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IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION AND CHANGING CONSUMER PREFERENCES AND CHOICES ON VIRTUAL SHOPPING OF RETAIL SECTOR IN BANGALORE
Purpose: This investigation covers the impact of digitalization on consumer behavior and their choices of virtual shopping in the retail sector of Bangalore. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The introduction section covers the research background and its aim and objectives. Apart from that, the research rationale and significance are also enabled in this section's literature review. That theory is associated with the impact of digitalization, which changes consumer preferences and choices in virtual shopping. This focuses on changing consumer preferences and options in the retail sector, specifically in the Bangalore area. Digital marketing theory and Kotler theory are used in these chapters to understand better the reason for consumer preferences and choices in virtual shopping. It also conveys the research methods where positivism research philosophy was used, and the researcher also uses descriptive research design to reach the aims and objectives. Secondary data collection methods were used to collect reliable data per the chosen topic. In this section, inclusion and exclusion criteria are also mentioned, which are associated with the investigation Findings:Both qualitative and quantitative data are used to analyze the importance of offline shopping among the people of Bangalore. It is to explore that most consumers prefer to do online shopping by staying at home Originality/value:Offline shopping in the Bangalore area: Most people in the Bangalore area prefer to bring their Essentials through offline shopping. It is recommended that companies formulating this virtual shopping introduce their product with relevant details and descriptions. Research limitations: Limitations were found at the time of selecting relevant journals and articles. Some journals need authentic access, so data cannot be analyzed from these articles Social implications :The use of virtual platforms can effectively judge the demands and the preferences of the consumers. Moreover, various retail sectors can perform well by virtual shopping within their industry. 2022 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Impact of domestic investment, market size, and trade openness on outward fdi: A panel data analysis on brics
The recent phenomenal increase in the outward foreign direct investment (FDI) of emerging countries has raised concerns among policymakers. One school of thought argues that when multinational firms relocate production facilities abroad, it reduces the likelihood of concurrent investments in the home country, resulting in reduced domestic output. In this case, the outward FDI would harm the domestic investments. The other argues that the outward FDI would be more advantageous for the domestic investment when firms internationalize for entering into new markets and/or to import intermediate goods, wherein outward investments boost the returns in the home country, leading to a positive impact of outward FDI on domestic investment. The influence of the outward FDI on the domestic investment of any country or a region state cannot be generalized as each country is unique, and the drivers of investments would differ for different countries at the different development phases of each country. An attempt was made in this study to empirically trace the impact of the domestic investment, market size, and trade openness of the BRICS's members on the BRICS's outward FDI as a group. The results of the panel least square method highlighted that the variables - domestic investment and trade openness of BRICS had a positive effect on the outward FDI; whereas, the market size of BRICS was inversely related to outward FDI of BRICS. The data were tested for stationarity and Hausman test validated the results. 2019, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Impact of dynamic pricing and driver behavior on service quality in ride-hailing operations: a study of Bangalores urban dynamics
Purpose The study evaluates the influence of the dynamic pricing factors, price transparency, seasonality and driver behavior on the ride-hailing services perceived quality. While many technological changes are detected in the service, dissatisfaction continues to persist between customers about prices surging higher and dangerous practices of driving in the service. Design/methodology/approach In the context of an urban area such as Bangalore, service quality and customer satisfaction are mostly a result of dynamic pricing and driver behavior. In order to better understand the associations in these relations, the study utilizes PLS-SEM in quantitative. Findings The study identifies the user-ride-hailing survey key service quality drivers reliability, comfort, responsiveness and safety. Although the results indicate that dynamic pricing can successfully manage demand, this is contingent on whether it is implemented in a transparent manner and with a sense of equity perceived by customers. Driver professionalism is the important variable that strengthens or weakens the effect of pricing policies on customer satisfaction. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the expanding body of knowledge on urban mobility and provides actionable insights for improving ride-hailing operations in developing economies. Practical implications Implications to industrial stakeholders entail reorienting in driver training and refining algorithms and strategies about dynamic pricing that boost customer trust and loyalty. Originality/value This is one of the few studies that explore the dynamics of urban mobility from developing countries perspective like India. 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited -
Impact of e-commerce on India's exports and investment
