Energy efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor networks
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained universal attention now a day s owing to the advancements made in the fields of information and communication technologies and the electronics field. This innovative sensing technology incorporate an immense number of sensor nodes or motes set up in newlinean area to perceive any continuously fluctuating physical phenomena. These newlinetiny sensor nodes sense and process the sensed data and transfer this information to a base station or sink via radio frequency (RF) channel. newlineThe small size of these sensors is an advantage as it can be easily embedded within any device or in any environment. This feature has attracted the use of WSNs in immense applications especially in monitoring and tracking; the most prominent being the surveillance applications. But this tiny size of sensor nodes restricts the resource capabilities. Usually the WSNs are installed in application areas where the human intervention is quite risky or difficult. The sensed information might be needed to take critical decisions in emergency applications. So maintaining the connectivity of the network is of utmost newlineimportance. The efficient use of the available resources to the maximum extend newlineis a necessity to prolong the network lifetime. If any node runs out of power, the newlineentire network connectivity collapses and intend of the deployment might become futile. Because of this reason most of the research in the area of WSNs has concentrated on energy efficiency where the design of energy efficient routing protocols plays a major role. newlineThis research work titled Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks proposes to develop energy efficient routing protocol strategies so as to enhance the lifetime of the WSNs. A thorough study of the existing literature serves as the back bone for attaining acquaintance concerning the pertinent scenario, the problems faced and the application of the WSNs. newlineThe use of clustering and sink mobility to enhance the energy utilisation is explored in this research.
Energy Efficient Smart Scheduling for Multi-path Routing Using Deep Learning
Deep learning; Energy efficient; Multi-path routing; Optimization; Resource management; Smart scheduling
Energy efficiency is a key part of networkingit saves on cost and has an environmental impact. Multi-path routing is a well-known technique used for network traffic management to make it more efficient and reliable. Unfortunately, traditional multi-path routing techniques are oblivious to energy and suffer from poor energy utilization. This paper: An approach to efficient smart scheduling for multi-path routing with deep learning. Employing a deep learning algorithm with relevant network parameters allows us to predict the lightest path for processing in/outbound data. Simulation results demonstrate that our solution guarantees higher energy efficiency than conventional algorithms while enjoying better network performance. This solution proposes the formulation of a green and sustainable networking approach. Thus, it can be better adopted as an innovative security mechanism in many practical scenarios. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
Garg, Amit; Logeshwaran, J.; Dhanasekaran, S.; Gupta, Rishi; Singhal, Saurabh
Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems;Volume;1278;pp.419-432
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-2703-5_28 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105006931876?origin=resultslist
Garg A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Logeshwaran J., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Dhanasekaran S., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India; Gupta R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Singhal S., Department of CSE, Apex Institute of Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
Energy harvesting using two-dimensional magnesiochromite (MgCr2O4)
Device; DFT; Flexoelectricity; MgCr2O4; Two-dimensional material
Two-dimensional (2D) materials with high surface activity can be utilized for harvesting energy from small mechanical sources using flexoelectricity. In the present work, we have synthesized an atomically thin 2D spinel MgCr2O4 by a liquid-phase exfoliation process, and characterization shows the preferential exfoliation along the (111) plane with low formation energy. The fabricated flexoelectric device produces an electrical response up to ?3 V (peak-to-peak voltage) upon pressing and releasing the cell with ?0.98 N force. Furthermore, the energy harvesting properties of 2D MgCr2O4 are explored by combining bending with other sources of external energy, with applied varying magnetic flux (Vmax = ?2.6 V) and temperature with 0.9 N force (Vmax = ?18 V). Our calculations determine that 2D MgCr2O4 has a flexoelectric coefficient of approximately ?XZXZ = 0.005 nC/m. Overall, the results indicate that 2D MgCr2O4 is a very promising material for the next generation of self-powered wearable electronics and energy harvesting. 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Mahapatra P.L.; Singh A.K.; Tromer R.; Kumbhakar P.; Sinha S.K.; Lahiri B.; Kundu T.K.; Galvao D.S.; Tiwary C.S.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2023.100374 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85165357418&doi=10.1016%2fj.mtnano.2023.100374&partnerID=40&md5=15fa984054593ab753085885c0c54ffa
