Cadmium toxicity in medicinal plants: An overview of the tolerance strategies, biotechnological and omics approaches to alleviate metal stress
cadmium; CRISPR- Cas 9; medicinal plants; plant secondary metabolites; reactive oxygen species; transporters
Medicinal plants, an important source of herbal medicine, are gaining more demand with the growing human needs in recent times. However, these medicinal plants have been recognized as one of the possible sources of heavy metal toxicity in humans as these medicinal plants are exposed to cadmium-rich soil and water because of extensive industrial and agricultural operations. Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely hazardous metal that has a deleterious impact on plant development and productivity. These plants uptake Cd by symplastic, apoplastic, or via specialized transporters such as HMA, MTPs, NRAMP, ZIP, and ZRT-IRT-like proteins. Cd exerts its effect by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interfere with a range of metabolic and physiological pathways. Studies have shown that it has detrimental effects on various plant growth stages like germination, vegetative and reproductive stages by analyzing the anatomical, morphological and biochemical changes (changes in photosynthetic machinery and membrane permeability). Also, plants respond to Cd toxicity by using various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Furthermore, the ROS generated due to the heavy metal stress alters the genes that are actively involved in signal transduction. Thus, the biosynthetic pathway of the important secondary metabolite is altered thereby affecting the synthesis of secondary metabolites either by enhancing or suppressing the metabolite production. The present review discusses the abundance of Cd and its incorporation, accumulation and translocation by plants, phytotoxic implications, and morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of medicinal plants to Cd toxicity. It explains the Cd detoxification mechanisms exhibited by the medicinal plants and further discusses the omics and biotechnological strategies such as genetic engineering and gene editing CRISPR- Cas 9 approach to ameliorate the Cd stress. Copyright 2023 Al-Khayri, Banadka, Rashmi, Nagella, Alessa and Almaghasla.
Al-Khayri J.M.; Banadka A.; Rashmi R.; Nagella P.; Alessa F.M.; Almaghasla M.I.
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1047410 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147182552&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2022.1047410&partnerID=40&md5=87cd043536ef2b9ac94ce676c4de0cb1
Al-Khayri J.M., Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Banadka A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Rashmi R., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Alessa F.M., Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Almaghasla M.I., Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, Plant Pests, and Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authentication of symmetric cryptosystem using anti-aging controller-based true random number generator
AES; Cryptography; Random number generator; TRNG
In todays digital world, data protection is extremely important. Every companys data is a valuable asset, so its important to ensure that it's secured from outside threats. Information security is not only an effective but also a necessary element to protect data from unauthorized access. The confidentiality of any communication system is strengthening with the help of random number generators along with some analog circuitry. This type of analog models demands more power and area. So analog circuit-based hardware Random Number Generators (RNG) are least preferred over digital RNGs. To improve the security every industry depends on the one-time password (OTP). Which gives the security but generation of the OTP is very easy. Random number generator is used for the generation of OTP. Similarly, hacking such OTP is easier than creating them. This paper introduces the Anti-Aging controller TRNG, a highly stable high-performance random number generator Anti-Aging Cryptographically Secured True Random Number Generator (AACTRNG). Implementation of this work can be done by using TANNER EDA Tools and ModelSim-Altera 6.4a (Quartus-II 9.0) used for the simulation to retrieve random numbers. 2021, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology.
Sangeetha Y.; Majji S.; Srinagesh A.; Patnala T.R.; Nalajala S.; Prathap B.R.
Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland), Vol-13, No. 2, pp. 1055-1064.
