Recent Progress on the Development of Chemosensors
Chemosensors; CO2; Detection; Fluorescence; Gases
Chemosensors are the chemical structures which convert chemical stimuli into responsive form that can be easily detected, such as change of colour, fluorescence, and other electronic signal. Recently, chemosensors development for detection and monitoring of gases has been growing interest due to the significant importance in environmental and biological systems. Subsequently, the development of chemosensors for detection of various gases is considered to be a significant goal in science and among the all gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major public concern due to its role in global greenhouse warming with environmental pollution. Moreover, quite critical level of CO2 in the modern agricultural, food, environmental, oil and chemical industries is dangerous for living beings to survive such high concentration levels of CO2. Therefore, rapid and selective detection and monitoring of CO2 in the gaseous as well as in the liquid phases provides an incentive for development of new methods. The coverage of this book chapter is divided into different sections according to the use of different types of molecular backbones and the detection pathways. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Next-Generation Nanobiosensor Devices for Point-Of-Care Diagnostics, pp. 195-209.
Das T., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Jain S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Das A.K., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Developments in Feeds in Aquaculture Sector: Contemporary Aspects
Aqua feed; Biopolymers; Cellulose; Chitosan; Enzymes; Fish meal; Immunostimulants; Keratin; Polyhydroxyalkanoates; Probiotics; Single-cell protein
Aquaculture, one of the largest protein food generating sectors, greatly relies on nutrition. Up to the present time, the dependency of the aqua feed sector on fish meal and fish oil as protein and lipid sources, respectively, was too high, which led to its inadequacy and over-exploitation of marine resources. Recently, numerous researches with locally available feed ingredients have been accomplished. There is urgency for a move from fish meal to plant/terrestrial animal/microbial proteins within the aquaculture industry as over-exploitation of wild fishes has negative ecological consequences. Plant proteins cannot successfully replace fish meal due to poor protein digestibility and essential amino acids imbalance, urging feed concerns to search for cheaper and nutritious fish meal alternatives from animal origin. In order to overcome the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs, the concept of probiotics in aquaculture has received firm encouragement in recent years due to their wise inhibitory mechanisms and safeness. Negative perception for synthetic antioxidants among fish farmers and their unreliable nature has resulted in the research for non-synthetic, food derived antioxidants that could encounter and neutralize the detrimental effects of free radicals. In line with this, there is a strong captivation to research on the individual or synergistic effects of protein hydrolysates, peptide fragments, and free amino acids that could innately exhibit antioxidative activity. Commercialization of economical feeds with antioxidative feed ingredients could strengthen the profits of feed processors. Recent development in the aquaculture sector propelled by the application of biotechnological methods has clearly highlighted the need for development of functional feeds through incorporation of bioactive molecules. In the last few decades, the global aqua feed industry has witnessed milestones in the development of feed ingredients from waste raw materials and sustainable alternatives to antibiotics and chemicals used to tackle the disease outbreak in aquaculture. As the health and immunity of fishes primarily depend on their nutritional pattern, a great research interest is extended on incorporation of biomolecules like single-cell proteins, animal proteins, plant metabolites, biopolymers, and enzymes as feed ingredients to enhance the nutritive quality and immune tolerance in fishes. Besides the focus on the feed ingredients, the modification and development of fermentation strategies for producing probioticbased feed and enzyme-assisted bioconversion into valuable feed ingredients is also gaining more importance. This chapter deals with the recent development in the aqua feed industry with specific reference to the incorporation of non-conventional feed ingredients like animal/microbial proteins, biopolymers, enzymes, and other immunostimulatory compounds in aqua feed and their impact analysis in improving the growth profile and pathogen tolerance in fishes. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Thazeem B.; Umesh M.; Sarojini S.; Allwyn Vyas G.; Adhithya Sankar S.; Sapthami K.; Suresh S.; Stanly L.M.
Aquaculture Science and Engineering, pp. 35-78.