Mahapatra P.L., School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, West Bengal, Kharagpur, 721302, India; Singh A.K., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India; Tromer R., Applied Physics Department and Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, S Paulo, Brazil; Kumbhakar P., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Sinha S.K., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India; Lahiri B., Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India; Kundu T.K., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India; Galvao D.S., Applied Physics Department and Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, S Paulo, Brazil; Tiwary C.S., Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
Energy Harvesting Using ZnO Nanosheet-Decorated 3D-Printed Fabrics
3D printing; energy harvesting; interface; nanogenerator; two-dimensional ZnO
In this work, we decorated piezoresponsive atomically thin ZnO nanosheets on a polymer surface using additive manufacturing (three-dimensional (3D) printing) technology to demonstrate electrical-mechanical coupling phenomena. The output voltage response of the 3D-printed architecture was regulated by varying the external mechanical pressures. Additionally, we have shown energy generation by placing the 3D-printed fabric on the padded shoulder strap of a bag with a load ranging from ?5 to ?75 N, taking advantage of the excellent mechanical strength and flexibility of the coated 3D-printed architecture. The ZnO coating layer forms a stable interface between ZnO nanosheets and the fabric, as confirmed by combining density functional theory (DFT) and electrical measurements. This effectively improves the output performance of the 3D-printed fabric by enhancing the charge transfer at the interface. Therefore, the present work can be used to build a new infrastructure for next-generation energy harvesters capable of carrying out several structural and functional responsibilities. 2023 American Chemical Society.
Kumbhakar P.; Ambekar R.S.; Parui A.; Roy A.K.; Roy D.; Singh A.K.; Tiwary C.S.
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol-15, No. 37, pp. 44513-44520.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c08374 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85171900799&doi=10.1021%2facsami.3c08374&partnerID=40&md5=3ff67744c99edb810c532476d9d5eebe
Kumbhakar P., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, Kharagpur, 721302, India, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Ambekar R.S., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, Kharagpur, 721302, India; Parui A., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560012, India; Roy A.K., Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AFB, 45433-7718, OH, United States; Roy D., Directorate of Nanomaterials, DMSRDE, GT Road, Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur, 208013, India; Singh A.K., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560012, India; Tiwary C.S., Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, Kharagpur, 721302, India
Energy Intelligence: The Smart Grid Perspective
Smart grids enable a two-way data-driven flow of electricity, allowing systematic communication along the distribution line. Smart grids utilize various power sources, automate the process of energy distribution and fault identification, facilitate better power usage, etc. Artificial Intelligence plays an important role in the management of power grids, making it even smarter. With the help of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things, smart grids can optimize the energy consumption, provide continuous feedback on usage, and monitor live usage statistics, thereby making the energy intelligent. Smart grids require specific hardware to continuously monitor and adapt to the requirements of the system. By enabling energy intelligence, we empower building-level and city-level optimizations that make use of green energy, thereby contributing more toward sustainable development. Thus, the multifaceted energy management system uses sustainable and renewable energy sources, combined with smart devices to provide a two-way communication system to optimize the end-to-end distribution of energy, beneficial to both suppliers and consumers. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
Eapen N.G., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Pune Lavasa Campus, India; Harsha K.G., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Pune Lavasa Campus, India; Kesan A., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Pune Lavasa Campus, India
Energy management of hybrid microgrids A comparative study with hydroplus and methanol based fuel cells
Battery degradation; Emissions; Energy management; Fuel cells; Hydroplus; Operations cost
Energy management is essential for the efficient operation of microgrids with reduced energy costs and minimized emissions. Energy management of PV/battery/fuel cell/diesel generator-based microgrid to minimize the operations cost considering battery degradation and emissions for a fully functional microgrid existing in the campus of Sultan Qaboos University, Oman, is presented in this work. A microgrid with a state-of-the-art hydroplus fuel cell without the necessity for hydrogen storage is presented in this study with experimentally obtained parameters. Also, a comparison of operations cost with microgrids using two different technologies of PEM fuel cells, one with hydroplus fuel cell and the second with the methanol fuel cell which requires provision for hydrogen storage is performed with three different cases; the scheduled, grid-tied, and islanded with different scenarios under grid-tied mode. The analysis proved that using a hydroplus fuel cell instead of a methanol fuel cell with hydrogen storage reduces the cost of the daily operation by 6.9% in the scheduled mode and 18.2% in the islanded mode. In the grid-tied mode three different grid limits, 20 kW, 15 kW, and 10 kW are considered. The analysis showed no reduction, 1.3% and 5.9% reduction in the operations cost respectively. The results obtained are highly promising to be applied in microgrids where conventional fuel cells are currently employed. The new technology of fuel cells introduced in this study, possesses the advantages of near zero emissions and reduced operations costs besides avoiding the perilousness of hydrogen storage. 