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Sangeetha Y., Department of IT, Velagapudi Rama Krishna Siddardha Engineering College, Vijayawada, India; Majji S., Department of ECE, GRIET, Hyderabad, India; Srinagesh A., Department of CSE, RVR & JC College of Engineering, Chowdavaram, Guntur, India; Patnala T.R., Shanax Technologies, Hyderabad, India; Nalajala S., Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India; Prathap B.R., CHRIST University, Bangalore, India
Design and genome engineering of microbial cell factories for efficient conversion of lignocellulose to fuel
Bacteria; Biofuel; Ethanol; Filamentous fungi; Metabolic engineering; Synthetic biology
The gradually increasing need for fossil fuels demands renewable biofuel substitutes. This has fascinated an increasing investigation to design innovative energy fuels that have comparable Physico-chemical and combustion characteristics with fossil-derived fuels. The efficient microbes for bioenergy synthesis desire the proficiency to consume a large quantity of carbon substrate, transfer various carbohydrates through efficient metabolic pathways, capability to withstand inhibitory components and other degradation compounds, and improve metabolic fluxes to synthesize target compounds. Metabolically engineered microbes could be an efficient methodology for synthesizing biofuel from cellulosic biomass by cautiously manipulating enzymes and metabolic pathways. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on the trends and advances in metabolic and genetic engineering technologies for advanced biofuel synthesis by applying various heterologous hosts. Probable technologies include enzyme engineering, heterologous expression of multiple genes, CRISPR-Cas technologies for genome editing, and cell surface display. 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Madhavan A.; Arun K.B.; Sindhu R.; Nair B.G.; Pandey A.; Awasthi M.K.; Szakacs G.; Binod P.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128555 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85145294466&doi=10.1016%2fj.biortech.2022.128555&partnerID=40&md5=db2aada628eabde002ceca6b3f8e4683
Madhavan A., School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, Kollam, 690525, India; Arun K.B., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sindhu R., Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, 689 122, India; Nair B.G., School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, Kollam, 690525, India; Pandey A., Center for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India, Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Uttarkhand, Dehradun, 248007, India, Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226 029, India; Awasthi M.K., College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, Yangling, 712 100, China; Szakacs G., Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Szent Gellert ter 4, Budapest, 1111, Hungary; Binod P., Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, 695 019, India
Cytokine see-saw across pregnancy, its related complexities and consequences
anti-inflammatory; cytokine; fetus; immune cells; pregnancy; pro-inflammatory
During pregnancy, a woman's immune system adapts to the changing hormonal concentrations, causing immunologic transition. These immunologic changes are required for a full-term pregnancy, preserving the fetus' innate and adaptive immunity. Preterm labor, miscarriage, gestational diabetes mellitus, and pre-eclampsia are all caused by abnormal cytokine expression during pregnancy and childbirth. A disruption in the cytokine balance can lead to autoimmune diseases or microbiologic infections, or to autoimmune illness remission during pregnancy with postpartum recurrence. The cytokine treatments are essential and damaging to the developing fetus. The current review summarizes the known research on cytokine changes during pregnancy and their possible consequences for pregnant women. Studies suggest that customizing medication for each woman and her progesterone levels should be based on the cytokine profile of each pregnant woman. Immune cells and chemicals play an important function in development of the placenta and embryo. During pregnancy, T cells divide and move, and a careful balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is necessary. The present review focuses on the mother's endurance in generating fetal cells and the immunologic mechanism involved. 2022 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
Meyyazhagan A.; Kuchi Bhotla H.; Pappuswamy M.; Tsibizova V.; Al Qasem M.; Di Renzo G.C.
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vol-160, No. 2, pp. 516-525.
ISSN: 207292; PubMed ID: 35810391; CODEN: IJGOA
https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14333 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143328366&doi=10.1002%2fijgo.14333&partnerID=40&md5=f8e2134ff3daa26fab6d538b4f841d21
Meyyazhagan A., Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, PREIS International and European School of Perinatal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, Florence, Italy; Kuchi Bhotla H., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Tsibizova V., PREIS International and European School of Perinatal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, Florence, Italy, Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation; Al Qasem M., PREIS International and European School of Perinatal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, Florence, Italy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan; Di Renzo G.C., Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, PREIS International and European School of Perinatal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, Florence, Italy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, I.M. Sechenov First State University of Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Exploring the anti-inflammatory activities, mechanism of action and prospective drug delivery systems of tocotrienol to target neurodegenerative diseases
anti-inflammatory; drug delivery; nanotechnology; neurodegenerative diseases; Tocotrienols; vitamin E
A major cause of death in the elderly worldwide is attributed to neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD (Alzheimers disease), PD (Parkinsons disease), ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), FRDA (Friedreichs ataxia), VaD (Vascular dementia) etc. These can be caused due to multiple factors such as genetic, physiological problems like stroke or tumor, or even external causes like viruses, toxins, or chemicals. T3s (tocotrienols) exhibit various bioactive properties where it acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, and cholesterol lowering agent. Since T3 interferes with and influences several anti-inflammatory mechanisms, it aids in combating inflammatory responses that lead to disease progression. T3s are found to have a profound neuroprotective ability, however, due to their poor oral bioavailability, their full potential could not be exploited. Hence there is a need to explore other drug delivery techniques, especially focusing on aspects of nanotechnology. In this review paper we explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of T3 to apply it in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and also discusses the possibilities of nano methods of administering tocotrienols to target neurodegenerative diseases. Copyright: 2023 Mathew AM et al.
