Improving Renewable Energy Operations in Smart Grids through Machine Learning
This paper reviews the work in the areas of machine learning's role in bolstering renewable energy within smart grids. As the global shift towards eco-friendly energy sources such as wind and solar gains momentum, the challenge lies in managing these unpredictable energy sources efficiently. Innovative learning techniques are emerging as potential solutions to these challenges, optimising the use and benefits of renewable energies. Furthermore, the landscape of energy distribution is evolving, with a growing emphasis on automated decision-making software. Central to this evolution is machine learning, with its applications spanning a range of sectors. These include enhancing energy efficiency, seamlessly integrating green energy sources, making sense of vast data sets within smart grids, forecasting energy consumption patterns, and fortifying the security of power systems. Through a comprehensive review of these areas, this paper highlights the potential of machine learning in paving the way for a greener, more efficient energy future. The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2024.
Muralidharan P.; Subramani K.; Habelalmateen M.I.; Pant R.; Mishra A.; Ikhar S.
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454010023 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85198065976&doi=10.1051%2fe3sconf%2f202454010023&partnerID=40&md5=bdecf2d7ff02aba116b0a27c5640ec0a
Muralidharan P., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University, yeshwanthpur campus, Bangalore, India; Subramani K., School of Business and Management, CHRIST(Deemed to Be University), Yeshwantpur Campus, Bangalore, India; Habelalmateen M.I., The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Pant R., Uttaranchal Institute of Management, Uttaranchal University, Uttarakhand, India; Mishra A., Department of Computer Science & Engineering, IES College of Technology, IES University, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 462044, India; Ikhar S., Yashika Journal Publications Pvt Ltd, Maharashtra, Wardha, India
A Review on Condition Monitoring of Wind Turbines Using Machine Learning Techniques
Condition Monitoring; Machine learning; Renewable energy; Wind turbine
This document examines the most up-to-date research on the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in monitoring the conditions of wind turbines. The focus is on classification methods, which are used to identify different types of faults. The analysis revealed that the majority of the research utilizes Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) information, with neural networks, support vector machines, and decision trees being the most prevalent machine learning algorithms. The review also identifies several areas for future research, such as the development of more robust ML models that can handle noisy data and the use of ML methods for prognosis (predicting future faults). The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2024.
Muralidharan P.; Thakur G.; Shalini M.; Sharma V.; Abootharmahmoodshakir; Dhablia A.
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454003003 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85198141344&doi=10.1051%2fe3sconf%2f202454003003&partnerID=40&md5=1470b0a959ecd28269b140407790bf4c
Muralidharan P., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University Yeshwanthpur Campus Bangalore, India; Thakur G., Department of Civil Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India; Shalini M., Department of ECE, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College, Chennai, 127, India; Sharma V., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IES College of Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 462044, India; Abootharmahmoodshakir, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Dhablia A., Altimetrik India Pvt Ltd, Maharashtra, Pune, India
An Empirical Research of AI Approaches in Electronic Engineering
Artificial intelligence; Electronic engineering; Low power wide area network; Wireless communication
The function of artificial intelligence (AI) in electronic engineering has been suggested to overcome the issue of an elevated structure error rate in electronic engineering. Using LPWAN innovation in AI as an instance, an innovative structure is presented to increase the safety of the Internet of Things wireless communication infrastructure. The business, processing of information, terminal accessibility, and communication innovation layers make up the majority of the framework. The empirical findings indicate that the structures setup transmits four types of data transfer directions every 30 seconds, and the receiver port constantly gathers the aforementioned command information for 4 hours, contrasted to the conventional framework (15.6 percent), and the package loss rate is 4 percent, significantly enhancing the systems throughput and processing performance. The developed framework is more stable, has a lower bit error rate, and may assist wireless communication effectively. It has been demonstrated that the novel design, using LPWAN innovation as an instance, has a big total capacity as well as a good performance of its electronic engineering connection. The structure number error rate is considerably lowered, and the signal structure number is highly accurate as an outcome. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Prof. (Dr.) Dorota Jelonek, Prof. (Dr.) Narendra Kumar, Prof. (Dr.) Mamta Chahar, Prof. (Dr.) Rusudan Kinkladze and Prof. (Dr.) Lilla Knop; individual chapters, the contributors.