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol-85, pp. 909-930.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.08.405 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85202354491&doi=10.1016%2fj.ijhydene.2024.08.405&partnerID=40&md5=f7b938e75db7c046baa4d240f8297728
Allwyn R.G., EEE Department, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ(Deemed to Be University), Bangalore Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, India, ECE Department, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O Box 33, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman; Margaret V., EEE Department, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ(Deemed to Be University), Bangalore Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, India; Al-Hinai A., ECE Department, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O Box 33, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman, Sustainable Energy Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Energy Management System for EV Charging Infrastructure
Demand-Supply Balancing; Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging; Energy Management Systems (EMS); Real-Time Power Allocation; Renewable Energy Integration; Smart Grid
The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a significant rise in the demand for efficient and sustainable charging infrastructure. Managing the energy supply to meet this growing demand while ensuring grid stability presents a critical challenge. This paper presents an energy management system designed for electric vehicle charging infrastructure that balances demand and supply in real time. The proposed system dynamically allocates available power to connected EVs based on their charging demands and the total power available, ensuring optimal utilization of energy resources. By simulating various scenarios, the system demonstrates its capability to prevent overloading, efficiently distribute power, and prioritize critical energy needs. The results of the simulation show that the system can effectively manage power distribution, reduce peak load impact, and enhance the reliability of EV charging networks. This approach offers a scalable and adaptable solution for integrating EVs into the existing power grid, contributing to the development of smart and sustainable transportation systems. The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.
Bhutkar G.; Kumar Y.; Subramani R.; Jothi E.; Valarmathy A.S.; Sherje N.; Tharmar S.
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202459104004 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85211798420&doi=10.1051%2fe3sconf%2f202459104004&partnerID=40&md5=aef97eea211aa5b0b909ab931d3ac168
Bhutkar G., Department of Computer Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India; Kumar Y., Institute of Business Management, GLA University, Mathura, India; Subramani R., Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Jothi E., Department of IT, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, Tamil nadu, Chennai, 600073, India; Valarmathy A.S., Department of EEE, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College, Chennai, 127, India; Sherje N., Mechanical Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri, Pune, India; Tharmar S., Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai, India
Energy saving, waste management, and pollution free steps for university campuses
Efficacy; SDG-implementation training; UN-SDG; University campus
Global warming is a worldwide concern and the documents related to the need for sustainable measures seen in academic and non-academic literature. In a highly populated country like India, these are more severe worries. Multiple established educational institutions across India have taken significant steps in educating their students on sustainable development goals (SDG). Currently there is a need to assess the extent of effect such training has on student populations of such institutes. Present study attempted to assess the efficacy of SDG-implementation training programmes in a reputed private university, through student assessment of student behaviors outside the institute and in their personal life. Using semi-structured in-depth interview methods, interviewed eight students of Undergraduate and Postgraduate programmes. These students were active participants of community service programmes arranged by the university within a sustainable development model. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis methods. Emerged themes from data analysis indicate a positive change in their worldview and significant modifications in their personal behavior towards sustainability because of being part of such programmes. Educating others through practice and increased socio-environmental awareness were also major themes. Current study contributes in assessing efficacy of sustainability programmes in educational institutions. This study also suggests few recommendations for increasing competence of the same. 2021 Author(s).
Prakasha G.S.; Chakraborty R.; Kenneth A.
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066325 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85116727587&doi=10.1063%2f5.0066325&partnerID=40&md5=a950c001e84ed09275aafb8644d0c510
Prakasha G.S., School of Education, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Chakraborty R., Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Kenneth A., School of Education, Christ University, Bangalore, India
Energy sector in India: Challenges and solutions
Challenges; Energy demands; Energy sector; Energy solutions; Non-conventional
Energy plays a vital role in the socio-economic development and human welfare of a country. It is indeed a difficult task to meet the ever increasing demand with minimum environmental risks. Population explosion and economic growth are the two major facts that drives the energy demands. The economic growth rate of India has hit the decade low of 5% in 2012-13, which shows the challenges yet to come. India being a fast developing nation with second largest population in the world, faces a significant challenge to meet the desired economic growth rate and to provide adequate access to affordable and clean energy for a large population. With the growing concern about India's population, energy demands and climatic issues, it is difficult to formulate a sustainable energy plan for the country. At the same time energy plan should have minimal effects on the health of nature by reducing CO2 emissions. To cut down CO2 emissions, to reduce fossil fuel import bills and to reduce the dependence on a third country energy supplies, India has to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the country's final energy consumption to at least 18% by 2020. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of India's energy sector, discusses the current scenario, identifies the energy utilization, challenges and puts forward some effective solutions in meeting the increasing energy demands. 2013 IEEE.
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Green Computing, Communication and Conservation of Energy, ICGCE 2013, pp. 519-524.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGCE.2013.6823492 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84903287243&doi=10.1109%2fICGCE.2013.6823492&partnerID=40&md5=1d30c408f3c170dad523f024a9fbbe24
Paul J.S., Christ University, Faculty of Engineering, Banglore, Karnataka, India; Sivan A.P., Christ University, Faculty of Engineering, Banglore, Karnataka, India; Balachandran K., Christ University, Faculty of Engineering, Banglore, Karnataka, India
Energy Storage System Modelling for Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Characteristics; Charge; Curves; Discharge; Electrical; State of charge
The equivalent circuit model (ECM)-based traditional state-of-charge (SoC) estimate approaches combine all state variables into a single enhanced state vector. However, the stability and accuracy of the estimates are compromised by the correlations between RC voltages and SOC. In this article, the four battery chemistries have been discussed for their state variable characterization i.e. state of charge (SOC). The battery types considered are lead acid, nickel metal hydride, lithium ion. The manufacturera's battery discharge curves are used to determine the model parameters, and a method is also described for doing this. An improved battery model is suggested in this study that can be applied to HEV design and analysis. By incorporating the electrical characteristics of the battery, the model generates precise results. The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2024.
Mohammed G.; Srividya Devi P.; Durgadevi G.; Subramani R.; Husain S.O.
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456402012 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85203805758&doi=10.1051%2fe3sconf%2f202456402012&partnerID=40&md5=b73da57e214db6c6ce938ac664956bfc
Mohammed G., Ahl Al Bayt University, Karbala, Iraq; Srividya Devi P., Department of EEE, GRIET, Bachupally, Telangana, Hyderabad, India; Durgadevi G., New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, India; Subramani R., Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Husain S.O., Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq, Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq, Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
Energy-Aware Multilevel Clustering Scheme for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Clustering algorithm; Energy-aware clustering; Underwater wireless sensor networks; UWSN
The expansion of wireless sensor networks in the underwater environment resulted in underwater wireless sensor networks. It has dramatically impacted the research arena because of its widespread and real-time applications. But successful implementation of underwater wireless sensor networks faces many issues. The primary concern in the underwater sensor network is sensor nodes' energy depletion problem. In this paper, to improve the lifetime of the underwater wireless sensor network, an Energy-Aware Multi-level Clustering Scheme is proposed. The underwater network region is considered 3D concentric cylinders with multiple levels. Further, each level is divided into various blocks, representing one cluster. The proposed algorithm follows vertical communication mode from the sea bed to the surface area in a bottom-up fashion. Multiple levels with varying heights overcome the communication issues due to high water pressure towards the sea bed. Simulations are carried out to show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, which performs better in terms of a prolonged network lifetime and average residual energy. The simulation result shows significant improvement in the network lifetime compared with current algorithms. 2013 IEEE.
