Emerging challenges for the agro-industrial food waste utilization: A review on food waste biorefinery
Agro-industrial waste; Challenges in biorefinery; Fermentable sugars; Food biorefinery; Food waste technologies
Modernization and industrialization has undoubtedly revolutionized the food and agro-industrial sector leading to the drastic increase in their productivity and marketing thereby accelerating the amount of agro-industrial food waste generated. In the past few decades the potential of these agro-industrial food waste to serve as bio refineries for the extraction of commercially viable products like organic acids, biochemical and biofuels was largely discussed and explored over the conventional method of disposing in landfills. The sustainable development of such strategies largely depends on understanding the techno economic challenges and planning for future strategies to overcome these hurdles. This review work presents a comprehensive outlook on the complex nature of agro-industrial food waste and pretreatment methods for their valorization into commercially viable products along with the challenges in the commercialization of food waste bio refineries that need critical attention to popularize the concept of circular bio economy. 2022
Kumar V.; Sharma N.; Umesh M.; Selvaraj M.; Al-Shehri B.M.; Chakraborty P.; Duhan L.; Sharma S.; Pasrija R.; Awasthi M.K.; Lakkaboyana S.R.; Andler R.; Bhatnagar A.; Maitra S.S.
ISSN: 9608524; PubMed ID: 35973569; CODEN: BIRTE
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127790 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136107133&doi=10.1016%2fj.biortech.2022.127790&partnerID=40&md5=20d71d666c81453d2eccd344482a8dd6
Kumar V., Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India; Sharma N., School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Selvaraj M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Al-Shehri B.M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia, Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Chakraborty P., School of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Jain (Deemed To Be) University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Duhan L., Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India; Sharma S., Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, India; Pasrija R., Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India; Awasthi M.K., College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Lakkaboyana S.R., Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr, Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Avadi, 600062, India; Andler R., Escuela de Ingenier en Biotecnolog, Centro de Biotecnolog de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Catica del Maule; Bhatnagar A., Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, Mikkeli, FI-50130, Finland; Maitra S.S., School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
Integrated biorefinery development for pomegranate peel: Prospects for the production of fuel, chemicals and bioactive molecules
Bioactives; Biofertilizer; Biofuel; Biorefinery; Pomegranate peel
Current experimental evidence has revealed that pomegranate peel is a significant source of essential bio compounds, and many of them can be transformed into valorized products. Pomegranate peel can also be used as feedstock to produce fuels and biochemicals. We herein review this pomegranate peel conversion technology and the prospective valorized product that can be synthesized from this frequently disposed fruit waste. The review also discusses its usage as a carbon substrate to synthesize bioactive compounds like phenolics, flavonoids and its use in enzyme biosynthesis. Based on reported experimental evidence, it is apparent that pomegranate peel has a large number of applications, and therefore, the development of an integrated biorefinery concept to use pomegranate peel will aid in effectively utilizing its significant advantages. The biorefinery method displays a promising approach for efficiently using pomegranate peel; nevertheless, further studies should be needed in this area. 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Arun K.B.; Madhavan A.; Anoopkumar A.N.; Surendhar A.; Liz Kuriakose L.; Tiwari A.; Sirohi R.; Kuddus M.; Rebello S.; Kumar Awasthi M.; Varjani S.; Reshmy R.; Mathachan Aneesh E.; Binod P.; Sindhu R.