Mathew A.M.; Bhuvanendran S.; Nair R.S.; K Radhakrishnan A.
https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.131863.1 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85204511732&doi=10.12688%2ff1000research.131863.1&partnerID=40&md5=247565c62fbcbd786643008834cb7d28
Mathew A.M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Bhuvanendran S., Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia; Nair R.S., School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia; K Radhakrishnan A., Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
Exopolysaccharides Derived from Probiotic Bacteria and their Health Benefits
Adhesion; Anti-biofilm; Anti-inflammatory; Antimicrobial; Colonization; Cytokines; Exopolysaccharide; Immunomodulation; Probiotic
Probiotic bacteria are producers of secretory products such as bacteriocins and polysaccharides. Both homopolymeric and heteropolymeric exopolysaccharides (EPS) present on the surface of microorganisms have shown beneficial properties. While the fact that they play a role in bacterial homeostasis is well established, studies exploring their health promoting effects have also gained traction. Some exopolysaccharides function by inducing immune tolerance, others act by evading immune responses such as those by B and T cells. The interaction between the EPS and the immune system helps protect the bacteria against an attack by the host immune system. Several exopolysaccharides also show tolerogenic properties by reducing the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing IL-10 production. They are also associated with anti-bacterial activity, anti-biofilm activity and anti-tumour properties. This review highlights the different types of exopolysaccharides and their health benefiting potentials. Better understanding of these mechanisms will pave the way for harnessing their potential to improve our health. The Author(s) 2023.
Bhandary T.; Kurian C.; Muthu M.; Anand A.; Anand T.; Paari K.A.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, Vol-17, No. 1, pp. 35-50.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.1.40 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149698833&doi=10.22207%2fJPAM.17.1.40&partnerID=40&md5=3c113945b69c5d94cf844e0272480927
Bhandary T., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Kurian C., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Muthu M., Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Anand A., DST WOSA, Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India; Anand T., Aatral Biosciences Private Limited, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Paari K.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Photoresponsive Carbon-Azobenzene Hybrids: A Promising Material for Energy Devices
azo derivatives; carbon template; energy density; photoswitches; renewable energy
Advancements in renewable energy technology have been a hot topic in the field of photoresponsive materials for a sustainable community. Organic compounds that function as photoswitches is being researched and developed for use in a variety of energy storage systems. Azobenzene photoswitches can be used to store and release solar energy in solar thermal fuels. This review draws out the significance of azobenzene as photoswitches and its recent advances in solar thermal fuels. The recent developments of nano carbon templated azobenzene, their interactions and the effect of substituents are highlighted. The review also introduces their applications in solar thermal fuels and concludes with the challenges and future scope of the material. The advancements of solar thermal fuels with cost effective and desired optimal properties can be explored by scientists and engineers from different technological backgrounds. 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
ISSN: 14394235; PubMed ID: 36445807; CODEN: CPCHF
https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202200676 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143801936&doi=10.1002%2fcphc.202200676&partnerID=40&md5=c78a5024b43a3fc29b915bf2edcae900
Baby A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; John A.M., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Balakrishnan S.P., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Green Synthesis of Bioinspired Nanoparticles Mediated from Plant Extracts of Asteraceae Family for Potential Biological Applications
Asteraceae family; biological activity; characterization; green synthesis; nanoparticle; phytochemicals; toxicity
The Asteraceae family is one of the largest families in the plant kingdom with many of them extensively used for significant traditional and medicinal values. Being a rich source of various phytochemicals, they have found numerous applications in various biological fields and have been extensively used for therapeutic purposes. Owing to its potential phytochemicals present and biological activity, these plants have found their way into pharmaceutical industry as well as in various aspects of nanotechnology such as green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles developed from the plants of Asteraceae family are highly stable, less expensive, non-toxic, and eco-friendly. Synthesized Asteraceae-mediated nanoparticles have extensive applications in antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and photocatalytic degradation activities. This current review provides an opportunity to understand the recent trend to design and develop strategies for advanced nanoparticles through green synthesis. Here, the review discussed about the plant parts, extraction methods, synthesis, solvents utilized, phytochemicals involved optimization conditions, characterization techniques, and toxicity of nanoparticles using species of Asteraceae and their potential applications for human welfare. Constraints and future prospects for green synthesis of nanoparticles from members of the Asteraceae family are summarized. 2023 by the authors.
