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Impact of human resource practice on work engagement and turnover intention in information technology companies
Orientation: The information technology (IT) sector, a global economic driver, faces high employee turnover because of low work engagement. This study examines the relationship between human resource management (HRM) practices and their impact on work engagement and turnover intention (TI) in IT companies. Research purpose: The primary purpose of this research article is to investigate how HRM practices influence employee work engagement and TI in the IT sector. Motivation for the study: This study is motivated by the need to address this critical issue by exploring the role of HRM practices in shaping employee engagement and TI. Research approach/design and method: The research data came from 10 IT organisations in Pune IT parks. Non-probability convenience sampling was used to collect data. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Moment Structure Analysis to evaluate the hypotheses. Main findings: The study found that HRM practices such as effective communication (EC), training satisfaction (TS), performance appraisal satisfaction (PAS), pay satisfaction (PS) and opportunities for development (OFD) positively influence work engagement among IT employees. Addressing these HRM practices can enhance employee retention and engagement in the IT sector. Practical/managerial implications: Implementing these strategies can lead to a more committed and productive workforce, improving overall organisational performance and retention. Contribution/value-add: This research offers actionable recommendations for IT companies to improve employee retention and engagement, filling a gap in existing literature by focussing exclusively on the unique challenges and dynamics of the IT industry. 2024. The Authors. -
Impact of IFRS on the financial statements of select IT companies in India
Globalization of economies and shift in financial environment from the traditional bank based one to a market based one necessitated a uniform financial reporting language across countries to facilitate comparisons. This resulted in the establishment of International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) which issued International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), a global standard for company financial statements. More than 120 countries, including European Union, Australia, Canada have already adopted IFRS. India was expected to converge with IFRS from April 2016 for listed and unlisted companies with a net worth of more than rs 500 crores. However, few Indian companies listed internationally are voluntarily reporting IFRS. The present study aimed to understand the effect of this voluntary reporting of IFRS on key financial ratios of four selected IT sector companies. The study compared 12 major financial ratios under IFRS and Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (IGAAP) as reported in their financial statements for a period of 5years from 2009-10 to 2013-14. For the purpose of the study, financial ratios representing four key dimensions of companies namely liquidity, leverage, profitability, and efficiency were considered. To understand the statistical significance of the difference between the ratios, Wilcoxon signed rank test, a non parametric test was used. Of the 12 ratios analyzed, 10 were found to be statistically significant. Further, the study explained the financial statement items which cause the difference in the ratios of these companies. The results indicated current liability and shareholder's equity to be significant at the 10% level, thus explaining the difference in financial statement items under IFRS. -
Impact of Improved Corporate Governance and Regulations on Earnings Management PracticesAnalysis of 7 Industries from the Indian National Stock Exchange
This study investigates discretionary earnings management practices, tracing the changes over the years in selected top performing and highly liquid listed Indian firms. It empirically measures the impact of corporate governance, financial legislation and global reporting standards on the firms earnings management practices. The study analyses a sample of 712 firm-year data comprising 89 listed Indian companies across 7 different sectoral indices of the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) over 8 years (20112018). The Modified Jones model was used to compute Discretionary Accruals to measure Earnings Management based on data obtained using Bloomberg terminals. Statistical results and plots generated in Stata offer evidence that instances of earnings management have significantly reduced after the enactment of the Companies Act 2013 and the adoption of Indian Accounting standards which are converged with the IFRS. Findings suggest that services firms are engaging in relatively higher levels of earnings management compared to manufacturing firms. This study reveals the positive impact of improved corporate governance, regulation, and enforcement by significantly reducing the levels of earnings management among listed firms in India. 2021 by the authors. -