Thazeem B., Integrated Rural Technology Centre (IRTC), Kerala, Palakkad, India; Umesh M., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Sarojini S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Allwyn Vyas G., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Adhithya Sankar S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Sapthami K., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Suresh S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Stanly L.M., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Safety andWelfare of Children Under Institutional Care in India: A Situation Analysis
Abuse; Children; India; Institutional care; Safety; Welfare
A large number of children worldwide live under institutional care due to certain compulsions. The reasons for institutional stay vary on the basis of geopolitical situations and the nature of the children. Some of the reasons include premature loss of parents, poverty, lack of social support, parents substance dependence, neglect, involvement of children in socially undesirable behaviour and/or violation of law, abuse, exploitation and so on. The broad objective of this chapter is to discuss the evolution of childcare measures adopted by the Government of India after independence, highlight upon the need for institutional care and examine the issues and challenges faced by the children under institutional care in India. At the end of the chapter, the way forward measures are suggested for ensuring safety of the children under institutional care, creating improved living environments for them and for creating congenial social and psychological environments through empowerment of the care providers, with knowledge and information for healthy child upbringing. Cooperation from the larger society, by involving retired persons in the institutions for education of the children is suggested, justifying the need for the same. For a holistic child growth and development, the need for extra-curricular activities, physical exercises, as well as group activities, are emphasized upon. Building resilience among these children to develop confidence and face life challenges are also discussed in the chapter. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Bhuvaneswari K.; Deb S.; Paul D.; Deb S.
Child Safety, Welfare and Well-being: Issues and Challenges, Second Edition, pp. 215-232.
Bhuvaneswari K., Dept. of Psychology, Kasthurba College for Women, Pondicherry, India; Deb S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Paul D., RGNIYD, Tamil Nadu, Sriperumbudur, India; Deb S., Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development (RGNIYD), Tamil Nadu, Sriperumbudur, India, School of Public Health and Social Work, QUT, Australia
Negotiating Inclusion: Minority Institutions and Constitutional-Legal Dimensions in India
Constituent Assembly; Inclusion; Minority accommodation; Minority education; Minority safeguards; Negotiation; Supreme Court
The chapter Negotiating Inclusion: Minority Institutions and Constitutional and Legal Dimensions in India is based on the premise that special provisions for inclusion of minority groups were one of the contested topics that have been negotiated in India since independence. The present chapter critically explores the two main sites of negotiation: Constituent Assembly Debates and the cases involving the question of minority rights to culture and education as adjudicated by the Indian courts. In doing so, the paper undertakes an examination of the logic of state recognition and reservations, voiced by nationalist leaders and members of the Constituent Assembly, who were apprehensive that the provisions on minority accommodation may not be compatible with Indias secular credentials. Constitutional provisions, specifically the fundamental rights embodied in Articles 29 and 30 were further debated and re-interpreted by the High Courts and Supreme Court. Further on, the issue of minority accommodation led to the establishment of institutional mechanisms in India, one such institution being the National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions (NCMEI)-a recent addition in the series of negotiating spaces of the religious and minority communities in India. A thorough examination of the functioning of the NCMEI, an institution which remains understudied, may inform new avenues into thinking about the sites of minority rights negotiations in India, given the shifting ideological positions at the national level. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Critical Sites of Inclusion in Indias Higher Education, pp. 41-65.
Menon M., Department of International Studies, Political Science and History, School of Social Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be) University, Bannerghatta Campus, Bangalore, India
Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures in Children: Prevention and Intervention Strategies
Children; Diagnosis; Dissociative seizures; Intervention; Prevention; Pseudoseizures; Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) often get misdiagnosed to be epileptic seizures, and the price that is paid for the same by the patient and the family is huge. It is called by multiple names such as pseudoseizures non-epileptic attack disorder, dissociative seizures, and functional motor disorder. Not only is it difficult to identify the disorder, but it also poses an added difficulty with comorbid epilepsy. Adding on to these, it becomes difficult for both the healthcare provider to offer psychoeducation and the family to accept since no tangible evidence such as scans portrays any abnormality. Though in a simple manner it can be said this disorder presents itself like epileptic seizures but has no neurological base, explaining the same to the patients and their family is not as simple. However, surprisingly the prognosis for PNES is better for children. This chapter thus focuses on aspects that are essential for the treatment of the disorder and prevention. In particular, the manifestation of PNES in children is discussed by introducing the disorder with epidemiological information. Further clinical picture, etiology, diagnosis and prevention and intervention are discussed. Although there are limited studies that exist on the treatment of the disorder in the pediatric population, their outcomes to reduce PNES symptoms are significant. Hence, the chapter makes an attempt to review these studies in detail and mention highlights of these studies that contribute to a reduction in the symptoms. Finally, the chapter concludes with a biopsychosocial model that explains the relationship between these factors and PNES and how this can be used in prevention. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Child Safety, Welfare and Well-being: Issues and Challenges, Second Edition, pp. 577-590.
