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A mathematical model that describes the relation of low-density lipoprotein and oxygen concentrations in a stenosed artery
The cellular activities of the endothelium layer between lumen and intima are significantly linked to the origin of the disease atherosclerosis. Three stages of atherosclerosis were investigated in this study (40%-mild, 50%-modest, and 60%-acute) concerning the coronary arterial segment. The essence of the hemodynamic factors like flow velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress has been investigated, as well as the interrelationships between them. At all degrees of stenosis, the biophysical relationship between convection-diffusion of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and convection-diffusion of oxygen in the bloodstream is investigated. The Finite Element Methods (FEM) are used to solve the modeled partial differential equation systems. The method adopted is numerical in nature providing accurate graphical solutions to the framed systems. The physical effects of the deposition of LDL on the arterial wall, like a decrease in the diameter of the lumen, and toughening of the walls, are analyzed through the evaluation of the physical parameters. The study revealed that the deposition of LDL molecules in the post stenotic region leads to the depletion of oxygen in the region leading to the rapid dysfunctioning of the endothelial layer of the lumen-intima boundary. 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
THE ANALYSIS OF THE FLOW OF BLOOD IN A STENOSED ARTERY THROUGH SIMULATION: A COMPARISON AMONG VARIOUS NON-NEWTONIAN MODELS
This paper focuses on the dual quality of blood, Newtonian and non-Newtonian, in particular by exploring the energy curves. Careful investigation of the dual property of blood has been made by considering two different geometries to represent a stenosed arterial segment. We present a cautious assessment of non-Newtonian blood rheology impacts in arterial stream simulations by coupling the Newtonian and non-Newtonian models. The flow of energy through the two flow dimensions is meticulously investigated using velocity (kinetic energy), pressure, and wall shear stress (pressure energy). Besides, the proper implementation of an interface boundary condition (IBC) was emphasized to ensure consistency with the flow conditions downstream of a backward-facing step. The integration of the Newtonian and non-Newtonian models adjoins the novelty of the current research. The energy curves are obtained by implementing five different non-Newtonian models to designate a suitable non-Newtonian model for blood flow investigations. The combination of the non-Newtonian models enforced in this research is novel and particular attention is paid to the energy curves obtained. The conclusion was to elect the Carreau model as a suitable non-Newtonian rheological model for the blood flow study. This study was able to finalize the fact that the coupling of Newtonian and non-Newtonian models is necessary to obtain accurate results. For the sinusoidal waveform considered for the velocity, Carreau and the Power law models yield better results, eliminating the other non-Newtonian models from the list. With a better inlet condition imposed in the form of the Fourier series for pressure and velocity, the Carreau model yields the best results. 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Possibilities for the Flow of Water and Blood through a Graphene Layer in a Geometry Analogous to Human Arterioles: An Observational Study
Atherosclerosis and aneurysm are two non-communicable diseases that affect the human arterial network. The arterioles undergo dimensional changes that prominently influence the flow of oxygen and nutrients to distal organs and organ systems. Several studies have emerged discussing the various possibilities for the circumstances surrounding the existence of these pathologies. In the present work, we analyze the flow of blood across the stenosis and the aneurysmic sac in contrast with the flow of water to explore alterations in the flow characteristics caused by introduction of the graphene layer. We investigate the blood flow past the graphene layer with varying porosity. The study is undertaken to replace usage of a stent along a blocked artery by inserting a thin layer of graphene along the flow channel in the post-pathological section of the geometry. To explain the flow, a 2D mathematical model is constructed, and the validity and exclusivity of the models solution are examined. When the artery wall is assumed to be inelastic, the computation of the mathematical system is evaluated using a finite element method (FEM) solver. We define a new parameter called critical porosity (Formula presented.) to explore the flow possibilities through the graphene layer. The findings indicate that the flow pattern was adversely affected by the graphene layer that was added to the flow field. The negative impact on the flow could be due to the position of the graphene layer placed. The (Formula presented.) values for the flow of blood across healthy arteriole, stenosed arteriole, and aneurysmic arteriole segments were (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) respectively. The critical porosity values were achieved with precision in terms of linear errors (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.), and (Formula presented.), respectively. The consequences of the present study disclose various possible ways to utilize graphene and its compounds in the medical and clinical arena, with a prior exploration of the chemical properties of the compound. The idea and the methodology applied for the present study are novel as there have been no previous research works available in this direction of the research field. 2023 by the authors. -
