Facial pain expression recognition in real-time videos
Recognition of pain in patients who are incapable of expressing themselves allows for several possibilities of improved diagnosis and treatment. Despite the advancements that have already been made in this field, research is still lacking with respect to the detection of pain in live videos, especially under unfavourable conditions. To address this gap in existing research, the current study proposed a hybrid model that allowed for efficient pain recognition. The hybrid, which consisted of a combination of the Constrained Local Model (CLM), Active Appearance Model (AAM), and Patch-Based Model, was applied in conjunction with image algebra. This contributed to a system that enabled the successful detection of pain from a live stream, even with poor lighting and a low-resolution recording device. The final process and output allowed for memory for storage that was reduced up to 40%-55% and an improved processing time of 20%-25%. The experimental system met with success and was able to detect pain for the 22 analysed videos with an accuracy of 55.75%-100.00%. To increase the fidelity of the proposed technique, the hybrid model was tested on UNBC-McMaster Shoulder Pain Database as well. 2018 Pranti Dutta and Nachamai M.
Journal of Healthcare Engineering, Vol-2018
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
Dutta P., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Nachamai M., Siemens India, Bengaluru, 560100, India
Facial Recognition Model Using Custom Designed Deep Learning Architecture
Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Facial recognition
Facial Recognition is widely used in some applications such as attendance tracking, phone unlocking, and security systems. An extensive study of methodologies and techniques used in face recognition systems has already been suggested, but it doesn't remain easy in the real-world domain. Preprocessing steps are mentioned in this, including data collection, normalization, and feature extraction. Different classification algorithms such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Nae Bayes, and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are examined deeply, along with their implementation in different research studies. Moreover, encryption schemes and custom-designed deep learning architecture, particularly designed for face recognition, are also covered. A methodology involving training data preprocessing, dimensionality reduction using Principal Component Analysis, and training multiple classifiers is further proposed in this paper. It has been analyzed that a recognition accuracy of 91% is achieved after thorough experimentation. The performance of the trained models on the test dataset is evaluated using metrics such as accuracy and confusion matrix. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Kesarwani T.; Mittal R.; Panwar D.; Saini G.L.; Kumar S.
Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-969 LNNS, pp. 457-467.
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Kesarwani T., Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Mittal R., Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Panwar D., Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Saini G.L., Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Kumar S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India
Facile combustion synthesis of highly active Mo doped BiVO4 for photocatalytic dye degradation, photo-oxidation of alcohols, antifungal and antioxidant activities
alcohol oxidation; antifungal; antioxidant; dye degradation; green synthesis; Molybdenum-doped bismuth vanadate; photocatalysis
This work represents the facile and green synthesis of Molybdenum (Mo)-doped bismuth vanadate (BiVO4). Green synthesis of Mo-doped BiVO4 was done using combustion technique using Mangifera indica (Mango) leaf extract as the fuel for combustion. The material synthesised was pure and characterised using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, ultravioletvisible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). It was found that Mo-doped BiVO4 had monoclinic scheelite phase, with a bandgap of 3.71eV. Various application was possible from the synthesised material like photodegradation of Malachite Green, a typical organic which showed excellent degradation efficiency of 99% under 120minutes. The catalyst also gave up to 95% yields in the light-assisted oxidation of aromatic alcohols to corresponding aldehydes. The material also showed excellent antioxidant properties showing 6.7g of ascorbic acid equivalence (AAE). It gave an excellent minimum lethal dosage (MLD) of 500g against Penicillium and Trichoderma fungal strains and showed maximum of 32 mm zone of inhibition. These applications show the versatility of the material to be used in various fields. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Warrier V.G.; Devasia J.; Nizam A.; V L V.; G N.; Nagendra G.
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Vol-104, No. 14, pp. 3314-3333.
