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Secure Communication in Fog Nodes through Quantum Key Distribution
In this intensifying era of big-data, data processing is predominant. Data processing takes place closer to devices in the fog computing, strong security measures are necessary. The Hybrid Encapsulation Mechanism (HEM), Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH), and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) are furnished in this study as a safe method for authentic data sharing between fog nodes. HEM, a special encapsulation technique that makes use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), is used to encrypt the data, and ECDH is used to generate the shared and private keys. A conventional route is then used to convey the data, which may offer a compromise between efficiency and security. But, fog nodes can communicate and exchange shared keys more easily over a quantum channel, which is an efficient quantum key exchange mechanism (QKD). ECC efficiently and rapidly generates encryption keys to safeguard data and these keys are impenetrable by even the most powerful computers due to their proven security. Along with safeguarding private information, this promotes collaboration and trust across fog nodes. The efficiency of the proposed method is calculated considering the execution time, computation cost, key size, and key strength. We discovered that our proposed approach outperforms existing ones when compared to them. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Secure Data Processing System Using Decision Tree Architecture
[No abstract available] -
Secure Decentralization: Examining the Role of Blockchain in Network Security
Blockchain generation has emerged as a novel answer for securing decentralized networks. This technology, which was first created for use in crypto currencies, has received enormous interest in recent years because of its capability for boosting protection in various industries and community protection. The essential precept at the back of block chain technology is the decentralization of statistics garage and control. In a decentralized network, no central authority may control the statistics. Rather, the facts are shipped amongst multiple nodes, making it immune to tampering and single factors of failure. One of the most important advantages of blockchain in community protection is its capacity to offer cozy and transparent communication amongst community customers. Through cryptographic techniques, block chain can affirm the identities of network participants and ensure the authenticity of records trade. This feature is extraordinarily valuable in preventing unauthorized access and facts manipulation. 2024 IEEE. -
SECURE DOMINATION IN TRANSFORMATION GRAPH Gxy+
In this paper, we characterize graphs for which the secure domination number of the transformation graph Gxy+ is 1 or 2. Also we prove that for any connected graph G with at least 4 pendant vertices, the secure domination number is greater than or equal to the secure domination number of the transformation graph G-++. We also find a bound for the secure domination number of G-+ when G is a tree. 2024 Jangjeon Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences and Physics. All rights reserved. -
Secure Equitability in Chemical Networks
Let G (V,E) be a simple connected graph with a set of nodes V(G) and a set of edges E(G). A secure equitable dominating set [Formula Presented] is a dominating set in which, for any vertex [Formula Presented], there exists at least one vertex [Formula Presented] such that the vertex u belongs to the equitable neighborhood of v and, if we swap the vertices u and v, then the equitable domination property of the graph does not change. A secure equitable dominating set of minimum number of nodes in G is named a [Formula Presented] -set and the cardinality of a [Formula Presented] -set is called the secure equitable domination number of G, denoted by [Formula Presented]. In this paper, we study the bounds of secure equitable domination number in certain chemical structures. Moreover, we give an application of the parameter on interconnection networks. 2026 Scrivener Publishing LLC. -
Secure equitable domination in Cartesian product of graphs
In graphs, several domination parameters have been introduced by incorporating a combination of the existing ones. A secure equitable domination is a domination in which the dominating set admits the properties of both; secure as well as equitable dominating sets. An equitable dominating set D of a graph G is said to be secure equitable dominating set, if for every u ? V?D, there exists a vertex v ? D such that u and v are adjacent and {D?{v}}?{u} is an equitable dominating set of G. The minimum cardinality of a secure equitable dominating set of G is called the secure equitable domination number of G. In this paper, we study certain cases were the secure domination, the equitable domination and the secure equitable domination bounds are equal. Moreover, we establish the bounds of secure equitable domination number of the Cartesian product of graphs. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
SECURE EQUITABLE SUBDIVISION NUMBER OF GRAPHS
In this paper, we initiate the study of a new domination parameter: the secure equitable subdivision number of graphs. Moreover, we define the secure equitable subdivision critical graphs and the secure equitable subdivision stable graphs. Furthermore, we investigate how to construct a secure equitable subdivision critical graph. 2024, Canadian University of Dubai. All rights reserved. -
Secure framework of authentication mechanism over cloud environment
Cloud computing offers a cost effective virtual infrastructure management along with storage and application-oriented services to its customers. This innovation quickly turns into a generally very widely accepted worldview for conveying administrations through web. In this way, this administration expert provider must be offer the trust and information security, on the grounds that there is a most vital and profitable and most delicate information in extremely secure using cryptographic techniques to secure the data in cloud. So for ensure the privacy of essential information, it must be secured utilizing encryptions algorithms and afterward transferring to cloud. This paper presents a novel technique for electronic distributed computing administrations utilizing two-variable validation (2FA) access control framework. The prime target of the projected framework is to guarantee a optimal security for all the actors involved in the component design of proposed authentication system. Furthermore, property based control in the framework likewise authorize cloud servers to maximum the access to those clients with the same arrangement of properties while saving client privacy. At long last, we additionally do a reproduction to show the practicability of our proposed framework. The assessment work is done by utilizing expense of communication, data transfer capacity and proficiency of the framework as an execution metric. Springer International Publishing AG 2017. -