Jaison J.P.; Balasubramanian B.; Gangwar J.; James N.; Pappuswamy M.; Anand A.V.; Al-Dhabi N.A.; Valan Arasu M.; Liu W.-C.; Sebastian J.K.
https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030543 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85151369114&doi=10.3390%2fantibiotics12030543&partnerID=40&md5=b37c85b857939bcf1176d71887b56007
Jaison J.P., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Gangwar J., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; James N., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Anand A.V., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India; Al-Dhabi N.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Valan Arasu M., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Liu W.-C., Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Sebastian J.K., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India
New Horizons in the Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of MXene Quantum Dots
biocompatibility; bioimaging; fluorescent detection; MXene quantum dots; surface functionalization
The progress of MXenes, a 2D layered structural material since its discovery in 2011 recently arouses a great deal of attention due to their plethora of applications in a diverse range of fields. Their excellent properties in terms of surface chemistry, optical activity, electrical conductivity, presence of abundant active catalytic sites, tunable band gap structure, ease of surface functionalization, and good biocompatibility make them an ideal candidate. The authors aim to guide the readers through various aspects such as their unique properties, synthesis techniques, and the recent advancements associated with MXene quantum dots (QDs). Herein, this review serves as a one-stop point for prospective researchers to gain a better understanding of the application of MXene QDs in various fields including electrochemical detection, biomedical applications, and energy conversion and storage applications. 2023 The Authors. Advanced Materials Interfaces published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Sariga; Babu A.M.; Kumar S., S V; Rajeev R.; Thadathil D.A.; Varghese A.
Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol-10, No. 5
Sariga, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Babu A.M., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Kumar S., S V, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Rajeev R., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Thadathil D.A., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Varghese A., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Three Focused Interventions
ASD; Developmental delay; Machine learning; MRIs; Screening tools
Autism is a neurological developmental disorder that impacts a persons physical, social, and emotional behavior. This disorder develops over time and is characterized by social deficits and repetitive behavior. Although there is no cure for this disorder, an early diagnosis and intervention can do significant wonders and can help the subject to become active functioning members of the family and society. The aim of this study is to minimize the diagnostic period by finding an optimal diagnosis procedure from the existing diagnosis tools. The diagnosis of autism can be done in three ways: 1. clinical evaluation; 2. screening tools; 3. brain images. In this review paper, we have thoroughly gone through all three types of diagnostic procedures and found that there was no single diagnostic tool to confirm the disorder. We also found that the diagnosis period was too long. As the result of this review, we found an ASD diagnosis triad which helps to choose the right diagnosis procedure based on the subjects age which reduces the diagnostic period and helps to aid early diagnosis by eliminating the chaos in choosing the diagnostic tools. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-022-01584-1 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85145583866&doi=10.1007%2fs42979-022-01584-1&partnerID=40&md5=9dce8ad6b6cc3d98902bc14bc87c3ebe
Sujana D.S., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Augustine D.P., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Bangalore, India
Occurrence, identification, and decontamination of potential mycotoxins in fruits and fruit by-products
aflatoxin; alternaria; citrinin; decontamination; fruits; identification; mycotoxin; ochratoxin; patulin
The incidence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and patulin in fruits and processed fruit products has been ever more challenging and gained additional focus on ecofriendly mitigation strategies. The onset of these toxins is due to several factors involving insect attacks, agricultural practices, and climate change. Acute and chronic health hazards are clinically proven after consuming contaminated foodstuffs, even at lower concentrations of mycotoxins. Synergistic, masked, and substantial occurrence in fruit matrices increase their complexity in detection and detoxification; apparently, this article reviewed the available information on the occurrence of mycotoxins in several fruits and their products, focused on the conventional and advanced methods of identification, quantification, and decontamination techniques. Strengthening and implementing stringent international and national guidelines are required for impactful, tangible measures in the future. Nevertheless, controlling the mycotoxins in fruits will certainly be challenging for scientists. Therefore, more impactful technologies are still needed to eliminate the toxins at the threshold level of the food chain and ensure sustainable global food safety. 2023 The Authors. Food Frontiers published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd and Nanchang University, Northwest University, Jiangsu University, Zhejiang University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.
