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Exploring the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention among college students in India
This study investigated the effectiveness of an eight-week mindfulness-based intervention program on the trait mindfulness, psychological well-being and emotion regulation of college-going students. The experimental group participants were college-going students (N = 40) who enrolled for the intervention, and the participants in the control group (N = 40) were interested in the intervention and considered as a wait-list control group. The experimental group underwent mindfulness-based interventions, which included 1112 sessions, including brief exercises and meditations related to their trait mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being. They received 23h of training per week for eight weeks. Repeated Measures of ANOVA together with an independent sample t-test were used to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention programme. Further, Cohens d was used to calculate the effect size to explain the variance caused by the intervention program in trait mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being. The results indicated that students significantly improved in their trait mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being after receiving mindfulness training. In conclusion, the application of this eight-week mindfulness-based intervention sheds light on the common psychological issues confronted by college students in India, presenting itself as an advantageous tool for the professionals working in this field and offering positive effects on the overall well-being of college students. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Further studies on chromatic completion of graphs
The chromatic completion graph of G with respect to a proper vertex coloring c of G, denoted by Gc?, is the graph obtained by adding all possible edges to G without violating the proper coloring protocol. The maximum number of edges added to G to obtain the chromatic completion graph is the chromatic completion number ??(G). Equitable chromatic completion graph Ge? of a graph G and equitable chromatic completion number ??e(G) are the equitable analogues of Gc? and ??(G), respectively. In this paper, we present various structural aspects of chromatic completion graphs and equitable chromatic completion graphs. Also, the chromatic completion and the related parameter are described in terms of adjacency matrix and color matrix of graphs. The equitable chromatic completion graph is shown to be a Tur graph. More relevantly, we obtained the equitable chromatic completion number of an arbitrary graph G. World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Static Analysis and Machine Learning for Runtime Library Detection in Linux Binaries
The upsurge of malware targeting Internet of Things (IoT) devices demands effective approaches. This work announces a new method, stimulated by MANTILLA, which influences machine learning models. Through a prominence on architecture-independent characteristics from binary procedures, the system progresses its competence to differentiate among several libraries as well as architectures. Classification accuracy is further enhanced by employing a majority voting technique such that the output of the model is robust and reliable. Besides the machine learning-based classification, the paper incorporates a malware detection module based on signature matching. This two-pronged approach enables the system to cross-check discovered runtime libraries against a large database of pre-collected malware signatures. By marking possible security threats according to this comparison, the system greatly increases its ability to identify malicious binaries, thus offering an added layer of security for IoT devices. This unification of detection and classification mechanisms plays an important role in dealing with the changing nature of malware threats. Although encouraging results were obtained through this project, more evaluation should be done for comparison of the efficiency of KNN with other models, for example, Random Forest. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Enhanced Detection of Malicious URLs Using Supervised Machine Learning Models
This paper deliberates on URL phishing, one important subset of cyber threats. Most modern-day deceptive practices have shifted to the digital space due to the vast scope of information available on the internet. URL phishing is a dishonest practice that includes masquerading harmful links as legitimate links to trick users into sharing their private data. Detection of URL phishing is extremely challenging, hence most of these attacks go undetected until it is too late for the victim. Automatic blacklist that rely heavily on user-generated reports to monitor internet links have been repeatedly proven ineffective time and again. Along with failing to identify newly listed phishing sites, these systems also tend to mistake harmless links for phishing traps. This paper proposes the application of classification techniques of practical machine learning, specifically analysing the patterns and behaviours of URLs to detect phishing websites accurately. Leveraging the properties of Decision Trees, Random Forests, Logistic Regression, SVM, and Light GBM, we were able to come up with a detection model, which precisely calculates accuracy, precision, recall, as well as F1 score to evaluate the validity of URL classification. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Transitioning from anthropocene to anthropause? A study of the consumer behavioural shifts in the hospitality sector