Impact of inclusive recreational and life-skill activities on physical, personal care, and communication skills of students with intellectual disability
Background and Study Aim Students with intellectual disabilities (SwID) often face challenges in interpersonal communication, personal hygiene, and motor development, hindering their social integration and independence. Physical activity and socialization are key factors for improving these areas, but traditional fitness programs often do not address the specific needs of SwID. This study aims to determine the effect of Inclusive Recreational and Life-Skill Activities (IRLSA) on SwID, specifically in their physical abilities, personal hygiene, and interpersonal communication. Material and Methods The study used a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design. Forty male students with mild intellectual disabilities were selected from special schools and academies in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Their age was 15.9 1.42 years, height 157.52 8.32 cm, weight 57.57 7.72 kg, and BMI 23.15 2.04. Participants were selected based on their ability to follow basic instructions and the absence of severe medical conditions restricting movement. They were divided into two groups: a control group (n=20) that continued their daily routine and an experimental group (n=20) that participated in 16 weeks of inclusive recreational and life-skill activities. The training sessions focused on cardiovascular endurance, physical strength, flexibility, personal hygiene practices, and communication skills. Pre-and post-intervention measures were conducted using standardized tests. Results The experimental group showed significant improvements compared to the control group (p < 0.05) in all measured parameters: cardiovascular endurance (6-min walk test: p=0.001), flexibility (Sit and reach: p=0.001), muscular strength (lower body) (Sit-to-stand: p=0.007), muscular strength (upper body) (5 kg medicine ball throw: p=0.002), personal care and safety (Comprehensive assessment tool: p=0.001), and communication and interpersonal skills (p=0.001). In contrast, the control group showed minimal or no improvements in these variables (p > 0.05), reinforcing the need for structured interventions. Conclusions The study demonstrates that IRLSA significantly enhance physical fitness, personal care, and communication skills among SwID. The structured, peer-supported approach fosters holistic development and social inclusion. These findings advocate for the systematic integration of IRLSA into educational and therapeutic programs to promote functional independence and well-being in this population. Dharmalingam Yuvaraj, Govind Premkumar, Mani Aravindh, Manamkandath Mohamedprince, Kombath Asaraf Rinsha, 2025. -
Impact of Information and Communication Technology on E-Business of Small- and Medium-Scale Enterprises in Nigeria
The researchers examined the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) and e-business adoption on the performance and growth of small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. Using a survey research approach, the research integrates quantitative data from a survey of 30 SMEs across various sectors with the link of a well-structured questionnaire sent to a carefully determined sample of SMEs within Abuja and Lagos. The findings revealed that SMEs in Abuja and Lagos make use of ICTs for e-business, of which some of the tools are computers, internet, tablets, smartphones, videoconferencing, and more. Findings also showed that the adopted ICTs are effective in the conduct of the business activities of the SMEs. ICTs as utilised by the SMEs were found to be useful and therefore are suited for recommendations to other business people. The researchers conclude that ICTs are important in the business architecture of Nigeria and also recommend that strategic investments in ICT infrastructure, targeted training programmes, and supportive government policies are crucial for maximising the benefits of e-business for SMEs in Nigeria. These findings are of significance to business owners and the nation in general as they provide a comprehensive understanding of the critical role of ICT in the e-business architecture of Nigeria and how that can also contribute to the fostering of sustainable growth of gross domestic product (GDP). 2026 Mary Agamalafiya, Kelvin Inobemhe and Tsegyu Santas -
Impact of Innovative Technology on Quality Education: The Resourceful Intelligence for Smart Society Development