Chinnasamy S.; Naveen J.; Alphonse P.J.A.; Dhasarathan C.; Sambasivam G.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3177722 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130838455&doi=10.1109%2fACCESS.2022.3177722&partnerID=40&md5=774f71cd85f8797054461ef77776c7f1
Chinnasamy S., Madanapalle Institute Of Technology And Science, Madanapalle, 517325, India; Naveen J., Christ (Deemed To Be University), Department Of Computer Science And Engineering, Bengaluru, 560060, India; Alphonse P.J.A., National Institute Of Technology At Tiruchirappalli, Department Of Computer Applications, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, India; Dhasarathan C., Thapar Institute Of Engineering And Technology, Department Of Computer Science And Engineering, Punjab, Patiala, 147004, India; Sambasivam G., Isbat University, Faculty Of Information And Communication Technology, Kampala, Uganda
Energy-based features for Kannada handwritten digit recognition
In this paper, Kannada handwritten digit recognition system is proposed based on energy features. Ground truth datasets are not available to test the performance of proposed features. Hence, own dataset of Kannada handwritten digits are collected from schools, colleges, business persons and professionals. The digital images are pre-processed using morphological opening operation for removing the noise and bilinear operation is used for normalisation. The normalised image is divided into 16 blocks, and then wavelet filters were applied for each of the 16 blocks and computed the standard deviation for each of them. In this process, a total of 64 standard deviation of the wavelet coefficients are generated of which 48 coefficients are selected as potential features. The average recognition accuracy of 94.80% is achieved using nearest neighbour classifier. The proposed algorithm is free from skew and thinning and it is novelty of the paper. Copyright 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
International Journal of Computational Vision and Robotics, Vol-10, No. 2, pp. 156-166.
https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCVR.2020.105684 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081582817&doi=10.1504%2fIJCVR.2020.105684&partnerID=40&md5=0e8b57543030a1fb89e4ab47b66d8b6c
Mukarambi G., Department of Computer Science, School of Computer Science, Central University of Karnataka, Kadaganchi, Aland Road, Kalaburagi, India; Dhandra B.V., Department of Statistics, Christ (Deemed University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Energy-efficient and secure routing strategy for opportunistic data transmission in WSNs
attackers; energy consumption; opportunistic; security; WSN
Driven by the critical importance of routing in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the security vulnerabilities present in existing protocols, this research aims to address the key challenges in securing WSNs. Many current routing protocols focus on computational efficiency but fall short of providing strong security measures, leaving them vulnerable to malicious attacks. Reactive protocols, often preferred for their reduced bandwidth usage, heighten security concerns due to their limited resources for maintaining network routes, while proactive alternatives require more resources. Additionally, the ad hoc nature and energy limitations of WSNs make traditional security models, designed for wired and wireless networks, impractical. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces the Secured Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Scheme for sustainable WSNs. The proposed protocol is designed to enhance security by continuously updating neighbor information and verifying the validity of routing parameters, while also being power-aware, a critical factor given the energy constraints of WSNs. The protocol has been evaluated through simulation experiments, measuring key performance indicators such as throughput, average end-to-end delay (E2 delay), energy consumption, and network lifetime. The results demonstrate that the proposed protocol effectively strengthens WSN security while addressing the unique operational constraints of these networks. 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Narayana P.; Keerthi K.; Khalaf O.I.; Chithaluru P.; Patil M.A.; Tumula S.; Jayaram D.; Sharif M.S.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