Reddy K.J., Department of Psychology, Centre for Research, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Haritsa S.V., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Rafiq A.
Misuse of Internet Among School Children: Risk Factors and Preventative Measures
Misuse of internet; Neurodevelopment; Prevention; Psychosocial; Risk factors; School children
The Internet has been one of the most transformative and rapidly growing technologies. In recent years, it has improved the quality of life in areas such as communication, education, recreation. On the contrary, there are growing concerns about the use of the Internet that have created adverse consequences in the areas of social life, interpersonal relationships, family environment, and school activities. School-going children were vulnerable to such unhealthy outcomes due to readily available high-speed Internet and ease of access to different Internet platforms, which resulted in risky behaviours, decreased academic performance, poor nutrition, decreased sleep quality, and a high incidence of inter-social conflicts. While the majority of the research has focused on the adolescent population in terms of problematic Internet use, only a few studies have identified the vulnerabilities of school-going children in the same context. The research also confirmed that the risk factors for problematic Internet use start as early as middle childhood. Heightened risky use of the Internet was observed in children with neurodevelopmental concerns. This study explores risk factors associated with problematic Internet use among school-going children, identifying relevant warning signs followed with preventative measures. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Child Safety, Welfare and Well-being: Issues and Challenges, Second Edition, pp. 321-334.
Reddy K.J., Department of Psychology, Centre for Research, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Balasubramanian G., Aadya Tathva, India, QPR Institute, Certified Seizure First Aid Professional from Epilepsy Foundation, United States, National Council for Mental Wellbeing, United States, Indian Epilepsy Association (IEA), Bangalore, India, International Association of Applied Psychology (IAAP), Canada
Child Mental Health in the Milieu of Online Education
Coping; Educational psychology; Flourishing; Online learning; Pandemic; School mental health
The aim of this chapter is to examine the impact of online education on mental health of children, and explore methods to improve the same. With the advent of COVID-19 pandemic, major overhauls were made in day-to-day life including work, home, and education. Shift to online mode of instruction became the primary, if not the only, channel of education. This drastic shift has led to issues like limited social interaction, learning gaps due to insufficient in-person interaction, excessive screen time on devices, and decreased physical activity, which can impact mental health of children. This chapter will explore the impact of online learning on the mental health of children from both mental ill-health and well-being perspectives, the role of parents, teachers, and educational systems, and challenges and opportunities presented by the situation. Further to this, the ways to safeguard and improve mental health of children in the milieu of online education will be discussed. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Child Safety, Welfare and Well-being: Issues and Challenges, Second Edition, pp. 353-366.
Reddy K.J., Department of Psychology, Centre for Research, Christ University, Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Nataraj B.M., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Pant S., Azim Premji University, Bengaluru, India
Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Sites Using Phytogenic Nanoparticles
Eco-friendly; Flavonoids; Heavy metal stress; Low-cost; Phytoremediation
Heavy metals (HMs) accumulate in milieu due to various human activities that persist leading to biomagnification in food chains and cause unpleasant effects on human health and environment. Pollutants such as organic matter and HMs are reme-diated traditionally by chemical precipitation, electrochemical treatment, adsorption, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, coagulation, and photo-catalyzation, remained inef-fective. Use of nanomaterials conjugated with various compounds showed significant reduction in several contaminated sites. However, existing implication of nanotech-nology works with nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis majorly involved the use of chem-ical raw materials and physical methods which are relatively toxic and unstable. Aforesaid difficulties made researchers and entrepreneurs to reconnoitre effective, newer, and novel synthesis approaches for the replacement over older version. During the past decade, to overcome these issues plant-derived NPs are extensively used because of its less cost, efficiency, and eco-friendly in nature. Hence, advanced alternative technology like phytoremediation using nanomaterials with innovative techniques has been a boon for HM remediation. Efficiency of green synthesized NPs is based on redox reactions which makes metals stable facilitated by flavonoids and polyphenols responding to HM-stress. Several metal complexation processes are known to produce phytochelatins or other metal-chelating peptides helping the biore-mediation of HMs. Current chapter throws light on adaptive mechanism employed by NPs coupled with plant or microbial extracts in overcoming the HM stress. Further-more, here we also focus on the possible mechanism and interaction between NPs and HM in minimizing severity of polluted sites with many examples. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Shilpa B.M.; Rashmi R.; Manjula N.G.; Sreekantha A.