ISSN: 9608524; PubMed ID: 36029981; CODEN: BIRTE
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127833 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137086726&doi=10.1016%2fj.biortech.2022.127833&partnerID=40&md5=2b7c117f889289351cc043a96c817e98
Arun K.B., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Madhavan A., School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kerala, Amritapuri, Kollam, 690525, India; Anoopkumar A.N., Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, Malappuram, India; Surendhar A., Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kerala, Kollam, 691 505, India; Liz Kuriakose L., Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kerala, Kollam, 691 505, India; Tiwari A., Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201 301, India; Sirohi R., Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136713, South Korea, Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226 029, India; Kuddus M., Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia; Rebello S., School of Food Science and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, Kottayam, 686 560, India; Kumar Awasthi M., College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, Yangling, 712 100, China; Varjani S., Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382 010, India; Reshmy R., Department of Science and Humanities, Providence College of Engineering, Kerala, Chengannur, 689 122, India; Mathachan Aneesh E., Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, Malappuram, India; Binod P., Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Kerala, Trivandrum, 695 019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India; Sindhu R., Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kerala, Kollam, 691 505, India
Therapeutic potential of marine macrolides: An overview from 1990 to 2022
Macrolides; Marine pharmacology; Structure activity relationships; Therapeutic drug targets
The sea is a vast ecosystem that has remained primarily unexploited and untapped, resulting in numerous organisms. Consequently, marine organisms have piqued the interest of scientists as an abundant source of natural resources with unique structural features and fascinating biological activities. Marine macrolide is a top-class natural product with a heavily oxygenated polyene backbone containing macrocyclic lactone. In the last few decades, significant efforts have been made to isolate and characterize macrolides' chemical and biological properties. Numerous macrolides are extracted from different marine organisms such as marine microorganisms, sponges, zooplankton, molluscs, cnidarians, red algae, tunicates, and bryozoans. Notably, the prominent macrolide sources are fungi, dinoflagellates, and sponges. Marine macrolides have several bioactive characteristics such as antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiviral), anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and neuroprotective activities. In brief, marine organisms are plentiful in naturally occurring macrolides, which can become the source of efficient and effective therapeutics for many diseases. This current review summarizes these exciting and promising novel marine macrolides in biological activities and possible therapeutic applications. 2022 The Authors
Das R.; Rauf A.; Mitra S.; Emran T.B.; Hossain M.J.; Khan Z.; Naz S.; Ahmad B.; Meyyazhagan A.; Pushparaj K.; Wan C.C.; Balasubramanian B.; Rengasamy K.R.; Simal-Gandara J.
Chemico-Biological Interactions, Vol-365
All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
ISSN: 92797; PubMed ID: 35952775; CODEN: CBINA
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110072 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135791829&doi=10.1016%2fj.cbi.2022.110072&partnerID=40&md5=0085af8fb33bf878187104946ab046fe
Das R., Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; Rauf A., Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, 94640, Pakistan; Mitra S., Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; Emran T.B., Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Hossain M.J., Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh; Khan Z., Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh; Naz S., Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan; Ahmad B., Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560076, Karnataka, India; Pushparaj K., Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India; Wan C.C., Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruit &Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruit & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Rengasamy K.R., Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600077, India; Simal-Gandara J., Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
Keratin as a sustainable biopolymer for waste water treatment
Biopolymer; Dyes; Heavy metals; Keratin; Oil; Waste water
Keratin is one of the most abundant natural polymers with potential application in various fields but is usually seen discarded as waste generated from poultry farms along roadsides and landfills. These are indeed the cheapest source of keratin protein which could be used for various applications. Owing to the structural properties, keratinous materials are now being exploited in wastewater treatment systems as adsorbents. The rich amino acid content having hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups has been found to be beneficial in removing contaminants from waste waters like heavy metals and dyes. Research based on this idea has received peak attention to a point where formulations of different adsorbent materials like nanofibre, biofilms and biocomposite from keratinous raw materials are now available for commercial use. This review summarises the application of keratin as an efficient adsorbent for waste water treatment providing an insight into its structure, forms of keratin used for treatments and mechanism of adsorption of different components in waste water. 2022 World Research Association. All rights reserved.
Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol-26, No. 9, pp. 157-166.
https://doi.org/10.25303/2609rjce1570166 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139765374&doi=10.25303%2f2609rjce1570166&partnerID=40&md5=20e965c9568a191c9ad17414742b7a0c
Stanly L.M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Surface modulation and structural engineering of graphitic carbon nitride for electrochemical sensing applications
Biosensors; Electrochemical sensing; Graphitic carbon nitride; Nanocomposites; Surface functionalization
The rediscovery of the old-age material graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a 2D conducting polymer, has given rise to a tide of articles exploring its diverse applications. Recently, owing to its excellent physicochemical stability and tunable electronic structure, the material has proven to be an eminent candidate for improving the sensing quality of electrodes. Excellent properties of g-C3N4 such as exposed surface area, metal-free characteristics, and low-cost synthesis have attracted facile and economical designing of sensors for a variety of analyte molecules. Herein, the readers are introduced to the historical development of g-C3N4 and escorted to the present findings of its electrochemical sensing applications. Along with its sensing utilities, the review shares some exciting insights into the synthesis, structural, and surface chemistry modulations of g-C3N4. A great many approaches for overcoming the inherent limitations have also been critically discussed, starting with the precursor in use. This review article aims to provide a concise perspective and direction to future researchers for enabling them to fabricate smart and eco-friendly sensors using g-C3N4. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Islamic Azad University.
Babu A.M.; Rajeev R.; Thadathil D.A.; Varghese A.; Hegde G.
Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, Vol-12, No. 5, pp. 765-807.
Babu A.M., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Rajeev R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Thadathil D.A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Betulinic acid: A natural promising anticancer drug, current situation, and future perspectives
anticancer; apoptosis; betulin; betulinic acid; cytotoxicity; hydrosolubility; pharmacokinetics
Natural products serve as the single most productive source for the discovery of drugs and pharmaceutical leads. Among the various chemicals derived from microbes, plants, and animals, phytochemicals have emerged as potential candidates for the development of anticancer drugs due to their structural diversities, complexities, and pleiotropic effects. Herein, we discuss betulinic acid (BA), a ubiquitously distributed lupane structured pentacyclic triterpenoid, scrutinized as a promising natural agent for the prevention, suppression, and management of various human malignancies. Ease of availability, common occurrences, cell-specific cytotoxicity, and astonishing selectivity are the important factors that contribute to the development of BA as an anticancer agent. The current review delineates the mechanistic framework of BA-mediated cancer suppression through the modulation of multiple signaling pathways and also summarizes the key outcomes of BA in preclinical investigations. 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Aswathy M.; Vijayan A.; Daimary U.D.; Girisa S.; Radhakrishnan K.V.; Kunnumakkara A.B.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Vol-36, No. 12
ISSN: 10956670; PubMed ID: 36124371; CODEN: JBMTF
https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.23206 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138238643&doi=10.1002%2fjbt.23206&partnerID=40&md5=b37a1b268f04deab1c2115fc233820c9
Aswathy M., Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India; Vijayan A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Daimary U.D., Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering,Indian Institute of Technology, Assam, Guwahati, India; Girisa S., Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering,Indian Institute of Technology, Assam, Guwahati, India; Radhakrishnan K.V., Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India; Kunnumakkara A.B., Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering,Indian Institute of Technology, Assam, Guwahati, India
Perovskites: Emergence of highly efficient third-generation solar cells
counter electrode; electron transport layer; hole transport layer; light absorbing layer; perovskite; solar cell
For decades, human beings have been trying to plug into the sun to satisfy our energy requirements. Solar energy harvesting technology is, at present, in its third generation. Among the emerging photovoltaics, perovskite solar cells, which are fast advancing, have great future scope as solar energy harvesters. Rapid technological growth within the decade makes it the most potent among third-generation photovoltaics. Since its introduction in 2009, photoconversion efficiencies (PCE) of perovskite solar cells has hiked from 3.9% to 25.8% by 2021. Despite the swift increase in PCE, perovskite photovoltaics have to cross many hurdles to reach the stage of commercialization. Issues like low stability and lead toxicity are matters of great concern. The choice of material in each layer and the interfacial engineering to create matching between surfaces play a significant role in enhancing device performance. This review focuses on the materials and functions of four different layers of perovskite solar cells: light-absorbing, electron transport, hole transport, and counter electrodes. A brief discussion of perovskite-silicon tandem and 2D/3D multidimensional solar cells is also included in the review. The emergence of environment-friendly, economically feasible, and efficient solar cell materials turns out to be milestones in the path toward the commercialization of perovskite solar energy harvesters. Highlights: This review discusses the emergence of perovskite solar cells, which are of great importance in the rapidly growing photovoltaic technology. An overview of materials, structure, and working of different perovskite solar cell layers- active layer, hole transport layer, electron transport layer, and counter electrode, is given in the review. The evolution of different solar cell materials is discussed, and their performance is compared qualitatively and quantitatively. 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
International Journal of Energy Research, Vol-46, No. 15, pp. 21856-21883.