Narayana P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Stanley College of Engineering and Technology for Women, Hyderabad, India; Keerthi K., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Methodist College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India; Khalaf O.I., Department of Solar, Al-Nahrain Research Center for Renewable Energy, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq; Chithaluru P., School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCOPE), VIT-AP University, Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, India; Patil M.A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ (Deemed to be University, School of Engineering and Technology, Bengaluru, Kengeri, India, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G. Narayanamma Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Shaikpet, India; Tumula S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G. Narayanamma Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Shaikpet, India; Jayaram D., Department of Information Technology, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (A), Hyderabad, India; Sharif M.S., Intelligent Technologies Research Group, Computer Science and DT, ACE, UEL, University Way, London, United Kingdom
Narayana, Potu; Keerthi, K.; Khalaf, Osamah Ibrahim; Chithaluru, Premkumar; Patil, Manoj A.; Tumula, Sridevi; Jayaram, Dharmana; Sharif, Mhd Saeed
Journal of Cyber Security Technology;Volume;10;Issue;1;pp.1-36
https://doi.org/10.1080/23742917.2024.2431355 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85210908911?origin=resultslist
Narayana P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Stanley College of Engineering and Technology for Women, Hyderabad, India; Keerthi K., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Methodist College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India; Khalaf O.I., Department of Solar, Al-Nahrain Research Center for Renewable Energy, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq; Chithaluru P., Department of Information Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Telangana, India; Patil M.A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ (Deemed to be University, School of Engineering and Technology, Bengaluru, Kengeri, India, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, G. Narayanamma Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Shaikpet, India; Tumula S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (A), Hyderabad, India; Jayaram D., Department of Information Technology, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (A), Hyderabad, India; Sharif M.S., Intelligent Technologies Research Group, Computer Science and DT, ACE, UEL, University Way, London, United Kingdom
Energy-Efficient Cluster in Wireless Sensor Network Using Life Time Delay Clustering Algorithms
End to end delay; Energy efficient; Gravity analysis algorithmGAA; Life time delay clustering algorithms-LTDCA; WSNs
Through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) formation, industrial and academic communities have seen remarkable development in recent decades. One of the most common techniques to derive the best out of wireless sensor networks is to upgrade the operating group. The most important problem is the arrangement of optimal number of sensor nodes as clusters to discuss clustering method. In this method, new client nodes and dynamic methods are used to determine the optimal number of clusters and cluster heads which are to be better organized and proposed to classify each round. Parameters of effective energy use and the ability to decide the best method of attachments are included. The Problem coverage find change ability network route due to which traffic and delays keep the performance to be very high. A newer version of Gravity Analysis Algorithm (GAA) is used to solve this problem. This proposed new approach GAA is introduced to improve network lifetime, increase system energy efficiency and end delay performance. Simulation results show that modified GAA performance is better than other networks and it has more advanced Life Time Delay Clustering Algorithms-LTDCA protocols. The proposed method provides a set of data collection and increased throughput in wireless sensor networks. 2022 CRL Publishing. All rights reserved.
Kumar V.; Jayapandian N.; Balasubramanie P.
Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol-43, No. 1, pp. 77-86.