Warrier V.G., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Devasia J., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Nizam A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; V L V., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; G N., Department of Chemistry, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India; Nagendra G., Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, India
Facile construction of gefitinib-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework nanocomposites for the treatment of different lung cancer cells
apoptosis; gefitinib; lung cancer; nanocomposites; zeolitic imidazolate framework
Gefitinib (GET) is a revolutionary targeted treatment inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor's tyrosine kinase action by competitively inhibiting the ATP binding site. In preclinical trials, several lung cancer cell lines and xenografts have demonstrated potential activity with GET. Response rates neared 25% in preclinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we describe the one-pot synthesis of GET@ZIF-8 nanocomposites (NCs) in pure water, encapsulating zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8). This method developed NCs with consistent morphology and a loading efficiency of 9%, resulting in a loading capacity of 20wt%. Cell proliferation assay assessed the anticancer effect of GET@ZIF-8 NCs on A549 and H1299 cells. The different biochemical staining (Calcein-AM and PI and 4?,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclear staining) assays assessed the cell death and morphological examination. Additionally, the mode of apoptosis was evaluated by mitochondrial membrane potential (??m) and reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the study concludes that GET@ZIF-8 NCs are pledged to treat lung cancer cells. 2024 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Aiyasamy K.; Ramasamy M.; Hirad A.H.; Arulselvan P.; Jaganathan R.; Suriyaprakash J.; Thangavelu I.; Alarfaj A.A.
Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, Vol-71, No. 4, pp. 896-908.
ISSN: 8854513; PubMed ID: 38594878; CODEN: BABIE
https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2585 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85190431877&doi=10.1002%2fbab.2585&partnerID=40&md5=e9da2c579f8a809f012961728cb080cc
Aiyasamy K., Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, Namakkal, India; Ramasamy M., Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, Namakkal, India; Hirad A.H., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Arulselvan P., Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India; Jaganathan R., Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL-RCMP), Perak, Malaysia; Suriyaprakash J., Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Alarfaj A.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Facile engineering of aptamer-coupled silk fibroin encapsulated myogenic gold nanocomposites: investigation of antiproliferative activity and apoptosis induction
Apoptosis; Aptamer, gold nanocomposites; Liver cancer; Silk fibroin
Nanocomposites selectively induce cancer cell death, holding potential for precise liver cancer treatment breakthroughs. This study assessed the cytotoxicity of gold nanocomposites (Au NCs) enclosed within silk fibroin (SF), aptamer (Ap), and the myogenic Talaromyces purpureogenus (TP) against a human liver cancer cell (HepG2). The ultimate product, Ap-SF-TP@Au NCs, results from a three-step process. This process involves the myogenic synthesis of TP@Au NCs derived from TP mycelial extract, encapsulation of SF on TP@Au NCs (SF-TP@Au NCs), and the conjugation of Ap within SF-TP@Au NCs. The synthesized NCs are analyzed by various characteristic techniques. Ap-SF-TP@Au NCs induced potential cell death in HepG2 cells but exhibited no cytotoxicity in non-cancerous cells (NIH3T3). The morphological changes in cells were examined through various biochemical staining methods. Thus, Ap-SF-TP@Au NCs emerge as a promising nanocomposite for treating diverse cancer cells. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Elayappan P.K.; Kandasamy K.; Sasikumar V.; Bharathi M.; Hirad A.H.; Alarfaj A.A.; Arulselvan P.; Jaganathan R.; Ravindran R.; Suriyaprakash J.; Thangavelu I.
Biotechnology Letters, Vol-46, No. 5, pp. 871-885.
Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
ISSN: 1415492; PubMed ID: 38676857; CODEN: BILED
Elayappan P.K., Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, Namakkal, 637205, India; Kandasamy K., Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, Namakkal, 637205, India; Sasikumar V., Department of Biochemistry, K.S.Rangasamy College of Arts and Science, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, Namakkal, 637215, India; Bharathi M., Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641021, India; Hirad A.H., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Alarfaj A.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Arulselvan P., Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 602 105, India; Jaganathan R., Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL-RCMP), Perak, Ipoh, 30450, Malaysia; Ravindran R., Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL-RCMP), Perak, Ipoh, 30450, Malaysia; Suriyaprakash J., Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Facile fabrication of 3D-?-Fe2O3@2D-g-C3N4 heterojunction composite materials: Effect of iron oxide loading on the electrochemical performance
Carbon materials; Cyclic voltammetry; Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4); Hydrothermal synthesis method; Supercapacitor electrode devices; ?-Fe2O3 nanospheres
Designing heterojunction nanocomposites is crucial for optimizing supercapacitor electrodes. This study addresses the challenge by introducing a facile synthesis method for creating 3D-?-Fe2O3@2D-g-C3N4 heterojunctions through a bulk carbon nitride-assisted hydrothermal process. During this process, the growth of ferric oxide particles coincides with the exfoliation and deposition of carbon nitride, leading to simultaneous structural changes in both iron oxide and carbon nitride phases. The resulting composite's properties strongly correlate with the iron oxide loading. Comprehensive characterization using XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDAX, XPS and TEM identified three distinct structures for ?-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 composites based on iron oxide loading: low, medium, and high. The medium-loaded sample demonstrated superior electrochemical performance, attributed to better interfacial contact and the formation of 3D-Fe2O3@2D-g-C3N4 heterojunctions. This composite, with an optimized 22 wt% iron oxide loading, exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 925.1 Fg?1 at 5 mVs?1 and 498.6 Fg?1 at 6 Ag?1 in charge-discharge analysis, with stable performance over 2000 cycles. Overall, this research presents an enhanced hydrothermal method for facile preparation of effective ?-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 heterojunction materials. 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Ranjithkumar R.; Lakshmanan P.; Palanisami N.; Devendran P.; Sudhahar S.; Nallamuthu N.; Thrimurthulu G.; Kim I.T.; Krishna Kumar M.