Shilpa B.M., CHRIST-Deemed to be University, Bangalore Kengeri Campus, Kanmanike, Mysore Road, Karnataka, Kumbalgodu, Bangalore, 560074, India; Rashmi R., School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Shavige Malleswara Hills, Kumaraswamy layout, Bengaluru, 560111, India; Manjula N.G., School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Shavige Malleswara Hills, Kumaraswamy layout, Bengaluru, 560111, India; Sreekantha A., School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Shavige Malleswara Hills, Kumaraswamy layout, Bengaluru, 560111, India
Bioremediation and Detoxification of Asbestos from Soil
Asbestos; Asbestosis; Bioremediation; Detoxification; Mesothelioma; Phytoremediation; Pollution
Asbestos is referred to as magic mineral and used as excellent building material. It finds its application in wide range of products such as floor tiles, pipes, paper, rope, cloth, insulated partition board, etc. On average, India uses 3, 50, 000 tons of asbestos annually and asbestos fibers readily undergo weathering releasing them into soil, water and air. Occupational and environmental exposure to this asbestos is leading to asbestosis (asbestos-related disease), lung cancer, and heart failure. Considering the serious health risk, countries like Australia, Brazil, and Canada had banned the use of asbestos. As asbestos is extensively used in construction of buildings, the demolished materials are dumped in the soil and thus it finds its route in soil as pollutant. Soil borne microbes like bacteria, fungi and lichens are found to be best means to reduce the toxicity of asbestos. These microorganisms remove iron from asbestos and reduce its toxicity. Another most effective bioremediation approach is phytoremediation to clean up the soil wherein vegetative cover on contaminated soil can remove iron and breaks down asbestos as source of inorganic nutrient. The main advantage of phytoremediation is that it can be extended to any geographical area where plants can grow. This chapter emphasizes various means of use and disposal of asbestos, followed by various means of bioremediation using microbes and plants and as an alternate for the sustainable soil condition. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022, corrected publication 2022.
Gopishankar T.; Baraiya Divyeksha H.; Vasantha V.L.; Praveen N.
Advances in Bioremediation and Phytoremediation for Sustainable Soil Management: Principles, Monitoring and Remediation, pp. 211-228.
Gopishankar T., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Baraiya Divyeksha H., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Vasantha V.L., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Praveen N., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Sustainable Consumption Practices of Rural India
Pro-environmental Behavior; Satisfaction with Life; Spirituality; Sustainable Attitude; Work-life Balance
It is said that real India lives in rural areas. Sustainability can be found very easily in traditions, practices, culture, ethics, sense of belongingness, camaraderie, mindful living of the villages, and small towns of India. They may lack the modern way of living and infrastructure, but their way of existence is such that they contribute toward making sustainable communities. This is specifically reflected in their behavior of consumption; obviously it is also related to their income but consumption in rural areas of India is way lower than those of urban areas, even if that is to be compared by keeping population size as the same. This chapter presents an informative analysis for the reasons and methods which rural population of India practices that results in sustainability. There are practices which are found wide and large such as sharing, self-sustenance because of farming, recycling, less influence of media, simpler living, work-life balance, valuing natural resources, inherent practices of protecting the environment, and pro-community sentimentalities that lead to sustainability. Attitude toward consumption is guided by the so-called spiritual way of living and having satisfaction with life. Happiness does not necessarily come by acquiring tangible resources but by having meaningful relationship, acquiring wisdom, and following indigenous way of living and transferring it to the next generation. This chapter presents a short report by having a take on economic indicators and traditional and cultural practices of rural India and hence present an explanation for how and why sustainable consumption practices are prevalent in such places. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Socially Responsible Consumption and Marketing in Practice: Collection of Case Studies, pp. 63-73.