Quality education is the systematic learning and execution road map that build confidence among the learners and develop employability skills. Innovative techniques are the central facilitators of providing quality education for the younger generation. The economists, scientists, management experts, and research initiators are putting their efforts to develop a certain sustainable system in quality education through innovative technology. This is about digital equity, customized education, activity-based classroom, where the young mind is to be in synchronizing with the technology to explore new possibilities of learning and accomplishment. The research initiative reveals the system of implementing the innovative technology for quality education that has a direct impact on smart society development. The principal outcomes of the research initiative include the innovative ideas that transform the traditional education system into a dynamic education framework. The framework includes the integration of tools and techniques for standard mode of operations that reflects the productive and realistic education system. The researchers gracefully interconnected the concepts, methods, and applications of a quality education system that will open up new vistas for future research initiatives in the area of digital education, industry-institution collaboration, developing smart society, and economy of a nation at large. There is significant level of impact of innovative technology on quality education that leads to independent employability skills, creative, and innovative projects for facilitating future generation. All the influencing factors of resourceful intelligence together have great impact on smart society development that leads to provide modern facilities for the residents of smart society and create favorable environment for the future generations. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Impact of Intangibles on Bank's Performance
Finance Management, Vol-59, pp. 15274- 15283. ISSN-2229-712X -
Impact of investor sentiments on stock returns in India: An ESG perspective
This book chapter aims to explain how the investor sentiments in India impacts the returns of ESG stocks, further investigating how the stocks return gets affected positively or negatively by the behavior of investors after examining the ESG reports of a company. This study also provides a comparative analysis about the performance of ESG stocks over Non ESG stocks in the Indian Market. This includes understanding about the increased focus on ESG metrics which leads to superior stock performance, lower risk, or enhanced investor confidence compared to non- ESG investments. Hence, it provides us with a holistic picture of Indian market through an ESG perspective. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Impact of Ionic Liquids on the Crystal Growth and Surface Morphology of Ruthenium-doped TiO2 Nano Heterojunction Structures for Improved Photocatalytic Degradation of Evans Blue Dye and the Associated Antibacterial Activities
Novel Ru-doped TiO2 nanocomposites (Ru/TiO2 NCs) were synthesized at a 130 C temperature and 24-h incubation period using hydrothermal methods with and without ionic liquids (ILs). NCs were synthesized using 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate as the ILs and titanium(IV) isopropoxide and ruthenium(III) nitrate as the precursors. The presence of Ru in the NCs was analyzed using different characterization techniques. Powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of anatase and rutile phases as well as the nanocrystalline texture of the prepared Ru/TiO2 NCs. The presence of Ru, Ti, and O was confirmed via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The optical properties and bandgap energies of Ru/TiO2 NCs were determined via ultraviolet (UV)visible (Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy; the optical properties exhibited a redshift in the optical response toward the visible region owing to the reduced bandgap energy of Ru/TiO2 NCs in the visible region after doping Ru into the TiO2 nanocrystalline structure. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed a highly voluminous and porous network of Ru/TiO2 NCs. Moreover, different concentrations of Ru were doped into the TiO2 matrix to investigate the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities. Among all the synthesized NCs, 0.3-wt% Ru/TiO2 NCs exhibited high photocatalytic degradation efficiency and was therefore considered the optimum concentration. Moreover, it exhibited the highest BET surface area and quantum efficiency compared with other Ru/TiO2 NCs. Results revealed that Ru/TiO2 NCs synthesized via IL-assisted hydrothermal method, i.e., R3TL, exhibited considerably enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activities compared to the NCs synthesized without the ILs, i.e., R3TH. The inhibition pattern showed an excellent zone of inhibition (p < 0.001) in several strains with both NCs (R3TL and R3TH). However, Gram-positive Staphylococcusaureus exhibited a remarkably increased zone of inhibition (35 mm) compared with all the other strains used for R3TH. In contrast, Bacillus sp. exhibited the second largest zone of inhibition (21 mm) for R3TL after S. aureus (34 mm). In summary, this study emphasized the role of ILs and reaction mechanisms. The author(s) 2025. -
Impact of job stress and work-life balance on turnover intention among Indian healthcare workers
