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Integrated 3D-Printed Detector for Rapid Near-IR Turn-On Colorimetric and Fluorescent Detection of Phosgene
Phosgene is a widely used yet highly hazardous compound that poses serious risks to human health and public safety due to its potential for misuse and accidental release. Therefore, developing an accurate and highly sensitive detection method is of critical importance. In this work, we have synthesized a sulfo-cyanine-based dye (CyNH) for the selective rapid detection (<1 min) of phosgene by Near-IR turn-on colorimetric and fluorescence responses. Notably, CyNH exhibited a 3-fold fluorescence enhancement at 756 nm accompanied by a distinct color change from light blue to dark blue by the appearance of strong absorption signal at 600 nm, with a detection limit of 1.17 ?M. To enable on-site detection, a 3D-printed sensor of the CyNH-coated 3D-printed substrate was developed, which shows visible color changes upon exposure to phosgene. Furthermore, integration of this sensor with a smartphone camera and its processing capabilities allows for real-time quantification of phosgene concentrations by eliminating the need for costly analytical instruments. To the best of our knowledge, the development of an NIR probe enabling dual colorimetric and fluorescent NIR detection of phosgene using a 3D-printed sensor is scarcely reported. This innovative 3D-printed, smartphone-assisted sensing platform offers a practical and sustainable approach for future phosgene detection applications in various fields. 2026 American Chemical Society -
Integrated Approach of Brain Disorder Analysis by Using Deep Learning Based on DNA Sequence
In order to research brain problems using MRI, PET, and CT neuroimaging, a correct understanding of brain function is required. This has been considered in earlier times with the support of traditional algorithms. Deep learning process has also been widely considered in these genomics data processing system. In this research, brain disorder illness incliding Alzheimer's disease, Schizophrenia and Parkinson's diseaseis is analyzed owing to misdetection of disorders in neuroimaging data examined by means fo traditional methods. Moeover, deep learning approach is incorporated here for classification purpose of brain disorder with the aid of Deep Belief Networks (DBN). Images are stored in a secured manner by using DNA sequence based on JPEG Zig Zag Encryption algorithm (DBNJZZ) approach. The suggested approach is executed and tested by using the performance metric measure such as accuracy, root mean square error, Mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error. Proposed DBNJZZ gives better performance than previously available methods. 2023 Authors. All rights reserved. -
Integrated Automated Attendance System with RFID, Wi-Fi, and Visual Recognition Technology for Enhanced Classroom Security and Precise Monitoring
The integrated automated smart attendance system utilizes RFID, Wi-Fi, and visual recognition technologies to elevate classroom security and ensure precise monitoring of attendance records. It consolidates cutting-edge components such as RFID tags, ESP8266 Wi-Fi modules, ESP-32 CAM modules, solenoid locks, servo motors, and PIR sensors to devise a strong remedy. RFID technology enables accurate attendance tracking by assigning tags to students and faculty members. The Wi-Fi and visual recognition components enhance the system's functionalities, facilitating wireless connectivity, instantaneous data transfer, and validation of identities. Solenoid locks and servo motors ensure controlled access, responding to validated attendance records. PIR sensors detect motion, contrasting between genuine presence and proximity. The paper's methodology delineates the necessary hardware and software requirements, procedures for system initialization, testing phases, establishment of server connectivity, implementation of access control mechanisms, and formulation of end-of-session protocols. It highlights the successful integration and validation of hardware components, backend connectivity, identity confirmation, attendance recording, data encryption, and session termination procedures. The research aims to modernize attendance tracking in educational settings, improving efficiency, accuracy, and security while appreciating the need for further adaptation to suit diverse educational environments for broader adoption and sustained advancement. 2024 IEEE. -
Integrated biogasification and carbon capture pathways: a system-level review of technologies, storage options, and deployment challenges
Carbon-negative energy systems that integrate bioenergy production with permanent carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration are increasingly recognized as essential for achieving global net-zero and beyond-zero climate targets. While extensive research exists on individual components such as biogasification, carbon capture technologies, and geological storage, a coherent system-level synthesis linking these pathways remains fragmented. This review addresses this gap by providing an integrated assessment of biogasification-based carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems, with particular emphasis on techno-economic performance, capture efficiency, subsurface storage options, and deployment challenges. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 112 studies were systematically selected from an initial pool of 780 publications and analyzed to compare advanced gasification routes, emerging capture technologies, and storage strategies. The results indicate that hybrid gasificationsolid oxide fuel cell systems can achieve efficiencies of up to 55%, while cryogenic carbon capture consistently delivers CO? purities above 95% with reduced energy penalties. Supercritical water gasification and hydrothermal pathways demonstrate strong potential for wet biomass conversion, achieving hydrogen yields exceeding 1150 mmol/L and carbon efficiencies above 80%. Despite these technical advances, large-scale deployment remains constrained by high costs (USD 8001350 per tonne CO2), infrastructure limitations, and policy uncertainty. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026. -