All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2022.023481 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85126928308&doi=10.32604%2fcsse.2022.023481&partnerID=40&md5=2f618efcc2298f7c86185894f743c8eb
Kumar V., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, India; Jayapandian N., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Balasubramanie P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, India
Energy-Efficient Cluster-Based Reliable Routing Using Hybrid Nutcracker and Improved Sand Cat Optimization Algorithm for Extending Network Lifetime in WSNs
CH selection; nutcracker optimization algorithm (NCOA); optimized route determination; sand cat optimization algorithm (SCOA); sink node mobility network lifetime
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are deployed in a target region for sensing environmental physical parameters to attain the objective of reactive decision-making. These sensor nodes necessitate energy for processing and forwarding the sensed data to the base station (BS) for better data delivery in WSNs. Balanced energy utilization in WSNs prevents the problem of hotspot, and dynamic cluster head (CH) selection with reliable route establishment is a vital decision-making approach that helps in optimal path selection with maximized energy conservation. In this paper, a nutcracker and sand cat optimization algorithm (NCSCOA)based multiobjective CH selection and sink node mobility scheme is propounded for enabling rapid and reliable data transmission with reduced energy consumption in heterogeneous WSNs. This NCSCOA handled the problem of hotspot as well as isolated nodes and facilitated loop-free routing with the support of the improved nutcracker optimization algorithm (INCOA) that makes the decision of routing using local and global search optimization processes. It constructed an energy-level matrix (ELM) by deriving the impactful factors of intercluster formation, distance between CH and BS, residual energy (RE), and node density for achieving optimal CH selection and route determination. In specific, improved sand cat optimization algorithm (ISCOA) is used during the intercluster formation phase by discovering the optimized path between source and destination during route establishment. Simulation-based findings of the proposed NCSCOA confirmed its efficacy by improving the mean number of alive nodes by 23.18%, reducing energy consumption and delay by 21.86% and 20.98% compared to benchmarked protocols. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Sahayaraj, JosephMartin; Prabaharan, Gopi; Kartheesan, Loganathan; Jayapandian, Natarajan
International Journal of Communication Systems;Volume;38;Issue;7;Article No.;e70054;
https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.70054 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105000388082?origin=resultslist
Sahayaraj J., Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Telangana, Hyderabad, India; Prabaharan G., School of Computing, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India; Kartheesan L., Department of Computer Science Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Science, Andhra Pradesh, Rajampet, India; Jayapandian N., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Energy-Efficient Long-Range Sectored Antenna for Directional Sensor Network Applications
Cooja simulator; Directional sensor networks; Microstrip patch antenna; Radio frequency switchboard; Sectored antenna
The popularity of Directional Sensor Network (DSN) is increasing due to their improved transmission range, spectral reusability, interference mitigation, and energy efficiency. In this paper, the radio module of the DSN is implemented using an eight-sector antenna array. Two types of sectored antennas, namely the Rectangular Patch Sectored Antenna (RPSA) and the Triangular Patch Sectored Antenna (TPSA), are proposed to operate at frequency of 2.4 GHz ISM band. The RPSA has a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 45 and a peak gain of 5.2 dBi, while the TPSA has an HPBW of 48 and a peak gain of 4.16 dBi. The design and performance evaluation of RPSA and TPSA in terms of gain, reflection characteristics (|S11|), and HPBW are conducted using Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). To demonstrate the concept, the fabricated sectored antennas are connected to MicaZ Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes using an indigenously designed Single Pole 8 Throw (SP8T) Radio Frequency (RF) switchboard. The performance of the DSNs based on RPSA and TPSA is evaluated using the Cooja simulator and a testbed consisting of MicaZ nodes. The results show that RPSA outperforms TPSA and omnidirectional-based WSNs in terms of power consumption, received signal strength, and packet delivery ratio. 2024 IETE.
Nagaraju S.; Gudino L.J.; Kadam B.V.; Khairnar V.V.; Rodriguez J.X.; Ramesha C.K.
IETE Journal of Research, Vol-70, No. 5, pp. 4442-4452.
