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Delayed in sensorimotor reflex ontogeny, slow physical growth, and impairments in behaviour as well as dopaminergic neuronal death in mice offspring following prenatally rotenone administration
The environment is varying day by day with the introduction of chemicals such as pesticides, most of which have not been effectively studied for their influence on a susceptible group of population involving infants and pregnant females. Rotenone is an organic pesticide used to prepare Parkinson's disease models. A lot of literature is available on the toxicity of rotenone on the adult brain, but to the best of our knowledge, effect of rotenone on prenatally exposed mice has never been investigated yet. Therefore, the recent work aims to evaluate the toxic effect of rotenone on mice, exposed prenatally. We exposed female mice to rotenone at the dose of 5mg/Kg b.w. throughout the gestational period with oral gavage. We then investigated the effects of rotenone on neonate's central nervous systems as well as on postnatal day (PD) 35 offspring. In the rotenone group, we observed slow physical growth, delays in physical milestones and sensorimotor reflex in neonates and induction of anxiety and impairment in cognitive performances of offspring at PD-35. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a marked reduction in TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra. Histological examination of the cerebellum revealed a decrease in Purkinje neurons in the rotenone exposed group as compared to the control. The data from the study showed that prenatally exposure to rotenone affects growth, physical milestones, neuronal population and behaviour of mice when indirectly exposed to the offspring through their mother. This study could provide a great contribution to researchers to find out the molecular mechanism and participating signalling pathway behind these outcomes. 2023 International Society for Developmental Neuroscience. -
Emotional Landscape of Social Media: Exploring Sentiment Patterns
Sentiment analysis, a pivotal research area, involves exploring emotions, attitudes, and evaluations prevalent in diverse public spheres. In the contemporary era, individuals extensively share their perspectives on various subjects through social media platforms. Twitter has emerged as a prominent microblogging site, facilitating users to express opinions and insights globally. However, disrespectful or unfair comments have prompted specific platforms to restrict user comments, highlighting the need to foster productive discourse on social media. This study addresses this imperative by analyzing sentiments using data from Twitter. This work employed various deep learning algorithms and methods to classify elements as negative or positive. The Sentiment140 dataset, sourced from Twitter, serves as the training data for the models to identify the most accurate classification approach. By delving into sentiment analysis on Twitter, the study contributes to a better understanding of the nuances of online expressions. It aims to enhance the overall quality of discourse in social media. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
A Lightweight Multi-Chaos-Based Image Encryption Scheme for IoT Networks
The swift development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has accelerated digitalization across several industries, offering networked applications in fields such as security, home automation, logistics, and quality control. The growth of connected devices, on the other hand, raises worries about data breaches and security hazards. Because of IoT devices' computational and energy limits, traditional cryptographic methods face issues. In this context, we emphasize the importance of our contribution to image encryption in IoT environments through the proposal of Multiple Map Chaos Based Image Encryption (MMCBIE), a novel method that leverages the power of multiple chaotic maps. MMCBIE uses multiple chaotic maps to construct a strong encryption framework that considers the inherent features of digital images. Our proposed method, MMCBIE, distinguishes itself by integrating multiple chaotic maps like Henon Chaotic Transform and 2D-Logistic Chaotic Transform in a novel combination, a unique approach that sets it apart from existing schemes. Compared to other chaotic-based encryption systems, this feature renders them practically indistinguishable from pure visual noise. Security evaluations and cryptanalysis confirm MMCBIE's high-level security properties, indicating its superiority over existing image encryption techniques. MMCBIE demonstrated superior performance with NPCR (Number of Pixel Changing Rate) score of 99.603, UACI (Unified Average Changing Intensity) score of 32.8828, MSE (Mean Square Error) score of 6625.4198, RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) score of 80.0063, PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) score of 10.2114, and other security analyses. 2013 IEEE. -
Balance of payment crisis in India: What the figure say
Volume 2, Issue 5, September-October 2013 -
Predictive Analytics for Network Traffic Management
It examines how this can be applied to monitoring network traffic and carrying out predictive analysis to improve the functionality and effectiveness of network management. The study uses historical data of the network traffics and uses machine learning techniques such as the Long Short Term Memory based models and the Ensemble Methods to predict the traffic patterns in the future. It includes data gathering, data pre-processing, feature selection, model choice, model training, model validation, and the architectural setup of the machine learning solution in a real-time stream processing pipeline using Apache Kafka and Apache Flink. It is evident from the results that the proposed models yield a high level of accuracy in terms of prediction and that the Ensemble method alone gives a slightly higher accuracy than LSTM in the specific metrics. Real-time values closely followed actual traffic level, thus allowing real-time adjustments in network usage. In light of this, there is a clear understanding of the significance of having reliable data preprocessing, feature engineering, and model optimization process. The study also notes the need in prediction concerning data quality and scalability issues taking into account that current and future networks are characterized as dynamic and highly complex to offer more effective solutions for intelligent and proactive networking. 2024 IEEE. -
Greenpreneurship pioneering solutions for climate change: An Indian perspective