Integrated biorefinery development for pomegranate peel: Prospects for the production of fuel, chemicals and bioactive molecules
Current experimental evidence has revealed that pomegranate peel is a significant source of essential bio compounds, and many of them can be transformed into valorized products. Pomegranate peel can also be used as feedstock to produce fuels and biochemicals. We herein review this pomegranate peel conversion technology and the prospective valorized product that can be synthesized from this frequently disposed fruit waste. The review also discusses its usage as a carbon substrate to synthesize bioactive compounds like phenolics, flavonoids and its use in enzyme biosynthesis. Based on reported experimental evidence, it is apparent that pomegranate peel has a large number of applications, and therefore, the development of an integrated biorefinery concept to use pomegranate peel will aid in effectively utilizing its significant advantages. The biorefinery method displays a promising approach for efficiently using pomegranate peel; nevertheless, further studies should be needed in this area. 2022 Elsevier Ltd -
Integrated Effect of Flow Field Misalignment and Gas Diffusion Layer Compression/Intrusion on High Temperature - Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
Misalignment in the flow field plates of High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (HT-PEMFC) due to manufacturing tolerances, assembly process, or unavoidable vibration during the cell operation is contemplated its performance and durability. This study investigates the effect of flow field plate misalignment and its concomitant impact with varying the clamping pressures on HT-PEMFC operation. The study considers six degrees of cathode flow field misalignment, varying from 0% to 100% with respect to the anode flow field. Clamping pressures ranging from 1 to 2 MPa are applied to the various cases of misalignment to study their effect on GDL deformation and intrusion into the channels. The structural analysis shows that as the misalignment increases from 0 to 100%, the GDL compression increases from 26.72% to 37.75% for 1 MPa, 40.07% to 56.63% for 1.5 MPa, and 53.43% to 75.51% for 2 MPa, owing to the increase in compression approximately by 41% from their base cases and it is also crucial to note that GDL compression exaggerates at higher clamping pressures. The misalignment results in the sagging of Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), and the amplitude of wave nature is proportional to the degree of misalignment and clamping pressure, indicating the misalignment is the sole factor for structural changes. As a result, considerable variance in current distribution and average value is observed, i.e., at operating voltage 0.5 V, the current density drops from 4472.7 to 4264.4, 4420.7 to 4211.8, and 4374.1 to 4161.3 A m?2 from cases 1 to 6 for clamping pressures 1, 1.5, and 2 MPa, respectively, resulting in a 4.7% loss in performance. According to the observations, a misalignment of 60% is tolerable, with minimal performance loss and negligible non-uniformity in cell distributions. 2022 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. -
Integrated fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS as innovative student selection methodology at institutions of higher learning
BACKGROUND: The selection of students at academic institutions has been a challenging affair given multiple criteria that need to be considered by the institution. Additionally, multiple evaluators and decision makers are involved in the student selection process, rendering it inconsistent. The complexity and subjectiveness in such decisions making requires new and innovative approach in order to be more systematic and transparent. OBJECTIVE: This paper presents an innovative methodology for student selection for admission into an Institute of Higher Learning (IHL) using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Drawing on the success of using these methods in other fields, this study applies the technique and principles on student selection process. METHOD: Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is used in determining the weights of the criteria by the decision makers which avoids the vagueness and inconsistencies in decision making process and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method ranks finds out the best alternative solution for student selection by calculating the relative closeness from the positive ideal solution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This research finds using the hybrid method is effective in student selection for IHL and makes the process efficient and bias-free. This method can be applied to various fields and uses where multi-criteria decision making is involved. 2023 - IOS Press. All rights reserved. -
Integrated Health Care Delivery and Telemedicine: Existing Legal Impediments in India