Pushparaj K.; Meyyazhagan A.; Pappuswamy M.; Mousavi Khaneghah A.; Liu W.-C.; Balasubramanian B.
Food Frontiers, Vol-4, No. 1, pp. 32-46.
https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.198 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85145688401&doi=10.1002%2ffft2.198&partnerID=40&md5=a7897de8ee7189c6016c905a45ce4c2a
Pushparaj K., Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Mousavi Khaneghah A., Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wac?aw D?browski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland; Liu W.-C., Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
Refugees in host countries: A comparative study between Uyghurs in Turkey and Tibetans in India
bilateralism; China; comparative politics; critical theories; ethnic minorities; India; refugees; Tibetans; Turkey; Uyghurs; Xinjiang
The status of refugees in host nations may depend upon several factors, including the economic situation of the receiving state, political alignments, international commitments, ethnic affinities, the domestic refugee regime, security considerations and bilateral ties with the home country. The study aims to discern the role that bilateral ties and domestic considerations play in the refugee experience. Is there a pattern that can be drawn out from these two factors? The article uses neoclassical realist and critical theories to better understand the phenomena, while employing the case study method to make a comparative study. The study analyses how India and Turkey have dealt with refugees belonging to two ethnic minorities of the Republic of China: the Tibetans and the Uyghurs. The results show that the way the receiving states handle refugees depends greatly on domestic considerations. It becomes clear that even though bilateral ties between the host and the home nation are important, no simple deduction can be made on how this affects the treatment of refugees. Both cases provide varied response patterns; it is only through a blend of realpolitik and critical theory that the phenomena can be understood. Mapping refugees and their movements, as well as their status in the host countries, determines many of the policies created for their welfare. The article therefore attempts to provide a framework for a better understanding of the phenomena by considering bilateral ties and domestic considerations. The Author(s) 2022.
Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, Vol-8, No. 1, pp. 400-421.
A Bird's-Eye View on Deep Eutectic Solvent-Mediated Multicomponent Synthesis of N-Heterocycles
Deep eutectic solvents; Multicomponent synthesis; N-Heterocycles; One-pot; Review
Multicomponent reactions are crucial for operating organic synthesis. In today's world, chemists concentrate on greener methodologies that cater to rising environmental concerns. Most conventional organic solvents are harsh on the environment, which can be addressed by environmentally and pocket-friendly Deep eutectic solvents (DES). Organic synthesis via MCR in the presence of DES has resulted in the blend of green methodology and green solvent for organic transformations. Forasmuch as addressing the environmental concerns and developing higher heterocycles, our review focuses on the literature published on the DES-mediated Multicomponent synthesis of N-Heterocyclic compounds. 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Kumar S L.; Servesh A.; Kumar Sriwastav Y.; Balasubramanian S.; Tabassum S.; Govindaraju S.
https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202301054 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153763636&doi=10.1002%2fslct.202301054&partnerID=40&md5=c7e053d03a8ef30092eb7df466c70792
Kumar S L., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Servesh A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Kumar Sriwastav Y., Department of Computer Sciences, CHRIST Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Balasubramanian S., Department of Computer Sciences, CHRIST Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Tabassum S., Department of Chemistry, Surana College, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Govindaraju S., Department of Sciences & Humanities, CHRIST Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Stilbenes, a Versatile Class of Natural Metabolites for InflammationAn Overview
inflammation; plant secondary metabolites; resveratrol; stilbenes; viniferins; Vitis vinifera
Stilbenes are polyphenolic allelochemicals synthesized by plants, especially grapes, peanuts, rhubarb, berries, etc., to defend themselves under stressful conditions. They are now exploited in medicine for their antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation is the immune systems response to invading bacteria, toxic chemicals or even nutrient-deprived conditions. It is characterized by the release of cytokines which can wreak havoc on healthy tissues, worsening the disease condition. Stilbenes modulate NF-?B, MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways, and reduce the transcription of inflammatory factors which result in maintenance of homeostatic conditions. Resveratrol, the most studied stilbene, lowers the Michaelis constant of SIRT1, and occupies the substrate binding pocket. Gigantol interferes with the complement system. Besides these, oxyresveratrol, pterostilbene, polydatin, viniferins, etc., are front runners as drug candidates due to their diverse effects from different functional groups that affect bioavailability and molecular interactions. However, they each have different thresholds for toxicity to various cells of the human body, and thus a careful review of their properties must be conducted. In animal models of autoinflammatory diseases, the mode of application of stilbenes is important to their absorption and curative effects, as seen with topical and microemulsion gel methods. This review covers the diversity seen among stilbenes in the plant kingdom and their mechanism of action on the different inflammatory pathways. In detail, macrophages contribution to inflamed conditions in the liver, the cardiac, connective and neural tissues, in the nephrons, intestine, lungs and in myriad other body cells is explored, along with detailed explanation on how stilbenes alleviate the symptoms specific to body site. A section on the bioavailability of stilbenes is included for understanding the limitations of the natural compounds as directly used drugs due to their rapid metabolism. Current delivery mechanisms include sulphonamides, or using specially designed synthetic drugs. It is hoped that further research may be fueled by this comprehensive work that makes a compelling argument for the exploitation of these compounds in medicine. 2023 by the authors.
Al-Khayri J.M.; Mascarenhas R.; Harish H.M.; Gowda Y.; Lakshmaiah V.V.; Nagella P.; Al-Mssallem M.Q.; Alessa F.M.; Almaghasla M.I.; Rezk A.A.-S.
ISSN: 14203049; PubMed ID: 37175197; CODEN: MOLEF
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093786 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85159271506&doi=10.3390%2fmolecules28093786&partnerID=40&md5=83cac4fc92747d4ed5959ba63d848796
Al-Khayri J.M., Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Mascarenhas R., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Harish H.M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Gowda Y., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Lakshmaiah V.V., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Al-Mssallem M.Q., Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Alessa F.M., Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Almaghasla M.I., Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia, Plant Pests, and Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Rezk A.A.-S., Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia, Department of Virus and Phytoplasma, Plant Pathology Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
Commercialization potential of agro-based polyhydroxyalkanoates biorefinery: A technical perspective on advances and critical barriers
Agro waste bioconversion; Polyhydroxyalkanoates commercialization; Polyhydroxyalkanoates production; Waste utilization
The exponential increase in the use and careless discard of synthetic plastics has created an alarming concern over the environmental health due to the detrimental effects of petroleum based synthetic polymeric compounds. Piling up of these plastic commodities on various ecological niches and entry of their fragmented parts into soil and water has clearly affected the quality of these ecosystems in the past few decades. Among the many constructive strategies developed to tackle this global issue, use of biopolymers like polyhydroxyalkanoates as sustainable alternatives for synthetic plastics has gained momentum. Despite their excellent material properties and significant biodegradability, polyhydroxyalkanoates still fails to compete with their synthetic counterparts majorly due to the high cost associated with their production and purification thereby limiting their commercialization. Usage of renewable feedstocks as substrates for polyhydroxyalkanoates production has been the thrust area of research to attain the sustainability tag. This review work attempts to provide insights about the recent developments in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using renewable feedstock along with various pretreatment methods used for substrate preparation for polyhydroxyalkanoates production. Further, the application of blends based on polyhydroxyalkanoates, and the challenges associated with the waste valorization based polyhydroxyalkanoates production strategy is elaborated in this review work. 2023 Elsevier B.V.
