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IoT based car accident detection and notification algorithm for general road accidents
With an increase in population, there is an increase in the number of accidents that happen every minute. These road accidents are unpredictable. There are situations where most of the accidents could not be reported properly to nearby ambulances on time. In most of the cases, there is the unavailability of emergency services which lack in providing the first aid and timely service which can lead to loss of life by some minutes. Hence, there is a need to develop a system that caters to all these problems and can effectively function to overcome the delay time caused by the medical vehicles. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a framework using IoT, which helps in detecting car accidents and notifying them immediately. This can be achieved by integrating smart sensors with a microcontroller within the car that can trigger at the time of an accident. The other modules like GPS and GSM are integrated with the system to obtain the location coordinates of the accidents and sending it to registered numbers and nearby ambulance to notify them about the accident to obtain immediate help at the location. 2019 Insitute of Advanced Engineeering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the currency exchanges of selected countries
The paper aims to analyse the impact of the COVID outbreak on the currency market. The study considers spot rates of seven major currencies (i.e., EUR/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/USD, AUD/USD, USD/CAD, USD/CHF, and CHF/JPY). To capture the impact of the outbreak on returns and the volatility of returns of seven currencies during pandemic, the study has segregated in two window periods (i.e., pre- [1st Jan 2019 to 31st Dec, 2019] and post-outbreak of COVID-19 [1st Jan, 2020 to 22nd Dec, 2020]). The study has applied various methods and models (i.e., econometric-based compounded annual growth rate [CAGR], dummy variable regression, and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity [GARCH]). The result of the study captures the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on three currencies-USD/JPY, AUD/USD, and USD/CHF-and positive significant impact on EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/CAD, and CHF/JPY. Investors can take short position in these while having long position in other currencies. The inferences drawn from the analysis are providing insight to investors and hedgers. Copyright 2022, IGI Global. -
Bromelain enhances digestibility of Spirulina-based fish feed
Microalgae like Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) are protein rich and can be alternative protein sources to fishmeal and soybean meal in fish feed formulation. The present study aims to improve the protein bioavailability of Spirulina by cost-effective protein extraction followed by protease supplementation in fish feed, using in vitro studies. Different extraction procedures such as microwave-assisted, high pressure, and temperature-mediated extraction, boiling and an isoelectric precipitation were employed to study the protein yield from Spirulina powder, and this was compared with the conventional soybean meal and fishmeal conditioning during feed manufacture. Bromelain is a potent protease that has not been widely used as a feed additive with Spirulina. To study the comparative efficiency of bromelain and other proteases like papain and trypsin on Spirulina and conventional feed substrates, a protease assay was performed at different temperatures and enzyme concentrations. The digestibility of these substrates was also studied in vitro, using gut extracts from the fingerlings of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Unlike an in vivo feeding trial, a novel method was used to study the effect of protease supplementation on the inherent digestibility of the gut with an in vitro method. Bromelain showed the highest activity on all the substrates at both the temperatures. Bromelain supplementation improved the in vitro digestibility of the Spirulina that were subjected to protein extraction, more than the un-extracted one. The results of the present in vitro study suggest that Spirulina could serve as an alternative protein source, and bromelain-based supplementation could improve the digestibility of Spirulina-based fish diets. 2021, Springer Nature B.V. -
Robotic dining delight unravelling the key factors driving customer satisfaction in service robot restaurants using PLS-SEM and ML
In the past few years there has been a remarkable surge in demand for robot service restaurants. However, as both the technology and the concept of such restaurants are relatively new, there is a limited understanding of how consumers would react to this new change in the service industry. This study focuses on the key factors influencing customer satisfaction and their intention to repeat the experience by using two staged hybrid PLS-SEM and Machine Learning approaches. The finding confirms that perceived enjoyment, speed, and novelty influence customer satisfaction, whereas perceived usefulness has no influence. Additionally, the study uncovers that customer satisfaction and trust positively mediate the relationship and establish the link with repeat experience. The machine learning models (Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Elastic Net) predict the intention to repeat the experience of the service robot with an overall model fit of around 57%. We also discussed several new and useful theoretical and practical implications for enhancing the customer experience during the visit to the restaurants. 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Women Entrepreneurs: A Study of Psychological Well-being and Empowerment in Indian Social Context