Inorganic Chemistry Communications, Vol-165
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2024.112553 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192789068&doi=10.1016%2fj.inoche.2024.112553&partnerID=40&md5=ac4fd647ff93ff4d5424d3eca233b90a
Ranjithkumar R., Department of Physics, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Tamil Nadu, Krishnankoil 626 126, India, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13120, South Korea; Lakshmanan P., Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea; Palanisami N., Centre for Functional Materials, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632 014, India; Devendran P., Department of Physics, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Tamil Nadu, Krishnankoil 626 126, India; Sudhahar S., Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India; Nallamuthu N., Dayananda Sagar Academy of Technology and Management, Bangalore, 560 082, India; Thrimurthulu G., Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Telangana, Hyderabad, 500007, India; Kim I.T., Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13120, South Korea; Krishna Kumar M., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru 560 029, India
Facile fabrication of dasatinib laden multifunctional polymeric micelles: Evaluation of anti-proliferative and apoptotic activities in human cancer cells
biomedical applications; conducting polymers; drug delivery systems
Dasatinib (DAS) has recently gained significant interest for its anticancer potential. Yet, the lipophilicity inherent in DAS limited its potential use as a chemotherapeutic drug. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL) as a nanocarrier for DAS to increase its anticancer capabilities. The DAS-loaded PEG-PCL nanoparticles (termed as DAS@PEG-PCL NPs) were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Morphological staining and MTT tests were employed to investigate drug-loaded nanoparticles' apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects. The MTT assay demonstrated that incorporating DAS onto PEG-PCL NPs resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in A549 (lung cancer) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. The A549 cancer cells were analyzed for their morphology using the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and DAPI staining techniques. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the polymeric PEG-PCL nanoparticle systems hold great potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Menon S.V.; Thakore S.; Verma A.; Dhadda S.; Chinnathambi A.; Alharbi S.A.; Bharathi M.; Arulselvan P.; Thangavelu I.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol-142, No. 3
https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56376 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85208728559&doi=10.1002%2fapp.56376&partnerID=40&md5=c4e0721e78093160e743584076d26768
Menon S.V., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, India; Thakore S., Department of Applied Science, PIT, Parul University, Vadodara, India; Verma A., Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India; Dhadda S., Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India; Chinnathambi A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Alharbi S.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Bharathi M., Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India; Arulselvan P., Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Menon, Soumya V.; Thakore, Sanketsinh; Verma, Ashish; Dhadda, Surbhi; Chinnathambi, Arunachalam; Alharbi, Sulaiman Ali; Bharathi, Muruganantham; Arulselvan, Palanisamy; Thangavelu, Indumathi
Journal of Applied Polymer Science;Volume;142;Issue;3;Article No.;e56376;
https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56376 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85208728559?origin=resultslist
Facile fabrication of mesh-free, GO-reinforced ZrO2-based separators for advanced alkaline water electrolysis
Alkaline water electrolysis; Area-specific resistance; Graphene oxide; Mesh-free composite separator; Zero gap electrolyser
Alkaline Water Electrolysis (AWE) is a promising method for sustainable hydrogen production due to its maturity and use of non-noble metal catalysts. A key challenge lies in developing cost-effective, durable, and scalable separators that ensure ionic conduction and separation between the electrodes. This study presents a mesh-free composite separator composed of zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs), polysulfone (PSU), and graphene oxide (GO), eliminating the need for expensive polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) mesh and its hazardous hydrophilic surface treatments. GO was incorporated as a multifunctional additive to enhance mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, and dispersion of ZrO2 NPs. Separators were fabricated with varying compositions of ZrO2 NPs, PSU, and GO, and tested in a zero-gap titanium-based electrolyser using nickel foam electrodes and 30?wt% potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte. Amongst them, the Sep72/25/3 separator (72?wt% ZrO2, 25?wt% PSU, 3?wt% GO) showed a low area-specific resistance (ASR) of 298?m? cm2 at room temperature (RT). It also exhibited excellent wettability with a reduced contact angle of 23 after 24?h conditioning in 30?wt% KOH, along with a notable improvement in tensile strength, from 1.75?MPa (without GO) to 3.26?MPa, validating the reinforcing role of GO. The results demonstrate a simple and scalable route for fabricating mesh-free separators that strike an optimal balance between ionic resistance, mechanical strength, and wettability, thereby offering a cost-effective alternative for next-generation advanced alkaline water electrolysis (AAWE) systems. The Korean Ceramic Society 2025.
