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Dependence between Sugar Industry Specific Factors and Sugar Companies Share Prices: Evidence from India
We assess the effects of sugar industry-specific macroeconomic factors on share prices of sugar companies in India using quantile regression approach from January 2001 to December 2017. We detect grounds to affirm the dependence between sugar industry specific macroeconomic factors and sugar companies share prices. The results indicate that the change in sugarcane cultivation area has both positive and negative effect on the share prices of sugar companies. Further, it shows that the impact of sugar production on share prices of sugar companies varies across the different quantiles except an insignificant effect on two companies for all quantiles. Moreover, most of the companies share prices are highly and positively influenced by sugar import. The study pointed out that the risk of sugar industry specific macroeconomic factors noticed in the sugar companies share prices is heterogenous. Indian Institute of Finance Vol. XXXVI No. 4, December 2022. -
Dependence of Eigen frequency on the output performance of a piezoelectric nano sensor: A comparative study
Energy harvesting is an approach to generating electricity that uses the energy of the local environment directly. Instead of relying on batteries or power generated elsewhere, the world needs a new generation of energy-producing products. Generation or accumulation and energy consumption must be balanced when designing such a system. Before implementation into the real world, simulations are available for optimizing device designs, comparing them, predicting them, and formulating methodologies. In this comparative study, using a finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, an Eigen frequency analysis is performed to validate the relationship between Eigen frequency and output voltage and also shows how much the selection of a piezo electric base material depends on the natural frequency, excitation frequency, and output voltage relationship. A piezoelectric sensor is constructed with an initial base material and using material sweeps, another six materials are added and switched for the purpose. After applying allowable stress and frequency analysis, measured the output electric potential for the first five eigenmodes. Selecting seven different piezo electric base materials that possess unique properties from traditional lead zirconate titanate (PZT) to upcoming polymer material polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), there reveals the role of selecting suitable energy harvesting medium in generating proper output. From the experimented materials, zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum nitride (AlN), and PVDF are found to be reliable towards the resonance concept and attaining optimum electric potential. Thus, our study strongly supports previous works carried out by the researchers regarding the effect of various piezo electric base materials on output response. 2023 -
Deposition and characterization of ZnO/CdSe/SnSe ternary thin film based photocatalyst for an enhanced visible light-driven photodegradation of model pollutants
A heterogeneous photocatalytic pathway is a possible approach to global energy and environmental issues. Sol-gel spin coating and physical vapour deposition were used to create a new ternary ZnO/CdSe/SnSe nanocomposite thin film photocatalyst. X-ray diffractometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission-scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometers were used to characterize the deposited films. When exposed to solar light, the ternary photocatalyst exhibits high photocatalytic activity in photocatalytic dye degradation processes. it demonstrates excellent visible light absorption, enhanced charge carrier separation, and solar light simulation. It was proposed that the charge in the ternary ZnO/CdSe/SnSe photocatalyst moves in a double type-II and cascade manner between the various components. In this study, ternary thin film heterostructures are synthesized, exhibiting outstanding stability and solar light-induced photocatalytic activity.The thin film composed of ZnO/CdSe/SnSe exhibits a degradation efficiency of 96% when exposed to visible light, and a degradation efficiency of 90% for methylene blue under sunlight within a time period of 150 min. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
Depression, anxiety, stress and marital adjustment among women
Marriage, especially for women in a patriarchal society involves a huge transition process. The struggle with new responsibilities and expectations is overwhelming in itself. But with the feelings of worthlessness and feeling trapped and bound in a loveless and thankless bond, come distress and adjustment issues. According to a recent Nielsen survey on 'Women of Tomorrow', out of 21 nations and 6500 women, India is a leading nation when it comes to stress in women. About 87% of women were stressed most of the time and 82% claimed that they did not find time to relax. Women in the age range from 22 years to 55 years are the most stressed and are struggling hard to strike a balance between their home lives, social activities and jobs. The present study aims to examine depression, stress, anxiety and adjustment issues among women. A total of 80 married women were selected for the study with 40 working and 40 non-working women. The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were administered to collect data. Negative relationship was obtained between stress, anxiety depression and marital adjustment among married women. Anxiety and Marital adjustment are moderately correlated (-.346) while Stress (-.454) and Depression (-0.487) are highly correlated with marital adjustment. 2020 Journal of International Women's Studies. -