https://doi.org/10.1002/er.8707 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138001408&doi=10.1002%2fer.8707&partnerID=40&md5=96d3d487e9ab9b29cf3a05279df3e142
George J., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Joseph A.P., Department of Media Studies, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Balachandran M., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
A Review of Comprehension and Operation of DC/DC Converters Precisely Voltage Multiplier and Voltage Lift Converters
DC/DC boost converter; Photovoltaic system; Voltage lift and voltage multiplier technique; Voltage lift technique; Voltage multiplier technique
Converters in power electronics play a significant part in the power conversion of distributed generation and grid-connected systems. This paper gives comprehension analysis and operation of various non-isolated step-up DC/DC converters for renewable energy applications using voltage multiplier or/and voltage lift techniques to attain higher voltage gain. An isolated converter structure mainly comprises a transformer which is associated with high cost, complexity, leakage inductance, losses and EMI problems with the decrease in the efficiency of the converter, hence the operation of several DC/DC converters precisely voltage multiplier and voltage lift converters are discussed with relative simulation results obtained. 2022 Seventh Sense Research Group.
SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vol-9, No. 11, pp. 25-35.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V9I11P104 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85145409794&doi=10.14445%2f23488379%2fIJEEE-V9I11P104&partnerID=40&md5=612e787c4c498f4e0a1e0b5aafc56f1f
Salyam R., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Margaret V., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs): A Review on Biosynthesis, Properties, Fermentation Strategies and Its Prospective Applications for Sustainable Future
Biocompatibility; Biofuel; Bionanocomposite; Biopolymer; Fermentation; Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
Exponential increase in the use and disposal of synthetic plastics has raised an alarming concern related to their adverse effect on the environment due to their recalcitrant nature and non biodegradability. Nevertheless, the depletion in the petrochemical sources made it imperative to search for other sustainable alternatives to synthetic plastics. This triggered the attention on biodegradable plastics produced from plants, animals and microbial sources that have excellent material properties like their synthetic counterparts. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are ineluctably promising microbial polyesters that have the competence to supersede traditional oil-based synthetic polymers which causes major disposal issues worldwide. The compostable nature, biocompatibility, thermostability, and resilience of these bio-based polymers make them an acceptable replacement in the global market. Their versatile material properties made them a propitious candidate in packaging, biomedicine, tissue engineering, biofuel production, nanocomposite formation, and other industrial applications. Despite their potential advantages, the commercialization of PHA is hindered majorly due to the high cost associated with their production and extraction. This review work majorly focuses on the production, extraction, applications and fermentation strategies for enhancing PHA production. The review also addresses the production of PHA from extremophiles, challenges associated with PHA production and sustainable substrates for PHA production using various agroindustrial wastes. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Journal of Polymers and the Environment, Vol-30, No. 12, pp. 4903-4935.
Saravanan K., Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Kathirvel P., Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
Hydrogen Sulfide: A new warrior in assisting seed germination during adverse environmental conditions
Abiotic stress; Donor; Hydrogen sulfide; NaHS; Rice; Seed germination
Seed, being a truly static period of the plant's existence, is exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic shocks during dormancy that causes many cellular alterations. To improve its germination and vigor, the seed industry employs a variety of invigoration techniques, which are commonly referred to as seed priming procedures. The treatment with an exogenous H2S donor such as sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) has been proven to improve seed germination. The H2S molecule is not only a key contributor to the signal transduction pathway meant for the sensation of seed exposure to various biotic and abiotic stresses but also contribute toward the alleviation of different abiotic stress. Although it was initially recognized as a toxic molecule, later its identification as a third gaseous transmitter molecule unveiled its potential role in seed germination, root development, and opening of stomata. Its involvement in cross talks with several other molecules, including plant hormones, also guides numerous physiological responses in the seeds, such as regulation of gene expression and enzymatic activities, which contribute to reliving various biological and non-biological stresses. However, the other metabolic pathways that could be implicated in the dynamics of the germination process when H2S is used are unclear. These pathways possibly may contribute to the seed germinability process with improved performance and stress tolerance. The present review briefly addresses the signaling and physiological impact of H2S in improving seed germination on exposure to various stresses. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Sharma P.; Meyyazhagan A.; Easwaran M.; Sharma M.M.M.; Mehta S.; Pandey V.; Liu W.-C.; Kamyab H.; Balasubramanian B.; Baskaran R.; Kleme J.J.; Mesbah M.; Chelliapan S.
Plant Growth Regulation, Vol-98, No. 3, pp. 401-420.
Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
Sharma P., Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, Hisar, 125004, India; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560076, India; Easwaran M., Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India; Sharma M.M.M., Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-DO, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea; Mehta S., School of Agricultural Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Haryana, Sohna Rural, 122103, India; Pandey V., School of Comparative Indic Studies & Tribal Science, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS-DU), Odisha, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India; Liu W.-C., Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Kamyab H., Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, Malaysia, Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Baskaran R., Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Kleme J.J., Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, NETME Centre, Brno University of Technology - VUT Brno, Technick2896/2, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Mesbah M., Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jln sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, Malaysia; Chelliapan S., Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jln sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, Malaysia
Forensic toxicological and analytical aspects of carbamate poisoning A review
Carbamates; Chromatography; Forensic toxicology; Mass spectrometry; Pesticides; Toxicological analysis
Pesticides play a pivotal role in modern agricultural practices and effective domestic pest control. Despite their advantages, pesticides pose a great danger to humans and animals due to their toxicity. Pesticides, particularly carbamates, are extensively used all over the world in crop protection and domestic pest control, however, also causing morbidity and mortality on a larger scale, which is of great significance in both clinical and criminal justice management.Carbamates are derived from a carbamic acid (NH2COOH) that are commonly used as insecticides. Ethienocarb, Sevin, Carbaryl, Fenoxycarb, Furadan, Carbofuran, Aldicarb, and 2-(1-Methylpropyl) phenyl N-methylcarbamate are examples of insecticides that include the carbamate functional group. By reversibly inactivating the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, these insecticides can induce cholinesterase inhibition poisoning.Chromatographic methods, notably gas and liquid chromatography have traditionally been employed to analyse carbamate pesticides and their metabolites in various matrices. These approaches are employed due to their ability to separate the chemicals contained in a sample; as well as identify and quantify these compounds utilizing advanced detection systems. Aside from these GC and LC conventional methods, other detection and/or hyphenated techniques such as single-quadrupole, ion-trap, triple-quadrupole, or tandem mass spectrometry, have been used in carbamate analysis to provide quick results with excellent sensitivity, precision, and accuracy.The objective of this review is to describe various analytical techniques used to detect and determine carbamate pesticides in various matrices which include urine, blood, and tissues that are commonly encountered in emergency hospital laboratories and forensic science laboratories. 2022 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine
Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, Vol-92
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102450 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143088541&doi=10.1016%2fj.jflm.2022.102450&partnerID=40&md5=9d240ed250c081d53adc4f7fb78b48df
Kumar S., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Baggi T.R., Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India, Ramanthapur, Telangana, Hyderabad, India, Forensic Science, University College of Science, Osmania University, Telangana, Hyderabad, India; Al-Zughaibi T., Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Conducting Polymers: A Versatile Material for Biomedical Applications
bio actuator; Biomedical applications; conducting polymer; hydrogel; neural prosthetic devices; smart textiles
Conducting polymers (CPs) are organic polymers with metallic conductivity or semiconducting properties which have drawn considerable attention globally. They are versatile materials because of their excellent environmental stability, electrical conductivity, economic importance as well as optical and electronic properties. CPs are interesting because they can be functionalized in several ways and the chemical properties are fine-tuned by incorporating new functionalities, making them more suitable in biomedical and other applications. They act as appropriate mediums of biomolecules and can be employed to improve the speed, stability, and sensitivity of various biomedical devices. They can transit between conducting and semiconducting states and have the ability to change mechanical properties by regulated doping, chemical modifications, etc. In this paper, we review the potential biomedical uses of conducting polymers such as smart textiles, bioactuators, hydrogels, and the use of CPs in neural prosthetic devices. 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Benny Mattam L.; Bijoy A.; Abraham Thadathil D.; George L.; Varghese A.