Kumar V.; Lakkaboyana S.K.; Tsouko E.; Maina S.; Pandey M.; Umesh M.; Singhal B.; Sharma N.; Awasthi M.K.; Andler R.; Jayaraj I.; Yuzir A.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Vol-234
ISSN: 1418130; PubMed ID: 36801274; CODEN: IJBMD
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123733 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148364620&doi=10.1016%2fj.ijbiomac.2023.123733&partnerID=40&md5=92bc14415d03c9d18977806ac12fd109
Kumar V., Ecotoxicity and Bioconversion Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, Roorkee, India; Lakkaboyana S.K., Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, 600062, India, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT)-Universiti Technologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, Malaysia; Tsouko E., Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, Lemnos, Myrina, 81400, Greece; Maina S., Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens, 11855, Greece; Pandey M., School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, U.P., Greater Noida, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Singhal B., School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, U.P., Greater Noida, India; Sharma N., Metagenomics and Bioprocess Design Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Awasthi M.K., College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Andler R., Escuela de Ingenier en Biotecnolog, Centro de Biotecnolog de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Catica del Maule, Chile; Jayaraj I., Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India; Yuzir A., Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT)-Universiti Technologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, Malaysia
Influence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on human biological timekeeping
Activity-rest cycle; chronotherapy; circadian rhythms; immunology; novel coronavirus
To stay in sync with environmental cues, the body's metabolic activities must be rhythmic, and these rhythmic functions are known as circadian rhythms, which repeat every 24 h. People's sleep-wake and eating patterns were interrupted as a result of house confinement, making them more vulnerable to noncommunicable chronic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period. During the epidemic, there was a greater degree of misalignment with this synchronization. The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) on the human circadian clock are studied in depth. The literature review was conducted fully online, with the website utilized to collect all of the papers from PubMed, and duplicates were handled only in the first phase. Researchers found that individuals of all ages who are pushed to adjust their daily routines shift to the later chronotype, resulting in lifestyle modifications and an altered biological timing system that contributes to noncommunicable chronic illnesses. Chronic illnesses have bidirectional conductance, which means they can be caused by both environmental and self-modification in daily activity, as was the case during the COVID-19 outbreak, which forced people to stay at home. This review comes to the conclusion that fighting the pandemic may be best done by changing medications and focusing on immune health. 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Chaudhary A.; Pappuswamy M.; Paari K.; Malik S.; Meyyazhagan A.; Bhotla H.; Balasubramanian B.; Arumugam V.
Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal, Vol-7, No. 2, pp. 127-135.
https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_57_23 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164961272&doi=10.4103%2fbbrj.bbrj_57_23&partnerID=40&md5=f4ea2a2545bf83577ade256e01780ef0
Chaudhary A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Paari K., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Malik S., Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Bhotla H., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Arumugam V., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Sciences, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
A review on the electrochemical behavior of graphenetransition metal oxide nanocomposites for energy storage applications
Electrochemical energy storage devices like supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries require an improvement in their performance at the commercial level. Among them, supercapacitors are beneficial in sustainable nanotechnologies for energy conversion and storage systems and have high power rates compared to batteries. High chemical and mechanical stability, huge electrical conductivity, and high specific surface area have been beneficial for selecting graphene as a supercapacitor electrode material. The excellent properties of transition metal oxides are accountable for the application in the field of energy storage. The synergistic effects of the composites of graphene derivatives with transition metal oxides will boost the performance of the devices. Recently, several studies have been done for developing supercapacitor electrodes with these nanocomposites. This review article presents an analysis of the performance of these nanocomposites with an overview of their specific capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability for supercapacitor electrode application. A brief introduction of the theory and experimental analysis of supercapacitors is also given. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Journal of Materials Science, Vol-58, No. 14, pp. 6124-6150.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08386-7 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150439611&doi=10.1007%2fs10853-023-08386-7&partnerID=40&md5=a4e8ee01876e0fb93bf7c2ec816fb9fb
Chrisma R.B., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Anila E.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
SARS-CoV-2 Footprints in the Placenta: What We Know after Three Years of the Pandemic
COVID-19; entry factors; obstetric outcomes; perinatal outcomes; placental pathology; SARS-CoV-2; vertical transmission
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues into its third year, there is accumulating evidence on the consequences of maternal infection. Emerging data indicate increased obstetrics risks, including maternal complications, preterm births, impaired intrauterine fetal growth, hypertensive disorders, stillbirth, gestational diabetes, and a risk of developmental defects in neonates. Overall, controversial concerns still exist regarding the potential for vertical transmission. Histopathological examination of the placenta can represent a useful instrument for investigation and can contribute significant information regarding the possible immunohistopathological mechanisms involved in developing unfavorable perinatal outcomes. Based on current evidence, SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect placental tissue by inducing several specific changes. The level of placental involvement is considered one of the determining factors for unfavorable outcomes during pregnancy due to inflammation and vascular injuries contributing to complex cascade immunological and biological events; however, available evidence does not indicate a strong and absolute correlation between maternal infection, placental lesions, and obstetric outcomes. As existing studies are still limited, we further explore the placenta at three different levels, using histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular genetics to understand the epidemiological and virological changes observed in the ongoing pandemic. 2023 by the authors.