Madhura, A.; Cherian, Christie Thomas; Patel, Nainesh
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society;Volume;63;Issue;1;pp.82-92
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-025-00556-4 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019810033?origin=resultslist
Madhura A., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Cherian C.T., School of Electronic Systems and Automation, Digital University Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, 695317, India; Patel N., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Facile Fabrication of Nano carbon Derivatives for Optical and Electro chemical Applications
From synthesis of novel materials to their end-use applications, the prime objective of the material science community is to address the burgeoning social issues across the world. Noxious emissions from fossil fuel combustion, increased incidence of skin cancer, drug misuse, and ever-increasing demand for energy are some of the global concerns that require urgent consideration. This drives a relentless quest for a multifunctional material with broad applicability that can directly and constructively impact the quality of life, environment, and economic progress. However, materials of this kind should embrace versatile characteristics, improved competency, plausibility, and lower cost. In light of this, the current doctoral research emphasizes the development of trailblazing graphene-based materials with manifold usages derived from a naturally abundant carbonaceous fossil fuel coke to discover scientific solutions to the aforesaid trials and tribulations. Fossil fuel coal, mainly used for energy purposes, is often discouraged from industrial and domestic consumption due to its contribution to global warming. Despite the fact that coal is a non-renewable resource and a source of greenhouse gas emissions, it is one of the world's bountiful carbon resources. Therefore, it can be exploited as a potent substitute for conventional graphite, enabling the extraction of value-added graphene derivatives along with the sustainable utilization of coal. However, the purity of the precursor is a vital criterion to guarantee the quality and supply of graphene materials. In this doctoral work, coal-coke with 99% carbon content was used for the production of high-quality oxidized multilayer graphene derivatives by employing an environmentally-benign synthesis technique. The obtained graphene structure exhibited a multi-emissive fluorescence property having emissions ranging from blue to green-yellow. In addition, it also possessed remarkable electrochemical performance, good rate capability, and durability, signifying its expediency in energy storage devices. In an attempt to further enhance the scope of as-synthesized coke-based graphene derivatives, heteroatoms such as nitrogen and phosphorus were introduced into the graphene lattice via substitutional doping. It was perceived that nitrogen doping impressively amended the photophysical properties, especially in terms of quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime. Therefore, the as-synthesized nitrogen-doped multilayer graphene derivative was used as a fluorescent biomarker for imaging melanoma skin cancer cells with the purpose of early detection. Wherein co-doping of nitrogen and phosphorus endorsed excellent electrochemical characteristics and sensing performance, owing to the synergistic effect from heteroatoms and the imparted structural corrugations. Thus, by utilizing the as-synthesized nitrogen, phosphorus co- doped heteroatom derivative, oxytocin, a high-risk abused drug, was electrochemically detected in an nM range and validated the possibility of real-time surveillance over its mishandling in edibles and biological models. The coke-based graphene derivatives were further refashioned to obtain optimum textural and surface chemistry characteristics beneficial for energy storage characteristics. Accordingly, simultaneous heteroatom-doping and activation of graphene derivative were achieved. The obtained sample had a high surface area, hierarchical porous structure, increased defect densities, and co-active heteroatom enriched graphene network, suggesting its potential as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. It was observed that the as-synthesized simultaneously heteroatom-doped and activated samples demonstrated high capacitance value, appreciable cyclic stability, and lower charge-transfer resistance. Henceforth, such enhanced supercapacitive performance points toward the cradle-to-gate transformation of fossil fuel, i.e., the conversion of sluggish black coal to green energy.