https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202201765 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85142109639&doi=10.1002%2fslct.202201765&partnerID=40&md5=3380fd50faeb5fee08a16955d20a67c0
Benny Mattam L., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bijoy A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Abraham Thadathil D., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; George L., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction: A Meta-analytic Review
Human Resource Management; Job Satisfaction; Meta-analysis; Organizational Behaviour; Psychological Empowerment
Studies in the area of psychological empowerment have been on the rise since early 1990s. Given the large amount of information available, the researchers aim to consolidate findings, in order to arrive at a deeper understanding of the concept and its relation to job satisfaction of employees in organizations. The researchers have identified 50 studies, set in varied cultural and organizational settings. The data from these studies form the basis of the analysis in this paper. A meta-analysis of the findings of the chosen studies was conducted. This is followed by a systematic review of literature, to identify a few probable intervening variables that modify the relationship. The findings of the analysis suggest that the direct relation between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction is positive, strong and statistically significant. The study supports the validity of one of the earliest models explaining the relation. The paper establishes that the direct relation between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction is strong, positive and significant. The variations in the strength of the relationship is due to the presence of certain intervening variables like culture, age, educational qualification and experience. 2022 Management Development Institute.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262921994350 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102731469&doi=10.1177%2f0972262921994350&partnerID=40&md5=e0c50bec96c395ff9d7ff5eb408ccd4f
Mathew J., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Nair S., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Novel electrochemical biosensor key significance of smart intelligence (IoMT & IoHT) of COVID-19 virus control management
Antigen; Electrochemical biosensor; SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19; Viral protein
Recent outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has led to the different possibilities of the development of treatment against corona virus. To know the phylogenicity of SARS-CoV, various studies have been conducted with the outcome of the results showing virulence is caused due to spike protein. Various detection techniques with clinical approach like imaging technology, RT-PCR etc. are comparatively expensively than the use of biosensors. Nano-biosensors have an excellent way of approach to track the conditions of individual and public providing information about the existing condition and treatment status. Electrochemical nano-biosensors are referred as an excellent way of detection. The use of graphene based electrochemical nano-biosensors are most advantageous due to its elevated properties. Fluorescence investigation is one of the precise ways of sensing, optical biosignals that helps in obtaining real time results with high accuracy and negligible changes. The potential application of nano-biosensors are very wide, improvised and advanced Nanotechnology helps in the use of nano-biosensors detect all possible biosignals. Significant ubiquitous IoT-enabled novel sensor technologies that can be potentially utilized to respond various facets the growing COVID-19 pandemic from diagnostic and therapeutics to the prevention stage. 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Paladhi A.G.; Manohar M., V; Pal K.; Vallinayagam S.; Packirisamy A.S.B.; Bashreer V.A.; Sai Nandhini R.; Ukhurebor K.E.
Process Biochemistry, Vol-122, pp. 105-109.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2022.09.023 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139591143&doi=10.1016%2fj.procbio.2022.09.023&partnerID=40&md5=fb91f2e4ddc02ffc8b0c8b956024033b
Paladhi A.G., CHIRST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Manohar M., V, JSS Medical College (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Mysuru, India; Pal K., University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, Mohali, India; Vallinayagam S., Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India; Packirisamy A.S.B., Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India; Bashreer V.A., Centre for Food Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600025, India; Sai Nandhini R., Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India; Ukhurebor K.E., Department of Physics, Edo State University Uzairue, P.M.B. 04, Edo State, Auchi, 312101, Nigeria
The nutraceutical properties and health benefits of pseudocereals: a comprehensive treatise
Antioxidants; bioactive compounds; health claims; non-communicable diseases; nutraceuticals; pseudocereals
This review article depicts the possible replacement of staple cereal sources with some pseudocereals like Chia, Quinoa, Buckwheat, and Amaranth, which not only provide recommended daily allowance of all nutrients but also help to reduce the chances of many non-communicable infections owing to the presence of several bioactive compounds. These pseudocereals are neglected plant seeds and should be added in our routine diet. Besides, they can serve as nutraceuticals in combating various diseases by improving the health status of the consumers. The bioactive compounds like rutin, quercetin, peptide chains, angiotensin I, and many other antioxidants present in these plant seeds help to reduce the oxidative stress in the body which leads toward better health of the consumers. All these pseudocereals have high quantity of soluble fiber which helps to regulate bowel movement, control hypercholesterolemia (presence of high plasma cholesterol levels), hypertension (high blood pressure), and cardiovascular diseases. The ultimate result of consumption of pseudocereals either as a whole or in combination with true cereals as staple food may help to retain the integrity of the human body which increases the life expectancy by slowing down the aging process. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Shahbaz M.; Raza N.; Islam M.; Imran M.; Ahmad I.; Meyyazhagan A.; Pushparaj K.; Balasubramanian B.; Park S.; Rengasamy K.R.R.; Gondal T.A.; El-Ghorab A.; Abdelgawad M.A.; Ghoneim M.M.; Wan C.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Vol-63, No. 29, pp. 10217-10229.