Entrepreneurship is differentiated by decision-making ability, competition, economic gains, autonomy, and socioeconomic settings that provide a foundation for an individual to strive and run a venture in a highly competitive environment. In the present context, this study examines the relationship between empowerment and the psychological well-being of women entrepreneurs. This study attempted to analyze the various aspects of psychological well-being responsible for women's entrepreneurship. Exploratory design and regression analysis were used for the study. The study found that only purpose in life, personal growth and positive societal relations are significant psychological factors that influence women empowerment amongst women entrepreneurs in India. The results confirm a significant relationship between empowerment and the psychological well-being of women entrepreneurs in India. This research is apt in the present time as entrepreneurial ventures are considered to be the most critical factors that would help both urban and rural populations through the creation of jobs, rescue them from unemployment and poverty, and thereby have an impact on the development of skills, self-esteem, and self-sufficiency of women. 2023, Institute of Economic Sciences. All rights reserved. -
Trusted explainable AI based implementation for detection of neurodegenerative disorders (ND)
The potential of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in detection of neurodegenerative disorders (ND) holds great promise in the field of healthcare. These diseases interfere with the daily functioning and independence of a person. The current studies lack in highlighting the aspect of explainability in their predictions and the various algorithms cannot provide any plausible explanations for their predictions making it difficult for medical professionals to place trust in their findings. Thus, the proposed framework aims to bridge this gap by exploring the development of a trustworthy framework for XAI-based ND detection, focusing on key aspects that can significantly impact its effectiveness and acceptance. The framework makes use of Trust-based SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values in classification. By computing trust values, the framework ensures more reliable predictions and increases interpretability, instilling confidence in clinicians and patients. The results show that with the inclusion of the trust-driven framework, the accuracy of the algorithm increased from 93.33% in the normal circumstances to 98.21%, highlighting the efficacy of the framework as compared to the other works. This shows that a trustworthy framework for XAI-driven ND detection can reshape care by enabling early detection, personalized treatment plans and enhancing decision-making process. Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2024. -
Local post-hoc interpretable machine learning model for prediction of dementia in young adults
Dementia is still the prevailing brain disease with late diagnosis. There is a large increase in dementia disease among young adults. The major reason is over indulgence of young adults on social media resulting in denial of disease and delayed clinical diagnosis. Dementia is preventable and curable if diagnosed at an early stage, however, no attempts are being made to mitigate dementia in young adults. Today artificial intelligence (AI) based advanced technology with real-life consultations in clinical or remote setups are proved beneficial and is used to detect dementia. Most AI-based test is dependent on computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools and uses non-invasive imaging technology such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for disease diagnosis. In this paper, a local post-hoc interpretable machine learning (LPIML) model for prediction of dementia in young adults is proposed. The performance parameters are computed and compared based on accuracy, specificity, precision, F1 score and recall. The proposed work yields 98.87% training accuracy on original images and 99.31% training accuracy on morphologically enhanced images. The performance results are intrinsic and intuitive in learning the prediction results of individual case. The adoption of the proposed work will accelerate the diagnosis process in the era of digital healthcare. 2023 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
A comprehensive examination of factors influencing intention to continue usage of health and fitness apps: a two-stage hybrid SEM-ML analysis
This research developed a theoretical framework based on the uses and gratification theory to investigate the intention to continue usage of Health and Fitness Apps (HFAs). In addition, this study explored how health valuation moderates the relationship between determinants and users intention to continue usage. A total of 447 HFA users data was collected from Delhi NCR, India through a purposive sampling technique. Partial least square-structure equation modeling was used to test the role of potential predictors influencing users behavioral intention to continue. The machine learning algorithms were employed to identify the features of importance. The results revealed that system quality, networkability, recordability, and task technology fit have a positive influence on hedonic motivation and utilitarian motivation. While information quality influences hedonic motivation but does not affect utilitarian motivation. Health valuation positively moderates the relationship between information quality, system quality, and networkability to intention to continue usage. We also observed that hedonic motivation emerged as a key predictor of users intention to continue usage of HFAs. The results would possibly offer useful recommendations for HFA developers, marketers, and health policymakers. The quality of fitness apps should be the primary concern of app developers. Furthermore, gamification can be incorporated into HFAs as it may influence the users hedonic motivations. The research contributes by developing a uses and gratification theory tailored for the HFAs. Additionally, this research incorporates hedonic and utilitarian motivation as mediating variables and health valuation as a moderator. 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Prioritizing the Essentials: The MBA Aspirants Dilemma
Objective decision-making while choosing an appropriate college for a Master in Business Administration (MBA) is only half-done. It is critical that the student be able to find the best placement at the end of the course by acquiring the most critical skills/specializations affecting placements and involves data-driven decision-making based on past placement trends. Viti and Vania have done their preliminary selection, of ABC College for their MBA course, based on the colleges credence quality. However, they are trying to understand the key success factors (KSFs) affecting placements at ABC to focus their next two years on getting most placement-ready. Having been provided with the placement details of the outgoing batch, they are looking to analyze the data to discover the most critical parameters affecting placements. NeilsonJournals Publishing 2023. -
Assessing stimulusorganism responses in impulse buying among young consumers on online platforms using a hybrid BWM-ISM approach
With the advent of online buying habits, this study employs three stages (identify, rank, and decode relationships) approach to investigate the enablers of online impulse buying behavior (OIBB) among young consumers. First, literature review in the backdrop of stimulusorganismresponse (SOR) framework was used to identify and experts opinions were used to validate 21 enablers of OIBB. Next, hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approaches, namely the bestworst method (BWM) was used to assign weights and rank; and interpretive structural modeling (ISM) to decide mutual relationship among the top ranked enablers. Results indicate that promotion, product variety, and product quality are the top ranked enablers of OIBB among young consumers. The study develops a hierarchical model to simplify complex relationships among key enablers, clarifying impulse buying through the first-time use of the BWM-ISM approach in OIBB research. This enables marketers and e-commerce sellers to better prioritize critical enablers of OIBB. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2024. -
FL-XGBTC: federated learning inspired with XG-boost tuned classifier for YouTube spam content detection
The problem of spam content in YouTube comments is an ongoing issue, and detecting such content is a critical task to maintain the quality of user experience on the platform. In this study, we propose a Federated Learning Inspired XG-Boost Tuned Classifier, FL-XGBTC, for YouTube spam content detection. The proposed model leverages the advantages of federated learning, which enables the training of a model collaboratively across multiple devices without sharing raw data. The FL-XGBTC model is based on the XGBoost algorithm, which is a powerful and widely used ensemble learning algorithm for classification tasks. The proposed model was trained on a large and diverse dataset of YouTube comments, which includes both spam and non-spam comments. The results demonstrate that the FL-XGBTC model achieved a high level of accuracy in detecting spam content in YouTube comments, outperforming several baseline models. Additionally, the proposed model provides the benefit of preserving user privacy, which is a critical consideration in modern machine-learning applications. Overall, the proposed Federated Learning Inspired XG-Boost Tuned Classifier provides a promising solution for YouTube spam content detection that leverages the benefits of federated learning and ensemble learning algorithms. The major contribution of this work is to demonstrate and propose a framework for showing a distributed federated classifier for the multiscale classification of youtube spam comments using the Ensemble learning method. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden 2024. -
Rhetoric as an instrument for manipulation and distortion of truth an analysis of Orwell's 1984
Aristotle, in his Rhetoric, points out that all individuals indulge in rhetoric to demonstrate the truth or righteousness in what one wants to say. Problems arise only when rhetoric is used to appeal to emotions, rather than reason. In the current times, when rhetoric is used by leaders for propaganda, to whip up emotions in terms of nationalism and racism, George Orwell's remark that "political language is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable,"6 sounds relevant. The author examines Orwell's 1984 to demonstrate how rhetoric is a powerful tool in the hands of political leaders that can control the thoughts of individuals, to the extent of reducing them to non-entities. In an era where manufacture of consent is possible, the paper highlights how the quality of rhetoric has vitiated over time and the concern that the abuse of language prevalent in fascist regimes of Hitler and Stalin is slowly creeping into democracies too. A peaceful and harmonious existence is possible only when political leaders engage in responsible rhetoric and are willing to dialogue with dissenting voices. 2017 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Soil classification using active contour model for efficient texture feature extraction
Precision farming is a systematic approach in agriculture that aims in improving economic and environment status of the farmers. It is achieved by having prior knowledge on soil texture, nutrient, pH and other climatic conditions. Hence this paper proposes a soil classification for crop prediction approach that uses an active contour algorithm for band estimation in Fourier domain for efficient texture feature extraction. This approach initially segments the soil sample and extracts into the color and texture features. The approach proposes a texture feature extraction where the image is initially transformed to Fourier domain of a 2D-discrete Fourier transform. The image in the Fourier domain is classified into high and low-frequency bands. The cut off frequency is decided by final contour of active contour method, where initial circular contour is used for estimating final contours on Fourier coefficients. This leads to the estimation of an irregular-shaped cut off frequency along with the 2D Fourier coefficients, instead of using a circular-shaped cut off frequency. A local binary pattern (LBP) from the high-frequency band image extracts texture feature. The extracted texture and color features are trained using a fully connected network. Active contour-based proposed model was evaluated by metrics F1-score, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and precision on soil datasets of Kaggle and IRSID. The accuracy, F1-score, specificity, precision, and sensitivity of proposed approach active contour-based were estimated as 97.89%, 97.87%, 99.46%, 98.11 and 97.94% respectively when evaluated in the Kaggle dataset. The evaluation results of proposed active contour model based soil classification outperform other traditional approaches. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management. -
An empirical study on the clients perspective in decision making with regard to lawyer selection for trial courts: Does grey hair matter?
In higher courts, statutory interpretation and persuasion of the court with new perspectives on legal principles are critical. Whereas, the main focus of the subordinate courts is on evidential underpinnings. Hence, the lawyers in all courts are an indispensable part of the judicial process and play a seminal role in the dispensation of justice. The existing literature demonstrates that engaging a senior lawyer increases the chances of winning cases. However, young lawyers today make their mark by establishing their own offices, succeeding in the profession, while some remain the dark horses of their incumbent seniors. Against this backdrop, the authors explore the clients perception of the lawyer selection process and the significance of lawyers age using a mixed methods approach. The data for this study was gathered from trial court clients using a convenient sampling method. The qualitative data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with clients. Interviews were analysed at a thematic level and broad themes were identified and used as constructs for a quantitative survey questionnaire. The quantitative data were analysed through Pearson correlation, regression analysis, and factor analysis. The study determined that lawyers efficiency is a key factor considered by trial court clients in selecting their lawyers. The results also revealed that there exists a significant positive correlation between the age of the lawyer and the clients decision making when choosing their lawyers. In the end, the implications of the findings are discussed. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU). -
Orhan pamuks the white castle as a text on secular discourse
The impact of religious thought and practice on literature and culture was very evident till the latter part of the nineteenth century. But with the publication of Darwins Origin of Species, voices of dissent were heard from the scientific and literary world. Writers strongly felt that the objective of literature was not to be dogmatic, but to provide the necessary ingredients that would contribute to a healthy and secular society. The emergence of postmodernism saw religion once again taking center stage. This paper seeks to understand what secularism is, and the evolution in meaning this term has undergone over the ages. In this process, the theories and ideas of religious and political thinkers are examined to understand the essence of the term secularism. In an era when religious fundamentalism is on the rise and literature is censured on religious or cultural grounds, the paper analyzes Orhan Pamuks The White Castle and concludes with the contention that the text can definitely be a source of secular discourse (which indeed is the essence of religious texts) that nations can emulate, contrary to the idea of narrow secular nationalism currently being propagated by States. IUP Publications. All rights reserved. -
Mediating role of teacher confidence between support system and satisfaction
Online education in India has witnessed a shift due to the ongoing pandemic, compelling the Indian education sector to adapt to new advancements. The study's main purpose has been to find the relationship between the support systems of institutions, teachers support and students, leading to instructors' satisfaction. It further analyses the mediating role of educators' confidence in linking support systems and leading to teachers' satisfaction. The sample for our research consisted of 129 teachers from Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). We found that there is a significant relationship between support systems and teacher satisfaction. Among the three support systems, institutions support had a significant influence. On the other hand, teachers' confidence had a partially mediating effect on their satisfaction, even though they could translate to higher effectiveness in online teaching. Further, this study inferred that educational institutions are quick to adapt to online teaching due to the ongoing pandemic. Copyright 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Green synthesis of zirconium phosphate by combustion method: photocatalytic application and microwave-assisted catalytic conversion of aldehyde to nitriles
Water pollution has increased swiftly, especially the dyes from industries that have disturbed aquatic eco-system. Photocatalytic degradation (PCD) is one of the attractive methods to eliminate dyes from industrial effluents. Zirconium phosphate (ZP) nanoparticles were synthesized by combustion method using zirconyl nitrate and phosphorous pentoxide as precursors. The obtained ZP was characterized by powder X-ray diffractogram, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, BrunauerEmmettTeller surface area. PCD was carried out using methylene blue as a model pollutant in aqueous medium in the presence of UV light irradiation with different concentrations of dye, catalyst and pH. Higher degradation efficiency was observed in basic medium. ZP is employed as a catalyst to form nitrides from aldehydes using different solvents with different aldehydes. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. 2021, Indian Academy of Sciences. -
Antenna Array Miniaturization using a Defected Ground Structure
A novel Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is proposed to miniaturize a 2 Modified Corporate Feed Planar Antenna Array (M-CFPA) with a modified corporate feeding network. The DGS altered the surface current distribution and shifted the resonance frequency to the lower side. After running a parametric sweep of length and width of the patch antenna element, achieved the miniaturized antenna array resonating at 2.4 GHz frequency. The proposed antenna array is designed using Rogers/RT Duroid 5,880 (2.2) substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The overall dimensions of the proposed Planar Array with DGS (PA-DGS) is 25.2723 % lesser than M-CFPA. The M-CFPA has a peak gain of 11.53 dB with a-10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 118 MHz. The proposed PA-DGS array exhibits a peak gain of 9.51 dB with 100 MHz-10 dB bandwidth. 2022, Walailak University. All rights reserved. -
Tamarindusindica Mediated Combustion Synthesis of BiOCl: Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes and Synthesis of ?-Enaminones
Environmental pollution due to dyes has been increasing continuously due to the large number of textile industries, which affects living systems. Photocatalytic degradation (PCD) is one of the most efficient methods to expel organic dyes in wastewater. In this respect, synthesizing photocatalytic nanoparticles to degrade organic dyes by a simple and cost-effective method is the real challenge. In this article, a carcinogenic dye, methylene blue, is considered for our study as it releases highly toxic species into the ecosystem and causes severe health problems such as cancer, skin and kidney problems, etc. Bismuth oxychloride has been synthesized by simple, low cost and rapid combustion method using low cost, easily available Tamarindusindica as a fuel at 500 C for ~10 min. The obtained BiOCl has been characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and surface area by BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET). The XRD pattern shows a tetragonal phase and the FT-IR spectrum shows the presence of Bi-Cl at 1109 cm?1. SEM shows a flake-like morphology and HR-TEM displays d-spacing values of 0.13 nm. Photoluminescence studies show a green emission peak at 530 nm. Synthesis of ?-enaminones was also examined using analogues of aniline and dimedone in presence of BiOCl as a photocatalyst. 2021, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. -
Brinkman-Forchheimer flow of SWCNT and MWCNT magneto-nanoliquids in a microchannel with multiple slips and Joule heating aspects
Purpose: The microfluidics has a wide range of applications, such as micro heat exchanger, micropumps, micromixers, cooling systems for microelectronic devices, fuel cells and microturbines. However, the enhancement of thermal energy is one of the challenges in these applications. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to enhance heat transfer in a microchannel flow by utilizing carbon nanotubes (CNTs). MHD Brinkman-Forchheimer flow in a planar microchannel with multiple slips is considered. Aspects of viscous and Joule heating are also deployed. The consequences are presented in two different carbon nanofluids. Design/methodology/approach: The governing equations are modeled with the help of conservation equations of flow and energy under the steady-state situation. The governing equations are non-dimensionalized through dimensionless variables. The dimensionless expressions are treated via Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg-based shooting scheme. Pertinent results of velocity, skin friction coefficient, temperature and Nusselt number for assorted values of physical parameters are comprehensively discussed. Also, a closed-form solution is obtained for momentum equation for a particular case. Numerical results agree perfectly with the analytical results. Findings: It is established that multiple slip effect is favorable for velocity and temperature fields. The velocity field of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanofluid is lower than single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-nanofluid, while thermal field, Nusselt number and drag force are higher in the case of MWCNT-nanofluid than SWCNT-nanofluid. The impact of nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) is constructive for thermal boundary layer growth. Practical implications: This study may provide useful information to improve the thermal management of microelectromechanical systems. Originality/value: The effects of CNTs in microchannel flow by utilizing viscous dissipation and Joule heating are first time investigated. The results for SWCNTs and MWCNTs have been compared. 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.