Nagaraju S., Department of Computer Science & Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Gudino L.J., Department of Computer Science & Information Systems, BITS Pilani, Pilani, India; Kadam B.V., Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, BITS Pilani K. K. Birla Goa campus, Goa, India; Khairnar V.V., School of Electronics Engineering, VIT-AP University, Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, India; Rodriguez J.X., Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Ramesha C.K., Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, BITS Pilani K. K. Birla Goa campus, Goa, India
Energy-efficient low-power LED-mediated effective photodegradation of cationic and anionic dyes by phthalocyanine-based COF sensitized ZnO photoactive material
2D COF; Cationic and anionic dyes; LED light source; Photodegradation; Phthalocyanine
The present work involves the synthesis of 2D covalent organic framework involving zinc phthalocyanine and perylene systems (2DZnPc) as low-power LED visible-light sensitizer for ZnO nanomaterial. The synthesized materials and their composites (2DZnPc@ZnO) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Solid-state diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer to understand the structure, size, morphology, and optical properties. To examine the photodegradation competence of ZnO alone and its four different composites (2DZnPc@ZnO5, 2DZnPc@ZnO10, 2DZnPc@ZnO15, and 2DZnPc@ZnO20) in the presence of the energy-efficient low-power white LED (16 W) as source of visible light, and as modular pollutants, cationic methylene violet (MV) and anionic Eosin Y (EY) dyes were employed. The effect of different parameters on photocatalytic activity such as photocatalyst dosage, interaction time, pH of dye solution, and photocatalyst re-usage is examined. The results indicate that photosensitizing ZnO with 2DZnPc improved photocatalytic performance for the photodegradation of MV and EY dyes substantially. In an optimized environment, the removal efficiency of MV and EY was found to be 98 and 92 % respectively in 90 min. 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Rajappa S.; Shivarathri P.G.; Rajappa M.H.; Devendrachari M.C.; Kotresh H.M.N.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2024.116881 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186126851&doi=10.1016%2fj.poly.2024.116881&partnerID=40&md5=4a931ced4f3008185dd465e5f23eed88
Rajappa S., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Mysore Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Shivarathri P.G., Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Outer ring road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560103, India; Rajappa M.H., Department of Chemistry, Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Karnataka, Davanagere, 577004, India; Devendrachari M.C., Interaction Laboratory, Future Convergence Engineering, Advanced Technology Research Center, Korea University of Technology and Education, Chungcheongnam-do, Cheonan-si, 31253, South Korea; Kotresh H.M.N., Department of Chemistry, Acharya Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560107, India
Energy-efficient smart cities with green internet of things
Energy efficiency; Green IoT; Smart city; Sustainability; Technology
With governments of different countries having a vision of smart cities, the technology adoption and implementation are at its peak and the current increase in the usage of advanced technology for a smart city has led to an increase in the carbon imprint across the globe, which needs immediate attention for the environment sustainability. Although the Internet of things (IoT)-enabled devices have changed our world by bringing an ease to our lifestyle, it has to be kept under consideration that they also have adverse effects on the environment. Over the past few years, enabling energy conservation via Internet of Things in the growth of smart cities has received a great deal of attention from researchers and industry experts and has paved the way for an emerging field called the green IoT. There are different dimensions of IoT, in which an effective energy consumption is needed to encourage a sustainable environment. This conceptual paper focuses on the key concept of green IoT and sustainability, knowledge of Smart cities' readiness to Green IoT (G-IoT)-enabled sustainable practices, and identifying the Green IoT sustainability practices for smart cities. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.
Sinha M.; Chacko E.; Makhija P.; Pramanik S.
Green Technological Innovation for Sustainable Smart Societies: Post Pandemic Era, pp. 345-361.
Sinha M., School of Business and Management CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Chacko E., Center for Management Studies, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Makhija P., Center for Management Studies, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Pramanik S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, West Bengal, India
Engaged institution model: A faculty perspective
This paper attempts to build the engaged institution model from faculty perspective. Data was collected from 200 faculty members across disciplines, who were engaged in community engagement and social responsibility activities in one or the other ways. On analysis of the data, it was found that Instruction and Research, Facilitator, Scholarship factors contribute towards community engagement activities in higher educational institutions and that these factors contribute towards Faculty engagement, Student engagement and Community Engagement. All these factors create Engagement institution model. This work has an implications on theory, practice and policy. Service learning, as a pedagogical tool if implemented in HEIs can effectively bring all the influencing factors together and can help in creating an engaged institution. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Effective and Meaningful Student Engagement Through Service Learning, pp. 43-60.
Kavatekar S., Department of Commerce, Christ University, Bangalore, India