Deprotection induced modulation of excited state intramolecular proton transfer for selective detection of perborate and ammonia
Acetate protected Naphthalene Coupled Benzothiazole (NCB) has been designed and synthesized for selective detection of perborate (BO3) and ammonia (NH3) based on modulation of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process by chemodosimetric deacetylation pathway. In presence of nucleophilic species like BO3 and NH3, acetyl group deprotection of NCB resulted ESIPT within the molecule exhibiting a significant enhancement of absorption and emission signals at 425 nm and 472 nm respectively. The emission enhancement of NCB has been observed by 31-folds and 14-folds in presence of BO3 and NH3 respectively. The selectivity and fast sensitivity of NCB have been shown by the lower detection limit (1.32 M for BO3, 1.74 M for NH3 in UVvis study and 0.60 M for BO3 and 4.39 M for NH3 in fluorescence study) and fast response (rate constants: 12.36 s?1 and 5.54 s?1 for BO3 and NH3 respectively). Analytes induced deacetylation pathway of NCB followed by ESIPT has been clearly demonstrated by theoretical calculation. The test strips based on NCB with BO3 and NH3 are fabricated, which can act as a convenient and efficient test kits for both these analytes. In the practical applications, the sensor NCB can be utilized as low cost food spoilage indicator and soil analysis by fluorometric method. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Derris Indica Leaves Extract as a Green Inhibitor for the Corrosion of Aluminium in Alkaline Medium
The corrosion inhibitive effect of Derris indica leaves extract (DILE) on aluminium in 1 M NaOH is investigated at different temperatures. For this purpose, weight loss studies and electrochemical methods including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique are employed. Surface analysis of the treated and untreated aluminium coupons are done by using metallurgical microscopy. About 60.2% of maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency is attained with an optimum inhibitor concentration of 1.2 g/L. Both weight loss and electrochemical studies confirmed that DILE plays a crucial role in the formation of a protective layer over metal surfaces. Also, electrochemical measurements revealed that DILE behaves as a mixed type of corrosion inhibitor. The kinetic parameters and thermodynamic parameters are calculated using Arrhenius theory and transition state theory. Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be the best fit and physical adsorption mechanism was proposed. En ineered Science Publisher LLC 2022 -
DES J024008.08-551047.5: A new member of the polar ring galaxy family
Aims. This study presents the discovery of a new polar ring galaxy (PRG) candidate and highlights its unique features and characteristics. We provide evidence from photometric analysis that supports the inclusion of galaxy DES J024008.08-551047.5 (DJ0240) in the PRG catalogue. Methods. During the visual observations of optical imaging data obtained from the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey, a serendipitous discovery was made of a ringed galaxy, DJ0240. We conducted a one-dimensional isophotal analysis to determine the position angle of the ring component and its relative orientation to the host galaxy. A two-dimensional GALFIT analysis was performed to confirm the orthogonal nature of the ring galaxy and identify distinct components within the host galaxy. We compared the photometric properties of the host and ring components of DJ0240 with PRGs and other ring-type galaxies (RTGs), finding that DJ0240 shares similar properties with both of these galaxy types. Results. We have discovered the galaxy DJ0240, a PRG candidate with a ring component positioned almost perpendicular to the host galaxy. The position angles of the ring and host components are ?80 and ?10, respectively, indicating that they are nearly orthogonal to each other. The extension of the ring component is three times greater than that of the host galaxy and shows a distinct colour separation, being bluer than the host. The estimated g-r colour values of the host and ring components are 0.86 0.02 and 0.59 0.10 mag, respectively. The colour value of the ring component is similar to those of typical spiral galaxies. The host galaxy's colour and the presence of a bulge and disc components indicate that the host galaxy may be lenticular. Our findings reveal a subtle yet noticeable colour difference between the host and ring components of PRGs and RTGs. We observe that both the host and ring components of DJ0240 align more closely with PRGs than with RTGs. Furthermore, we compared the Sersic index values of the ring component (nring) of galaxy DJ0240 with a selected sample of PRGs and Hoag-type galaxies. The results show that DJ0240 has a remarkably low nring value of 0.13, supporting the galaxy's classification as a PRG. Hence, we suggest that the ring galaxy DJ0240 is a highly promising candidate for inclusion in the family of PRGs. 2024 The Authors. -
Design and development of a method for detecting sleep roll-over counts using accelerometer ADXL335