The Healthcare sector is widely regarded as a high-stress-inducing environment, with considerable studies examining job stress and work-life balance in the healthcare sector since the COVID-19 pandemic. While these factors are well-documented, there is a growing need to shift the focus towards rising turnover rates within the industry post-pandemic. With this background, the study aims to examine the impact of job stress and work-life balance on turnover intentions among doctors by delving deeper into the dimensions of these variables and probing the effect of demographics on these variables. The proposed research employed a quantitative design to gather data from 127 healthcare doctors using purposive sampling. The data for this study were collected through an online Google form designed with three validated scales, which comprised doctors from diverse specializations and years of experience. The findings revealed that time stress significantly impacts work interference with personal life (WIPL) and personal life interference with work (PLIW). Personal life interference with work (PLIW) emerged as the strongest determinant of turnover intentions. Further, a greater psychological strain was encountered among female doctors than their male counterparts, implying that gender also had a potential influence on the outcome of the study. As a result, the study offers recommendations that can guide the retention strategies in healthcare organizations and promote a healthier and sustainable workforce. The Author(s) 2026. -
Impact of knowledge management on organizational performance: An application of structural equation modeling
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamic relationships among the essential knowledge management (KM) constructs, i.e. strategy, enablers and processes, and to establish their links to organizational performance using a holistic integrated model. Design/methodology/approach: The structural equation modeling approach was used in the research study. The primary data were collected from IT managers in Indian software firms. Findings: The study successfully tested an integrated KM model in an Indian scenario. The study found that the KM strategy, enablers and processes had a significant positive relationship with the organizational performance. An appropriately designed KM strategy significantly influenced the KM enablers and KM process. KM enablers nurtured in an organization positively impacted the KM process. Furthermore, the KM process partially mediated the relationship between the KM strategy and organizational performance, and partially mediated the relationship between KM enablers and organizational performance. Originality/value: This study is one of the few to empirically establish how the essential KM constructs of strategy, enablers and processes together impact organizational performance. 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Impact of language-based diversity on affective, normative and continuance commitments level amid techs
Language-based diversity is a relatively understudied area within diversity research. The present paper examines the effects of language-based diversity among IT employees on levels of affective, normative and continuance commitments in Bengaluru, Cosmopolitan city. In primary data, responses are collected through well framed questionnaires and direct interaction with the employees to selected sample of 550 respondents of 10 Information Technology organisations in Bengaluru city. The independence of the two characteristics mother tongue and continuance commitment was tested using Cramers V statistic and the asymptotic significance value of 0.000 resulted into the conclusion that the two characteristics are not independent. 51.9% of the employees with mother tongue Tamil have high level continuance commitment. Cramers V statistic was used to test the independence of the two attributes namely, mother tongue and total commitment, and it was found that the asymptotic significance value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05. Hence it was found that the characteristics are not independent. IAEME Publication. -
Impact of Learnability Quotient on Employability of Students: Mediating Role of Spiritual Intelligence
This study investigates the impact of Learnability Quotient (LQ) on Employability, with a particular focus on the mediating role of Spiritual Intelligence (SI). Conducted in southern India with a cross-sectional design, the research utilizes primary data collected from educated adults through surveys. The study aims to elucidate cause-and-effect relationships between LQ and Employability and to test hypotheses regarding these variables. The findings reveal that Learnability Quotient and Employability significantly influence each other, with both being affected by age. Education also plays a crucial role in determining employability, while Spiritual Intelligence and Learnability Quotient are less influenced by educational level. The type of institution does not significantly affect these factors, although the location of the institution does impact Spiritual Intelligence and Employability. Correlation analysis shows that higher Spiritual Intelligence correlates moderately with both Learnability Quotient and Employability, while Learnability Quotient has a strong positive association with Employability. Mediation analysis uncovers a complex dynamic where, despite the positive direct effect of Learnability Quotient on Employability, its impact is diminished when mediated through Spiritual Intelligence, as indicated by a negative Variance Accounted For (VAF). Learnability Quotient is crucial for enhancing employability, while Spiritual Intelligence has a nuanced, potentially counterproductive mediation role. Further research is necessary to refine strategies for improving employability through these variables. 2024, Iquz Galaxy Publisher. All rights reserved. -