Muralidharan, V.; Rane, Kantilal Pitambar; Rashmi, K.; Chandrashekar, Rakesh; Nagpal, Amandeep; Acharjee, Purnendu Bikash
Recent Trends in Engineering and Science for Resource Optimization and Sustainable Development;pp.143-147
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003596721-33 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85218292036?origin=resultslist
Muralidharan V., Department of ECE, Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India; Rane K.P., Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of engineering, Navi Mumbai, India; Rashmi K., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, India; Chandrashekar R., Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore, India; Nagpal A., Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India; Acharjee P.B., Computer Science, CHRIST University, Bangaluru, India
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel using eco-friendly porous nanocarbon derived from waste mango kernels: a step towards sustainability
The pervasive corrosion of mild steel in acidic media poses a significant challenge in various industrial applications. While existing synthetic corrosion inhibitors are effective, their high cost and environmental toxicity necessitate the development of more sustainable alternatives. In this study, we present a novel approach to corrosion mitigation employing a porous nanocarbon synthesized from mango kernels, a sustainable source of agricultural waste. The CNS inhibitor was synthesized via pyrolysis at 800 C, yielding a high surface area (1090.2 m2 g?1) as confirmed by BET analysis. FE-SEM revealed a well-developed spherical morphology with an average particle size of 6070 nm. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of CNS was evaluated for mild steel in 1 M HCl using a combination of electrochemical techniques, including open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The CNS derived from waste mango kernels, exhibited excellent inhibition performance, achieving an efficiency of up to 87.1% at 800 ppm. PDP results revealed a mixed-type inhibition mechanism with suppression in both anodic and cathodic reactions. The thermodynamic parameter, adsorption free energy () of about ?20.0 kJ mol?1, indicates a spontaneous process and predominantly physical adsorption. Adsorption behavior was consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model. Surface analyses using SEM, EDS, optical profilometry, and water contact angle measurements corroborated the formation of a protective inhibitor film on the steel surface. These findings highlight the potential of bio-waste-derived materials as a sustainable and environmentally benign corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environments. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026
Murari, Anvitha; A, Arathi; Sirimahachai, Uraiwan; Rao, Srilatha; Hegde, Gurumurthy
RSC Advances;Volume;16;Issue;8;pp.6915-6930
https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra09725h https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105029352931?origin=resultslist
Murari A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; A A., Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Sirimahachai U., Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, 90112, Thailand; Rao S., Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Technology as a catalyst for co-creation using AI, big data, and digital platforms
Data has become the core asset as the world goes digital, with companies realizing the need to co-create value with customers and stakeholders. Technological advancements, specifically Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and digital platforms, have been the drivers of this shift. Technology, when comprehended well, can reinvent engagement, imagination, and collaboration in real time. This chapter considers technology's role in the value co-creation process and how it supports collaborative innovation. AI offers personalized, automated processes and intelligent insights. Big data fuels real-time personalization to enable businesses to react to evolving consumer behaviors. Digital platforms facilitate exchange of value, typically cocreated directly through user behavior. The chapter introduces such technologies, their role in co-created shared value, and indicates case studies for displaying the influence so that readers can avoid common traps in the employment of technology within co-creation approaches. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.
Murmu, Namrata; Yadav, Lata; Sharma, Vandana
Empowering Value Co-Creation in the Digital Era;pp.291-334
https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1742-7.ch012 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105005381086?origin=resultslist
Murmu N., Christ University, India; Yadav L., Christ University, India; Sharma V., Christ University, India
Future Perspectives of Microplastic towards Environmental Assessment
Microplastic (MP) pollution is an outcome of the widespread use of non-biodegradable plastic and improper disposal. This leads to contamination of environmental resources, such as landfills, and all kinds of water reservoirs including but not limited to sea, fresh water, drinking water, and even wastewater. Recent reports have highlighted the presence of MPs in the human body, including blood, lungs, placentas, and breast milk, indicating the severity of the issue. It is thus crucial to eliminate these hazardous contaminants from the environment. One of the effective methods to address the concern while reducing the adverse effects is to remove the MPs at their discharge points. Nanomaterials with exceptional properties like high surface area, ease of functionalization, and high affinity toward various pollutants act as excellent adsorbents. In this chapter, we present an overview of emerging nanomaterial-based adsorbents, such as photocatalysts, metal-organic frameworks, carbon-based nanomaterials, and nanocomposites, for effective removal of MPs from aqueous media via adsorption, photo-catalysis, and membrane filtration. However, considering that the research in the area of MP pollution is still in its infant stage, we aim to provide a brief account of the strengths, weaknesses, and future research dimensions of nanomaterial-based adsorbents for removing MPs from aqueous media. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Nirmala Kumari Jangid and Rekha Sharma; individual chapters, the contributors.