Sleep plays an important role as it helps human body to rejuvenate, boosts mental function and manage stress. Sleep is restorative function which enhances muscle growth, repairs tissues, maintains health and make physical appearance look or feel better. The lack of sleep in human body can increase the risk of diseases which are asthma, diabetes, depression. For healthy physiological function, sleep is essential and has strong relation to mental condition. Easy way of sleep management is considered for maintaining good mental health. Numerous scientists, doctors and researchers have proposed various ways to monitor sleep, some of those best tests are polysomnography test and actigraphy test. However, taking sleep test covering the whole body with wires and electrodes which is polysomnography test is uncomfortable for patients, and sensors used for different approaches like this are costly and often require overnight treatment and expert monitoring in clinics. Therefore, easy way of detecting roll-over movements which is convenient for patients to wear is proposed. Accelerometer ADXL335 sensor is taped on socks during sleep which is comfortable for patients to wear and do not cause any inconvenience during sleep. Algorithm is proposed to read the dataset and count the roll-over during the sleep based on threshold. Resulting the number of roll-over detected during a sleep period. Copyright 2020 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Design and Development of Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Processing System for Optimizing Security of Software System
Software security vulnerabilities are significant for the software development industry. Exploration is conducted for software development industry landscape, software development eco-system landscape, and software system customer landscape. The focus is to explore the data sources that can provide the software development team with insights to act upon the security vulnerabilities proactively. Across these modules of software landscape, customer landscape, and industry landscape, data sources are leveraged using artificial intelligence approaches to identify the security insights. The focus is also on building a smart knowledge management system that integrates the information processed across modules into a central system. This central intelligence system can be further leveraged to manage software development activities proactively. In this exploration, machine learning and deep learning approaches are devised to model the data and learn from across the modules. Architecture for all the modules and their integration is also proposed. Work helps to envision a smart system for Artificial Intelligence-based knowledge management for managing software security vulnerabilities. 2023, Crown. -
Design and development of cognitive improvement through virtual reality based treatment using mathematical model
Virtual reality (VR) used in rehabilitation has the potential to enhance the quality of life for individuals with various medical conditions. As a result of this novel approach, there has been an increase in the number of individuals who are now giving their attention and actively engaging in rehabilitation programmes. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and advantages of virtual reality-based rehabilitation programmes in comparison to traditional educational methods for enhancing and strengthening talents. The creative capacity of VR was assessed through a study involving 50 participants who are going through regular traditional therepy methods. Virtual reality therapy enhances cognitive functions. As a result of the changes, there was a 30-40% increase in growth using proposed mathamatical model compared to traditional methods. The study revealed that the use of virtual reality-based personalised rehabilitation resulted in enhanced cognitive function and improved retention of knowledge among the participants. 2024, Taru Publications. All rights reserved. -
Design and Development of Multi-Sensor ADEP for Bore Wells Integrated with IoT Enabled Monitoring Framework
Typically, about 51% of the groundwater satisfies the drinking water worldwide and is regarded as the major source for the purpose of irrigation. Moreover, the monitoring and assessment of groundwater over bore wells is essential to identify the effect of seasonal changes, precipitations, and the extraction of water. Hence, there is a need to design a depth sensor probe for bore wells so as to analyze/monitor the quality of underground water thereby estimating any geophysical variations like landslides/earthquakes. Once the depth sensor probe is designed, the data is collected over wireless sensor network (WSN) medium and is stored in cloud for further monitoring and analyzing purposes. WSN is the major promising technologies that offer the real-time monitoring opportunities for geographical areas. The wireless medium in turn senses and gathers data like rainfall, movement, vibration, moisture, hydrological and geological aspects of soil that helps in better understanding of landslide or earthquake disasters. In this paper, the design and development of geophysical sensor probe for the deep bore well so as to monitor and collect the data like geological and hydrological conditions. The data collected is then transmitted by wireless network to analyze the geological changes which can cause natural disaster and water quality assessment. 2023 The Authors. Published by AnaPub Publications. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) -
Design and Evaluation of Wi-Fi Offloading Mechanism in Heterogeneous Networks