Facile fabrication of stable wettability gradients on elastomeric surfaces for applications in water collection and controlled cell adhesion
We have developed a simple and effective method to prepare stable wettability gradients on an elastomeric soft substrate, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In our method, a partially cured PDMS film composed of a definite ratio of elastomer and crosslinking agent was heated over a hot surface with a temperature gradient. This causes differential thermal curing of the PDMS film and the water contact angle (wettability) of the resultant surface showed gradual variation across the length. This method allows us to design and fabricate wettability gradients with rationally controlled directionality and shapes (e.g., linear and radial gradients). The stability of the wettability gradients was studied and a chemical treatment method was developed to enhance the stability at room temperature. Stable wettability gradients prepared through this method can find applications as reliable platforms and scaffolds offering controlled or directional wetting and adhesion. We have demonstrated the practical applications of the wettability gradients in directional water collection, controlled crystallization of materials, and controlled cell adhesion of HeLa cells, osteoblasts and NIH/3T3 cells. The multi-functional characteristics of these wettable gradients are expected to be handy in other domains using soft materials and interfaces also. 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Raj S.S.; Mathew R.M.; Davis D.; Varanakkottu S.N.; Srinivasan A.; Vinod T.P.
ISSN: 1744683X; PubMed ID: 37436460; CODEN: SMOAB
https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sm00441d https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85165735791&doi=10.1039%2fd3sm00441d&partnerID=40&md5=d2ad3438d23e346e8178123ce46f802a
Raj S.S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Mathew R.M., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Davis D., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Varanakkottu S.N., Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, 673601, India; Srinivasan A., Division of Nanoscience and Technology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Karnataka, Mysore, 570015, India; Vinod T.P., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Facile green synthesis of MnV2O6 nanoparticles: Photocatalytic studies and selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols
Advances in nanotechnology play a crucial role in developing reliable and environmentally friendly nanoparticles (NPs). The green synthesis method is one among them and aims to eliminate toxic by-products. Developing low-cost and highly efficient photocatalysts is essential to accelerate these reactions. To perform this, it is successfully synthesized manganese vanadate NPs using eco-friendly Butea monosperma leaves by the solution combustion method, and the synthesised NPs were characterized to examine their structural, optical, and morphological properties. The XRD pattern confirms that the synthesised MnV2O6 (MVO) NPs possess a monoclinic structure with an average crystallite size of about 67 nm. UVVis spectroscopy shows a band gap of 1.69 eV indicating the suitability of the materials in the Visible region. The photocatalytic activity of the resulting MVO NPs was evaluated and good photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene dye. Further, experiments were conducted at various parameters to optimize the catalyst and show the rate constant of 0.00467 min?1. catalytic activity of MVO NPs was also studied for the selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols. Among the various oxidizing agents and solvents used in optimization studies, tBuOOH (oxidizing agent) and CH3CN (solvent) showed the highest conversion (%) of benzyl alcohol, i.e., 98%. 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Suma, G.R.; Kiran, R.; Naveeth, G.P.; Vinay Kumar, E.; Nizam, Aatika; Hegde, Sumanth; Venkatesh, G.; Nagaraju, G.