Tosto V.; Meyyazhagan A.; Alqasem M.; Tsibizova V.; Di Renzo G.C.
Journal of Personalized Medicine, Vol-13, No. 4
https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040699 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85154026664&doi=10.3390%2fjpm13040699&partnerID=40&md5=a16559a5654dbc4bd3056d2ffd80f9b1
Tosto V., Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06121, Italy; Meyyazhagan A., Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06121, Italy, Perinatology Research Branch, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48202, MI, United States, Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Alqasem M., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, 61710, Jordan; Tsibizova V., PREIS International School, Firenze, 50122, Italy; Di Renzo G.C., Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06121, Italy, PREIS International School, Firenze, 50122, Italy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IM Sechenov First State University, 19c1, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St Petersburg, 197341, Russian Federation
Evaluative study on supercapacitance behavior of polyaniline/polypyrrole metal oxide based composites electrodes: a review
Fabrication methods; Polyaniline based electrodes; Polymer- metal oxide based composites; Polypyrrole based electrodes; Supercapacitors
Electricity is a versatile form of energy but suffers from a drawback in that it cannot be stored easily. Supercapacitors are devices that can address this problem. Fabrication of efficient supercapacitors is the need of the hour, which requires an intelligent selection of the electrode materials and electrochemical conditions. In this review, electrochemical studies and synthesis methods of polymer based metal oxide composites, especially polyaniline and polypyrrole, are discussed in detail. Various fabrication methods that are in use for the preparation of the supercapacitor electrodes are evaluated, which gives an idea of the selection of suitable materials for electrochemical applications. The supercapacitance studies of the reported works are also discussed, which help to understand the efficiency and working of different polymer based metal oxide composites for energy applications. Conducting polymers have good capacitance behavior but low cyclic stability. Incorporating metal oxides, graphene, noble metals, MXenes, and carbon nanotubes enhances the capacitance of conducting polymers. Polyaniline based electrodes show comparatively higher capacitance values compared to polypyrrole based electrodes. The types of supercapacitors, the importance of polymers in supercapacitance applications, and the improvement of the polymer substrates by using various materials like metal oxides to enhance the supercapacitance ability are discussed in depth in this review. 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Varghese A.; Devi K R S.; Kausar F.; Pinheiro D.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101424 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148945811&doi=10.1016%2fj.mtchem.2023.101424&partnerID=40&md5=d69d09ca4c24da11c754d19a1ae64d60
Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Devi K R S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Kausar F., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Pinheiro D., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Review Article: A Review on Starch and CelluloseEnhanced Superabsorbent Hydrogel
Biodegradable; Cellulose; Gelation; Starch; Superabsorbent hydrogel
Superabsorbent hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer units that can absorb water and organic fluids into the three-dimensional network and mimic biological cells when swollen. Hydrogels are categorized as natural, synthetic, and hybrid, depending on their constituent polymer. The novel green synthesis includes the combination of natural polymers with synthetic ones to produce eco-friendly Hydrogels. The networks are established using crosslinkers formed chemically as covalent bonds or ionic bonds and physically if intermolecular forces are involved. Starch and cellulose are naturally occurring biopolymers that make significant applications for hydrogel production. This article reviews hydrogel, its properties, classification, synthesis mechanism, and application in various sectors using starch and cellulose as copolymers. Due to the high range of availability, nontoxic nature, and biodegradability, starch and cellulose-based hydrogels find high regard in the present research era. The biopolymers beneficiation can result in the evolution of economic and sustainable methods for transforming this natural biopolymer into utilitarian organic products. 2023, Sami Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Journal of Chemical Reviews, Vol-5, No. 2, pp. 183-203.
Manuel M., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Jennifer A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, India