Microplastics: Detection, Extraction, Remediation Techniques, and Future Perspectives, pp. 212-229.
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST Deemed to be University, India
Inkjet printing of MOx-based heterostructures for gas sensing and safety applicationsRecent trends, challenges, and future scope
Acetone; Acetylene; Doping; Ethanol; Formaldehyde; Heterostructures; Ink formulation; Inkjet printing; Metal oxide; Metal oxide semiconductor; Methanol; MOx; Nanocomposites; Nanostructures; Toluene; VOC
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are pollutants that affect air quality and human health. Detection of VOCs is important for environmental safety. Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) is a promising product for gas sensors due to its advantages of easy fabrication, low cost, and good portability. Their performance is greatly affected by microstructure, defects, catalysts, heterojunctions, and moisture. Metal oxidebased nanomaterials serve as a platform to identify various VOCs with high sensitivity due to their wide bandgap, n-type transport, and excellent electrical properties. Gas detection devices based on doping, altered morphology, and heterostructure have been shown to be effective against VOCs. Inkjet printing (IJP) is a promising process for the room-temperature deposition of functional metal oxides for sensing applications. However, the development of metal oxide ink requires a careful selection of the precursors, solvents, and additives. This section will focus on the production of various metal oxide (MOx)-based sensors such as ZnO, SnO2, MoO3, CuO, Cu2O, Mn3O4, and WO3 for the detection of VOCs such as acetylene, toluene, ethanol, formaldehyde, and acetone. It will summarize recent research and advances in large-scale printing of MOx-based nanocomposites. This work illustrates the need to explore new composite materials, structures, and morphology as well as other methods for better and faster transformation. The role of solvents in ink stabilization and printing and the behavior of ink rheological parameters in the IJP spraying process will also be discussed. Ink formulations for the synthesis of functional nanocomposites will be analyzed and presented for future scope and challenges. 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Complex and Composite Metal Oxides for Gas, VOC and Humidity Sensors, Volume 2: Technology and New Trends, pp. 133-157.
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) for solar cell applications
Energy storage; Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN); Heterostructures; Nanostructures; Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs); Perovskite solar cells; Photovoltaics; Solar cells
There is an eminent global energy crisis and photovoltaics as one of the primary renewable energy sources is playing an important part in offsetting the dependency on fossil fuels. Current solar cells technology is dominated by silicon, and researchers are trying to replace it with organic and nanocrystalline semiconducting materials. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, GCN) has gained interest as a visible light driven photocatalyst with a unique 2D structure, excellent chemical stability and tunable electronic structure along with attractive optoelectronic properties. Pure GCN suffers from low surface area and rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs resulting in low photovoltaic and photocatalytic activity and hence modification by doping with other atoms is required. Photocatalytic applications of GCN based nanomaterials for water splitting, hydrogen production, CO2 reduction and pollutant degradation has been extensively investigated and systematically reviewed. However, their applications as energy storage has been explored recently and there is a lack of comprehensive review that systematically summarizes the application of GCN and GCN-based heterostructures for solar cell applications. Heterojunctions with superior light absorption and appropriate conduction band and valence band alignment is a promising approach for the applications in efficient environmental remediation and solar energy storage. This critical review summarizes the synthesis and advances of GCN nanocomposites modified with semiconductors (TiO2, ZnO), bismuth titanate, strontium titanate and rare earth metals for solar cell applications. GCN-based heterostructures with perovskite and polymer based materials are also presented. The characteristics and transfer mechanism within the various heterojunctions is also reviewed and presented. The review ends with a summary and some perspectives on the challenges and new directions in exploring GCN-based advanced nanomaterials particularly towards photovoltaics and energy storage applications. 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Nanoscale Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Synthesis and Applications, pp. 225-276.