The technological innovation in the healthcare sector has contributed to the growth of telemedicine in India. Health services fall under State responsibility as per the Indian Constitution by virtue of Schedule 7although policy and planning framework are under the scope of Central government. Telemedicine cannot not work as an autonomous service, rather, ought to be subjected to different regulations having complex ethical, medico-legal manifestations. As far as India is concerned, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of India (MoHFW) is the body responsible for initiating the policy of digitization of healthcare. However the point ishow far digital health services going appropriately in India. Based on NDHBs comprehensive architectural framework of Federated National Health Information System in January 2020 and as the pandemic strategy Medical Council of India and the NITI Aayog released new guidelines on telemedicine with respect to registered medical practitioners, this research needed to be checked. Thus, the examination was done in these aspects. Guidelines were revisited to see how the hospitals in Delhi and NOIDA function based on the records submitted in medical consultation given to patients using telemedicine. It is felt that telemedicine being a nebulous concept in India, it needs to be analyzed in the light of prospective opportunities it would offer. There is a need for collaborative approaches on digital health, revision in the prevailing legal and ethical frameworks, the clinical practices corresponding to standing medical guidelines. Also, it is found that there exist no uniform telemedicine practices balancing the privacy norms, medico-legal responsibility and regulatory standards. To arrive at conclusion, the best practices prevailed in other countries are examined and adopted. It is felt that the policies existing in telemedicine need to be bifurcated as digital consultation, digital photography, remote patient monitoring (RPM) separately. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Integrated Holistic Mental Healthcare
Integrated Holistic Mental Healthcare: Bridging Minds and Technology is a groundbreaking resource that unites traditional holistic practices with cutting-edge digital innovations to enhance mental health treatment. This comprehensive guide is tailored for mental health professionals seeking practical strategies to improve care efficacy and accessibility. The book begins with foundational concepts of holistic mental health and emphasizes the essential role of mindfulness and meditation as core components of effective care. It explores how technology can complement holistic practices, facilitating behavioral change and habit formation. Readers will discover how digital tools can expand access to mental healthcare through telehealth and virtual care models, while also addressing ethical considerations and stigma associated with mental health treatment. With insights into monitoring outcomes and case studies highlighting integrative approaches for specialized populations, this book equips readers to navigate the evolving mental health landscape. As it looks toward future trends, "Integrated Holistic Mental Healthcare" empowers individuals to enhance their well-being in a rapidly digitizing world, fostering a patient-centered care paradigm that honors both mind and technology. 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. -
Integrated Home-Based Palliative Care in Motor Neuron Disease: A Case Report from Low- Middle Income Country
In many international care guidelines, multidisciplinary palliative care forms a key to optimum management in Motor Neuron Disease (MND). We describe the home-based palliative care interventions for a client with MND and his family from a Low and Middle-income country context. This report also discusses the advantages and challenges of the same with suggestions for sustaining the quality of care for neuro palliative conditions. 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Integrated hybrid membrane system for enhanced water treatment and desalination for environmental preservation
Technology advancements in desalination, water treatment, and energy efficiency are crucial to preserving our planet. It is critical to find solutions for the future that save natural resources and lessen environmental damage because the freshwater shortage is getting worse, and energy demand is increasing. They face various obstacles, even though their breakthroughs are extremely important. Lot of energy can be utilized for the traditional desalination techniques, as it negatively impacts the environment. Then, the process of the existing Water Treatment (WT) are expensive and ineffective. An Integrated Hybrid Membrane System for Enhanced WT (IHMS-EWT) is a unique technique for WT and desalination was suggested in this study. The integration of many membrane procedures like nanofiltration, reverse and forward osmosis, and membrane distillation, and these will helps in facilitating the best WT and desalination methods. Due to the incorporating Renewable Energy (RE), the IHMS-EWT also demonstrates the (SWMS) Sustainable Water Management System, as it enhances the EE and thereby reducing the environmental impact. The great potential in the wide range of applications was offered by the IHMS-EWT technique. Providing the decentralized WT solutions in the remote areas, this unique approach has the ability to reduce the fresh water scarcity in the coastal areas based on the demands of the municipal, industrial and agricultural demands. The environmental sustainability throughout the lenghthy operations was ensured by the support of IHMS-EWT. It also helps in providing resilience in the crisis situations. The cost-effective evaluations, operating parameter optimization, and performance prediction of the method was enabled by employing the computational modelling. Through simulatimg different contexts, the effective configurations and operational techniques are focussed on the study for enhancing the IHMS-EWT technology.The model shift in the SWM, the IHMS-EWT technique addresses the main problems and brings one step for more secure environment. Comparing to other existing methods, Improving the water purification by 98.2 %, 94.2 % efficiency rate, the EC prediction rate of 96.2 %, the cost-effectiveness rate by 82.4 % and the performance rate by 96.7 % by the suggested IHMS-EWT model and it was demonstrated by the outcomes of the experiment. 2024 The Authors -