The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the human race to transition from anthropocene to anthropause philosophy. Against this backdrop, the term "anthropause" describes the abrupt and intentional cessation of regular human activities caused by the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The human response to this global health crisis has massively affected and altered human behaviour. The pandemic had an enormous impact with a sudden halt in the global human mobility phenomenon, and businesses were pushed to cater to altered consumption patterns. Hospitality is one such sector that has been impacted immensely. The study examines the key factors influencing consumer behaviour in the hospitality industry during the post-pandemic times. The study can be classified as conceptual research and would assess the theoretical underpinnings of the studies focusing on altered consumer behaviour. The chapter would also lead to a critical discussion on the transformation of consumption behaviour in the aftermath of this outbreak. Thematic content analysis of the data collected through the review of critical works in the domain of hospitality management has been triangulated with the authors' reflections to reach a consensual position. This work would also focus on understanding the theoretical standpoint of the researchers about the various stages of evolution in consumer behaviour in the field of hospitality businesses. Lastly, this conceptual study aims to analyse the current trends and future directions in consumer behaviour with particular reference to hospitality businesses. As post-pandemic consumer behaviour is still evolving, the present chapter would help trigger a broader discussion within academia and practitioners of hospitality businesses. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved. -
Digital nomads: redefining tourism success or complicating destination challenges
The COVID-19 pandemic hastened the distant work revolution and gave rise to a distinct consumer group called digital nomads. Digital nomads, which include independent contractors, self-employed people, and people who have escaped the confines of the office, have the ability to work from home while travelling both domestically and abroad. However, there are worries that the rise of the digital nomad could worsen already problematic travel issues like overtourism. The purpose of this study is to conceptually analyse the effects of digital nomads on tourist locations by reviewing existing literature and recent reports. Understanding the effects of digital nomadism is essential in a world where popular places battle overtourism. With its main arguments nestled within the critical literature review, the study can be categorized as a viewpoint paper. The study also draws important inspiration from the grey literature because the subject is current. The Editors and Contributors Severally 2024. -
Internet of Senses: immersive eating and traversing into the metaverse
[No abstract available] -
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus: An Applied Bioanalytical Perspective
Tinnitus affects 1015% of adults worldwide, with 23% experiencing severe and chronic symptoms that impair quality of life. Conventional treatments often provide limited long-term relief, while Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has emerged as an evidence-based intervention. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of CBT for tinnitus through an integrated psychometric and bioanalytical approach. A total of 100 participants were randomized into a CBT group (n = 50) and a waitlist control group (n = 50). The CBT program consisted of 12 weekly sessions delivered over 12 weeks. Psychometric assessments included the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and WHOQOL-BREF. Bioanalytical measures comprised functional MRI, EEG, salivary cortisol, heart rate variability (HRV), and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-?). The CBT group achieved a 45% reduction in THI scores (58.4 9.2 to 32.1 8.5), while the control group showed only a 5% change. Anxiety and depression scores decreased by 42% and 40%, respectively, and sleep quality improved by 38%. Morning cortisol increased by 48%, HRV improved by 38%, and inflammatory cytokines decreased significantly (IL-6: ?26%; TNF-?: ?19%). Neuroimaging and EEG findings confirmed reduced auditory cortex hyperactivity and abnormal connectivity. These results demonstrate that CBT not only alleviates tinnitus distress but also induces measurable neurophysiological and systemic changes, reinforcing its role as a cornerstone of evidence-based tinnitus management. 2025, Green Publication. All rights reserved. -
Decolonizing the Mind: Invoking the Vernacular Experience in a Postcolonial Language Classroom
This chapter attempts to understand the teaching-learning practices, programmes, courses, and pedagogies of an English department that recently co-opted cultural studies as a means of decolonisation in a private university in India to understand how cultural diversity, learner diversity, teacher experiences, and learner interests became considered factors in language learning pedagogies and selection of learning content. The research will employ mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative techniques of course content analysis, student interviews to gauge the impact of the learning on the decolonisation process, teacher interviews to understand approaches to task design, and the intended outcome and the strategies and perception changes in material production and task development when the learning shifted to the online mode as a result of the pandemic disruption. 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Topophilia in Transition: KeralasSacred Landscapes and Smart CityDevelopment