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Kanminike, Bengaluru, India
Dye-sensitized solar cells; Nanoarchitectures; Optical excitation; Photoanode device; Photoanode materials
This chapter looks into providing detailed information on the state-of-the-art and recent trends on materials and nanoarchitectures for improved photoanode device. It provides a roadmap for researchers toward optimization of photoanodes using advanced material engineering. The chapter casts some light on the performance of various photoanode materials and nanostructures, such as TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, Nb2O5, Al2O3, ZrO2, CeO2, SrTiO3, Zn2SnO4, and carbon in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Plasmonic photoanodes are an emerging field in DSSC spanning a wide range of materials where the paramount challenge is coming up with effective strategies to incorporate suitable plasmonic structures into nanocrystalline and nanostructured electrodes. Optical excitation of the dye is the basis of DSSC operation, where an electron is excited from the dye molecule into the conduction band of a wideband metal oxide. 2020 JohnWiley & Sons Inc. All rights reserved.
Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, pp. 35-77.
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST University, Kanminike, Bengaluru, India
Novel Anti-Corrosion and Anti-Fouling Coatings and Thin Films
Nanomaterials and nanocomposite materials have been developed as corrosion inhibitors and are the most noble and effective alternatives to traditional organic corrosion inhibitors. Nanomaterials provide reasonably high anticorrosive activity in both aqueous and solution phases. A unified approach to this task is lacking, however, which highlights the role of all disciplines involved in the creation and use of corrosion protection coatings for metals. Fouling is the process of accumulating unwanted material that is mostly non-living and comprised of detritus and organic or inorganic compounds, or organisms, such as tiny viruses up to giant kelps. This book covers both the processes of biofouling and anti(bio)fouling, and the devices that stop the biofouling process. This book provides a missing synopsis by providing an understanding of the anticorrosive and anti-biofouling effects of nanomaterials and nanocomposites under different environments. It features an up-to-date picture of the quality and chemistry of a substrate surface, its proper preparation by conversion treatment, the function of resins and anticorrosive pigments in paints, and novel concepts for corrosion protection. 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Murthy H.; Pillai V.J.; Kumar K.P.; Cowan M.
Novel Anti-Corrosion and Anti-Fouling Coatings and Thin Films, pp. 1-503.
Murthy H., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Pillai V.J., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Kumar K.P., Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Cowan M., Dept. of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Novel Anti-Corrosion and Anti-Fouling Coatings and Thin Films, pp. xvii-xviii.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394234318.fmatter https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85208004626&doi=10.1002%2f9781394234318.fmatter&partnerID=40&md5=f20b9712594414cb485fc3f4f50b99d6
A Statistical Analysis and Comparison of the spread of Swine Flu and COVID-19 in India
Corona virus; COVID-19; H1N1; Pandemic; SARS-CoV-2; Swine flu
Introduction: The world is currently experiencing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [COVID-19], however, this is not a new phenomenon; it occurred in 2009-2010 in the form of novel influenza A. (H1N1). The H1N1 virus primarily afflicted people between the ages of 26 and 50, but SARS-CoV-2 primarily afflicted those over the age of 60, increasing the number of deaths owing to their weakened immunity. The report provides a case study of the impact of H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 in India. Methods: Data is obtained from The Hindustan Times newspaper, GoI press releases and World Health Organization (WHO) reports. Results: The incidence rate was initially low and it was only by the 10-15th week that it started increasing. There is an initial upward trend before levelling out followed by a second wave and third wave. COVID-19 exhibited a steeper growth, where the steps taken by the Government were ineffective leading to higher death cases. Kerala was affected due to the travellers returning from the Middle East, while Maharashtra and Delhi saw large incidence rates due to the migrant influx and communal gathering. Conclusion: The most effective and practical approach is to test the symptomatic patients and aggressive testing to contain the transmission. Awareness campaigns to educate the public about social distancing and personal hygiene is more practical. There is still scope of improvement with regards to the public health care support, preparedness and response. Lockdown measures could have been avoided if the initial screening was conducted properly. 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.