In recent years, WiFi offloading provides a potential solution for improving ad hoc network performance along with cellular network. This paper reviews the different offloading techniques that are implemented in various applications. In disaster management applications, the cellular network is not optimal for existing case studies because the lack of infrastructure. MANET Wi-Fi offloading (MWO) is one of the potential solutions for offloading cellular traffic. This word combines the cellular network with mobile ad hoc network by implementing the technique of Wi-Fi offloading. Based on the applications requirements the offloading techniques implemented into mobile-to-mobile (M-M), mobile-to-cellular (M-C), mobile-to-AP (M-AP). It serves more reliability, congestion eliminated, increasing data rate, and high network performance. The authors also identified the issue while implementing the offloading techniques in network. Finally, this paper achieved the better performance results compared to existing approaches implemented in disaster management. Copyright 2021, IGI Global. -
Design and Implementation Bidirectional DC-AC Converter for Energy Storage System
This article proposes a bidirectional single-phase dc-ac converter with triple port converter (T-PC) for application of energy storage. This proposed converter provides three ports such as ac port, dc port, and dc bus port to achieve three power interfacing ports. For the direct conversion process, dc port is directly connected to T-PC, and direct power will be exchanged between energy storage device (ESD) and grid when the ESD voltage peak amplitude is lower than the ac voltage. Thus, a dc-dc converter downstream power process gets reduced, and power loss is decreased considerably. Due to multilevel characteristics, switching losses in the T-PC can be reduced. The efficiency of the overall bidirectional dc-ac conversion process can be increased significantly. The circuit model, working principle, and modulation control of T-PC-based bidirectional dc-ac conversion concepts are analyzed. A 1.5-kW test-bench model is developed and its effectiveness is verified to find the merits of suggested conversion. 2021 IEEE. -
Design and implementation of a universal converter for microgrid applications using approximate dynamic programming and artificial neural networks
This paper introduces a novel design for a universal DC-DC and DC-AC converter tailored for DC/AC microgrid applications using Approximate Dynamic Programming and Artificial Neural Networks (ADP-ANN). The proposed converter is engineered to operate efficiently with both low-power battery and single-phase AC supply, utilizing identical side terminals and switches for both chopper and inverter configurations. This innovation reduces component redundancy and enhances operational versatility. The converter's design emphasizes minimal switch usage while ensuring efficient conversion to meet diverse load requirements from battery or AC sources. A conceptual example illustrates the design's principles, and comprehensive analyses compare the converter's performance across various operational modes. A test bench model, rated at 3000W, demonstrates the converter's efficacy in all five operational modes with AC/DC inputs. Experimental results confirm the system's robustness and adaptability, leveraging ADP-ANN for optimal performance. The paper concludes by outlining potential applications, including microgrids, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems, highlighting the converter's key advantages such as reduced complexity, increased efficiency, and broad applicability. The Author(s) 2024. -
Design and Implementation of Active Clamp Flyback Converter for High-Power Applications
This paper proposes a solar-powered isolated DCDC converter for high-power applications. The main aim of this paper is to achieve voltage regulation in the output side of the converter and to integrate a lossless active clamp flyback circuit (LACF) to compensate for the high-voltage issues that arise from one-stage DCDC converters. Hardware is developed with a power rating of 2 kW to test the performance of the proposed circuit. The circuit is designed using low-voltage devices and features such as soft switching and regeneration due to the LACF, which enhances efficiency. A novel luminous control algorithm is presented to improve the converter performance. The proposed circuits performance and feasibility are compared with existing converter parameters, such as the number of components in the circuit, voltage rating, and regeneration. 2023 by the authors. -
Design and implementation of dual-leg generic converter for DC/AC grid integration
A newly designed generic photo-voltaic (PV) DC-DC/DC-AC converter is for direct current (DC) grid or single-phase alternating current (AC) grid integration. Main concept of the proposed converter is universal power conversion, and the same converter is used for DC-DC/DC-AC applications which also aiming for minimum redundancy because the proposed converter can be able to produce DC and AC output from the fixed/variable DC source. The proposed converter is designed with single-stage dual leg topology, with a designed filter, and protection circuits are connected in output/grid side. The proposed circuit is compared with existing topologies, and comparative analyses are made in both chopper (DC-DC) and inverter (DC-AC) modes for universal or generic operation. Real-time implementation of the proposed model is prepared for the power rating of 3.5 KW during inverter mode and 4 KW when same circuit working in chopper mode. Hardware results are obtained from the model from both chopper and inverter modes. Finally, correct applications, advantages, and future work are concluded in the last section. 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Design and Implementation of Smart Manufacturing Systems Through AR for Data-Driven Digital Twin System