Srivastava A., CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Bannerghatta Main Rd, Pai Layout, Hulimavu, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560076, India; Srivastava A., CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Meerut Road, Ghazibad, Mariam Nagar, Delhi NCR, 201003, India
Bioremediation of Antibiotics as a Pollutant in Soil
Antibiotics; Bioaugmentation; Bioremediation; Biostimulation; Mycoremediation; Phycoremediation; Phytoremediation
The discovery of antibiotics had been a major breakthrough in the field of medicine. Apart from its use in treating disease, it is been used extensively in agricul-tural fields and animal husbandry to improve livestock and crop yield. Improper and overuse of antibiotics have found a route in the food chain and has accumulated in environmental resources like water and soil. This is of serious concern as it leads to the development of drug-resistant microorganisms which is a global threat and also alters the microbial diversity as they are bacteriostatic and bactericidal. Bioaugmen-tation and Biostimulation approaches are effective in the degradation of antibiotics in soil. For enhanced degradation of antibiotics consortia, engineered microbes and enzyme-mediated methods are feasible methods for effective remediation of antibi-otics in soil. Currently, extensive research on the bioremediation of antibiotics is carried out as they are cost-effective and eco-friendly. The present chapter deals with various contamination sources of antibiotics in soil, adverse effects of antibiotics in soil, different bioremediation approaches, and mechanisms, and regulations in the use of antibiotics. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
Gupta A.; Bhatt Y.; Rais N.; Nagella P.; Vasantha V.L.
Microbial and Biotechnological Interventions in Bioremediation and Phytoremediation, pp. 375-403.
Gupta A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Bhatt Y., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Rais N., Department of Pharmacy, Bhagwant University, Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305004, India; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Vasantha V.L., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Untold and Painful Stories of Survival: The Life of Adolescent Girls of the Paniya Tribes of Kerala, India
Adolescent girls; Kerala; Paniya tribe; Sexual abuse; Untold stories
Tribal adolescent girls are vulnerable to neglect, abuse and exploitation across the world. Literature on the status of adolescents belonging to the Paniya tribe is scanty. However, limited information about the Paniya tribe of Kerala indicates that they are neglected and deprived from basic facilities. According to the Census Report of India (2011), 49.5% of the Paniya tribe members are literate. The lives of adolescents in the Paniya community are distinct from those of other sections of society, and they are yet to be addressed by the government or the media. The objective of this chapter is to discuss the issues and concerns of Paniya adolescent girls of Kerala. A Paniya girl from Vattachira (Calicut) treks around 2 km during her menstruation to fetch fresh and clean water. They use pieces of clothes to manage menstruation since they do not have access to pads or tampons. Drying their garments during the rainy season is difficult, which leaves them susceptible to rashes and infections. They are provided with residential educational facilities by the government, but they are unable to adjust to the lifestyles of other members of the society and are frequently bullied and discriminated, leading to school dropouts. Sexual exploitation by strangers and community members is widespread among Paniya girls, and unmarried mothers under the age of 18 are also prevalent among this community. The chapter highlights upon some of the challenges of the Paniya Tribal adolescent girls of Kerala and offers some suggestions for improving the quality of life of this marginalized group, which will assist the policymakers and government for taking need-based measures. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Child Safety, Welfare and Well-being: Issues and Challenges, Second Edition, pp. 185-194.
Saranya T.S., Department of Psychology Sree Narayana College, Vadakara, India; Deb S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Paul D., RGNIYD, Tamil Nadu, Sriperumbudur, India; Deb S., Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development (RGNIYD), Tamil Nadu, Sriperumbudur, India, School of Public Health and Social Work, QUT, Australia
A Sustainability Approach to Geopolymer Brick Manufacture Using Mine Wastes
Fly ash (FA); Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS); Iron ore tailing (IOT); Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3)
India has tons of by-products of industries like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and mine tailings from different ores. By incorporating these wastes in bricks, the carbon footprint can be minimized. This research pivots around the use of iron ore tailings (IOT) and slag sand as a substitute for clay or shale in the manufacture of stabilized geopolymer blocks. Iron ore tailings and slag sand were used for substitution in the range of 20-40% and 15-40% with increments of 5%. Fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and sodium silicates (Na2SiO3) were used with a constant value of 15%. The bricks were cast and cured at ambient temperature. The study includes testing of mechanical properties of geopolymer bricks as per IS recommendations. To study the macroanalysis, SEM and XRD analyses were also carried out on raw materials and developed composites. The outcomes of this investigation show that the inclusion of 25% of IOT and 30% of slag sand is acceptable as brick material. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Beulah M.; Pratap Kumar J.; Mohan M.K.; Gopalakrishnan G.; Sudhir M.R.
Handbook of Solid Waste Management: Sustainability through Circular Economy, pp. 1461-1478.
Beulah M., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Pratap Kumar J., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Mohan M.K., Department of Science and Humanities, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Gopalakrishnan G., Department of Civil Engineering, ACS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India; Sudhir M.R., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Removal of Struvite in Wastewater Using Anammox Bacteria
Ammonia and phosphate recovery; Struvite; Wastewater
Struvite precipitation in wastewater has proved to be an effective method in treating wastewater and has helped in the recovery of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus. Nutrient recovery from wastewater has become a new trend attracting the interests of several researchers. Extraction of the nutrients based on struvite crystals as nutrition sources from wastewater has been acknowledged as a need of the hour solution to tackle the water pollution issue. This review focuses on the featured characteristics of struvite as a chemical fertilizer for plant and the struvite formation process related to physiochemical conditions in wastewaters. In the present work, struvite precipitation in the actual swine wastewater is studied by strategically controlling aeration, pH, and mixing of anammox bacteria. The effect of organic solids in the wastewater has also been studied. Laboratory experiments were conducted by optimizing pH value. pH was found to be an important parameter in the simultaneous removals of ammonium nitrogen and orthophosphate. This work reveals that the struvite removal from wastewater can be reduced to 80% using anammox bacteria. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Gayathri G.; Reddy D.S.; Beulah M.; Sudhir M.R.
Handbook of Solid Waste Management: Sustainability through Circular Economy, pp. 1951-1964.
Gayathri G., Department of Civil Engineering, ACS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India; Reddy D.S., Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India; Beulah M., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Sudhir M.R., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Nanobiosensors: A Promising Tool for the Determination of Pathogenic Bacteria
Electrochemical nanobiosensors; Limit of detection; Linear range; Nanobiosensors; Optical nano biosensing; Pathogenic bacterial detection; Point-of-care detection
Pathogenic bacterial detection is a significant concern for the well-being of all human beings. These tiny microbes are capable of causing numerous diseases, which can be nipped in the bud through proper monitoring and controlling at the early stages itself. Some common pathogenic bacteria include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus anthracis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., etc. These microbes contaminate air, food, and water through different modes of transmission. The classical methods used for the identification of these bacteria are time-killing and backbreaking. Rapid pathogenic bacteria determination became possible through the intervention of biosensors. Biosensors are further modified with nanoparticles to build nanobiosensors that are tenfold efficient in bacterial detection. The optical and electrochemical nanobiosensors provide hassle-free detection of pathogenic bacteria, and pointof- care detection is also possible. This book chapter aims to give a brief idea about nanobiosensors starting from the principle to the advantages and disadvantages of bacterial detection. Relevant works of literature on different methods to detect bacteria, types of nanobiosensors, and their efficacy in pathogenic bacterial detection portray the current stand and the need for more innovations in the area of nanobiosensors. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Agnihotri A.S.; George A.M.C.; Marimuthu N.
Nanotechnology for Infectious Diseases, pp. 475-495.
Agnihotri A.S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; George A.M.C., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Marimuthu N., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
Litigating for Climate JusticeChasing a Chimera?
Across the world, in recent decades, climate litigations have been playing essential roles in shaping domestic policies and legal frameworks on climate change and also in rendering climate justice. There has also been a continuous rise in the development of climate actions, and climate claim litigations by individuals, civil society, and non-state actors. The Indian Supreme Court, High Courts, and the National Green Tribunal have played a significant role in environmental governance by interpreting constitutional and statutory rights to include a right to the environment over the past decades. Nevertheless, with the latest trends in climate litigations, climate challenges have grown across varied climate-related issues, requiring a new judicial approach. In its analysis of climate claims, the justice dispensation mechanism ought to comprehend the shortcomings and be able to generate solutions, similar to those adopted by the courts in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. An analyses of the approach taken by courts in developing nations namely in the Philippines, South Africa, and Pakistan that have compelled governments and corporates to meet their climate commitments are examined. Climate litigation in India has been emerging rapidly over the past decade. As the claims are increasing, the courts and the National Green Tribunal need enhanced capacity building to address climate litigations. This chapter seeks to address the feasibility and implication of equipping courts to address climate litigation. We review the scope of climate litigation and consider the challenges and opportunities to ensure climate justice. This chapter concludes by outlining possible opportunities and challenges in interlinking climate litigation and climate justice in India. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Environment, Climate, and Social Justice: Perspectives and Practices from the Global South, pp. 189-206.
Ramesh M.K., National Law School of India University, Bengaluru, India; Jacob V.A., School of Law, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Empirical Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Enablers Strengthening Business Intelligence in the Indian Banking Industry: ISM and MICMAC Modelling Approach
Considering the context of the issue based on literature survey and expert opinion, this study investigates the drivers of Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation, which further strengthens the Business Intelligence (BI) in taking better decision-making industries in India. For the purpose of serving the objective of examining the enablers towards having a smarter AI ecosystem in banking, the relevance of identified enablers from exhaustive literature survey were discussed with the experts from banking sector and AI professionals. Based on their opinion, 15 final enablers were defined based on the data collected have been put through Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) that reveals the binary relationship between the enablers to draw a hierarchical conclusion, and then assess the enablers about their independence, linkage, autonomous character, and dependence based on their calculated driving and dependence power through MICMAC analysis. The ISM and MICMAC integrated approaches have been used to establish interdependence among the enablers of AI in banking in India context. The study reveals that strong algorithms result in building quality AI information, and also the efforts from management related to commitment, financial readiness towards technological advancement, training, and skill development are quite essential in making the baking system smarter and would enable the industry to take better management decision. 2023 selection and editorial matter, Deepmala Singh, Anurag Singh, Amizan Omar & S.B Goyal.
Business Intelligence and Human Resource Management: Concept, Cases, and Practical Applications, pp. 161-189.
Shekhar S., Logistics Division, MoC, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT), New Delhi, India; Chandan, Department of Professional Studies, CHRIST (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru, India
How Are We Surviving the Pandemic, COVID-19?: Perspectives from Hospitality Industry Workers in Australia
Australian hospitality; COVID-19; hospitality industry; pandemic; rebuilding; real-time assessment
The COVID-19 pandemic has been disastrous and has affected the hospitality industry worldwide, and the people working in the sector were impacted immensely. The purpose of this study is to understand the viewpoints of hospitality workers in Australia on how lockdowns have impacted professional and personal well-being. The case study methodology is adopted for this study. Viewpoints from Australian hospitality workers were collected through semi-structured interviews. With the pandemic taking surprising turns with the rise of new infections and in turn new pandemic waves, the industry is facing a constant lurking fear of lockdowns. Changing variants of COVID-19 creates a profound effect on the psychological and personal well-being of the people employed in the hospitality sector. This chapter would reflect upon the viewpoints of hospitality workers in Australia after two years of the COVID-19 crisis. A real-time assessment is required to understand the vulnerability of hospitality industry workers in a developed country. 2023 Priyakrushna Mohanty, Anukrati Sharma, James Kennell and Azizul Hassan.
Mehta R.; Singh A.M.; Hussain S.; Gavinolla M.R.; Mohanty P.
The Emerald Handbook of Destination Recovery in Tourism and Hospitality, pp. 285-298.