Murthy H.; Pratap B.R.; Joseph P M.; Pillai V.J.; Chandra K S.; Kumar K.P.
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vol-18, No. 6, pp. 92-99.
https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs18.6.14 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85144131604&doi=10.47836%2fmjmhs18.6.14&partnerID=40&md5=26ac66fc16b1c9987eab36811b924592
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Pratap B.R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Joseph P M., Department of Computer Science, Modern College of Business and Science, PC 133, Muscat, Oman; Pillai V.J., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Chandra K S., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Kumar K.P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India
Nickel-Based Inks for Flexible Electronics - A Review on Recent Trends
conductive electronics; direct ink writing; ink; Inkjet printing; nickel
Inkjet printing (IJP) is an efficient, simple, scalable and low-cost additive manufacturing technique for the deposition of functional materials on substrates used in flexible electronic devices, sensors, and light-emitting diodes to name a few. Nanoparticle ink, metal oxide decomposition (particle-free ink), polymer ink, and semiconductor ink are classifications of the inks used in IJP. Effective printing of the material is possible when the ink parameters (viscosity, particle size, surface tension) and its derived dimensionless quantities (Weber number, Reynolds' number, and Ohnesorge number) fall within a desirable range. The formation of the coffee-ring effect during the post-printing process is one of the major concerns, which affects the morphology and electrical conductivity of the printed pattern. In this review, a summary of recent developments of Ni-based inks in terms of formulation, sintering and properties is presented, along with the effect of combining Ni with other materials such as NiO, Ag, Cu, Zn, Fe, carbon, and rare earth metals on the film properties. The precursors and solvents used for the Ni ink preparation, along with the additives and surfactants, have been presented to understand their impact on the film's properties and develop a design to choose the ideal precursor-solvent pair. Finally, the challenges in formulating inks and the necessity to develop a model to optimize the choice of solvent/ precursor are presented. The model would improve the selection of additives and precursors and reduce material wastage and enhance performance with fewer defects. 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems, Vol-21, No. 3, pp. 591-624.
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219686722500214 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120874705&doi=10.1142%2fS0219686722500214&partnerID=40&md5=a7281f7deb26faa41b6fe9c6ba2e185e
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Kumbalgodu, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Thakur N., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Kumbalgodu, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Shankhwar N., Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati, 781039, India
Internet of Things in Bioelectronics: Emerging Technologies and Applications
This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the exciting intersection between technology and biology and delves into the principles, applications, and future directions of IoT in the realm of bioelectronics; it serves as both an introduction for those new to the field and as a detailed reference for experienced professionals seeking to deepen their knowledge. The rapid convergence of technology and biology heralds a new era of evolution in the Internet of Things (IoT), a transformative force enabling interconnected devices to communicate and operate with unparalleled synergy. This is particularly true in the groundbreaking field of bioelectronics, where the fusion of biological systems with electronic devices and IoT is reshaping the landscape of bioelectronics, promising to open up new frontiers in healthcare, diagnostics, and personalized medicine. This timely book explores the numerous ways in which IoT-enabled bioelectronic devices are used to monitor and enhance human health, from wearable sensors that track vital signs to implantable devices that can communicate with healthcare providers in real time. One central theme of this book is the transformative impact of IoT on healthcare. By enabling continuous, remote monitoring of patients, IoT technologies are not only improving the accuracy of diagnostics but also making healthcare more accessible and personalized. The book also addresses the critical issues of securing health records on the internet, which are of paramount importance as we increasingly rely on interconnected devices to collect and transmit sensitive health information. Additional attention is paid to the future directions of IoT in bioelectronics and the integration of innovative areas, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data analytics, in driving the development of ever more sophisticated and capable bioelectronic systems. Audience The target audience includes professionals, researchers, academics, and students involved in various fields related to bioelectronics, IoT, healthcare, biotechnology, engineering, and related disciplines. 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Murthy H.; Zurek-Mortka M.; Pillai V.J.; Kumar K.P.