Modification of size, residual stress, and surface roughness have an enormous impact on a complex mechanical products final machining quality. Machine quality can be ensured using Digital Twin (DT) technology by checking the real-time machining process. The virtualreal separation display method is the most modern DT System (DTS). It results in the ineffective transmission of the necessary restricting the use of the DTS by processing data on-site technicians to support field processing. Augmented Reality (AR) monitoring the manufacturing process approach to solve this problem is proposed based on the DT. First, the dynamic multi-view for AR is built using data from multiple sources. Second, real-time monitoring of complex products intermediate processes incorporates AR to encourage communication between the users of the DT machining system. The outcome of the system can prevent errors that cannot be fixed. An application case for observing will be used to confirm the viability and the efficacy of the proposed method. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Design and Optimization of Friction Stir Welding of Al-Cu BUTT Joint Configuration using Taguchi Method
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding technique in which the joint quality was predominantly subjected to heat formation throughout the metal welding process. The weld joint produced from FSW was better than the other fusion welding process. In this research, the base plates AA6101 and C11000 of 5 mm thickness were joined using the hardened oil-hardened non-shrinkable steel(OHNS) tool by the FSW method. The design of experiment (DOE) was used to optimize the input parameters such as tool rotational speed (rpm), feed rate (mm/min), and tool pin offset (mm) on output parameter ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The design of experiment (DOE) was carried out by employing a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, three factors, and three levels for obtaining a quality joint with good strength. The results of nine trial runs from the Taguchi experimental approach were formulated and analyzed using the statistical tool analysis of variance (ANOVA) using MINITAB 19 software. ANOVA analysis was employed to find the contribution of the input parameters toward the output. The optimized input process parameters will help to create effective weld joints. This study revealed that tool pin offset towards softer metal at medium tool rotational speed would create joints with the highest UTS. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was applied to investigate the structural changes in the FSW of Al-Cu joints. 2022, Books and Journals Private Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Design and optimization of the process parameters for friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminium alloys
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is one of the unique solid state welding technique that is fast gaining importance because of its ability to produce strong joints. The friction stir welding technique is effectively used in this research to join 5 mm thick dissimilar aluminium alloys of AA 7075-O and AA 5052-O grade. The effect of tool pin profile and tool rotational speed on the mechanical properties like micro-hardness and tensile strength are studied by the optimized Design of Experiments (DOE). The experiments are designed based on L16 orthogonal array considering TAGUCHI techniques for four design parameters and four parametric levels. The outcomes of experimental techniques are tabulated and TAGUCHI analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) are carried out in Minitab software. From the experimental results and statistical techniques, the methodology is validated and the outcomes of the experiments are found to be in close agreement with the statistical results with the error less than 5% of the mean difference value. The optimized process parameters for better micro hardness are as follows: tool rotational speed of 1200 rpm, feed of 120 mm/min, tool offset of 1 mm, and cylindrical tapered pin tool profile; while the optimized design of process parameters for better tensile strength are as follows: tool rotational speed of 1400 rpm, feed of 120 mm/min, tool offset of 1 mm and cylindrical tapered pin profile. The design and optimization of the process parameters for friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminium alloys is necessary for high strength weld joints. 2021, Paulus Editora. All rights reserved. -
Design and optimization of three class object detection modalities for manufacturing steel surface fault diagnosis and dimensionality classification
The main objective of this research is to create and improve three different object identification techniques for identifying surface flaws and categorising dimensions in steel that has been fabricated. RetinaNet, YOLOv3, and Faster R-CNN are the selected modalities in the experiment. The main goal is to evaluate these modalities' ability to detect and classify defects on steel surfaces in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. This assessment makes use of a varied collection of steel surface photos that show different kinds and sizes of faults. Training, validation, and testing sets make up the dataset's partitioning. The training set is used to train and optimise the three modalities, while the testing and validation sets are used to evaluate their performance. According to the study's findings, all three methods provide excellent of 0.92. RetinaNet comes in second with an F1 score of 0.89, followed by YOLOv3 with an F1 score of 0.87, while the Faster R-CNN modality obtains the greatest overall performance with an F1 score. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden 2024.