ISSN: 10408398; PubMed ID: 35549783; CODEN: CRFND
Shahbaz M., Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan; Raza N., Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan; Islam M., Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan; Imran M., Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan, Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Unit, King Fahed Medical Research Center, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Ahmad I., Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Pushparaj K., Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Park S., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Rengasamy K.R.R., Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India; Gondal T.A., School of Exercise and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, VIC, Australia; El-Ghorab A., College of Science, Chemistry Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Abdelgawad M.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Ghoneim M.M., Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia; Wan C., Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
Pore size matters!a critical review on the supercapacitive charge storage enhancement of biocarbonaceous materials
bio-derived carbons; Biowaste; electrolyte selection; porosity; supercapacitors
A circular economy targets zero waste converting both natural and synthetic wastes to valuable products, thereby promoting sustainable development. The porous nanocarbon synthesized from bio-waste is one such product used in applications such as energy storage, catalysis, and sensors. Different techniques are employed for synthesizing carbon from the biowastes and each route results in different properties toward end-user applications. Among them, surface area and porosity are the two critical factors that influence the energy storage capabilities of these synthesized carbon nanostructures. Besides the high surface area of the bio-derived carbons, the hindrance in supercapacitive performance is owing to its low porosity. Fewer review/research papers report the porosity tuning of these carbons for their influence on enhancing the performance of energy storage devices (supercapacitors). This critical review analyses the importance of porosity in these bio-derived carbons and reviews the recent development in its synthesis techniques along with its improvement in the energy storage capability. Special attention is also delivered to identify the ambient source of biowaste for carbon electrodes (fabrication) in supercapacitors. The recent research progress in tuning the porosity of these bio-derived carbons and the influence of electrolyte with porosity in affecting its supercapacitive energy storage is elucidated here. The research challenges, future research recommendations, and opportunities in the synthesis of bio-derived porous carbon for supercapacitor applications are briefed. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Krishnan S.G.; Arulraj A.; Jagadish P.; Khalid M.; Nasrollahzadeh M.; Fen R.; Yang C.-C.; Hegde G.
Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, Vol-48, No. 1, pp. 1-56.
Krishnan S.G., Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia; Arulraj A., Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia; Jagadish P., Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia; Khalid M., Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia; Nasrollahzadeh M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran; Fen R., School of Material Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China; Yang C.-C., Battery Research Centre for Green Energy, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Hegde G., Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India, Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Review on microbially synthesized nanoparticles: a potent biocontrol agent against Aedes species of mosquito
Aedes aegypti; Dengue; Insecticides; Nanoparticles
Aedes aegypti is a principal vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika illnesses worldwide. Because effective vaccinations or medications for the prevention and/or treatment for these illnesses are not available, vector management has been embraced as the primary method of reducing their transmission. The strategy that is often used for controlling Aedes populations is chemical insecticides; however, despite their efficiency, extensive usage of these pesticides has resulted in high operating costs, the establishment of resistant populations and undesirable non-target impacts. Therefore, the use of nanoparticles derived from multiple synthesis processes as new insecticides has recently attracted the interest of researchers. This study provides an overview of the current understanding concerning the method of action of nanoparticles against mosquitoes. Metal nanoparticles strongly influence antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes in insects, causing oxidative stress and cell death. These nanoparticles similarly inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity. Metal-based nanoparticles can potentially bind to S and P units in proteins and nucleic acids respectively resulting in decreased membrane permeability, organelle and enzyme denaturation which leads to cell death. Furthermore, they upregulate and downregulate critical insect genes, lower protein synthesis and gonadotrophin release, resulting in developmental and reproductive failure. This review critically examines insect nanotoxicology research trends and highlights the ecotoxicological effects of practical usage of nanoparticles as insecticides. 2022 World Research Association. All rights reserved.
Jincy G.A.; Sejal D.; Saher T.; Gopishankar T.; Paari K.A.
Research Journal of Biotechnology, Vol-17, No. 12, pp. 171-189.
https://doi.org/10.25303/1712rjbt1710189 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85145489173&doi=10.25303%2f1712rjbt1710189&partnerID=40&md5=950820e0874f16dc3c883b94ce2fa516
Jincy G.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Sejal D., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Saher T., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Gopishankar T., Centre for Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Institute of Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; Paari K.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
New horizons in surface topography modulation of MXenes for electrochemical sensing toward potential biomarkers of chronic disorders
biomarkers; chronic disorders; electrochemical sensing; MXenes; surface functionalization
MXenes are recently advanced two-dimensional layered nanomaterials that have various characteristic properties for developing electrochemical sensors for bioanalytical applications, such as hydrophilicity, good biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, heightened ion transportation, and ease of functionalization. MXenes are revealed to be having applications in various other fields including energy storage, and catalysis. The combination of a layered structure, biocompatibility, and high surface functionalities makes MXene a highly versatile material for electrochemical sensing applications. The effect of various synthesis and functionalization strategies on tuning the properties of MXenes toward improving sensing abilities has been comprehensively discussed. This review article also discusses the relevance of early diagnosis of various biomarkers of chronic diseases via MXene modified electrochemical sensor for gaining a better understanding of their early diagnosis, disease progression, and risk assessment. Modification with MXenes improves the electrocatalytic functionality of the electrodes thereby improving their applicability in health and biomedical fields. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, Vol-48, No. 5, pp. 580-622.
Rajeev R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Thadathil D.A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
A Comprehensive Review on the Electrochemical Sensing of Flavonoids
Electrocatalytic; electrochemical sensing; electrode modifiers; flavonoids; polyphenolic compounds
Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenolic compounds, widespread in the plant kingdom. Flavonoids possess broad-spectrum pharmacological effects due to their antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-neoplastic, anti-mutagenic, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunomodulatory, and vasodilatory properties. Care must be taken, since excessive consumption of flavonoids may have adverse effects. Therefore, proper identification, quantification and quality evaluations of flavonoids in edible samples are necessary. Electroanalytical approaches have gained much interest for the analysis of redox behavior and quantification of different flavonoids. Compared to various conventional methods, electrochemical techniques for the analysis of flavonoids offer advantages of high sensitivity, selectivity, low cost, simplicity, biocompatibility, easy on-site evaluation, high accuracy, reproducibility, wide linearity of detection, and low detection limits. This review article focuses on the developments in electrochemical sensing of different flavonoids with emphasis on electrode modification strategies to boost the electrocatalytic activity and analytical efficiency. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
George S.A.; Rajeev R.; Thadathil D.A.; Varghese A.
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, Vol-53, No. 6, pp. 1133-1173.
ISSN: 10408347; PubMed ID: 35001755; CODEN: CCACB
George S.A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Rajeev R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Thadathil D.A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
A comprehensive review on tissue culture studies and secondary metabolite production in Bacopa monnieri L. Pennell: a nootropic plant
Agrobacterium rhizogenes; Bacopa monnieri; bacoside A; multiple shoot culture; plant cell culture; secondary metabolites
Bacopa monnieri L. Pennell, commonly known as Brahmi, is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the family Plantaginaceae. Brahmi is rich in innumerable bioactive secondary metabolites, especially bacosides that can be employed to reduce many health issues. This plant is used as a neuro-tonic and treatment for mental health, depression, and cognitive performance. Brahmi is also known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hepatotoxic activities. There is a huge demand for its raw materials, particularly for the extraction of bioactive molecules. The conventional mode of propagation could not meet the required commercial demand. To overcome this, biotechnological approaches, such as plant tissue culture techniques have been established for the production of important secondary metabolites through various culture techniques, such as callus and cell suspension cultures and organ cultures, to allow for rapid propagation and conservation of medicinally important plants with increased production of bioactive compounds. It has been found that a bioreactor-based technology can also enhance the multiplication rate of cell and organ cultures for commercial propagation of medicinally important bioactive molecules. The present review focuses on the propagation and production of bacoside A by cell and organ cultures of Bacopa monnieri, a nootropic plant. The review also focuses on the biosynthesis of bacoside A, different elicitation strategies, and the over-expression of genes for the production of bacoside-A. It also identifies research gaps that need to be addressed in future studies for the sustainable production of bioactive molecules from B. monnieri. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Sudheer W.N.; Thiruvengadam M.; Nagella P.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Vol-43, No. 6, pp. 956-970.
ISSN: 7388551; PubMed ID: 35819370; CODEN: CRBTE
Sudheer W.N., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Thiruvengadam M., Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India