The rise of smart cities in India presents a complex phenomenon and a significant challenge for the preservation of sacred landscapes. To address thisthe chapterproposes Smart Theology as a conceptual framework that integratesecological ethics and cultural resilience with digital innovation. This approach is examined through fieldwork in Keralas kavussacred sites reflecting Indigenous ecological knowledge and ritual practicefunded by the Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT), Government of India. Digital interventions includingGIS, Virtual Reality, and community-driven tools serve as a vital bridge mediating the tension between cultural legacy and urban innovation. By investigating these applications the study demonstrates how technology facilitate inclusive preservation while maintaining the spiritual essence of sacred landscapes. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Glucose-Urea-Choline chloride: a versatile catalyst and solvent for the Kabachnik-Fields reaction
Kabachnik-fields reaction is a multi-component organic reaction that gives ?-aminophosphonates as products. The reaction between a carbonyl group, an amine, and amino phosphonates is noteworthy due to their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-cancer, and analgesic characteristics. Low melting mixtures are also good alternatives for toxic catalysts and organic solvents. The use of organic solvent can be reduced in the Kabachnik-fields reaction by using low melting mixtures as a reaction media and catalyst. This method is cost-effective and safe. A practical synthesis of different derivatives of dialkylphosphonates was conducted. The solvent/catalyst is also easily recyclable. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
A Penalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation for the Log-Logistic Distribution with Complete Data
Penalized maximum likelihood estimation is specified for estimating parameters of a log-logistic distribution for complete-data situations. This approach addresses the issues of Maximum Likelihood Estimation, wherein Maximum Likelihood Estimation is often unstable when sample sizes are small, and fails with heavy-tailed or asymmetric data. By adding a ridge penalty to the log-likelihood, we derive new score equations, which are solved numerically. The performance is measured for a variety of shape and scale parameters and sample sizes, with bias and Mean Squared Error as the two main measures. The simulation experiment results indicate Penalized maximum likelihood estimation consistently achieves lower bias and Mean Square Error with small sample sizes and particularly strong improvements under skewed or heavy-tailed data. With larger sample size, the differences between Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Penalized maximum likelihood estimation decrease, as we would expect. These results suggest that Penalized maximum likelihood estimation is a viable estimation method using the log-logistic distribution, especially with small or limited datasets. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026. -
Importance of Sustainable Marketing Initiatives for Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals
Businesses that engage in sustainable marketing can benefit both the world and their bottom line. Earlier, companies could satisfy many customers by simply providing low pricing and high-quality goods. However, peoples concern for the environment and other social concerns have grown, and so has their desire to support groups that share their beliefs. Because they often generate strong market returns and demonstrate durability during economic downturns, many investors want to support businesses that use sustainable business methods. Also, these businesses are more likely to comply with social and environmental laws. Several companies use sustainable marketing to succeed in todays ethical and ecologically sensitive marketplace. Organizations must finance sustainability programs in order to practice sustainable marketing. But, it can also improve employee engagement, promote regulatory compliance, raise revenues, and build brand loyalty. 2023 by IGI Global. -
Sensitization of university students in supporting underprivileged children
Education is the fundamental right of every child and an essential element of human growth. Indian education is divided into two parts: private and government education. Underprivileged children, affected by socio-economic factors, predominantly choose government education. Government primary educational institutions have failed to cope with the requirements of the corporate world. On the other hand, the students studying in private higher educational institutions seldom think of the challenges that socio-economically underprivileged children face. Genesys is the forum that unites these socio-economically underprivileged children with students at Christ University. Teaching and training disadvantaged children are the social responsibilities of young people, especially those in higher education. Each student should teach at least one person to make it a win-win situation for both learner and trainer. It helps University students build social skills and provides them with the opportunity to become part of the nation-building process. The chapter employed the quantitative study method to analyze the students' perception of teaching underprivileged children and how demographic variables impact it. It also identified the factors influencing the student's academic performance and psychological well-being. The study found that the students gained different skills like interpersonal skills, adaptability, teaching skills, and happiness, and these skills positively impacted their academic performance and psychological wellbeing. The expected outcome of the program supported by the university is to develop a win-win model for both University students and schoolchildren from low-income groups in society 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT: A KEY DRIVER FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Purpose: This chapter explores the two major schemes applicable to skill development in India: Skill Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP) and Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY). Need for the Study: The primary objective of this research is to check the role of these schemes in enhancing the skills of socio-economically stressed community members for their livelihoods. The secondary aim is to analyse the outcomes of these schemes through a qualitative inquiry. Methodology: A survey was conducted, and the data was collected from trainees of the skill development programmes. Based on the responses, a qualitative content analysis was performed, which showed that most trainees have the thirst and urge to enhance their life skills for a minimalistic livelihood. Findings: The study concluded that though there are many schemes, only PMKVY is active. They focus on more than just youth communities. Instead, they consider individuals in different age categories. Practical Implications: The Government of India (GOI) is progressing towards a healthy economy to compete with other countries. For this mission to be achieved, skill and labour development is paramount. Appropriate training must be provided and administrated through government schemes. 2024 by P. S. Anuradha, L. Mynavathi and M. Anand Shankar Raja Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Intelligence in Children Whose Either Parent Is Treated For Schizophrenia.
G.J.B.A.H.S.,Vol.2(4):119-123- October- December ISSN: 2319-5584 -
Social media addiction, culture code and mediation effect of mindfulness: A structural equation modelling access
This study has been initiated with a view to understand the social media addiction and its influence on culture codes a mediation effect of mindfulness. The social media addiction would be a very common problem in the social and the organizational set up. The employees are getting distracted easily because of social media addiction. The organisations are taking much action to rectify this problem but end up with the talent lose because the employees are ready to quit the job when they are not allowed to use social media in the organisation. It has been an inevitable problem for the organisations so many techniques have been initiated in order to solve this problem. Many studies are concentrating on mindfulness which is a tool to remove the distractions and to be a focused employee in the organisation. The social media addiction many a times create a toxic culture among the employees. It needs a high attention to be cured. The employee relationship are highly under stake when they are social media addict. This study would attempt to understand the empirical evidence on this relationship by examining the association among addiction in social media and its effect on culture code and mediating role of mindfulness. This study also concentrates on the moderating role of gender on the proposed model. BEIESP. -
The Effectiveness of Micro Finance Institutions on Socio-Economic Development of Women in Karnataka
International Journal of Research in Commerce, Economics & Management, Vol-2 (11), pp. 74-77. ISSN-2231-4245 -
Machine Learning Base Model for Waste Management
Waste management is an important global challenge, where increasing urbanization and industrialization lead to high waste production. Traditional waste landfill methods, including manual sorting and fixed collection plans often result in disabilities, increased costs, and environmental decline. Integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in waste management systems provides a transformative approach to solve these problems. This chapter examines the role of ML in automatic waste sorting, future indication analysis, collection passport optimization, and converting wasteto-energy. Case studies from Singapore, San Francisco, and large waste management companies highlight MLs real-world applications to create smart and more sustainable waste management systems. Singapores AIoperated system and San Franciscos policy-based waste management models show MLs ability to adapt to comparative analysis resources and reduce landfill addiction. The findings show that AI-controlled waste management leads to high recycling speeds, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and more efficient resource allocation. Despite challenges such as high implementation costs, regulatory concerns, and privacy problems, the future of waste management lies in AI-operated automation, blockchain integration for waste tracking, and AI-cleaned waste solutions. 2025 River Publishers.