Internet of Things in Bioelectronics: Emerging Technologies and Applications, pp. 1-314.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394241903 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85208344369&doi=10.1002%2f9781394241903&partnerID=40&md5=1d2f106c53b2dc2b64bf632b21f0cb56
Murthy H., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Zurek-Mortka M., Dept. of Control Systems, Institute for Sustainable Technologies, Radom, Poland; Pillai V.J., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Kumar K.P., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Suspension culture of somatic embryos for the production of high-value secondary metabolites
Bioactive compounds; Bioreactors; Elicitation; Scale-up process; Secondary metabolites; Somatic embryogenesis
Secondary metabolites from plants are ubiquitous and have applications in medicines, food additives, scents, colorants, and natural pesticides. Biotechnological production of secondary metabolites that have economic benefits is an attractive alternative to conventional methods. Cell, adventitious, and hairy root suspension cultures are typically used to produce secondary metabolites. According to recent studies, somatic embryos in suspension culture are useful tools for the generation of secondary metabolites. Somatic embryogenesis is a mode of regeneration in several plant species. This review provides an update on the use of somatic embryogenesis in the production of valuable secondary metabolites. The factors influencing the generation of secondary metabolites using somatic embryos in suspension cultures, elicitation methods, and prospective applications are also discussed in this review. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. 2023, Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society.
Murthy H.N.; Joseph K.S.; Hahn J.-E.; Lee H.-S.; Paek K.Y.; Park S.Y.
Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Vol-29, No. 8, pp. 1153-1177.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Hahn J.-E., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Lee H.-S., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Production of betalains in plant cell and organ cultures: a review
Betacyanins; Betalains; Betanin; Betaxanthin; Bioreactors; Cell cultures; Metabolic engineering; Secondary metabolites
Betalains are nitrogen-containing natural pigments that are water soluble and they comprise of the red-violet betacyanin and the yellow betaxanthin which are abundant in plants such as red/yellow beet, amaranth, prickly pear, pitaya, and others. They are widely used as food coloring agents for many centuries. Betalains are used in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmeceuticals, since they have tremendous potential to scavenge free radicals and prevent diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, cancer, neurological disorders, and vascular stenosis. Betalains are proven to be toxicologically safe and have health benefits, they have been approved as food additives in the United States of America, and European countries. Although betalains can be found in natural resources, there are differences in their composition, amounts, and seasonality. For this reason, researchers have developed alternative methods of producing these valuable compounds using cell and organ culture techniques. In several plants, cell and organ cultures are established, and bioreactor technologies have been used to produce betalains on a wide scale. In this review, we discuss the varied biotechnological methods and approaches applied for the biosynthesis of betalains including metabolic engineering approaches. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Murthy H.N.; Joseph K.S.; Paek K.Y.; Park S.-Y.
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, Vol-158, No. 2
Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.-Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Anthocyanin Production from Plant Cell and Organ Cultures In Vitro
anthocyanins; colorants; elicitation; metabolic engineering; plant cell cultures; secondary metabolites
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments found in plants. They exist in various colors, including red, purple, and blue, and are utilized as natural colorants in the food and cosmetics industries. The pharmaceutical industry uses anthocyanins as therapeutic compounds because they have several medicinal qualities, including anti-obesity, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Anthocyanins are conventionally procured from colored fruits and vegetables and are utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. However, the composition and concentration of anthocyanins from natural sources vary quantitively and qualitatively; therefore, plant cell and organ cultures have been explored for many decades to understand the production of these valuable compounds. A great deal of research has been carried out on plant cell cultures using varied methods, such as the selection of suitable cell lines, medium optimization, optimization culture conditions, precursor feeding, and elicitation for the production of anthocyanin pigments. In addition, metabolic engineering technologies have been applied for the hyperaccumulation of these compounds in varied plants, including tobacco and arabidopsis. In this review, we describe various strategies applied in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of anthocyanins. 2023 by the authors.