Impact of Learning Functions on Prediction of Stock Data in Neural Network
Digitization has made a vast impact on the modern society. Financial sector is one field where a huge revolution has been experienced because of digitization. Financial data especially time series data is being stored in the digital repositories where it can be used for prediction and analysis. One such data is a stock market data which is a time series data and is generated in a huge amount every second. The stock market data is of great importance as the proper analysis and prediction of data can transform the fate of the global market. Thus the companies and the individuals are looking forward for the development of the automated techniques that can predict stock market data accurately in a real time. In this regard, many researchers developed machine learning techniques such as use of neural network for prediction of stock data. The most common learning function used in neural network is sigmoid function. However, we found that there are many learning functions are available for building neural network. In this paper we are studying the impact of four different learning functions in estimating/predicting the stock value. From the experimental study we found that unipolar sigmoid learning function produced an accuracy of 95.65%, bipolar sigmoid produced an accuracy of 91.34%, tan hyperbolic equation produced an accuracy of 91.02%, and radial base equation produced an accuracy of 87.53%. Clearly, unipolar sigmoid function emerged as the best learning function to build stock data prediction model. The main reason behind its out-performance of unipolar sigmoid is its less complex structure and the 0 to 1 range. 2018 IEEE. -
Impact of Leverage on Valuation of Non-Financial Firms in India under Profitabilitys Moderating Effect: Evidence in Scenarios Applying Quantile Regression
The firms valuation (FV) is the key element for all stakeholders, particularly the investors, for their investment decisions. The main impetus of this research is to estimate the effects of the debt ratio (DR, i.e., leverage) on the FV (i.e., assets and market capitalisation) of the non-financial firms listed in India. The quantile panel data regression (QPDR) on the secondary data of 76 non-financial BSE-100 listed firms in India is employed. This study also checks the effect of the net profit margin (NPM) as profitability on the association between DR and FV. The QPDR estimates result in multiple quantiles and provide evidence in scenarios. The findings reveal a positive relationship of DR to assets only in higher quantiles, i.e., 90%ile), and a negative association of DR is found with a market capitalisation in all quantiles. Under the interaction effect, profitability (NPM) does not affect the association of DR with assets but negatively affects the association of debt ratio with market capitalisation in the middle (50%) quantile. The findings indicate that leverage (DR) affects a firms value. The studys outcomes are helpful to all stakeholders, particularly investors, to realise the leverage (DR) as a critical indicator of FV before making any investment decisions. Managers should also consider lower debt ratios for better firm value. The present analysis is original and holds novelty in the form of the moderating role of the net profit margin, i.e., the profitability of the firm between DR and FV in the non-financial firm in India. To the best of our knowledge, no such studies have been performed to look for the association of the debt ratio with a firms value under the effect of profitability in different quantiles using quantile regression. 2023 by the authors. -
Impact of Livelihood Strategies on the Dependence on Agriculture in Arid Regions of Andhra Pradesh, India
The livelihood risks tend to change households capital, assets, or resources by impacting the value of their asset portfolio. This study attempts to understand various risks and how these risks affect the farming communitys livelihoods in the designated areas. Also, this research attempts to understand the relationships between risks and livelihood capital to develop effective measures to improve their well-being and suggest various policies to help farmers cope with these risks in the most effective ways. The study used a sample of 827 farmers from Andhra Pradesh, India. The ordinal logistic regression findings revealed that knowledge capital (knowledge on nutrient deficiency, disease and pests and access to information), social capital (community membership and access to natural resources and services) and financial capitals have a significant impact on the selection of livelihood strategies. 2022 Management Development Institute. -