Integrated IoT-Based Secure and Efficient Key Management Framework Using Hashgraphs for Autonomous Vehicles to Ensure Road Safety
Autonomous vehicles offer various advantages to both vehicle owners and automobile companies. However, despite the advantages, there are various risks associated with these vehicles. These vehicles interact with each other by forming a vehicular network, also known as VANET, in a centralized manner. This centralized network is vulnerable to cyber-attacks which can cause data loss, resulting in road accidents. Thus, to prevent the vehicular network from being attacked and to prevent the privacy of the data, key management is used. However, key management alone over a centralized network is not effective in ensuring data integrity in a vehicular network. To resolve this issue, various studies have introduced a blockchain-based approach and enabled key management over a decentralized network. This technique is also found effective in ensuring the privacy of all the stakeholders involved in a vehicular network. Furthermore, a blockchain-based key management system can also help in storing a large amount of data over a distributed network, which can encourage a faster exchange of information between vehicles in a network. However, there are certain limitations of blockchain technology that may affect the efficient working of autonomous vehicles. Most of the existing blockchain-based systems are implemented over Ethereum or Bitcoin. The transaction-processing capability of these blockchains is in the range of 5 to 20 transactions per second, whereas hashgraphs are capable of processing thousands of transactions per second as the data are processed exponentially. Furthermore, a hashgraph prevents the user from altering the order of the transactions being processed, and they do not need high computational powers to operate, which may help in reducing the overall cost of the system. Due to the advantages offered by a hashgraph, an advanced key management framework based on a hashgraph for secure communication between the vehicles is suggested in this paper. The framework is developed using the concept of Leaving of Vehicles based on a Logical Key Hierarchy (LKH) and Batch Rekeying. The system is tested and compared with other closely related systems on the basis of the transaction compilation time and change in traffic rates. 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. -
Integrated photonic devices for cancer detection
[No abstract available] -
Integrated skills for parenting the adolescents (ISPA): An intervention to strengthen parent- adolescent relationship /
Review of Neuropsiquiatrica, Vol.76, Issue 4, pp.413-422, ISSN No: 1609-7394. -
Integrating Advanced Metabolomics with Plant Functional Genomics
Metabolomics encompasses the entire suite of small-molecule compounds or metabolites synthesized by an or ganism, whereas functional genomics refers to the gene-level functioning of an organism. The genome of a plant will dictate its metabolome, but the link between the two omics data may not always be clearly visible or properly explored. This chapter delves into the integration of advanced metabolomics with plant functional genomics, highlighting its pivotal role in advancing our understanding of plant biology and its applications in agriculture. Metabolomics provides a comprehensive analysis of small molecules, bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype by elucidating the dynamic interactions within plant systems. Key techniques such as mass spectrom etry and nuclear magnetic resonance are explored, emphasizing their importance in high-throughput and high-resolution metabolite profiling. The chapter further discusses the synergy between metabolomics and other omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, underscoring its significance in iden tifying gene functions and metabolic pathways linked to complex traits such as stress tolerance. Applications in plant breeding are also highlighted, showcasing how metabolomics can drive the development of crops with en hanced stress resilience, yield, and nutritional quality. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the transformative potential of this integrated approach in shaping future agricultural practices and improving food security. CAB International 2025. All rights reserved. -
Integrating AI and Cybersecurity: Advancing Autonomous Vehicle Security and Response Mechanisms