In an era marked by pressing global climate challenges, the role of green entrepreneurship, or "greenpreneurship, " has gained paramount significance. The present chapter begins by elucidating the inherent connection between greenpreneurship and climate change, followed the contributions of the greenpreneurs appreciating their efforts to make a difference to the society. The chapter mentions certain skills and traits required by greenpreneurs to run their business. It states the challenges that the greenpreneurs face. The chapter then takes a dive into the realm of greenpreneurship from an Indian perspective. India, with its unique blend of environmental challenges and a burgeoning entrepreneurial ecosystem, presents an intriguing case study. The chapter illustrates how Indian greenpreneurs are contributing to a cleaner, greener future. It states the policies which the government has made to support greenpreneurs in the country. Finally, recommendations are given for existing greenpreneurs, budding entrepreneurs, the public, and the government to collectively drive green solutions. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Environmental cost of food wastage: Integrated response through a mix of environmental policy instruments
Food, when wasted, reaches landfills and emits greenhouse gases. The impact of greenhouse gases (GHGs), in turn, is felt by even those who do not waste food in the place. Externalities thus created are known to distort market efficiency and the most widely discussed externality is climate change. This study takes the case of United States of America (USA) to ascertain the GHGs resulting due to food wastage. The difference between cost per capita due to emissions from animal-based products and emissions from plant-based products comes out to be $122. In the year 1997 total GHG emission for the entire population of the USA due to food wastage was 401.98 billion kgCO2eq, costing the country 45.42 billion US dollars. Two decades later, in 2017, the food waste costs went up by 6 billion US dollars amounting to 51.14 billion US dollars and 452.64 billion kgCO2eq of GHG emissions The novelty of this research lies in highlighting the carbon footprints of food wastage in terms of GHG's and monetizing these emissions. The study proposes an integrated response through a mix of environmental policy instruments of economic incentives, command and control and moral suasion. 2023 ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
User Sentiment Analysis of Blockchain-Enabled Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading
A new way for the general public to consume and trade green energy has emerged with the introduction of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading platforms. Thus, how the peer-to-peer energy trading platform is designed is crucial to facilitating the trading experience for users. The data mining method will be used in this study to assess the elements affecting the P2P energy trading experience. The Natural Language Processing (NLP) approach will also be used in this study to evaluate the variables that affect the P2P energy trading experience and look at the role of topic modeling in the topic extraction using LDA. The findings show that the general public was more interested in the new technology and how the energy coin payment system operated during the trade process. This explanation of energy as a CC is an outlier that fits well with the conventional literature. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023. -
Digital Financial Inclusion: Strategic Issues and Imperatives
The present paper provides insights on digital financial inclusion. Digital financial inclusion means making financial services accessible through technology intervention, i.e. via internet, mobile network, cards, digital wallets, etc. The objective of digital financial inclusion is to bring underserved and financially excluded population under the formal banking network. As per Global Findex, Financial Inclusion (adults holding bank accounts) in India has increased from 35% in 2011 to 80% in 2017. Indeed, there has been a speedy improvement in the financial inclusion index, wherein the role of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PJDY) launched by the Government of India in 2014 has been phenomenal. Later, in the year 2016 demonetization further accelerated the process. Despite, all these concentrated efforts and policies a large section of the population still remains unbanked. With the rise in internet and smartphone users, there will be a significant increase in digital transactions in the coming years. To achieve full financial inclusion and to make the desired benefits reach unserved population there is a need to increase financial and digital literacy among masses. The paper starts with a discussion on Evolution of Digital Financial Inclusion (DFI) in India, followed by the benefits of DFI and challenges specific to India. It ends with some suggestions which can increase the pace of DFI in the country. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021. -
Resource Curse - Impact of Renewable Natural Resources on Economic Growth in the U.S. using ARDL Approach
The analyses of the resource paradox in the United States of 29 years are conducted by the econometric model of ARDL. The dataset taken for the study is from the source of World Bank. After testing the stationarity and cointegration of 4 independent variable and one dependent variables of Gross Domestic product, this study will be giving the conclusion of long term and short-term relations of the variables to show the existence of Resource curse in the US within the 29 years of dataset. Causation test shows that there doesn't exist any particular causal relations between the variables and hence there need to be thorough study in this phenomenon. 2024 IEEE. -
Characterization of Line-Cut Signed Graphs
A signed graphS= (Su, ?) consists of an underlying graph Su and a function ?: E(Su) ? { + , - }. For a graph G, its lict graph written as Lc(G) is the intersection graph ?(E(G) ? C(G)). For a signed graph S, its line-cutsigned graph (in short called lict signed graph) is denoted by Lc(S) has underlying graph Lc(Su) and two vertices u and v joint by negative edge if u and v both are negative adjacent edges of S or u is a negative edge incident to a cut-vertex v of negative degree odd in S and by positive edge otherwise, here C(S) is the set of cut-vertices of S. In this paper, we establish structural characterization of lict signed graphs Lc(S). 2020, The National Academy of Sciences, India. -
Linking Metacognition, Workplace Cognitive Competencies and Performance: An Integrative Review-Based Conceptual Framework
A key driver of workplace cognitive competencies is metacognition which has been shown to impact performance among nurses, teachers and firefighters, however, it is scarcely studied among managerial employees. The research investigating this relationship is also scattered across multiple domains limiting its utility for researchers and practitioners. This paper, therefore, presents an integrative review of the existing empirical literature from the Web of Science and Scopus database to trace the linkages of metacognition, workplace cognitive competencies and performance at work. The identified linkages are then formulated into a conceptual framework clarifying how various workplace cognitive competencies and performance may be linked to metacognition. The findings indicate linkages between metacognition and various workplace cognitive competencies such as problem-solving, decision-making, innovation, creativity and knowledge acquisition. The present research also establishes the link of metacognition and cognitive competencies with learning, individual and firm performance. The review paves way for metacognition to be considered as a distinct construct in the workplace, identifies gaps and provides direction for future research. Copyright 2022 The Author(s). -
Are Indian higher education institutions doing their bit towards empowerment of mid-career women?: A study of public and private universities in India
Gender diversity and empowerment of mid-career women in the workplace have rightfully gained importance over the last decade. However, there is a paucity of research pertaining to the position of mid-career women in higher education institutions (HEI) in India. The data suggest that while there has been an increase in the number of women in the academic sphere, yet there is a visible lack of women in the top academic leadership positions across Indian HEIs. This chapter explores the HR practices adopted by top public and private universities to support women's career progression. Using a mixed-method approach, the chapter identifies barriers to women 's growth in academia. And finally, the authors make suggestions for promoting female academicians by comparing existing practices to those practised in gender-equal countries across the globe. 2022, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
A Systematic Review of Green Apparel Manufacturing
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic review of the literature on green manufacturing practices in the apparel industry to map green practices across various apparel manufacturing departments. The review includes academic journal articles that were retrieved between March 2013 and March 2023 from several different databases. As part of a comprehensive literature assessment, content analysis was applied to 138 publications that were published in peer-reviewed journals over ten years. Green practices in garment manufacturing process are covered, including product design, raw material procurement, fabric spreading, cutting, sewing and assembly, washing, printing and embroidery, finishing, and packing. The review of eco-friendly production practices at each phase of the production process shows the variety and complexity of green practices in apparel production companies. However, there is a lack of research on the conditions of developing countries, where the majority of apparel production takes place, as well as on the methods used in the manufacture of garments. The study is distinct in that it focuses solely on the garment manufacturing industry, and will not include textiles because the production processes for textiles and clothing are fundamentally different. This study assists managers in building a companys sustainability competency by outlining best practices at various phases of production. It also provides scholars with a uniform representation of environmentally sustainable practices to spur additional scholarly investigation. 2023, Kauno Technologijos Universitetas. All rights reserved. -
Green Manufacturing and Performances in Apparel Export Industry: Mediating Role of Green Innovation
Implementing green manufacturing in the production process of garment export-oriented enterprises not only contributes to environmental well-being but also enhances competitiveness in the global market and boosts overall company performance. Furthermore, it is critical to take immediate action to improve sustainable production levels via green innovation. This study aims to investigate the impact of green manufacturing on operational performance, environmental performance, and economic performance in the apparel manufacturing export industry. The study also investigates the mediating role of green innovation as a mediator between the green manufacturing and types of performances. A survey method is used to collect data from 123 garment export units, and structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to analyze the results. This study delivers empirical evidence of the impact of the imple-mentation of green manufacturing on green innovation and economic performance. Moreover, green innovation has a significant impact on economic performance and environmental performance. The results signify that green innovation partially mediates green manufacturing and economic performance. Green innovation fully mediates green manufacturing and environmental performance, and also green manufacturing and operational performance. This study is unique in its focus on the use of green manufacturing and green innovation in garment export production units. It provides insights into how these green practices might improve firm performance and the environment. 2024, Kauno Technologijos Universitetas. All rights reserved. -
Globalisation, Privacy, and Data Protection A Glimpse of Changing Contours from a Human Rights Perspective
Though the union government made efforts to protect the data of individuals with the introduction of the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019 and subsequently with the enactment of the Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, there are various lacunae which still need to be resolved. Against this background, the right to privacy and data protection in a globalised world is discussed, along with the need to bring about reforms for the effective implementation and protection of the same. 2023 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
Future Technology and Labour - Are we Heading Towards a Jobless Future?
Technological innovations and the invention of machines powered by Artificial intelligence2have changed the way we work, interact and carry on our everyday lives. Automation wave has revolutionized the manner in which the traditional manufacturing and service-oriented industries are functioning today. The first industrial revolution was triggered with the invention of steam engine and also led to mechanical production. The invention of electricity and assembly lines resulted in the second industrial revolution where mass production became feasible. The third industrial revolution was driven by computer, digital technology and the internet. The future technologies have resulted in the fourth industrial revolution. The new age technological innovations and inventions such as the automated robots; big data and analytics; augmented reality; the cloud; cyber security; additive manufacturing; horizontal and vertical integration; the internet of things are transforming industrial production and labour relations. There is a drastic improvement in the entire chain of production ranging from design up to productivity, the speed and the quality at which the goods are produced. As a result of the new age technologies various concerns are raised especially its impact on the employment. Many labourers are rendered unemployed and redundant due to automation. The question that arises is whether we are approaching a jobless future?? The job market in India is also undergoing a transformation and posing many social, economic, legal and ethical challenges. Job structure is changing and the workers need to equip themselves with new skills to fit into the new jobs that are emerging as a result of technological innovation. The education system in any country plays a pivotal role in the overall development of an economy as it caters to the needs of the trained and skilled manpower. It is vital for the education system in the country to re-orient itself to cater to the needs of the students to fit into the changing paradigm. The focus of the education needs to be on imparting life-skills and to improve the thinking, problem-solving and decision-making ability of the individuals in a society. In the light of the above, it is also important to address and discuss the various changes, issues and challenges that are taking place in the labour market including the impact of these technologies on the working hours, wages, the working environment and the labour relations amongst others. 2019, Department of Law, University of North Bengal. All rights reserved. -
Regulation of cryptocurrency: An Indian perspective
Cryptocurrency is a currency created and held electronically in the virtual world. In the absence of a proper legal framework, cryptocurrencies are unregulated in many countries, including India. This article attempts to delve into the concept of cryptocurrency and the issues and challenges they face. It also discusses the current legal and regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies in India and offer suggestions for their better regulation. 2021 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
Decoding Cognitive Control and Cognitive Flexibility as Concomitants for Experiential Avoidance in Social Anxiety
Background and objectives: Avoidance is regarded as a central hallmark of social anxiety. Experiential avoidance is perilous for social anxiety, specifically among university students (young adults). Additionally, cognitive control and cognitive flexibility are crucial components of executive functions for a fulfilling and healthy lifestyle. The current research is a modest attempt to understand how cognitive flexibility and cognitive control affect the emergence of experiential avoidance in social anxiety in young adults. Methods: Using an ex-post facto design, the Social Phobia Inventory was employed to screen university students with social anxiety based on which one hundred and ninety-five were identified. Thereafter, participants completed the standardized measures on experiential avoidance, cognitive control and cognitive flexibility. Results: A stepwise multiple regression analysis was computed wherein the cognitive control predicts an amount of 5% of variance towards experiential avoidance, whereas a 10% of additional variance has been contributed by cognitive flexibility. Interpretation and Conclusions: The statistical outcome indicated that cognitive control is positively associated with experiential avoidance which is a negative correlate to cognitive flexibility among university students. Both also emerged as significant predictors of experiential avoidance and add a cumulative variance of 15% towards the same. This conclusion supports the need for improved and efficient management techniques in counseling and clinical settings. The Author(s) 2024. -
An Econometric Approach Towards Exploring the Impact of Workers Remittances on Inflation: Empirical Evidence from India
This paper attempts to study short and long run impact of increased workers remittances on general price level. It uses the real GDP growth, real effective exchange rate (REER), M3 (broad money), fiscal deficit to gauge the impact of foreign remittances on inflation. The study makes use of VAR/VECM framework to gauge the impact of workers remittances on inflation. Inflation is measured in terms of CPI and WPI, real income or GDP at constant prices is taken as a measure of GDP growth, REER is used for exchange rates and M3 is taken as a proxy for money supply. Monthly data of all these variables has been taken from Bloomberg and World Bank data base. The findings provide important insights into the nature of association between remittances and inflation suggesting causality between inflation, remittances, real GDP, real effective exchange rates and money supply due to increased workers remittances. The findings have policy implications for decisions to channelize workers remittances in a way to increase real GDP growth and money supply while at the same time not causing the general price levels to soar. The present study focuses on how increased (decreased) workers remittances is leading to increase (decrease) in general price levels in India. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.