Impact of lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on the learning status of undergraduate and postgraduate students of Bangalore
Background: The COVID 19 pandemic has created various impacts on every human's life. COVID 19 lockdown has provoked enormous changes in the education sector which in turn influences the student's life in many aspects. The scope of this study is to understand the impact in both undergraduate and postgraduate students. Aim: This study aims at incisively analyzing the impact of lockdown imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic on graduate students of Bangalore. Method: It is an online survey that encompasses a structural questionnaire with open-ended questions created using Google Forms, which were sent across the students through social media platforms. Results: A total of 115 students from both undergraduate and postgraduate programs have participated in this survey. Simple percentage distribution was estimated to evaluate the pedagogy, opinion on educational decisions, modes of learning, socio-economic conditions, and problems pertaining to academia because of this pandemic. As per this analysis, 80.9% of students faced difficulty due to lockdown. 67% of students thought that their family's income will be affected by this pandemic. 68.7% of students felt stressed, depressed and 52.3% of students could not find a suitable environment in their home to study during this lockdown. When we see this pandemic in an optimistic light, it has created various opportunities such as Digital learning and adoption of new health habits. 2021. RIGEO. All Rights Reserved. -
Impact of Lysinibacillus macroides, a potential plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, yield and nutritional value of tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L. F1 hybrid Sachriya)
Plant growth promoting bacteria enhance the growth in plants by solubilizing insoluble minerals, producing phytohormones and by secreting enzymes that resist pathogen attack. The present study was aimed at identifying the potential of Lysinibacillus macroides isolated from pea plant possessing rich microbial rhizobiome diversity in promoting the growth of tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Potential of L. macroides in the promotion of S. lycopersicum L. growth by increased shoot length, terminal leaf length and breadth was assessed. Anatomical sectioning of stem and root revealed no varied cellular pattern indicating that the supplemented bioculture is not toxic to S. lycopersicum. Plantlets treated with L. macroides along with organic compost showed an increased total phenol content (17.580.4 mg/gm) compared to control samples (12.440.41 mg/g). Carbohydrate content was noticed to be around 1.3 folds higher in the L. macroides plus compost mixture supplemented slots compared to control sample. Significant increase in shoot length was evident in the L. macroides plus compost supplied slots (23.42.7 cm). Plant growth promoting properties might be due to the nitrogen fixing activity of the bacteria which enrich the soil composition along with the nutrients supplied by the organic compost. Rich microbial rhizobiome diversity in pea plant and the usage of L. macroides from a non-conventional source improves the diversity of the available PGPR for agricultural practices. Further research is needed to detect the mechanism of growth promotion and to explore the plant microbe interaction pathway. Jyolsna et al. (2021). -
Impact of Machine Intelligence on Clinical Disease Outbreak Prediction
This research paper examines the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in disease outbreak prediction and its importance in public health. It explores the hurdles associated with predicting disease outbreaks, including data quality and accessibility, ethical considerations, algorithmic bias, and integration and interpretability challenges. The paper presents an overview of AI techniques applied in healthcare and their relevance to forecasting disease outbreaks. Case studies demonstrate the efficacy of AI -based models in predicting infectious diseases, vector-borne diseases, and epidemics/pandemics, employing diverse data sources. The limitations and future prospects of AI in disease outbreak prediction are addressed, accompanied by recommendations for enhancement. In conclusion, the paper highlights AI's potential to revolutionize disease outbreak prediction, leading to proactive public health interventions and improved response strategies. 2023 IEEE. -
Impact of Machine Learning Algorithms in Intrusion Detection Systems for Internet of Things
The importance of security aspects is increased recently due to the enormous usage of IoT devices. Securing the system from all sorts of vulnerabilities is inevitable to use IoT applications. Intrusion detection systems are power mechanism which provides this service. The introduction of artificial intelligence into intrusion detection systems can further enhance its power. This paper is an attempt to understand the impact of machine learning algorithms in attack detection. Using the UNSW-NB 15 dataset, the impact of different machine learning algorithms is assessed. 2021 IEEE.