Mehta R., University of West Sydney, Australia; Singh A.M., Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India; Hussain S., Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India; Gavinolla M.R., National Institute of Tourism and Hospitality Management, India, Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences, Latvia; Mohanty P., Department of Business Administration (Tourism), Christ University, Bengaluru, India
The Future of the Gig Professionals: A Study Considering Gen Y, Gen C, and Gen Alpha
COVID-19; Gen Alpha; Gen C; Gen Y; Gig economy; Great economic recession
This article aims to analyze the reasons behind the gig economys growth considering the present and future. From few empirical pieces of evidence, it is clear that the gig economy took shape after the 2008 great economic recession, where unemployment rose in leaps and bounds along with voluntary job leaving. In recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the primary reasons for the forced rise of the gig economy. Strategically and practically speaking, from the economic point of view, the gig economy is dominated by Gen Y and Gen C and will be dominated by Gen Alpha soon. However, there are very fragile differences between Gen Y, C, and Gen Alpha; all three generations are lashed together in the name of tech-savvy and flexibility-seekers. Thus, this article justifies the influence of technology generations and the rise of the gig economy. There is less research work exclusively on Gen Y, C, and Alpha. Still, regarding the gig economy in light of the great economic recession and COVID-19, this new work highlights originality. Future researchers working on Gen Alpha and Gen C can explore the role of digital technologies in changing routine life and its impact on their personal life and career life. Technology has been a significant reason for the sprung-in gig jobs. However, it can also have adverse outcomes, which has scope to be explored. Thus, this research may be a catalyst for future research works in similar lines. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Raja M.A.S.; Kumar A.V.A.; Makkar N.; Kumar S.; Varma S.B.
Sustainability in the Gig Economy: Perspectives, Challenges and Opportunities in Industry 4.0, pp. 305-324.
Raja M.A.S., Department of Commerce, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Bangalore, India; Kumar A.V.A., Department of Commerce, Jain College, Vasavi Campus, Bengaluru, India; Makkar N., Institute of Innovation in Technology and Management, Delhi, Janakpuri, India; Kumar S., School of Management, Presidency University, Bangalore, India; Varma S.B., Department of Economics, Meghanad Desai Academy of Economics, Mumbai, India, Ottomans Turkish Restaurant, Chennai, India
The machine learning algorithms for data science applications
It is going to be data-driven insights and insights-driven decisions and actions for the total humanity. Data is being recognized as the new fuel for any individual, innovator, and institution to envisage and deliver smart and sophisticated services to its clients and customers. Data is being touted as a strategic asset for any enterprise to insightfully plan ahead and provide next-generation offerings and premium services with clarity and confidence. Newer products and solutions can be unearthed and deployed to assist humans in their everyday decisions, deals, and deeds. However, for data to be overwhelmingly beneficial, data getting garnered from multiple places have to be transitioned into information and knowledge. The process for enacting this strategically sound transformation is being continuously updated and upgraded for achieving the required optimization. That is, process excellence is gaining the attention of professors and professionals. Further on, there are scores of automated tools and enabling platforms for empowering this transition activity. Data analytics is being touted as the prime method to extract actionable insights out of data heaps. In the recent past, with the flurry of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, frameworks, libraries, platforms, accelerators, specialized engines, and highperformance processing architectures, AI-enabled data analytics is seeing the reality. Data science is the fast-emerging and evolving domain of study and research for finding viable ways and means that can simplify and streamline the activity of emitting hidden and useful knowledge out of data volumes. In this chapter, we want to dig deeper to spell out the strategic implications of data science technologies, tools, platforms, and infrastructures. Especially how machine learning (ML) algorithms are influencing the futuristic field of data science. The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2022.
Raj P.; Augustine D.P.; Soundarabai P.B.
Demystifying Graph Data Science: Graph algorithms, analytics methods, platforms, databases, and use cases, pp. 345-378.
Institution of Engineering and Technology
https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpc048e_ch16 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85159020285&doi=10.1049%2fpbpc048e_ch16&partnerID=40&md5=702d2a201fd8851aad6f0695b7b09a9b
Raj P., Edge AI Division, Reliance Jio Platforms Ltd, Bangalore, India; Augustine D.P., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, India; Soundarabai P.B., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, India