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Alkali-activated concrete paver blocks made with recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates
This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates in alkali-activated concrete paver blocks. Due to drastic growth in road expansion projects in India, there is tremendous amount of RAP generated by milling and digging of existing bituminous roads. Even though RAP gets recycled in new bituminous roads, there is still large volume of this material that gets downgraded, especially in urban areas. Therefore, there is a need to effectively utilize the unused RAP in paving industry. Alkali-activated paver blocks were synthesized with fly ash (FLA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), NaOH sol., Na2SiO3 sol., RAP and natural aggregates. Natural aggregates were substituted with RAP aggregates at replacement rates of 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % by weight. The developed paver blocks were tested for water absorption, compressive strength, and abrasion resistance according to IS 15658: 2006 standard. The results of the laboratory study showed that inclusion of RAP aggregates in alkali-activated concrete reduce the compressive strength and abrasion resistance of the paver blocks. Though there is reduction in strength, developed paver blocks classified for use in pedestrian and non-motorized facility. The study also found that the use of RAP aggregates in paver blocks incur economic benefits. A maximum reduction of 25.8 % in production cost was observed for RAP inclusive alkali-activated paver blocks. Furthermore, the proposed method provides environmental benefits by reducing consumption of Portland cement and natural aggregates from quarries, and thus makes paving industry more sustainable and environment friendly. 2019 The Authors -
Alkali-activated concrete paver blocks made with recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates /
Case Studies In Construction Materials, Vol.12, pp.2214-5095, ISSN No: 2214-5095. -
ALLEVIATING DATA STORAGE CHALLENGE THROUGH VIRTUALIZATION OF BLOCKCHAIN EMBEDDED WITH INTERNET OF THINGS
Internet of things is evolving day by day with connected devices with continuous advancement in the devices but the security of IoT is not assured due to its trusted third party with centralized servers. Blockchain is a peer-to-peer network, where each peer is responsible for their task without centralized server, and no need to trust anyone in the network. Blockchain is integrated with IoT to improve their security, because of its feature of tamper-proof. Few issues are happening while integrating blockchain to IoT. The main issue that has to be resolved for a blockchain is the storage issue. Whenever the blockchain is evolving the storage of the blockchain is also increasing. IoT peers in the network have to store the entire blockchain to perform the verification of data and the IoT nodes are not having the capability to store the entire data. In this paper, we are discussing the storage issue of blockchain while integrating it into IoT. We proposed a navel approach to resolve the issues of storage by the virtualization technique. The result shows that virtualization reduces the storage capacity for the IoT peers as compared with the previously proposed methods. 2022, Engg Journals Publications. All rights reserved. -
ALLEVIATION OF POVERTY THROUGH PANCHAYAT RAJ INSTITUTIONS: A CRITICAL STUDY OF CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IN KARNATAKA, INDIA; [REDUO DA POBREZA ATRAV DE INSTITUIES PANCHAYAT RAJ: UM ESTUDO CRICO DOS DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS EM KARNATAKA, DIA]
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to: Analyse the role of Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs) in alleviating poverty in Karnataka, India. Identify the challenges faced by PRIs in implementing poverty alleviation programs. Explore potential solutions to overcome these challenges and improve program effectiveness. Provide recommendations for strengthening the role of PRIs in poverty alleviation efforts. Theoretical reference: This paper draws on several theoretical frameworks, including: heories of poverty alleviation, focusing on the role of local governance and community participation. Theories of decentralization and the devolution of power to local governments. Theories of social justice and equity, emphasizing the need to address the root causes of poverty. Theories of sustainable development, highlighting the importance of integrating economic, social, and environmental considerations. Method: This research is primarily a doctrinal study, relying on a variety of primary and secondary sources: Primary Sources: Statutory enactments: Constitution of India, 1950, Central Government Schemes implemented by PRIs, The Karnataka Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj Act, 1993. Policy documents: National Rural Development Policy, Karnataka State Rural Development Policy, Poverty alleviation scheme guidelines. Secondary Sources: Statistical analysis: Government reports and data sets, Research reports and surveys, Research publications: Peer-reviewed articles and books on poverty alleviation, local governance, and development. Case studies: Examples of successful poverty alleviation programs implemented by PRIs. Results: This research identified several key challenges faced by PRIs in implementing poverty alleviation programs in Karnataka: Corruption: Misuse of funds and resources hinders the effectiveness of programs