Secure IBS Scheme for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) havedrastically grown in recent years since they provide a better and more secure driving experience. Due to its characteristics, it is vulnerable to many security attacks. Even though many authentication schemes are proposed, their overheads are high. Hence, this study proposes a new Identity-Based Signature (IBS) for authentication with privacy-preservation. It supports secure communications with additional security features. It requires less overhead since it uses XOR operations and one-way hash functions for the signing and verification process. When the proposed schemes performance is compared to the recent schemes, it is observed that the proposed approach is more efficient in computation and communication. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Secure Identity Based Authentication for Emergency Communications
The Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) offers secure data transmission between vehicles with the support of reliable authorities and RSUs. RSUs are fully damaged in emergency scenarios like natural catastrophes and are unable to provide the needed services. Vehicles in this scenario must communicate safely without RSUs. Hence, this study suggests a secure and reliable identity-based authentication technique for emergency scenarios. To provide secure vehicle-to-vehicle communication without RSUs, ECC-based IBS is utilized. Additionally, it offers security features like message integrity, privacy protection, and authentication. It is also resistant to attacks depending on authentication and privacy. The proposed technique performs efficiently with less communication and computing cost when its performance is compared with recent schemes. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Secure Image Transmission Scheme based on DNA Sequences
Cryptography and steganography are the most widely utilized and adopted fields of secure data communication. Data transfer can be secured using a combination of these methods. The data is transmitted from sender to receiver using cryptography, the most secure method. At the same time, steganography performs the information hiding in the form of video, image, or text within a cover image. The sensitive data is hidden, so it is not visible to the human eye. The data is stored and transferred more securely by adding DNA technology to the cryptography. It provides additional data security level and is most commonly employed to implement computation. This research developed a new method for combining cryptography with steganography. There are two phases to the proposed method: image encryption and hide phases and image extraction phases. Encryption is done by using the Signcryption algorithm. Four standard images were utilized as test material for the evaluation. Four factors are used to determine the performance of the proposed method as Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error, Entropy, and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) for hiding and extracting the messages. The implementation is done in python. The proposed method achieves better performance when compared to the previously published works. 2022 Seventh Sense Research Group -
Secure key exchange scheme: A DNA computing-based approach to resist MITM in DHKE
Diffie-Hellman key exchange (DHKE) protocol was a pioneering work and considered as a new direction in the field of cryptography though it is not an encryption protocol. DHKE is a method to exchange the keys securely, based on the discrete logarithm problem. It has applications in internet security protocols including SSL, IP Sec and SSH. The major issue with DHKE is its vulnerability to man in the middle attack (MITM). Various techniques have been proposed to resist the MITM including digital signatures. This paper proposes DNA computing-based encryption techniques to resist MITM in DHKE. DNA cryptography builds on the concepts of biomolecular computations which are considered as one of the emerging directions in the cryptography. The proposed methodology also includes an encryption technique based on DNA-based codebook, secret sharing and DNA cryptography to exchange parameters securely. The security analysis of the proposed scheme is evaluated by theoretical analysis. Formal analysis of the proposed protocol is done using Scyther and all the modelled claims are validated and positive results are obtained. Copyright 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Secure magnetic resonance image transmission and tumor detection techniques
The transmission of important medical diagnostic, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) images are vulnerable to third party hackers who does spoofing and they are able to introduce faulty and noisy data that damage the transmission data, which hinders the proper medical diagnostics, research and credibility of labs and doctors, there is a clear lack of awareness and lack of proper security measures taken in transmission of MRI images in the present labs, hospitals and research centers. This project is helpful to reduce the problem of secure transmission of medical images. There are many algorithms which can be applied to these medical images. This project is helpful to provide good security to medical images during transmission. Tumor detection or prediction in medical science is a very complex and expensive job, which is not yet been addressed properly and no proper graphical user interface exists in an open source environment. This project is dedicated to analyze the best tumor detection from an MRI brain image after several segmentation methods such as K-means Clustering and Watershed segmentation. Security is realized considering various techniques for encryption and decryption of the image. The encryption technique finally selected after the survey was based on Rivest, Shamir & Adleman [RSA] algorithm. 2016 IEEE. -
Secure medical sensor monitoring framework using novel optimal encryption algorithm driven by Internet of Things
Recently, healthcare monitoring systems have emerged as significant tolls for constant monitoring of patient's physiological characteristics. These systems use implanted sensors. IoT (Internet of Things) have revolutionized healthcare systems where health care equipment's are equipped with many sensors that actively collect data from patients and pass it on to cloud based storages using gateway sensors. Securing data have been significant barriers in many applications as false information get injected, or important information are modified or stolen at different phases of health care systems dependent on IoT. The attacks can also result in fatalities making it imperative to secure IoT based health care systems. A Hybrid technique combining MOAES (Modified Optimal Advanced Encryption Standard) with CM (Chaotic Map) Encryptions called HMOAES-CM technique is proposed. This technique can be helpful in securely accessing the patient data over online mode, and in addition, the data sharing can be performed in an encrypted form for the necessary targets of stakeholders. The proposed authentication approach is aimed at IoT, which is resilient to all kinds of network attacks and its implementation is also simpler. Comparing the suggested work to similar works, the level of evaluation is much improved. 2023 The Authors -
Secure multi-party computation protocol using asymmetric encryption
Privacy preservation is very essential in various real life applications such as medical science and financial analysis. This paper focuses on implementation of an asymmetric secure multi-party computation protocol using anonymization and public-key encryption where all parties have access to trusted third party (TTP) who (1) doesn't add any contribution to computation (2) doesn't know who is the owner of the input received (3) has large number of resources (4) decryption key is known to trusted third party (TTP) to get the actual input for computation of final result. In this environment, concern is to design a protocol which deploys TTP for computation. It is proposed that the protocol is very proficient (in terms of secure computation and individual privacy) for the parties than the other available protocols. The solution incorporates protocol using asymmetric encryption scheme where any party can encrypt a message with the public key but decryption can be done by only the possessor of the decryption key (private key). As the protocol works on asymmetric encryption and packetization it ensures following: (1) Confidentiality (Anonymity) (2) Security (3) Privacy (Data). 2014 IEEE. -
Secure provenance-based communication using visual encryption
Explicit specification of the historical record of an instance or a data item is called data provenance. It has many applications in various fields with regards to its importance on capturing data flow mechanisms. However, on the other hand, there are good number of security mechanisms in place to withstand the cyber-attacks. Almost all of these algorithms uses complex mathematical calculations in providing security for the systems. Visual cryptography is a peculiar approach which uses concept of secret sharing by dividing the message into transparencies as encryption process. Upon superimposing transparencies one obtains the original message. In this paper, we propose secret sharing as a notion of security onto data provenance. Main inference of this writing is to throw a model combining above two mentioned aspects which gives away an indigenous solution in the area of information security. This proposed model is implemented with specific use case scenarios for substantiation and related analysis. Simulated results and discussion of the same is presented in the paper. 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Secure Through Development: Evaluation of Indias Border Area Development Programme
The Border Area Development Programme was initiated in the year 198687, to strengthen Indias security by ensuring developed and secure borders. Initially, the programme was implemented in the western border states to facilitate deployment of the Border Security Force. Later, the geographical and functional scope of the programme was widened to include eastern and northern sectors of Indias borders and as well as socio-economic aspects such as education, health, agriculture and other allied sectors. But, it is difficult to say that the implementation has been uniform in all the sectors. While the programme on the Western front along the IndiaPakistan border has been fairly successful, it is yet to achieve its stated objectives on the Eastern front. Using an analytical framework, the article examines three aspects of BADP: Its context and concept; identifying challenges that hinder the Programmes effectiveness; and certain policy prescriptions. 2019, 2019 Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. -
Secure video conferencing for virtual counseling sessions: Leveraging the properties of the multidimensional addiction behaviour scale
This chapter explores the integration of secure video conferencing in school counseling, emphasizing its benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations. Video conferencing enhances accessibility, allowing counselors to support students regardless of location, while fostering engagement through interactive tools. Key issues such as maintaining confidentiality, adhering to privacy regulations, and ensuring informed consent are addressed, alongside the importance of professional boundaries and ethical digital recordkeeping. Training for counselors and students is highlighted as essential for effective implementation. The chapter underscores the significance of secure, inclusive virtual counseling in modern schools, balancing technological innovation with human connection. Thoughtful implementation ensures that counseling services remain accessible, secure, and tailored to students' diverse needs, advancing mental health support in evolving educational environments. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
SECURE VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS FOR PERSON REIDENTIFICATION USING ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY
This chapter explores the challenges associated with person reidentification in nonoverlapping multi-camera surveillance setups, considering the wide spread use of video surveillance in public spaces. Automated techniques are crucial to handle the large amounts of data from video surveillance. The topic focuses on person detection and reidentification, addressing challenges like changes in size, pose, and background. Various methods for person reidentification are explored, emphasizing the importance of soft biometric details for accurate identification. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is considered as a secure method for ensuring privacy and data integrity in surveillance systems. ECC's efficiency is highlighted in comparison to RSA, showcasing its ability to provide equivalent security with shorter key lengths, reducing computational requirements. The study employs adaptive background detection, Kalman filtering for multiple object tracking, and a CNN-based deep learning model for pedes trian image classification. Encryption using ECC secures the transmitted data, and at the receiver end, the images undergo decryption, classification, and feature extraction for person reidentification. 2026 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.