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010117 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85182177725&doi=10.3390%2fplants13010117&partnerID=40&md5=26314728f6c1b7245cf605bb45ff8360
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.-Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Light as an elicitor for enhanced production of secondary metabolites in plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures
Cell culture; Cryptochromes; Elicitor; Fluorescent light; Light emitting diodes; Photoreceptors; Phytochromes; Ultraviolet light
Currently, in vitro cell, tissue, and organ cultures are used to produce plant secondary metabolites that are used as natural coloring agents, nutraceuticals, and medications. Various strategies have been applied for the hyperaccumulation of biomass and bioactive secondary compounds in vitro. The elicitation of cultured cells and organs with biotic and abiotic elicitors is an excellent strategy that has yielded promising results. Among various abiotic elicitors, light parameters such as light quality, intensity, and photoperiod have evolved as biotechnological tools to elicit cultures. Of the various light sources tested, ultraviolet (UV) lights, particularly UV-B, red, blue, and a mixture of light emitted by fluorescent light or light-emitting diodes, have yielded outstanding results and boosted the accumulation of bioactive compounds in cultured cells and organs. The objective of the current study was to evaluate light as an elicitor source and summarize the advantages and limitations of various light sources as elicitors for the bioaccumulation of secondary metabolites in vitro. The mechanism of the elicitation of secondary metabolism by UV and spectral light is discussed in this review. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Murthy H.N.; Joseph K.S.; Paek K.Y.; Park S.Y.
Plant Growth Regulation, Vol-104, No. 1, pp. 31-49.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Nanomaterials as novel elicitors of pharmacologically active plant specialized metabolites in cell and organ cultures: current status and future outlooks
Cell cultures; Elicitor; Nanomaterials; Organ cultures
Specialized plant metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenes, terpenoids, nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds, are commercially valuable owing to their wide array of applications in the medical, pharmacological, cosmetic, agriculture, and food industries. Procuring valuable specialized metabolites from wild or cultivated plants is desirable; however, the concentrations and quality of secondary compounds vary between samples. Therefore, plant cells and organ cultures have been selected as viable alternatives for producing specialized metabolites. Elicitation is a strategy used to enhance the accumulation of specialized compounds in cell and organ cultures. Different biotic substances, including signaling chemicals such as salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate, elements of plant cell walls (cellulose and pectin), polysaccharides from microbes (chitin and glucan), and abiotic substances such as inorganic salts, heavy metals, UV radiation, and high salinity, have been successfully tested and used as elicitors for the hyperaccumulation of bioactive substances in cell and organ cultures. Recently, metals, metal oxide nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials have been used as unique elicitors to boost the synthesis of bioactive compounds in cell and organ cultures. The applications and usage of nanoparticles as elicitors in plant cell and organ cultures are summarized in this review. The mechanism of elicitation, toxicity, benefits, and drawbacks of using nanoparticles in plant cell and organ cultures are discussed. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023.
Plant Growth Regulation, Vol-104, No. 1, pp. 5-30.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Production of specialized metabolites in plant cell and organo-cultures: the role of gamma radiation in eliciting secondary metabolism
Elicitation; gamma rays; ionizing radiation; mutants; reactive oxygen species; secondary metabolites
Purpose: To provide an updated summary of recent advances in the application of gamma irradiation to elicit secondary metabolism and for induction of mutations in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of industrially important specialized metabolites (SMs). Conclusions: Research on the application of gamma radiation with plants has contributed a lot to microbial decontamination of seeds, and the promotion of physiological processes such as seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, and development. Various studies have demonstrated the influence of gamma rays on the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of plants. Recent research efforts have also shown that low-dose gamma (5100 Gy) irradiation can be utilized as an expedient solution to alleviate the deleterious effect of abiotic stresses and to obtain better yields of plants. Inducing mutagenesis using gamma irradiation has also evolved as a better option for inducing genetic variability in crops, vegetables, medicinal and ornamentals for their genetic improvement. Plant SMs are gaining increasing importance as pharmaceutical, therapeutic, cosmetic, and agricultural products. Plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures represent an attractive alternative to conventional methods of procuring useful SMs. Among the varied approaches the elicitor-induced in vitro culture techniques are considered an efficient tool for studying and improving the production of SMs. This review focuses on the utilization of low-dose gamma irradiation in the production of high-value SMs such as phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Furthermore, we present varied successful examples of gamma-ray-induced mutations in the production of SMs. Copyright 2024 Taylor & Francis Group LLC.
International Journal of Radiation Biology, Vol-100, No. 5, pp. 678-688.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
ISSN: 9553002; PubMed ID: 38451191; CODEN: IJRBA
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea