. Further, these samples were used to enhance the fluorescence efficiency of disordered media consisting of micro tubes of ZnO and fluorescein dye and to optimize the thermal diffusion of the mixture which will help us optimize the composition of these microscopic inclusions in designing a random lasing medium. Dual beam thermal lens method was used for this purpose. 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. -
Experimental Verification of Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement of Fractal Contoured Metamaterial Inspired Antenna
The performance of any antenna cannot be completely assessed purely on the basis of simulation results. All simulations are made by assuming an ideal environment where the fabrication tolerances and practical losses are not accounted for. Therefore, evidencing the performance experimentally becomes a crucial step. In this work, the experimental validation of a fractal contoured square microstrip antenna with four ring metamaterial structure, hereon referred to as optimized metamaterial inspired square fractal antenna has been presented. It is an extension to previously designed antenna and aims to experimentally verify the enhanced gain and bandwidth of this antenna. The design and simulation of the proposed antenna was accomplished by using Ansys HFSS v18.2. The end-to-end antenna spread area is 23 mm x 23 mm on a 46 mm x 28 mm x 1.6 mm FR4 substrate with ?r of 4.4. The simulated design was fabricated using Nvis 72 Prototyping Machine and measured in an anechoic chamber facility using vector network analyzer. The antenna resonates with the deepest S11 of-39.5 dB in a broad bandwidth of 2.53 GHz from 2.265 GHz to 4.79 GHz with experimental verification. The proposed antenna provides an enhanced gain of 8.81 dB at the most popularly used frequency of 2.5 GHz. The simulation and experimental results of resonance, gain and radiation pattern are found to agree maximally. The fractional bandwidth offered by this proposed antenna is 72.28%. The experimental validation confirms enhanced gain-bandwidth performance in a wide resonance band. Hence, this antenna is well recommended for wireless, energy harvesting rectenna and sub-6 GHz (2.5 GHz to 4.20 GHz) 5G applications. 2022, Advanced Electromagnetics. All rights reserved. -
Experimenting with ONOS scalability on software defined network
In traditional network, a developer cannot change the configuration of a router with software programs to control the behavior of the network switches due to closed vendor specific configuration scripts. In order to make the routers/switches programmable, a new architecture of network has to be developed and this gave rise to Software defined networks. It is the new architecture for Computer Networks in which, the old traditional architecture is slowly depreciated. It is very difficult to adapt new technology especially to decide upon which controller has to be considered and what may be its scalability to compete the dynamic circumstances of networks. Many researches are working on possible solutions and look upon SDN to overcome the traditional network limitations. There are many SDN controllers existing amongst them, some are OpenDaylight, Floodlight, Onos, Ryu, Beacon etc. From the existing multiple controllers serving the SDN services to the network, Onos is one of the Controller. ONOS can be deployed on Docker container and it is accessed using its IP as a host. In this paper, authors are contributing for the evaluation of the Performance to check the Scalability of ONOS controller by taking many scenarios which are experimented on the simulation tool of Mininet, Onos Controller, Docker and iPerf. ONOS Controller?s simulated environments are observed for its throughput evaluated in dynamic conditions of a network over Mesh topology by gradually increasing the number of hosts until its supported by the system with optimum resource utilization. 2018, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved. -
Experimenting with resilience and scalability of wifi mininet on small to large SDN networks
Today everything is getting digitized where people want to be wireless by all aspects. There is a high demand of WiFi in every sector. Highest influence on network planning of newly developed network infrastructure is of SDN to meet the futuristic needs of upcoming technology. As a result, newly developed networks have become more adaptive to dynamic circumstances along with enhanced flexibility. Being globally connected, it is inevitable to obtain adequate services from data centers through Wi-Fi support on SDN Networks, which is still a dream. Thus, the target of the experiment performed and presented by the authors of this paper is to implement WiFi support on SDN. Further, authors have also demonstrated the scalability and resilience of SDN based WiFi Network on Mininet by testing performance parameters in various dynamic scenarios. This paper will have a high impact on the end users as SDN technology can be implemented as last mile technology using WiFi SDN. BEIESP. -
Experimenting with scalability of Beacon controller in software defined network
In traditional network, a developer cannot develop software programs to control the behavior of the network switches due to closed vendor specific configuration scripts. In order to bring out innovations and to make the switches programmable a new network architecture must be developed. This led to a new concept of Software Defined Networking(SDN). In Software defined networking architecture, the control plane is detached from the data plane of a switch. The controller is implemented using the control plane which takes the heavy lift of all the requests of the network. Few of the controllers used in SDN are Floodlight, Ryu, Beacon, Open Daylight etc. In this paper, authors are evaluating the performance of Beacon controller using scalability parameter on network emulation tool Mininet and IPERF. The experiments are performed on multiple scenarios of topology size range from 50 to 1000 nodes and further analyzing the controller performance. BEIESP. -
Explaining the intention to uptake COVID-19 vaccination using the behavioral and social drivers of vaccination (BeSD) model
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a tool to measure behavioral and social drivers (BeSD) of vaccination uptake intentions of people across all countries. This study tests BeSD model to predict people's intentions to uptake COVID-19 vaccination in rural India. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was developed for the purpose based on the components of the BeSD model, i.e., confidence, motivation, and behavioral intention. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect samples, amounting to a total of 625, from rural Bengaluru, in the Karnataka state of India. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to examine the proposed model. All respondents for the survey were in the age category of 1868 years with a mean age of 35 years. Findings: The results showed that 85% of COVID-19 vaccine uptake intentions can directly or indirectly be attributed to the government's vaccine communication strategy, perceived threats about the vaccine, and their trust in the healthcare sector. The dimensions of the vaccine acceptance scale (motivation factors) act as a mediator between these factors and COVID-19 vaccination uptake (the behavioral factor). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the BeSD framework is an efficient model for predicting the COVID-19 vaccination uptake in India. 2022 The Authors -
Exploration of activation energy and binary chemical reaction effects on nano Casson fluid flow with thermal and exponential space-based heat source
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of binary chemical reaction and activation energy on nano Casson liquid flow past a stretched plate with non-linear radiative heat, and also, the effect of a novel exponential space-dependent heat source (ESHS) aspect along with thermal-dependent heat source (THS) effect in the analysis of heat transfer in nanofluid. Comparative analysis is carried out between the flows with linear radiative heat process and non-linear radiative heat process. Design/methodology/approach: A similarity transformation technique is utilised to access the ODEs from the governed PDEs. The manipulation of subsequent non-linear equations is carried out by a well-known numerical approach called RungeKuttaFehlberg scheme. Obtained solutions are briefly discussed with the help of graphical and tabular illustrations. Findings: The effects of various physical parameters on temperature, nanoparticles volume fraction and velocity fields within the boundary layer are discussed for two different flow situations, namely, flow with linear radiative heat and flow with non-linear radiative heat. It is found that an irregular heat source/sink (ESHS and THS) and non-linear solar radiation play a vital role in the enhancement of the temperature distributions. Originality/value: The problem is relatively original to study the effects of activation energy and binary chemical reaction along with a novel exponential space-based heat source on laminar boundary flow past a stretched plate in the presence of non-linear Rosseland radiative heat. 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Exploration of carbon nano dots in hydro carbon soot and carbon black
Hydrocarbon soot, a prime component of particulate matter pollution, poses a great threat to the environment. In this study, we put forth a novel way of harnessing carbon nanodots from the soot particulates thereby converting an environmentally perilous component to an innocuous entity suitable for many applications such as biomedical tracers, gas detectors etc. Large scale production of pure carbon nanodots (PCN) was achieved via direct catalyst free thermal decomposition of kerosene and diesel. Nanostructure of carbon black and graphite is also investigated for comparative studies. In UV-Vis spectra, absorptions at 233, 232 and 229 nm are attributed to ?-?? transition of the C=C bonding. XRD of the samples shows a highly intense peak at ?24 and a slightly broadened peak around 42 due to (002) and (010) reflections of graphitic planes respectively. In IR spectra, peaks at 3431 and 1047 cm-1 were assigned to O-H and C-O stretching vibrations respectively. The band observed at 1619 cm-1 manifests the skeletal vibrations from graphitic domains and hence indicates the presence of crystalline graphitic carbon. The absorption bands at 2920 and 2850 cm-1 arise because of the existence of aliphatic groups in the soot sample. 2017, International Congress of Chemistry and Environment. All rights reserved. -
Exploration of Chemical Reaction Effects on Entropy Generation in Heat and Mass Transfer of Magneto-Jeffery Liquid
In many chemical engineering processes, a chemical reaction between a foreign mass and the fluid does occur. These processes find relevance in polymer production, oxidation of solid materials, ceramics or glassware manufacturing, tubular reactors, food processing, and synthesis of ceramic materials. Therefore, an exploration of homogeneous first-order chemical reaction effects on heat and mass transfer along with entropy analysis of Jeffrey liquid flow towards a stretched isothermal porous sheet is performed. Fluid is conducting electrically in the company of transverse magnetic field. Variations in heat and mass transfer mechanisms are accounted in the presence of viscous dissipation, heat source/sink and cross-diffusion aspects. The partial differential equations system governing the heat transfer of Jeffery liquid is reformed to the ordinary differential system through relevant transformations. Numerical solutions based on Runge-Kutta shooting method are obtained for the subsequent nonlinear problem. A parametric exploration is conducted to reveal the tendency of the solutions. The present study reveals that the Lorentz force due to magnetism can be used as a key parameter to control the flow fields. Entropy number is larger for higher values of Deborah and Brinkman numbers. It is also established that the concentration species field and its layer thickness of the Jeffery liquid decreases for a stronger chemical reaction aspect. To comprehend the legitimacy of numerical results a comparison with the existing results is made in this exploration and alleged an admirable agreement. 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston 2018. -
Exploration of low heat rejection engine characteristics powered with carbon nanotubes-added waste plastic pyrolysis oil
Compression ignition (CI)-powered alternative energy sources are currently the main focus due to the constantly rising worldwide demand for energy and the growing industrialization of the automotive sector. Due to their difficulty of disposal, non-degradable plastics contribute significantly to solid waste and pollution. The waste plastics were simply dropped into the sea, wasting no energy in the process. Attempts have been made to convert plastic waste into usable energy through recycling. Waste plastic oil (WPO) is produced by pyrolyzing waste plastic to produce a fuel that is comparable to diesel. Initially, a standard CI engine was utilized for testing with diesel and WPO20 (20% WPO+80% diesel). When compared to conventional fuel, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of WPO20 dropped by 3.2%, although smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were reasonably reduced. As a result, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions decreased while HC and CO emissions marginally increased in subsequent studies utilizing WPO20 with the addition of 5% water. When combined with WPO20 emulsion, nanoadditives have the potential to significantly cut HC and CO emissions without impacting performance. The possibility of incorporating nanoparticles into fuel to improve performance and lower NOx emissions should also be explored. In order to reduce heat loss through the coolant, prevent heat transfer into the cylinder liner, and increase combustion efficiency, the thermal barrier coating (TBC) material is also coated inside the combustion chamber surface. In this work, low heat rejection (LHR) engines powered by emulsion WPO20 containing varying percentages of carbon nanotubes (CNT) are explored. The LHR engine was operated with a combination of 10 ppm, 20 ppm, and 30 ppm CNT mixed with WPO20. It was shown that while using 20 ppm of CNT with WPO20, smoke, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide emissions were reduced by 11.9%, 21.8%, and 22.7%, respectively, when compared to diesel operating in normal mode. The LHR engine achieved the greatest BTE of 31.7% as a result of the improved emulsification and vaporization induced by CNT-doped WPO20. According to the study's findings, WPO20 with 20 ppm CNT is the most promising low-polluting fuel for CI engines. 2023 The Institution of Chemical Engineers -
Exploration of non-linear thermal radiation and suspended nanoparticles effects on mixed convection boundary layer flow of nanoliquids on a melting vertical surface
In this paper, the significance of increasing nonlinear thermal radiation on boundary layer flow of some nanofluids is deliberated upon. The effects of magnetic field, melting and viscous dissipation are also considered. The numerical results are obtained for governing flow equations and compared with the previously published results for a special case and found to be in excellent agreement. The effects of various physical parameters such as melting parameter, thermal radiation parameter, temperature ratio parameter and Eckert number on velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed through several plots. The numerical results of physical quantities of engineering interest such as skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are presented and discussed in detail. It is found that the nonlinear thermal radiation effect is favourable for heating processes than linear thermal radiation effect. Additionally, the moving parameter and melting parameter can be used to reduce the friction or drag forces. 2018 by American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved. -
Exploration of the dual fuel combustion mode on a direct injection diesel engine powered with hydrogen as gaseous fuel in port injection and diesel-diethyl ether blend as liquid fuel
The present study explores the possibilities of the use of diesel-diethyl ether (DDEE) blends as pilot fuel, and hydrogen (H2) as inducted gaseous fuel in a diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode (DFM). DEE was added to diesel in ratios of 525% in increasing steps of 5%, to prepare the DDEE5, DDEE10, DDEE15, DDEE20, and DDEE25 blends that were used as pilot fuel. In this current study, for hydrogen gas generation, a hydrogen production kit was fabricated which was powered by solar energy. The hydrogen gas was produced from the electrolysis of water-KOH solution. During the experiment, hydrogen was inducted through the engine intake port employing an electronic gas injector. The quantity of hydrogen injection was set constant of 0.2 lpm for all the test cases. DDEE-hydrogen (DDEE+H2) blends accomplished overall good results compared to diesel. DDEE20+H2 furnished optimal results compared to diesel and other DDEE+H2 blends. Peak cylinder pressure for DDEE20+H2 was 66.91 bar at 5.2oCA aTDC, and the maximum HRR was 32.75 J/deg.CA. Compared to diesel, the BTE of engine for DDEE20+H2 was augmented by about 0.6% and the BSFC was diminished by about 3.7%, at maximum load conditions. A decline in CO and HC emissions of 29.6%, and 35% were observed for DDEE20+H2 at maximum load condition, but the NO and CO2 emanation was observed to be higher by around 29.4%, and 17.4% in comparison to diesel respectively. 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC -
Exploration of the effects of anisotropy and rotation on RayleighBard convection of nanoliquid-saturated porous medium using general boundary conditions
This paper presents an analysis of RayleighBard convection (RBC) of a Newtonian-nanoliquid-saturated anisotropic porous medium in the presence of rotation (RayleighBardTaylor convection). The investigation is performed using non-classical boundary conditions. The effect of various parameters on the onset of convection is presented graphically. The system sees stabilisation due to an increase in the rotation rate and thermal anisotropy parameter whereas the system destabilises due to an increase in the mechanical anisotropy parameter. The results of 82 limiting cases can be extracted from the current work. The results of free-free, rigid-free and rigid-rigid isothermal/adiabatic boundaries are obtained from the present study by considering appropriate limits. The results of the limiting cases of the present study are in excellent agreement with those observed in earlier investigations. 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.