Virtual Reality in Tourism: A Research Note
Technology inclusions have been deriving disruptive changes in the tourism industry. The most sought-after digital tool virtual reality (VR) has been highly preferred by destination marketers in formulating their marketing strategies and executions and branding their destinations. Though VR inclusion started early, the pandemic crisis has added effectiveness to the vibrance of the industrys offerings. However, the research of VR inclusions in tourism marketing needs wider evidence that would eventually facilitate the thereof in identifying and understanding of the emerging tourists micro-segments based on their motives, duality of destination management and branding, and the relevance for conceiving memorable experiences. This research note indicated three such critical aspects VR in upscaling tourism, VR as a marketing strategy for sustainability, and VR as reality or reality for tourists. The note also indicated the major areas that can be researched from the given perspectives of VR for tourism marketing and destination branding. 2022, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Structural Relationship between Cognitive Image, Destination Personality and Tourists Motivation
This research work was an extract from a major research on understanding personality and image of destination. This portion of research intended to identify a theoretical model consisting of cognitive destination image, destination personality traits and tourists motivation in destination branding context and to validate it hypothetically. This research was carried out in Coimbatore District an emerging destination in Tamil Nadu, India between 2018 and 2019. Flourishing erratic tourism industrys scenarios and the need for academic research blended as the motive for this for this model-based study. Evidence was found in the literature that tourists belief about the destination, touristsmotivation and perceived destination personality traits were found interrelated. Thus, the theoretical model was found. For validating the proposed model, a questionnaire confirmed through pilot study containing the required study variables was circulated to the tourists who visited the destination for tourism purposes. With the sample size as 448 after screening and eliminating the illegible responses, three stage process of analysis that include Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling had been performed. The conceptual model was validated and found that there existed the interrelationship between touristsperceived cognitive image, perceived personality traits of the destination and tourists motivation to tour. Marketers of destinations were suggested to use the model for formulating branding and marketing activities. The scope for further research was pointed out on expanding the research model with other destination perspectives considering the outcome as base. Copyright IJHTS. -
Do Tourists' Motives Alter Based on What They See on E-Sources of Information? An SEM Approach to Determine the Impact
With growing competition in the tourism industry and changing tourists' expectations, motives and behavior, marketers are at the outset to promote, position and brand their tourism destinations lucratively. Though there are many allied themes on destination branding and marketing arena, tourists' motives have been widely looked up as research emphasis the dynamic revamps being seen with the intervention of digital sources of information. However, research at this aspect is at gradual phase. This paper focuses on such a theme and tries to understand the significant impact of tourists' behavior towards esources of information on their motives. Literary sources have been analyzed and hypothesis has been formulated. To test the assumption, the research location has been chosen - a district in Tamil Nadu state which serves wide range of tourists' motives and bestowed with distinct tourism attractions. A Structured questionnaire containing the necessary items measuring the study factors has been floated to 422 tourists through convenient sampling technique. However, 327 have been rounded as the final sample after excluding the illegible responses. Three Stage Analysis has been performed where Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) has been sued for data reduction and exploring the new factors, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) has been used for identifying and confirming the individual models and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) has been used for understanding the structural relationship between the factors. Model fit has been found for CFA and SEM. Significant impact has been found by tourists' behavior towards the esources of information on tourists' motives. Simple Percentage Analysis (SPA) has been used to analyze the distribution of respondents based on their personal factors. Suggestions to the marketers and policy makers have been provided through managerial implications. Theoretical recommendations have also been narrated. Copyright IJHTS. -
Electrochemical investigation of neodymium doped vanadium pentoxide anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for hybrid symmetric capacitor devices
The modern world is highly dependent on portable electronic gadgets, so high-performance energy storage devices are a major demand for human beings. Here, we construct neodymium-doped vanadium pentoxide anchored with reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (rGO/Nd:V2O5) as the electrode material for a high-performance symmetric capacitor device. The prepared electrodes showed pseudocapacitor behaviour and double layer capacitor behaviour, indicating the hybrid nature of the rGO/Nd:V2O5 electrode. Also, the V2O5, Nd:V2O5 and rGO/Nd:V2O5 electrodes show higher capacitance behaviour of 447, 677 and 1122 F/g at 1 A/g and 89 %, 94 % and 98 % cyclic efficiency at the 1000th cycle. However, the rGO/Nd:V2O5 symmetric capacitor device exhibits a higher capacitance value of 218 F/g at 1 A/g and a cyclic efficiency of 82 % at the 10000th cycle. Also, this electrode shows a low charge transfer resistance value of 12.67 ?. This result shows the prepared rGO/Nd:V2O5 electrode as the high-performance electrode material for the supercapacitor devices. 2023 Elsevier Ltd -
Deep Q-Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Navigation in Smart Mobility
The proposed system leverages Deep Q-Learning to enhance autonomous vehicle navigation in smart mobility environments. By integrating reinforcement learning with deep neural networks, the system enables vehicles to make real-time decisions while adapting to dynamic traffic conditions. The framework employs a reward-based learning mechanism to optimize path selection, collision avoidance, and efficient maneuvering in complex urban scenarios. To improve decisionmaking accuracy, the proposed approach incorporates an experience replay mechanism, preventing overfitting and ensuring stable learning. Additionally, a target network is utilized to enhance training convergence, allowing the model to generalize effectively across varying road conditions. The system is further optimized through adaptive explorationexploitation strategies, enabling vehicles to balance learning new routes while prioritizing safe and efficient navigation. The proposed methodology demonstrates significant improvements in autonomous mobility, offering a scalable and robust solution for next-generation smart transportation systems. 2025 IEEE. -
Unveiling the Future of Business Success: Integrating Environmental and Sustainable Criteria through Business Cases
This chapter explores how environmental and sustainable criteria can enhance organizational success in rapidly changing economic and societal trends. It also focuses on future value creation. The continuing fight is leading to the obsolescence of traditional tools for management due to the increased level of competition, rapid rates of change, and time compression in society. To address urgent demands for sustainability, this research examines the blending of ecological and sustainable standards with corporate objectives, illustrating how businesses can benefit from such integration. The existing business practices are presented with evidence showing their impact on the environment and society, thereby stressing the need for sustainability measures that ensure long-term success. Through an exploration of peer-reviewed literature on this topic, a variety of ways are examined. Different companies can incorporate these criteria into their operations by an analysis of best practice followed by market leaders that involve setting clear objectives and identifying key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure progress. In addition, the chapter investigates the strategies that corporations need to implement in order to adopt environmental integrity principles within their company policies, such as renewable energy sources, intelligent buildings and circular economy models, as well as other solutions that can reduce their ecological footprints, leading to organizational excellence. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Sonal Trivedi, Balamurugan Balusamy, Krishnaraj Nagappan, Dinesh Krishnan Subramaniam and Daniel Arockiam; individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. -
Advancements in Hand Gesture Technology for Enhancing Accessibility in Disability Assistance
Hand gesture recognition technology has become a crucial innovation in assistive technology, providing enhanced accessibility and independence for individuals with disabilities. In order to enhance communication, mobility, and rehabilitation support, this paper investigates the development and integration of AI-powered gesture recognition systems with wearable devices, augmented reality (AR), and the Internet of Things (IoT). The adaptability and ease of use of the current solutions, such as sign language interpretation and smart prosthetics, are severely limited. We propose a novel framework that combines cloud-based data storage, haptic feedback mechanisms, and real-time AI processing to create a highly responsive and personalized user experience to fill in these gaps. The research focuses on accuracy, responsiveness, and ease of use during its comprehensive analysis of prototype testing data and user feedback. The system is able to continually improve the accuracy of gesture recognition and adapt to the requirements of each user by making use of deep learning algorithms. The study also emphasizes the possibility of incorporating brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for improved control and responsiveness. By providing individualized therapeutic exercises and real-time feedback, our findings suggest that incorporating gesture-controlled interfaces into rehabilitation programs can significantly benefit stroke patients and individuals with motor impairments. Gesture-based smart home control is also made possible by IoT connectivity, which makes life easier for people with limited mobility. An assessment of the system's impact, obstacles to widespread adoption, and potential future directions for improving AI models and making them more affordable are presented at the study's conclusion. The goal of this study is to help close the digital divide for people with disabilities and contribute to the ongoing development of accessible technology. 2025 IEEE. -
Arduino based IOT platform for remote monitoring of heart attacks and patients falls
Internet of things (IoT) is a networking concept that allows connection of various smart devices. This concept plays a huge role in the healthcare industry. The developed system is a working prototype for realtime monitoring of patient falls and heart attacks. The process of developing this system included an architecture, which was built using Arduino UNO and Arduino NANO along with pulse sensors and accelerometer sensors. The main idea is to collect health-related data from time to time and the collected data is made available using a real-time interface called Thingspeak. With the help of this process, the person can be monitored from time to time without any hassle. The proposed system also makes use of delivering notifications at the time of emergency using the GSM technology, which is embedded with the Arduino architecture. This system will be of greater help to elderly people, people suffering from Frankenstein disease or people who are in a history of getting heart attacks due to genetic disorders. 2018 Manikandan Shanmugam and Monisha Singh. -
A study on smart device application platform
Cloud Computing is considered to be one of the hottest research areas as it provides an approach through which the data is stored and accessed over the Internet in a virtual environment. The main idea to adapt this technology is that it shares the available resources rather than having separate local servers. This technology plays a crucial role in the healthcare sector as the healthcare industries believe that by incorporating cloud services within the healthcare sector it could provide quality services to the patients. Many industrial specialists suggest ways of converting the huge amount of data collected from the healthcare into meaning information and later sharing this valuable information to the user at the right time. The smart device is an electronic rig that is efficient to answer, sympathize and interact mutually with its users and other smart devices, one of the upcoming smart devices are smart shirts. Smart shirts allow the user to share information like Facebook or LinkedIn profile details. This paper focuses on providing wearable devices to the user in order to have monitored over his/her health. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 -
A comparitive study on traditonal healthcare system and present healthcare system using cloud computing and big data
Cloud computing is one the emerging technology which provides all the necessary resources required for day to day operations of an organization in a virtual environment. It is also known as green computing as it reduces the physical existence of the hardware resources. Health is being considered as a basic right for an individual. Even though there are advancements in the healthcare sector of India when compared to earlier stages, there is still a need for betterment in this sector. In order to make progress in this field, constant learning and better economic standards are needed. This paper provides a comparative view of the progress made by India in the healthcare sector after the introduction of two major technologies such as cloud computing and big data. 2017 IEEE. -
Analysis on emotion-aware healthcare and Google cloud messaging
Cloud computing has the potential to get integrated with the healthcare sector. It provides functionality for managing data in a distributed environment. The concept of Healthcare services is becoming popular in the Healthcare sector as it helps the patients to get immediate access regarding his/her health related information whenever needed and wherever needed using cloud computing technology. The Big Data Application in Emotion-aware Healthcare system [BDAEH], gives attention to both the emotion factor and logical reasoning of the user. The basic functions of this system are collecting health-related data, transmitting the collected data, analyzing the received data, storing them and making it available to a user in order to perform diagnosis and predict medications. Mobile devices are becoming an essential tool in our day to day lives. By integrating the concept of Google Cloud messaging alongside BDAEH system, numerous tasks can be done efficiently. 2017 IEEE. -
Heavy metal ion sensing strategies using fluorophores for environmental remediation
The main aim of this review is to provide a holistic summary of the latest advances within the research area focusing on the detection of heavy metal ion pollution, particularly the sensing strategies. The review explores various heavy metal ion detection approaches, encompassing spectrometry, electrochemical methods, and optical techniques. Numerous initiatives have been undertaken in recent times in response to the increasing demand for fast, sensitive, and selective sensors. Notably, fluorescent sensors have acquired prominence owing to the numerous advantages such as good specificity, reversibility, and sensitivity. Further, this review also explores the advantages of various nanomaterials employed in sensing heavy metal ions. In this regard, exclusive emphasis is placed on fluorescent nanomaterials based on organic dyes, quantum dots, and fluorescent aptasensors for metal ion removal from aqueous systems, and to identify the fate of heavy metal ions in the natural environment. 2024 -
CHARACTERIZATION OF BOUNDS FOR ??ADJACENCY ENERGY OF A GRAPH
Recently Nikiforov et.al [9] put forward the ??adjacency energy of a graph G. In this paper, we continue the work on ??adjacency energy and obtain bounds for this new parameter in terms of order, size and the first Zagreb index. Indian Mathematical Society, 2023. -
Exploring motivations, impact, and coping mechanisms of post-dating on female dating app users
Online dating apps are a popular platform for forming new connections. Generally, a virtual acquaintance intensifies between the users, eventually converting it into an offline relationship. Despite the anonymity of users being a prime motivation to initiate a conversation, it does pose challenges, including mental health issues and sexual abuse. There are increasing reports of privacy violations, extortions, cyberstalking, and sexual assaults connected with dating apps. While people in a relationship decide to set boundaries to avoid each other, both users go through an uncomfortable phase. Unless both parties mutually share the responsibility, the relationship issues are not sorted out without going through an abusive phase. One person's separation anxiety might become a physical manifestation, including virtual and physical assaults. The current study relies on focus group discussions to understand postdating app manifestations and its impact on female dating app users. The study involves respondents mostly exposed to online dating. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
DATING APPS, FORMS OF ABUSE AND PERSONALITY TYPE
[No abstract available] -
Ensuring cinema's success and failing audience: Exploring dominant cinematic violence
Screen violence has steadily increased in Indian cinema and has become a commercially lucrative aesthetic. The more Indian cinema portrays violence, the more success it registers, breaking the previous record set by yet another violent crime movie. The intended meaning of these successful violent productions and the screen messages perceived by the audience seem to echo each other, reinforcing specific dominant cultural values. While recording commercial success, these films completely rewire the essential Indian cinematic aesthetics cultivated over a century. This paper is a narrative commentary on the increased violence in Indian cinema in the last six years and attempts to point out the lost significance of other film genres. The arguments presented are drawn from a visual content analysis of 50 commercially successful films produced between 2018-23. The paper attempts to problematize the shrinking diverse audience and the increasing monolithic audience looking for a one-time screen experience rather than appreciating the cinema possibilities as a mass-appealing medium. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Early bruise detection, classification and prediction in strawberry using Vis-NIR hyperspectral imaging
The most frequent kind of damage to strawberries is bruising. However, most of the bruises are so barely perceptible at an early stage on the surface, that detection of them with the human eye is quite challenging. This study proposes a method for accurately detecting and classifying the damage using reflectance imaging spectroscopy. In order to carry out the study, an experiment was devised to artificially induce bruises and a dataset was generated at different bruise intervals. A model for detecting and classifying bruises at their latent stage was developed using machine learning classifiers, including support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), random forest (RF), and decision tree (DT), to investigate the changes over time after bruise occurrence on the detection performance. Regression models for the prediction of bruising time were developed using partial least square regression (PLSR), RF, gradient boosting (GB), support vector regression (SVR), and DT. Among the compared models, both SVM and LDA could achieve 99.99 % classification accuracy. RF was regarded as being the most advisable for detection and prediction jobs due to its high performance. It achieved MSE of 0.052 and R2 of 0.989 for prediction. 2024 Elsevier Ltd