The rapid evolution of autonomous and connected vehicles has led to their integration with numerous technologies and software, rendering them vulnerable targets for cybersecurity attacks. While efforts have traditionally focused on preventing these attacks, the escalating risk underscores the importance of also vindicating their wallop. Nevertheless, this procedure is often onerous & facade scalability confronted, particularly due to connectivity issues in automobiles. This research advises a vehicle-based vibrant imposition response scheme, enabling swift responses to a variety of incidents and reducing reliance on external security centers. The classification encompasses an inclusive range of probable retorts, a procedure for evaluating retorts, & innumerable assortment approaches. Implemented on an embedded platform, the solution was evaluated using two distinct cyberattack use cases, highlighting its adaptability, responsiveness, volume for dynamic arrangement constraint alterations & nominal memory trail. Concurrently, this paper presents an innovative (AVSF) that synergistically integrates (AI) and cybersecurity techniques to fortify AV resilience against evolving threats. Additionally, the framework incorporates advanced cybersecurity measures such as encryption, authentication, and intrusion detection to mitigate vulnerabilities and safeguard critical AV systems. The fusion of AI and cybersecurity not only enhances AV security posture but also enables intelligent cyber threat monitoring and response capabilities. Extensive simulations and experimental evaluations demonstrate the efficacy of the AVSF in real-time scenarios, contributing to the development of robust security solutions for autonomous vehicle deployment and advancing safer transportation systems in the era of AI-driven mobility. 2024 IEEE. -
Integrating AI into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for Ethical and Sustainable Business Practices
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has significantly transformed various facets of business operations, including corporate social responsibility (CSR). As businesses strive to align their growth strategies with ethical, social, and environmental responsibilities, AI emerges as a powerful tool to enhance the effectiveness of CSR initiatives. This research investigates the integration of AI into CSR, exploring its potential to drive more sustainable business practices, improve transparency, and foster ethical decision-making within organizations. By employing a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, this study examines how AI-powered analytics, automation, and decision-making frameworks can optimize CSR efforts. Key areas of exploration include AI's role in enhancing supply chain sustainability, optimizing resource allocation, detecting unethical business practices, and enabling real-time monitoring and reporting of CSR initiatives. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Integrating AI Tools into HRM to Promote Green HRM Practices
The image of Human Resource Management (HRM) is undergoing a drastic transformation. The conventional methods are evolving due to the emergence of technology, especially with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data analytics into the HR processes. With the rapidly changing concept of the overall growth of an organization, AI is becoming a vital stimulant for sustainable growth. AI-powered tools promote data-driven decision-making for talent acquisition, performance management, workforce training and development, optimization of energy consumption and waste reduction. Green HRM aligns these efforts by integrating sustainability considerations into talent management strategies, nurturing employees eco-engagement, and promoting environmentally responsible practices within the workforce. This research paper aims to explore the synergies between AI tools and Green HRM practices, investigating how the integration of AI technologies into HR processes can contribute to the promotion of environmental sustainability. By examining real-world case studies, this study aims to investigate the potential of AI-powered solutions in shaping the future of HRM through the lens of sustainability. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Education: Insights From a Teacher Training Workshop
This chapter explores the impact of an in-person AI training workshop on Chilean in-service teachers across a network of four schools. Through a mixed-methods approach-including pre-and post-surveys with qualitative and quantitative data-the study examines shifts in teacher attitudes, knowledge, and intentions to use AI in educational practice. Results show increased confidence, pedagogical alignment, and ethical awareness, particularly regarding inclusion and differentiated instruction. The chapter also highlights the importance of contextualized training, gender representation, and long-term support to ensure equitable and meaningful AI integration in Latin American classrooms. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Integrating artificial intelligence in Islamic financial management: Opportunities and challenges in maintaining Shariah compliance
The objective of this study is to examine the potential incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology into financial management practices that are based on Islamic principles, with a particular emphasis on ensuring Shariah compliance. The literature analysis methodological approach is employed to identify the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of AI in the Islamic Finance (IF) environment. The results indicate that the implementation of AI can enhance the efficacy, transparency, and precision of IF operations. However, there are numerous challenges associated with Shariah compliance and ethics. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of establishing a regulatory framework that is consistent with Shariah principles in order to ensure the successful implementation of AI in Islamic financial institutions (IFI). The need for collaboration between finance experts and academics to ensure that the technology is implemented in accordance with Shariah principles, as well as the expansion of training for IF (Islamic Finance) practitioners regarding the implications of AI, are among the recommendations. Future research should examine the influence of more specific AI implementation strategies on Islamic conformance and operational efficacy in the context of IF. 2025 Early Ridho Kismawadi, Mohammad Irfan and Isnaini Harahap. All rights reserved.