E-commerce has become an important mode of trade, both domestically and internationally. E-commerce provides a platform for exchange of goods and services and thus directly alters the cost of trade and profits of firms, while simultaneously, generates a demand for a different set of skilled managers and creates opportunities for increasing investment and thereby affects the volume of domestic and international trade and in-turn affects the overall level of output and employment in an economy. There are empirical evidences on how certain developed countries like UK, USA, earlier, and lately developing countries like China, have leveraged e-commerce to enhance international trade. This paper attempts to contribute to the literature by studying the impact of e-commerce on India's international trade, especially exports, and investment which in-turn impact the level of output/gross domestic product (GDP) and employment in the country. Copyright 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Impact of Endothelial Cell Repair Mechanisms on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy: Exploring Molecular Docking and Simulation studies of Angiogenic Factors
Doxorubicin (Dox), despite being an effective anti-cancer drug, also causes cytotoxicity to noncancerous tissues. ECs are highly abundant in the heart; thus, endothelial dysfunction is a major cause of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. The release of EPCs triggered by endothelial dysfunction, participates in the growth of new blood vessels and the repair of damaged endothelium to promote repair mechanism. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of doxorubicin on SDF1/CXCR4 pathway via in silico molecular docking and simulation studies. Remarkably, heparin binding site of SDF1at LEU: 29 might be preoccupied by doxorubicin leads to poor expression because SDF1 activity heavily depends on its binding sites. On the other hand, active sites of CXCR4 at ASP: 171 and GLU: 288 also engaged by dox, leading to the assumption that doxorubicin restrict the receptor activity. Additionally, the interaction of doxorubicin at the proton acceptor site and ATP binding sites of VEGFR1, including ASP: 1022, GLY: 836, ALE: 837 and PHE: 838, suppresses the function of the receptor in the MAPK1/ERK2 and AKT1 signaling cascades. The co-expressing factor involved in SDF1/CXCR4 like VEGFR2, ANGPT1 and SHIP2 were also affected by specific amino acid interactions. This induces alterations in several vital biochemical pathways, leading to metabolic chaos. Taken together, it is hypothesize that doxorubicin-mediated functional inactivity of SDF1 via its receptor CXCR4 and VEGFR1 impaired the cardiac EPCs regulation on angiogenesis and vascularization. (2025), (DergiPark). All rights reserved. -
Impact of Environmental Studies on Sustainable Consumption Among the Students: A Study from Indian Higher Education Institutions
This research investigates the impact of compulsory university courses focusing on sustainability on students attitudes and behaviors towards responsible consumption. The study seeks to determine how education impacts sustainable decision-making by analyzing students consumption habits both before and after they enroll in these courses. The study based on descriptive nature, as per convenience sampling method the required data are collected from 220 students enrolled under graduate programme offered by colleges affiliated to Bangalore University. The structure questionnaire constructed with six EALEnvironmental Awareness Level; PHWBPersonal health and wellbeing; SR-Social responsibility; PVIPersonal value and identity; ICInnovation and creativity; EB-Economic Benefits and these dimension analyzed with help of correlation matrix. Based on the analysis of six dimensions of green consumption the findings indicate that the courses significantly influenced students inclination towards sustainable consumption, suggesting the potential for educational initiatives to drive positive change. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Impact of ESG Factors on the Financial Performance of Corporates in India
This study investigates the connection between Indian companies' financial results and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, with a focus on socially and environmentally sensitive industries. There is little data on the financial effects of ESG integration in developing nations like India, even though it is becoming more and more crucial for long- term value development. Using a quantitative approach involving ESG ratings and financial indicators (Return on Equity [ROE], Return on Assets [ROA], and Return on Capital Employed [ROCE]) we analyze the performance of firms from 2021 to 2023 in five different sectors. Among the pillars, environmental issues had the most significant effect on material financial success, showing a positive but weak correlation with ESG scores. However, the study also investigates into sectoral distinctions, pointing to differential financial outcomes associated with ESG across industries. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Impact of ESG Index on the Stock Return: Empirical Evidence from CRIP Sector
In modern times, investment decisions are significantly influenced by a range of metrics. One widely embraced investment strategy in both developed and developing economies is investment through analysing Environmental, Social Responsibility, and Governance (ESG) factors. Investors rely on ESG scores as a valuable resource to pinpoint companies that are more likely to maintain their growth trajectory while reducing the possibility of encountering negative occurrences such as legal complications, controversies, and unfavourable public attention. This, in turn, facilitates more effective risk management and enhances returns on investment. However, the influence of ESG factors on stock returns within the Construction, Real Estate, Infrastructure, and Project (CRIP) sector is relatively limited. Consequently, the main aim of this study is to assess how ESG aspects influence the returns of stocks in companies operating in the CRIP sector. To conduct this analysis, we employed the Crisil ESG database, which provides comprehensive data on ESG metrics and stock returns. A sample containing 35 companies from the CRIP industry was meticulously chosen for investigation. To quantify the influence of ESG aspects on stock returns within the CRIP sector, a Fixed Effect Panel Regression Model was applied. The study results suggest a favourable and considerable relationship of ESG ratings on the closing stock price. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates a large and beneficial influence of ESG ratings on stock returns. These results contain substantial implications for investors and stakeholders having a vested interest in making well-informed investment choices within the CRIP industry. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Impact of ESG Practices on the Firm's Performance: A Longitudinal Study on Emerging Markets
This study investigated the relationship between business performance in emerging markets (BICS countries) and ESG disclosure scores. Overall, it did not find any correlation between different performance indicators and ESG scores. It's interesting to see that higher overall ESG scores were linked to greater share prices and earnings per share (EPS). This implies that businesses with robust ESG policies may ultimately perform better than others. The study emphasises how ESG may help create value and support sustainable corporate success in emerging markets. It highlights how crucial ESG is to investors, companies, and legislators. 2024 IEEE. -
Impact of Expert Academic Teaching Quality and its Performance Based on BiLSTM-Deep CNN Network
Undergraduate and postgraduate students from eight different departments at a UK institution participated in organized conversations about the impact of teachers' research activities on their education. In both samples, positive responses greatly outnumbered negative ones. There was an increase in positive feedback on professors' research when the overall quantity and quality of research in a specific field (as measured by Research Assessment Exercise [RAE] ratings) improved. Undergraduate samples with higher RAE scores were more likely to have negative feedback on research than graduate student samples. Both graduate and undergraduate students agreed that lecturers' research increased the instructor's credibility, relevance, and knowledge, as well as piqued and maintained their own interest, engagement, and drive. Data processing, feature selection, and model training are the first steps in the proposed approach. The data are changed from their raw form into a form suitable for academic use during the data pre-processing phase. They are employing Information Gain and Symmetric Uncertainty for feature selection. Following the feature selection process, the models are trained using BiLSTM-CNN. Both the BiLSTM and the CNN methods are inferior to the proposed method. 2023 IEEE. -
Impact of Financial Literacy and Behavioural Biases on Investment Decision-making
Investors financial literacy entails making sound investment decisions and the behavioural biases or irrational behaviour in decision-making that are collectively formed by heuristic bias, framing effect, cognitive illusions and herd mentality factors. The present study examines the combined impact of financial literacy and behavioural biases on investment decisions. A questionnaire was developed using Likert scaling technique to elicit study variables and collected data was analysed using SEM technique. The results showed that heuristic bias had a significant positive association with the creation of behavioural bias in decision-making. However, the framing effect, cognitive illusions and herd mentality have negative associations in the formation of behavioural biases. Further, investors often practice and follow heuristic biases rather than other irrational techniques for making investment decisions. Therefore, the financial literacy of individual investors has a significant impact on affecting stock market investment decisions. 2021 Fortune Institute of International Business. -
Impact of financial literacy on investment behavior and consumption behaviour of middle-class families in Karnataka, India
Financial Literacy is an inevitable parameter in the current competitive society. The process of financial literacy is to make people aware about safe savings and other investment products available. This improved awareness will lead to better financial behaviour in terms of saving, budgeting and availing the credit wisely at cheaper cost. In tune with that, an attempt has been made in this paper to measure the impact of financial literacy on investment behavior and consumption behavior of middle-class families in Karnataka. Structured questionnaire is used to collect the data from 444 respondents. Stratified random sampling method is adopted.Confirmatory factor analysis is used to verify the model, and hypothesized relation is tested by applying the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to find the goodness of fit. The study resulted in that financial literacy has an impact on investment behavior and consumption behavior of the middle-class families in Karnataka. However, investment behavior is not influencing the consumption behavior of an individual and vice versa. 2019 SERSC. -
Impact of financial literacy on savings behavior: the moderation role of risk aversion and financial confidence
This research examines the impact of financial literacy on the savings behavior of investors residing in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. It also investigates the moderating impact of financial confidence and risk aversion in the relationship between financial literacy and savings behavior. The primary data were collected from 357 respondents through a structured questionnaire using the snowball sampling method. The findings of this study suggest that financial literacy has a positive impact on investors' savings behavior. Further, the study also found that risk aversion significantly moderates the relationship between financial literacy and savings behavior. The three-way interaction between financial literacy, risk aversion, and financial confidence significantly affects the investors savings behavior. The study suggests that policymakers should emphasize training programs for investors on financial literacy, financial confidence, and risk aversion. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2024. -