Inorganic Chemistry Communications;Volume;176;Issue;;Article No.;114097;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2025.114097 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/86000540950?origin=resultslist
Suma G.R., Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, 572103, India; Kiran R., Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, 572103, India; Naveeth G.P., Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, 572103, India; Vinay Kumar E., Department of Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry, Sahyadri Science College, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, 577 203, India; Nizam A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Hegde S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Venkatesh G., Dept. of Civil Engg. Dayananda, Sagar College of Engg, Bangalore, 560 111, India; Nagaraju G., Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Dept. of Chemistry, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Tumakuru, 572103, India
Facile green synthesis of MoO2/BiOCl nanocomposite using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf extract and its application in visible-light-driven oxidative transformations
Amine oxidation; Bismuth; Catalysis; Green synthesis; Molybdenum; Photocatalyst
This article describes a green approach for synthesizing MoO2/BiOCl nanocomposite using a combustion procedure with Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf extract as a renewable fuel source, which also acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized material is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), confirming the successful formation of the nanocomposite. The photocatalytic performance of MoO2/BiOCl nanocomposite was evaluated for visible-light-driven oxidative transformations of different aromatic amines to nitroarenes. The unique structure of MoO?/BiOCl provides better accessibility to the reactant molecules, facilitating faster and more efficient oxidation. The advantages of this oxidative process are high catalytic efficiency, mild reaction conditions, recyclability, environmental sustainability, and producing nitroarenes in good to exceptional yields (6795 %). The conversion of the compounds was validated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The results demonstrated that the MoO2/BiOCl nanocomposite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to its components, attributed to the synergistic effects between MoO2 and BiOCl. The use of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf extract in the synthesis is not only environmentally friendly and cost-effective but also contributes to the stability and efficiency of the nanocomposite. 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry;Volume;1029;Issue;;Article No.;123566;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2025.123566 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85217815651?origin=resultslist
M J., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, 560030, India; Nizam A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, 560030, India
Facile green synthesis of semiconductive ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of dyes from the textile industry: A kinetic approach
Alizarin red S; Degradation; Methylene blue; Photocatalysis; ZnO
One-pot, facile and green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using cow dung as fuel by combustion procedure. The synthesized material is characterized by using various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV, FESEM, and EDX. To assess the photocatalytic efficacy of the as-synthesized material, harmful cationic and anionic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and alizarin red S (AZ) dyes, respectively, are selected as benchmark dyes. The influence of light source, dye concentration, photocatalyst dosage, and pH value on the efficiency of photocatalyst and kinetics of photodegradation are systematically studied. The photodegradation results revealed that the synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited removal efficiency of MB and AZ dyes upon irradiation with UV light. Concisely, the removal efficacy of the ZnO NPs under UV light irradiation exhibited an MB and AZ degradation of 99.9% and 96.8%, respectively. A reasonable photo-catalytic mechanism for the high photodegradation efficacy of MB and AZ dyes by the prepared photocatalyst is also proposed. The green fabricated photocatalyst is promising material and could be applied for waste-water remediation and other ecological applications. 2022
Shubha J.P.; Kavalli K.; Adil S.F.; Assal M.E.; Hatshan M.R.; Dubasi N.
Journal of King Saud University - Science, Vol-34, No. 5
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2022.102047 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129704914&doi=10.1016%2fj.jksus.2022.102047&partnerID=40&md5=7f8adbb233f06fafc21f54fefde0b7c7
Shubha J.P., Department of Chemistry, Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Mysore Road, Bangalore, 560074, India; Kavalli K., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST University, Bangalore, 560074, India; Adil S.F., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Assal M.E., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Hatshan M.R., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Dubasi N., 12001 Belcher Rd S, Apt N226, Largo, 33773-5039, FL, United States
Facile mechanochemical assembly of PANI-modified tetra-amino zinc phthalocyanine@Bi2O3 hybrid for enhanced visible-light-driven dye degradation
Mechanochemical synthesis; Methylene blue degradation; Phthalocyanine; Type II heterojunction; Water pollution
This work describes a fast, green, and solvent-free mechanochemical route to produce an advanced photocatalyst tetra-amino zinc phthalocyanine embedded in a polyanilineBi2O3 matrix (PANI-TAZnPc@Bi2O3). Comprehensive FTIR, Raman, FESEM, XRD, HRTEM, and DRS analyses confirm the successful synthesis of the materials, revealing irregular nanoscale particles with crystallite sizes of 8.36 nm (TAZnPc), 29.26 nm (Bi2O3), and 29.86 nm (PANITAZnPc@Bi2O3). TGA reveals that Bi2O3 exhibits excellent thermal stability up to 930 C, while the PANITAZnPc@Bi2O3 composite up to about 150 C. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated by degrading methylene blue (MB) in the presence of H2O2 under visible light, with systematic variations in catalyst dosage, irradiation time, solution pH, and reusability. Compared to bare Bi2O3 and TAZnPc@Bi2O3, the PANI-TAZnPc@Bi2O3 composite showed superior activity- its narrower band gap, enhanced MB adsorption, and reduced electronhole recombination, achieving 99.75 % dye removal in 100 min under optimal conditions. The PANITAZnPc@Bi2O3 photocatalyst demonstrated excellent stability, retaining its photocatalytic activity over five consecutive cycles with no significant changes in its XRD and FTIR profiles. Reactive species such as OH and O?? drive methylene blue degradation, leading to its mineralization into inorganic ions as confirmed by ionic chromatography. Finally, a detailed photocatalytic mechanism is proposed to explain the enhanced performance of this nanocomposite. 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Swamynayaka, Ananda; Rajappa, Shwetha; Rego, Richelle M.; Kotresh, Harish Makri Nimbegondi; Patil, Chandrashekhar S.; Bae, Jinho; Kurkuri, Mahaveer D.
Surfaces and Interfaces;Volume;78;Issue;;Article No.;108178;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2025.108178 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105023656674?origin=resultslist
Swamynayaka A., Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 562112, India; Rajappa S., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Mysore Road, Bangaluru, Kumbalagodu, 560074, India; Rego R.M., Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 562112, India; Kotresh H.M.N., Department of Chemistry, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560107, India; Patil C.S., Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju, 63243, South Korea, Department of Physics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Bae J., Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju, 63243, South Korea; Kurkuri M.D., Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 562112, India
Facile synthesis of aluminum oxyhydroxide-PVA films and its adsorptive evaluation for the removal of methylene blue dye from water: kinetics, optimization studies and mechanism
Aluminum oxyhydroxide PVA film; Mesoporous film; Metal polymer blend
Aluminum oxyhydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol films were synthesized by the solgel method with varying metal-polymer ratios. The results of the characterization confirmed the formation of aluminum oxyhydroxideand the incorporation of metal into the polymer. The adsorption isotherms of the film exhibited type IV isotherms indicating the mesoporous nature with a non-uniform pore size distribution. The optical profilometric studies confirmed the surface roughness of the film. The adsorptive nature of the film was tested for the removal of methylene blue dye from the aqueous solution. Optimization studies were conducted to investigate the effect of various parameters on the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherms of methylene blue fit with the Langmuir isotherm model and follow a pseudo-second-order equation. A suitable reaction mechanism was proposed, which confirms the adsorptive nature of the film is due to the electrostatic attraction. The synergetic effect of the metal-polymer blend, surface roughness and pore size of the film, which ranges from 0.01 to 0.025nm,enhances the adsorption of methylene blue. The comparison of results obtained in the current study with earlier reports confirms that the aluminum oxyhydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol films can be considered an eco-friendly, cost-effective adsorbent for removing methylene blue. 2023, The Polymer Society, Taipei.
Binish C.J.; Athira M.J.; Chundattu S.J.; Mankunipoyil S.A.; Vijayasankar A.V.
Journal of Polymer Research, Vol-30, No. 12
Binish C.J., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Athira M.J., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Chundattu S.J., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, 560074, India; Mankunipoyil S.A., Department of Chemistry, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, 560059, India; Vijayasankar A.V., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, 560074, India
Facile synthesis of Bi2WO6-NiO nanocomposite for supercapacitor application
Cyclic voltammetry; Energy conversion and storage; High energy density; Supercapacitor
In order to prepare for future high-power storage-related applications, a tremendous amount of studies have been conducted on the manufacturing of high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. The hydrothermal technique was used to synthesize Bi2WO6NiO nanocomposite (NC), which was examined using FTIR, XRD, HR-TEM, EDX, FESEM, and XPS techniques. Furthermore, the Bi2WO6-NiO NC performs with an elevated specific capacity of 398.2C/g at 10 mV/s. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) and solution resistance (Rs) of Bi2WO6-NiO NC were determined as 0.81 and 0.23 ? using electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). Bi2WO6-NiO NC extended the chargedischarge time and rate capacities, as shown by the galvanostatic chargedischarge (GCD) analysis. Even after 2000 cycles, Bi2WO6-NiO NC cyclic stability was superior with a capacitive retention of 89.3 %. A power density of 6750 W/kg resulted from the constructed asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device based on Bi2WO6-NiO/AC, exhibiting an energy density of 32.5 Wh/kg. Additionally, the ASC maintains high cyclic stability with 90.8 % of initial capacity, even after 2000 chargedischarge cycles in a row. 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Chelladurai A.; Veerasingam M.; Kesavan T.; Alotaibi N.H.; Sangaraju S.; Muthusamy K.K.; Sonaimuthu M.; Sakkarapani S.
Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol-313
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2024.117939 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85212339247&doi=10.1016%2fj.mseb.2024.117939&partnerID=40&md5=bb67aa4a17865bf97f078614de43c606
Chelladurai A., Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India; Veerasingam M., Department of Chemistry, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology, Thirumayam, Pudukkottai, 622 507, India; Kesavan T., Department of Physics, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600073, India; Alotaibi N.H., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Sangaraju S., National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; Muthusamy K.K., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Sonaimuthu M., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Sakkarapani S., Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
Chelladurai, Ashwin; Veerasingam, Muthulakshmi; Kesavan, Thirunavukkarasu; Alotaibi, Nouf H.; Sangaraju, Sambasivam; Muthusamy, Krishna Kumar; Sonaimuthu, Mohandoss; Sakkarapani, Sudhahar
Materials Science and Engineering: B;Volume;313;Issue;;Article No.;117939;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2024.117939 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85212339247?origin=resultslist
Facile Synthesis of Few-Layer Graphene Oxide from Cinnamomum camphora
Abstract: This study presents a facile synthesis technique to produce few-layer graphene oxide from Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor L.). Camphor upon carbonization and chemical oxidation leads to the formation of few-layer graphene oxide sheets of around ten layers with a lateral size of 4.14 nm and stacking height of 3.10 nm. AFM and SEM analysis results reveal the wrinkled morphology of the graphene oxide sheets formed. The sharp G band and the relative intensity of the defect to the graphitic band in the Raman spectrum indicate the formation of nanocrystalline graphene oxide sheets with fewer defects. The FTIR spectrum and the deconvoluted C 1s XPS spectrum of graphene oxide synthesized reveal the presence of predominant sp2 hybridized carbon along with carbon bound to various oxygen functionalities. In brief, the formation of high-quality few-layer graphene oxide from an abundant, low-cost, and readily available botanical precursor is herein reported. 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
Nanobiotechnology Reports, Vol-16, No. 2, pp. 183-187.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S2635167621020130 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117715117&doi=10.1134%2fS2635167621020130&partnerID=40&md5=a06c0ea0a63ed30725cbff3f2d5cbf11
Ramya A.V., Materials Science Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Joseph N., Materials Science Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Balachandran M., Materials Science Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India
Facile synthesis of graphene-tin oxide nanocomposite derived from agricultural waste for enhanced antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antibacterial screening of graphene-tin oxide nanocomposites synthesized from carbonized wood and coconut shell is investigated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the first time. Efficient and facile one step hydrothermal process adopted in the present work for the synthesis of graphene-tin oxide nanoparticles provides an ideal method for the economic large-scale production of the same. Graphene-tin oxide nanocomposites derived from wood charcoal possess a spherical morphology whereas rod like structures are seen in the case of coconut shell derivatives. An excitation independent fluorescence response is observed in graphene-tin oxide nanohybrids while graphene oxide nanostructures exhibited an excitation dependent behavior. These hydrophilic nanostructures are highly stable and exhibited no sign of luminescence quenching or particle aggregation even after a storage of 30 months. Bactericidal effects of the nanostructures obtained from coconut shell is found to be relatively higher compared to those procured from wood. This variation in antibacterial performance of the samples is directly related to their morphological difference which in turn is heavily influenced by the precursor material used. MIC assay revealed that coconut shell derived graphene-tin oxide composite is able to inhibit the bacterial growth at a lower concentration (250 ?g/mL) than the other nanostructures. Nanocomposites synthesized from agro-waste displayed significantly higher antimicrobial activity compared to the precursor and graphene oxide nanostructures thereby making them excellent candidates for various bactericidal applications such as disinfectants, sanitary agents etc. 2019, The Author(s).
Mohan A.N., Materials Science Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; B M., Materials Science Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Panicker S., Department of Botany, St. Josephs College, Post Graduate and Research Center, Langford Road, Bengaluru, 560027, Karnataka, India