and prevents benefits from reaching the intended beneficiaries. Caste: Deep-rooted social inequalities limit access to resources and opportunities for marginalized communities. Lack of awareness: Many people remain unaware of available schemes and benefits, leading to underutilization of resources. Limited capacity: PRIs often lack the necessary skills and resources to effectively plan, implement, and monitor programs. Lack of coordination: Poor coordination between different levels of government and stakeholders can lead to delays, duplication of efforts, and inefficient resource allocation. Despite these challenges, the research also identified several promising practices and potential solutions: Transparency and accountability: Initiatives like social audits and public hearings can improve transparency and hold PRI officials accountable for program outcomes. Community participation: Engaging communities in program design and decision-making can ensure programs are relevant and address local needs. Capacity building: Training programs can equip PRI officials with the necessary skills and knowledge to manage programs effectively. Technology and innovation: Utilizing technology can enhance program efficiency, data management, and communication with beneficiaries. Partnerships: Collaborations with NGOs, civil society organizations, and private sector can contribute resources, expertise, and innovation. Conclusion: PRIs play a crucial role in alleviating poverty in India. While they face numerous challenges, there are also promising solutions and opportunities for improvement. By investing in capacity building, promoting transparency, fostering community participation, and embracing technology and innovation, PRIs can be empowered to become more effective agents of poverty alleviation in Karnataka and beyond. 2024 ANPAD - Associacao Nacional de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa em Administracao. All rights reserved. -
Alpha Decay Favoured Isotopes of Some Superheavy Nuclei: Spontaneous Fission Versus Alpha Decay
Romanian Journal of Physics, Vol-57 (9-10), pp. 1335-1345. -
Alpha decay favoured isotopes of some superheavy nuclei: Spontaneous fission versus alpha decay
Spontaneous fission and alpha decay are the main decay modes for superheavy nuclei. The superheavy nuclei which have small alpha decay half-life compared to spontaneous fission half-life will survive fission and can be detected in the laboratory through alpha decay. We have studied the alpha decay half-life and spontaneous half-life of some superheavy elements in the atomic range Z = 100-130. Spontaneous fission half-lives of superheavy nuclei have been calculated using the phenomenological formula and the alpha decay half-lives using Viola-Seaborg-Sobiczewski formula (Sobiczewski et al. 1989), semi empirical relation of Brown (1992) and formula based on generalized liquid drop model proposed by Dasgupta-Schubert and Reyes (2007). The results are reported here. -
Alphabet recognition of American sign language:A hand gesture recognition approach using sift algorithm /
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications Vol.4, No.1, pp.105-115 ISSN No. 0975-900X (O) 0976-2191 (P) -
ALT speech recognition system using F0 improvement and spectral tilt method
Human Beings use voice as the medium for communication. Human Speech is a very complex signal with multiple frequencies, amplitudes and intensities that mix up to convey specific information. In international terminology, voice disorders are described as dysphonia. Various dysphonias are clearly organic origin due to nervous, muscular, neuro or cellular degenerative disease affecting the body or it is from local laryngeal changes. Other dysphonias having no visible laryngeal causes are grouped as non organic involving habitual dysphonias that arise from faulty speaking habits or the psycho genic dysphonias that stem from emotional causes. This paper looks at a speech recognition system for disordered speech generated by Physically Disabled people using Artificial Larynx Transducer (ALT) device from the perspective of Speech Signal Processing. From the ALT speech features like formant, pitch and spectral tilt is estimated. For formant frequency estimation RNN technique is used. Before training the system pitch frequency improvement is accomplished. Now the features and homomorphic based coefficients are used for training the system. The same operation is performed during the test phase and compared with the training set. Comparison and decision making is accomplished using distance estimator. BEIESP. -
Alternate models to dark energy
One of the unresolved questions currently in cosmology is that of the non-linear accelerated expansion of the universe. This has been attributed to the so called Dark Energy (DE). The accelerated expansion of the universe is deduced from measurements of Type Ia supernovae. Here we propose alternate models to account for the Type Ia supernovae measurements without invoking dark energy. 2017 COSPAR -
Alzheimer's disease : A challenge in the face of modern era /
Mapana Journal of Sciences, Vol.12, Issue 2, pp.19-36, ISSN No: 0975-3303. -
Amberlite-15 promoted an unprecedented aza Michael rearrangement for one pot synthesis of dihydroquinazolinone compounds
A new one pot multicomponent annulation strategy for the synthesis of various dihydroquinazolinone compounds has been developed using Amberlite-15 as a catalyst, giving good to moderate yields. In this reaction the substrate scope for amines and aldehydes was also investigated. The reaction has been checked on a large scale and the possible reaction mechanism has also been proposed. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018. -
Amine functionalized carbon quantum dots from paper precursors for selective binding and fluorescent labelling applications
We report a novel synthesis route for preparing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) of customized surface functionality from readily available precursors. The synthetic strategy is based on the chemical modification of paper precursors prior to preparing CQDs from them. The pre-synthesis modification of paper precursors with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxy silane (APTES) enabled us to synthesize CQDs with amine functional groups on the surface. The silane coupling via condensation between the ethoxy group of APTES and the cellulose hydroxyl group on the paper resulted in the tethering of amine groups on the paper substrates, which are retained as surface-bound species during the synthesis of CQDs from the modified paper. Amine functionalization on the surface of CQDs helped us use them in applications such as DNA binding. We analyzed the interaction of CQDs with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA), and the results imply their propensity as an efficient biological probe. The synthetic strategy presented here can also be extended to other functional groups. 2022 Elsevier Inc. -
Amorphous Ru-Pi nanoclusters coated on polypyrrole modified carbon fiber paper for non-enzymatic electrochemical determination of cholesterol
A facile electrochemical sensor based on Ruthenium-Phosphate (Ru-Pi) was developed by electrodeposition of Ru-Pi on Polypyrrole (PPy) modified carbon fiber paper (CFP) electrode. Phosphate buffer solutions of neutral pH containing RuCl3 was used for voltammetric deposition of Ru-Pi on PPy/CFP electrode. The modified electrodes were characterized by High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electroanalytical techniques. A significant amount of phosphate (Pi) and Ru centers in higher oxidation states were present on Ru-Pi film deposited on PPy/CFP substrate. Pi plays a significant role during catalyst deposition and in its activity toward determination of Cholesterol. DPV studies demonstrated that under optimum conditions, the developed sensor has displayed a wide linear dynamic range between 0.16 nM and 20.0 nM with a superior detection limit of 0.54 10-10 M. The proposed method was effectively applied in the nonenzymatic determination of cholesterol at an ultralow level in human blood serum samples. The method displayed high selectivity toward cholesterol in the presence of other interfering substances. 2019 The Electrochemical Society. -
Amorphous Ru-Pi nanoclusters decorated on PEDOT modified carbon fibre paper as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction
Amorphous Ru-Pi nanoclusters deposited on PEDOT modified carbon fibre paper electrode have been investigated as a potential oxygen evolution electrocatalyst. CFP/PEDOT/Ru-Pi electrode was prepared by electrodeposition of Ru-Pi nanoclusters on PEDOT decorated CFP using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), attenuated total reflection with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used for physicochemical characterization. Linear sweep voltammetric (LSV) studies corroborated that CFP/PEDOT/Ru-Pi has exhibited higher oxidation peak current when compared to other modified electrodes. CFP/PEDOT/Ru-Pi electrode has displayed better catalytic activity towards oxygen evolution reaction at low onset and over potential. The modified electrode has also offered better stability towards the oxidation reaction in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and the working stability of these electrodes were determined using LSV and CV. 2021 Elsevier B.V. -
Amorphous versus crystalline Al2O3nanoparticles: A comparative study in photocatalytic dye degradation
This study focuses on the synthesis of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles and compares their amorphous and crystalline phases, emphasizing their suitability for photocatalytic dye degradation. The as-prepared Al2O3, synthesized using the sol-gel technique, is found to have an amorphous nature, which is later annealed at 1200C to obtain its ? phase of crystalline nature. Despite the widespread applications of aluminum oxide in various fields, the differences between its amorphous and crystalline phases are not well understood. This work bridges this gap by evaluating the amorphous and crystalline phases of Al2O3, particularly for dye degradation. As technologies advance to enhance aluminum-containing photocatalytic materials by doping, composites, and hybrids, understanding the impact of material phase on photocatalytic capabilities becomes crucial. The research comprehensively assesses structural, functional, morphological, optical, and dye degradation characteristics. Remarkably, amorphous Al2O3 demonstrates superior dye degradation efficacy compared with its crystalline counterpart, achieving an enhanced degradation efficiency of 87.2% for rhodamine B, a commonly used azo dye in the printing and textile industries. 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved. -
An Adaptive Cluster based Vehicular Routing Protocol for Secure Communication
In todays scenario, Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is one of the modern fields in vehicle communication; it includes a large number of nodes that can be changed arbitrarily with the ability to link or exit the system anytime. Moreover, it has various complexities because of the attacks model in the transmission and communication channel. Besides, most of the attacks are known as black hole attack and wormhole attack. The presence of these attacks causes large damage in the data broadcasting region that ends in data drops or collapses. To defeat these problems, a novel Clustered Vehicle Location protocol for Hybrid Krill Herd and Bat Optimization (CVL-HKH-BO) technique is proposed. Thus, the proposed mechanism of hybrid krill herd and bat optimization is to detect and prevent attacks based on the fitness function. Moreover, secure communication can be enhanced by the proposed technique. Consequently, the solution to energy consumption and packet delay issues are solved using the CVL protocol. The projected strategy is implemented in the Network simulator (Ns-2) platform, and the outcomes show the node energy, overload and delay are minimized by increasing the quantity of packets transmitted in the network. Sequentially, the proposed technique is compared with existing techniques in terms of throughput, packet loss, delay time and data broadcasting ratio. Therefore, the duration of the node can be enhanced and can attain high energy capable data transmission. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
An adaptive inertia weight teachinglearning-based optimization for optimal energy balance in microgrid considering islanded conditions
The energy balance in islanded microgrids is a complex task due to various operational constraints. This paper proposes a new approach to multi-objective optimization for achieving energy balance in aMicrogrid(MG) in both islanded and normal modes. Optimal load control (OLC)is achallenge, due to a lack of capacity to generate the global optimum after each run. The latest variant of Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), known as Adaptive-TLBO, includes both modifications during exploitation and exploration stages (ATLBO). The results achievedwith the proposed method are exceptional on a modified IEEE 33-bus system. In addition to the improvement of the voltage profile and the decrease of the distribution losses, the energy balance improves with the method. The proposed ATLBO algorithm overrides any proposed other algorithm, as shown by comparison with PSO, base TLBO, Backtrackingsearch algorithm (BSA) and cuckoo search algorithms, etc. (CSA). The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. -
An adept approach to ascertain and elude probable social bots attacks on twitter and twitch employing machine learning approach
There has been a tremendous increase in the popularity of social media such as blogs, Instagram, twitter, online websites etc. The increasing utilization of these platforms have enabled the users to share information on a regular basis and also publicize social events. Nevertheless, most of the multimedia events are filled with social bots which raise concerns on the authenticity of the information shared in these events. With the increasing advancements of social bots, the complexity of detecting and fact-checking is also increasing. This is mainly due to the similarity between authorized users and social bots. Several researchers have introduced different models for detecting social bots and fact checking. However, these models suffer from various challenges. In most of the cases, these bots become indistinguishable from existing users and it is challenging to extract relevant attributes of the bots. In addition, it is also challenging to collect large scale data and label them for training the bot detection models. The performance of existing traditional classifiers used for bot detection processes is not satisfactory. This paper presents: A machine learning based adaptive fuzzy neuro model integrated with a hist gradient boosting (HGB) classifier for identifying the persisting pattern of social bots for fake news detection. And Harris Hawk optimization with Bi-LSTM for social bot prediction. Results validate the efficacy of the HGB classifier which achieves a phenomenal accuracy of 95.64 % for twitter bot and 98.98 % for twitch bot dataset. 2023 -
An Adoptable Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Analysis to Select a Best Hair Mask Product-Extended Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method
Hair masks (HMs) act as one of the solutions for most of the hair problems like dandruff, frizziness, breakage, premature- greying and so on. Due to its various benefits, HM products are acquiring more popularity among the individuals. As there are different varieties of HM products available in the market, the confusion arises in choosing a HM which suits the individuals hair profile and causes less side effects. Here, we have employed multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) combined with fuzzy set theory to obtain better results. We used the extended Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method based on trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy set (TIT2FS) in this research paper to handle vagueness and complexity in real-world problems. For determining the objective weights of the criteria, we used the entropy method of weight finding. An example of selecting a hair mask product (HMP) among four alternatives based on five criteria is provided to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method. In comparison to other MCDM methods, the approach yielded more practical results. By doing a sensitive study, the methods stability is also assessed. 2021, The Author(s).