Impact of fine-tuning large language model in society: a comprehensive study
The fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) with key innovations in neural architectures, particularly with the transformer. The recent advancements of LLM have witnessed that models like bidirectional encoder representations from transformer (BERT), generative pretrained transformer (GPT)-2, GPT-3, and text-to-text transfer transformer (T5) show outstanding performance in understanding and generating human-like text at scale. Researchers use fine-tuned models to excel in their responses to specific tasks or domains. The purpose of fine-tuning the LLM models is to improve the performance of LLM in special fields such as education, research, literature summarization, contract analysis, and creative content generation. Fine-tuning LLM models also has issues like amplifying biases, ethical issues, and regulatory implications, remarkably when LLMs are fine-tuned for emerging domains that may hold harmful stereotypes or misinformation. Fine-tuned LLMs also provide substantial societal benefits, including expert-level knowledge to underserved regions and personalizing educational resources for self-directed learning. The study also discusses the technical aspects of fine-tuning LLMs by examining how general-purpose models are transformed into efficient models. The impact on society and the need for a framework that can shape the deployment of models, with ethical guardrails, transparency, and public engagement to ensure responsible development and use of fine-tuned LLMs. The current work explores the various steps that can be taken for bias mitigation and transparent documentation for different stakeholder engagements. The purpose of the chapter is to analyse the perspectives from technical foundations with ethical, cultural, and policy considerations and provides an integral view of the societal impact of fine-tuned LLMs. 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Impact of Franciscan philosophy on higher education accomplished by Franciscan Capuchins in India: an empirical research
The purpose of this research was to explore the relationships between the dimensions of Franciscan philosophy of educating society and the outcome achievement in higher education, as perceived by the students under the governance and guidance of the Franciscan Capuchin priests in India. The research paradigm was positivism and accordingly, a quantitative approach to research was undertaken. The survey sampling design was carried out and the data collection was through a questionnaire with 5-point Likert Scale. The questionnaire was based on standard scales measuring individual dimensions of the research. The questionnaire was administered both in hard copy and electronic form. The sample size was 300 based on the simple random sampling technique. The structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the data. The results revealed that among the 16 hypotheses 12 were supported. Franciscan spirituality had a significant positive relationship with cognitive development, personality development and social and cultural development; community engagement had a significant positive relationship with cognitive development, professional development, and social and cultural development; interfaith and intercultural dialogue had a significant positive relationship with cognitive development, personality development, and social and cultural development; and service mentality had a significant positive relationship with personality development, professional development, and social and cultural development. These revelations have led to the implications in the form of suggestions to the education providers to identify the positive contribution made by the Franciscan philosophy of educating the society, and also, strengthen the system further to provide a holistic development of individuals. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Impact of functional interdependency on employee satisfaction with performance appraisal in the real estate industry
Unbiased performance appraisal tends to bolster the performance of employees. The studies indicate several inadequacies with the current performance appraisal systems. Functional interdependence is one such factor that has been ignored. The study aims to find the factors that can improve the satisfaction with performance appraisal of employees whose deliverables are highly interdependent on other functions. Organizational justice, rater competence, inter-functional conflict, and cohesion are considered the mediating variables. To test the model, the data are collected through a survey using a questionnaire from the executives of Indian real estate companies who have undergone the appraisal process at least once. Firms with more than 500 employees are randomly selected for the list of members of the real estate developers' associations. The results show that functional interdependency has a negative impact on satisfaction with performance appraisal. Although conflict and cohesion are found to influence satisfaction with performance appraisal, they did not mediate the effect of functional interdependency on satisfaction with performance appraisal. However, the study found that rater competence and organizational justice have a mediating effect. The study provides practical implications to HR managers of real estate companies to train the raters and include the complexities of functional interdependencies in the appraisal system. A grievance mechanism should be created to address the employees' concerns, ultimately improving satisfaction with performance appraisal. Elangovan N., Sridhar Rajendran, 2020 -
Impact of Globalization and Multinational Corporations on Farmer Suicides in India: An Overview, Effects, Strategies and Policies
The tragic rise of farmer suicides in India brought to light some of the high social and ecological costs associated with globalization and unsustainable agriculture. The study analyzes the impact of globalization and MNCs on farmer suicides and suggests strategies and policies. The crucial findings show regressive agricultural policies, output declines, insufficient credit support, private parties intervention, land fragmentation, and the high cost of cultivation due to the privatization of the seed sector that led to worst debt traps among other factors as major contributors to this turmoil. This research underlines the ongoing efforts in understanding and tackling these issues. 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Impact of Goal Divergence, Unbalanced Dependence and Miscommunication on Marketing Channel Satisfaction
Purpose: Marketing channel satisfaction is a critical factor influencing the efficiency and long-term sustainability of distribution networks. However, conflicts arising from goal divergence, unbalanced dependence, and miscommunication often disrupt channel relationships, affecting overall satisfaction levels. This study examines the impact of these three conflict-inducing factors on marketing channel satisfaction, drawing insights from empirical research conducted in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. FMCG sector is considered as the barometer of any economy because of its wide reach to both the urban and rural market. Research design, data and methodology: Using a structured survey and statistical analysis, the study identifies the extent to which goal misalignment, power imbalances, and communication breakdowns contribute to dissatisfaction among channel members. Results: The findings highlight that goal divergence leads to reduced cooperation, unbalanced dependence fosters opportunistic behaviour, and miscommunication exacerbates misunderstandings, collectively diminishing channel satisfaction. The study contributes to the literature on channel conflict management and offers practical implications for businesses seeking to enhance collaboration, trust, and efficiency in their marketing channels. Conclusions: The study explores how the marketing channel members like distributors, wholesalers and retailers can reduce distribution channel conflict and enhance marketing/distribution channel satisfaction. This is still important even though online selling and e-commerce has become the order of the day. This study is very relevant in the field of distribution science. The Author(s) This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://Creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT ADVERTISEMENTS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION IN SENSITISING RURAL FARMERS: A STUDY OF MARATHWADA REGION IN MAHARASHTRA
To stimulate the agricultural sector, the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, has initiated a myriad of welfare initiatives aimed at farmers, entailing a substantial financial commitment. A portion of this financial outlay is also allocated to the dissemination of pertinent information among the farming community. However, a pertinent question arises: does this information reach the rural farmers and do they avail the benefit? The present study attempts to address this issue. Based on a tested questionnaire, a primary survey was conducted in Marathwada region of Maharashtra where the incidence of agrarian crisis is insurmountable. The study found a limited impact of government advertisements regarding agricultural information on farmers in terms of increasing their awareness level. The primary conduit for agricultural information, as ascertained by the study, predominantly stems from informal sources. Among the socio-economic characteristics, only education and land ownership are found to have an impact on the level of awareness and their willingness to acquire information on agriculture. The percentages of farmers, who are aware of the scheme and get its benefits, do not even exceed 30 per cent, irrespective of the scheme under consideration. It was found that only limited farmers are taking benefit of the scheme even after receiving information. A general disinterest was observed among the farmers because of the heavy paperwork of availing those benefits. To engender a constructive transformation in farmers awareness levels regarding agricultural schemes and programmes, a well-thought-out and strategic endeavour becomes indispensable. 2022 National Institute of Rural Development. All rights reserved. -
Impact of green banking 5.0 on financial performance of banks in India: A sustainability perspective
Green banking 5.0, a modern concept in the financial industry, involves integrating environmental and social considerations into traditional banking practices. This chapter explores the structure of green banking and products. A sample of 20 Indian banks, 10 private sector and 10 public sector banks, will be used for analysis. Financial statements, annual reports, and Reserve Bank of India bulletins for the 2022-2024 period will be taken into consideration, assessing the impact of sustainability on profitability by taking key variables such as corporate social responsibility (CSR) funds, non-performing loans (NPLs), ATM installations into account to assess their impact on bank performance, measured by return on assets (ROA). It also examines how the RBI is guiding banks towards this greener path. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and banks seeking to navigate the evolving landscape of sustainable finance. This chapter contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of green banking in shaping the future of banking sector in India. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing.