On-off fluorescence detection of exposed phosgene via pyrazine ring formation on a triphenyl amine backbone supplemented with a theoretical approach and practical environmental applications
Using 4-(diphenylamino)benzaldehyde as the fluorophore and 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile, a fluorescent probe known as 2-amino-3-(((E)-4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)amino)-maleonitrile (ADM) has been developed for the selective detection of phosgene through a unique cyclization pathway producing a substituted pyrazine derivative attached to a triphenyl amine backbone. This reaction led to a notable reduction in the emission intensity of ADM at 565 nm. This is the first study that reports ADM as a sensory material for the selective detection of phosgene, achieved by forming a new heterocyclic pyrazine structure. With a quick response time of only 80 seconds, the detection limit of the probe ADM towards phosgene has been calculated as 4.23 ?M. Several spectroscopic methods, including UV-vis, emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and computational investigations are used to study the sensing behavior. In practical applications, the sensor ADM can be used for soil analysis, the dipstick method, and the detection of phosgene from chlorinated hydrocarbon sources such as dichloromethane, chloroform and household solvents like paint remover. 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
New Journal of Chemistry, Vol-48, No. 31, pp. 13776-13782.
https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nj02319f https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199201673&doi=10.1039%2fd4nj02319f&partnerID=40&md5=f68523f00af706416417cd3ab9525297
Kumar M.S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Das A.K., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
One dimensional NiMn2O4 nanofibrous architectures for symmetric supercapacitor device
Device; Electrospinning; Nanofibers; Supercapacitor
In this study, NiMn2O4 nanofibers are synthesized using an electrospinning method. The NiMn2O4 nanofiber films, coated on stainless-steel substrates, are electrochemically characterized in different electrolytes, including KCl, KOH, NaOH, and Na2SO4. The study explores how the choice of electrolyte influences the specific capacitance, galvanostatic charge-discharge behavior, cycle stability, and capacitance retention of the NiMn2O4 nanofiber electrodes. NiMn2O4 electrodes in KOH exhibit superior performance at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, with an areal capacitance of 2125 F/g. The higher capacitance in KOH is attributed to its high ionic conductivity and efficient ion mobility. Additionally, the NiMn2O4 nanofiber electrodes demonstrate excellent cycle stability, with 76.38 % capacitance retention in 1 M KOH. These results suggest that 1D NiMn2O4 nanofiber electrodes deliver superior electrochemical performance in KOH compared to other aqueous electrolytes, highlighting their potential for future electrochemical energy storage applications. Furthermore, the flexible symmetric supercapacitor device shows excellent flexibility and electrochemical stability, with specific energy of 660 Wh/kg and specific power of 140 kW/kg obtained at a current density of 2 mA/cm2. These findings indicate that 1D NiMn2O4 nanofibers, particularly in 1 M KOH, are promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitor applications, paving the way for advancements in electrochemical energy storage devices. 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Jirankalagi, Sidraya N.; Molane, Avinash C.; Sutar, Sarjerao M.; Mulik, Ramesh N.; Selvaraj, Manickam; Sunajadevi, Kalathiparambil Rajendra Pai; Patil, Vikas B.
Journal of Power Sources;Volume;657;Issue;;Article No.;238213;
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.238213 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014538408?origin=resultslist
Jirankalagi S.N., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, (MS), Solapur, 413255, India, Department of Physics, DBF Dayanand College of Arts & Science, (MS), Solapur, 413002, India; Molane A.C., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, (MS), Solapur, 413255, India; Sutar S.M., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, (MS), Solapur, 413255, India; Mulik R.N., Department of Physics, DBF Dayanand College of Arts & Science, (MS), Solapur, 413002, India; Selvaraj M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, AlQura'a., Abha, Saudi Arabia; Sunajadevi K.R.P., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Patil V.B., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, (MS), Solapur, 413255, India
One Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis and Application of Bright-yellow-emissive Carbon Quantum Dots in Hg2+ Detection
Carbon quantum dots; Hg2+ ion; Hydrothermal synthesis; Quenching; Real sample analysis
Carbon quantum dots (CQD) have drawn great interest worldwide for their extensive application as sensors due to their extraordinary physical and chemical characteristics, good biocompatibility, and high fluorescence in nature. Here, we demonstrate a technique for detecting mercury (Hg2+) ion using a fluorescent CQD probe. Ecology is concerned about the accumulation of heavy metal ions in water samples due to their harmful effects on human health. Sensitive identification and removal of metal ions from water samples are required to reduce heavy metals risk. To find out Mercury in the water sample, carbon quantum dots were used and synthesized by 5-dimethyl amino methyl furfuryl alcohol and o-phenylene diamine through the hydrothermal technique. The synthesized CQD shows yellow emission when exposed to UV irradiation. Mercury ion was used to quench carbon quantum dots, and it was found that the detection limit was 5.2 nM with a linear range of 15100 M. The synthesized carbon quantum dots were demonstrated to efficiently detect Mercury ions in real water samples. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Jaison A.M.C.; Vasudevan D.; Ponmudi K.; George A.; Varghese A.
Journal of Fluorescence, Vol-33, No. 6, pp. 2281-2294.
ISSN: 10530509; PubMed ID: 37017893; CODEN: JOFLE
Jaison A.M.C., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Vasudevan D., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Ponmudi K., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; George A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
One pot synthesis of a novel bioactive compound employing a deep eutectic solvent grafted MWCNT system in a solventless environment
Cytotoxicity; Deep eutectic solvent; Grafting; Knoevenagel condensation; MWCNT
Heterogeneous catalysis is considered as a suitable alternative to conventional organic synthesis for the selective production of industrially significant fine chemicals. The development of supported catalysts by dispersing minimal quantities of active component can reduce production costs and enhance energy efficiency. The current work reports the development of Deep eutectic solvent (DES) modified multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) system and its activity in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The catalytic system was developed by grinding a very low concentration (0.83mM) of DES with desired amount of MWCNT. Various interactions of the three component DES with MWCNT were analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The reaction favoured a novel compound selectively with yield around 92% in solvent free medium. Anti-cancerous studies of the synthesized compound demonstrated a strong IC50 value of 15.62g/ml and a statistically calculated IC50 value of 9.8g/ml. Acridine orange/ Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) dual fluorescence staining studies revealed that the test ligand with lowest concentration of 7.8g/ml was capable to induce apoptosis in 100% of MCF-7 cells. It is evident from the studies that the synthesized compound is a strong anticancer agent with potential to be investigated further. The Author(s) 2025.
Veigas, Laveena Mariet; Ravi, Lokesh; Santhosh, G.; Kumar, Lokesh S.; Chandra, P. Nikhil; Mohan, Mothi Krishna
Scientific Reports;Volume;15;Issue;1;Article No.;26100;
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11153-0 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011092141?origin=resultslist
Veigas L.M., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India, St Josephs University, 36 Lalbagh Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560027, India; Ravi L., Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, The Apollo University, Andra Pradesh, Chittoor, 517127, India, Centre for Digital Health and Precision Medicine, The Apollo University, Andra Pradesh, Chittoor, 517127, India; Santhosh G., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Kumar L.S., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Chandra P.N., P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry, Sree Narayana College, Kerala, Kollam, 691001, India; Mohan M.K., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
One Time Password-Based Two Channel Authentication MechanismUsing Blockchain
Blockchain; Bluetooth; Fog nodes; Hashing; OTP
Using Fog Nodes, also known as IOT devices are increasing everyday with more and more home automation, industry automation, automobile automation, etc. Security threats for these devices are also increasing. One of the threats is impersonating one fog node, stealing data and taking control of the network which is also known as the Sybil attack. To provide security, most fog devices use one step or two step authentication and sometimes use encryption. With static passwords, there is a chance of compromise by password sharing and leaking. Some weak encryption algorithms used are also compromised. Data about fog nodes in the network is stored in a weak database and is tampered. OTP-based Two Channel Authentication Mechanism (OTPTAM) to authenticate the fog nodes with metadata stored in Blockchain Database and communicate using channels encrypted with Elliptical Ciphers can solve the majority of these problems. Metadata of the nodes like Bluetooth MAC address, network mac address, telephone number are all stored in the blockchain and the OTP is exchanged via these channels to ensure the authenticity of the fog nodes. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-462, pp. 229-237.
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Asha H.P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ (Deemed to be) University, Bangalore, India; Jingle I.D.J., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ (Deemed to be) University, Bangalore, India
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of 3D garland BiOI, spherical ZnO, and CNFs onto Ni foam: Supercapacitor performance with enhanced electrochemical properties
Battery type supercapacitors; Bismuth oxyiodide; Carbon nanomaterials; Electrochemical properties; Energy storage; Heterostructured electrodes; Nickel foam; ZnO nanoparticles
This study reported one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of 3D garland BiOI, spherical ZnO, and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) onto Ni foam substrate with improved supercapacitor performance and enhanced electrochemical properties. The synthesized nanocomposites exhibited high specific capacitance (SC) of 1073 g?1 at a current density of 1 A/g and excellent cycling stability with 88.6% retention of original capacity after 5000 cycles in 2M KOH aqueous solution. The findings highlight the potential of 3D materials for use as electrode materials in advanced supercapacitor applications due to their high energy storage capabilities. 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Reddy N.R.; Kumar A.S.; Reddy P.M.; Roy N.; Kanchi S.; Kakarla R.R.; Jung J.H.; Aminabhavi T.M.; Joo S.W.
Journal of Environmental Management, Vol-370
ISSN: 3014797; PubMed ID: 39405870; CODEN: JEVMA
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122841 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85206284758&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2024.122841&partnerID=40&md5=01b51d04721ada99f7e8734d4b9021cd
Reddy N.R., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Kumar A.S., Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Reddy P.M., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Roy N., Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Kanchi S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Kakarla R.R., School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Jung J.H., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Aminabhavi T.M., Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Karnataka, Hubballi, 580031, India, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Uttarakhand, Dehradun, 248 007, India; Joo S.W., School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of MWCNTs/NiS/graphitic carbon nitride as next generation asymmetric supercapacitors
Cycling stability; Graphitic carbon nitride; Nickel sulfide; Supercapacitors; Sustainable energy
Fabricating new electrode materials with high capacitive properties is crucial in contemporary research. The construction of hybrid supercapacitors developed using transition metal-sulfides and carbonaceous materials provides significant surface area and distinctive charge storage characteristics. In the present work, NH2-multiwalled carbon nanotubes/NiS/g-C3N4 (MNG) hybrid was synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method, and pristine g-C3N4 using thermal method. The morphological studies of the hybrid materials show the presence of tube like MWCNTs, sphere-like NiS, and sheet like g-C3N4. The uniform distribution of all the components in the hybrid helps in exhibiting excellent electrochemical performances. The prepared electrode material shows a specific capacitance of 2432 F g?1 at a current density of 4 A g?1. Furthermore, following a series of 10,000 cycling tests, the hybrid ternary composite retains 98 % of its initial capacitance. An asymmetric coin cell of MNG//AC was fabricated with an exceptional energy density of 73.3 Wh kg?1 and a power density of 1599.2 W kg?1. This remarkable rate performance and cycle stability exhibited by the material indicate its potential as a highly efficient electrode material for supercapacitors. 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Baby A.; Vigneshwaran J.; Jose S.P.; P.B S.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol-992
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.174491 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85190861234&doi=10.1016%2fj.jallcom.2024.174491&partnerID=40&md5=63b6090ce1750993bbf8dddebfadf301
Baby A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Vigneshwaran J., Nano Laboratory, School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India; Jose S.P., Nano Laboratory, School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India; P.B S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
One-pot sustainable synthesis of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones and their evaluation for antitubercular and anticancer activity
Anticancer activity; Antitubercular activity; MCR; Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones; Sustainable synthesis; ?-proline
A novel green protocol for the construction of diversified pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones was accomplished by a single-pot reaction of aryl aldehydes, Meldrum's acid, thiobarbituric acid, and ammonium acetate/aniline in H2O using ?-proline as an expeditious reusable catalyst at room temperature (26 C). Our strategy provides an innovative synthetic avenue for the construction of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones, as well as several advantages over traditional methods, including a simple procedure, shorter reaction duration, excellent yields, safe handling, easy workup, catalyst recovery, and environmental compatibility. Furthermore, the synthesised compounds were tested for their impact on different cell lines and microorganisms. Compounds 5d and 5e were particularly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (antitubercular), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), lung cancer cells (A549 and NCI-H460), and both Gram-positive (S. pyogenes) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria. The derivatives with hydroxyl and nitro substitutions [5e, 5f] showed the highest potency against MCF-7, A549, and NCI-H460 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.684.36, 3.823.41, and 11.3412.28 g/mL, respectively. 2024 The Author(s)
Tabassum S.; Ramaraj S.G.; Rajprasad J.; Sadaiyandi V.; Kumar N.; Govindaraju S.
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, Vol-1025
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2024.123450 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85210404206&doi=10.1016%2fj.jorganchem.2024.123450&partnerID=40&md5=0f5d132eb2b7b9d8aa6a0284ed9acf14
Tabassum S., Department of Chemistry, Surana College - Autonomous, South End Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004, India; Ramaraj S.G., Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Japan, Department of Materials Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMTS), Thandalam, Tamilnadu, Chennai, 602105, India; Rajprasad J., Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, India; Sadaiyandi V., Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, Chengalpattu, 603203, India; Kumar N., Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Uttarakhand, Dehradun, 248002, India; Govindaraju S., Department of Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Mysore Road, Bengaluru, 560074, India
Tabassum, Sumaiya; Ramaraj, Sankar Ganesh; Rajprasad, J.; Sadaiyandi, Vivekananthan; Kumar, Niraj; Govindaraju, Santhosh
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry;Volume;1025;Issue;;Article No.;123450;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2024.123450 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85210404206?origin=resultslist
One-Pot Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ageratum conyzoides and Their Biological Efficacy
Ageratum conyzoides; antibacterial; antidiabetic; FE-SEM; HR-TEM; silver nanoparticles
The main objective of the present research work is to assess the biological properties of the aqueous plant extract (ACAE) synthesised silver nanoparticles from the herbal plant Ageratum conyzoides, and their biological applications. The silver nanoparticle syntheses from Ageratum conyzoides (Ac-AgNPs) were optimised with different parameters, such as pH (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) and varied silver nitrate concentration (1 mM and 5 mM). Based on the UVvis spectroscopy analysis of the synthesised silver nanoparticles, the concentration of 5 mM with the pH at 8 was recorded as the peak reduction at 400 nm; and these conditions were optimized were used for further studies. The results of the FE-SEM analysis recorded the size ranges (~3090 nm), and irregular spherical and triangular shapes of the AC-AgNPs were captured. The characterization reports of the HR-TEM investigation of AC-AgNPs were also in line with the FE-SEM studies. The antibacterial efficacies of AC-AgNPs have revealed the maximum zone of inhibition against S. typhi to be within 20 mm. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity of AC-AgNPs is shown to have an effective antiplasmodial property (IC50:17.65 ?g/mL), whereas AgNO3 has shown a minimum level of IC50: value 68.03 ?g/mL, and the Ac-AE showed >100 ?g/mL at 24 h of parasitaemia suppression. The ?-amylase inhibitory properties of AC-AgNPs have revealed a maximum inhibition similar to the control Acarbose (IC50: 10.87 ?g/mL). The antioxidant activity of the AC-AgNPs have revealed a better property (87.86% 0.56, 85.95% 1.02 and 90.11 0.29%) when compared with the Ac-AE and standard in all the three different tests, such as DPPH, FRAP and H2O2 scavenging assay, respectively. The current research work might be a baseline for the future drug expansion process in the area of nano-drug design, and its applications also has a lot of economic viability and is a safer method in synthesising or producing silver nanoparticles. 2023 by the authors.
Paramasivam D.; Balasubramanian B.; Suresh R.; Kumaravelu J.; Vellingiri M.M.; Liu W.-C.; Meyyazhagan A.; Alanazi A.M.; Rengasamy K.R.R.; Arumugam V.A.
https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040688 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153792264&doi=10.3390%2fantibiotics12040688&partnerID=40&md5=bfd99454f2322af7dbe74b28493b3b53
Paramasivam D., Department of Life Science, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bengaluru North University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560077, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Suresh R., PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Dr. N.G.P. Arts and Science College, Autonomous and Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641048, India; Kumaravelu J., Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bharth Institute of Higher Education and Research, Agharam Road Selaiyur, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600073, India; Vellingiri M.M., Department of Biotechnology, Rathnavel Subramaniam College of Arts and Science, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641402, India; Liu W.-C., College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560076, India; Alanazi A.M., Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Rengasamy K.R.R., Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India; Arumugam V.A., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641046, India
One-Pot Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Garcinia gummi-gutta: Characterisation, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Cancerous and Photocatalytic Applications
anti-cancer; antimicrobial activity; antioxidant; crystal violet; Garcinia gummi-gutta; photocatalytic degradation; phytotoxicity
Background: Methods like the bio-synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using plant extracts have become promising due to their eco-friendly approach. The study aimed to examine the utilization of Garcinia gummi-gutta fruit phytochemicals as agents in the biosynthesis of Ag NPs, evaluation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancerous properties, as well as the photocatalytic ability of bio-synthesized Ag NPs against Crystal Violet (CV), a triphenylmethane dye. Methods: The characterization of the physical properties of the Ag NPs synthesized via the green route was done using UVVis spectrophotometry (UVVis), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential analysis, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The dye degradation efficiency of CV was determined using synthesized Ag NPs under UV light by analyzing the absorption maximum at 579 nm. The antimicrobial efficacy of Ag NPs against E. coli, S. aureus, Candida tropicalis, and Candida albicans was examined using the broth dilution method. The antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of the synthesized Ag NPs were assessed using the DPPH and MTT assays. Results: The UV analysis revealed that the peak of synthesized Ag NPs was 442 nm. Data from FTIR, XRD, Zeta potential, SEM, and TEM analysis confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. The SEM and TEM analysis identified the presence of spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 29.12 nm and 24.18 nm, respectively. Maximum dye degradation efficiency of CV was observed at 90.08% after 320 min without any silver leaching, confirming the photocatalytic activity of Ag NPs. The bio-efficiency of the treatment was assessed using the Allium cepa root growth inhibition test, toxicity analysis on Vigna radiata, and Brine shrimp lethality assay. Conclusions: The findings revealed the environmentally friendly nature of green Ag NPs over physical/chemically synthesized Ag NPs. The synthesized Ag NPs can effectively be used in biomedical and photocatalytic applications. Copyright: 2023 The Author(s).
Kurian J.T.; Balasubramanian B.; Meyyazhagan A.; Pappuswamy M.; Alanazi A.M.; Rengasamy K.R.R.; Arumugam V.A.; Sebastian J.K.; Chen J.-T.
Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark, Vol-28, No. 8
https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbl2808169 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85169650484&doi=10.31083%2fj.fbl2808169&partnerID=40&md5=0bc535f384b4f7560b8fbee6bba3f947
Kurian J.T., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Alanazi A.M., Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Rengasamy K.R.R., Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600077, India; Arumugam V.A., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641 046, India; Sebastian J.K., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Chen J.-T., Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
One-step synthesized Pt-dispersed N, P co-doped graphene as an efficient oxygen reduction reaction ORR electrocatalyst
A simple yet effective strategy to simultaneously deposit Platinum and co-doped (Nitrogen & Phosphorous) graphite oxide (rGO) using microwave irradiation has been carried out, labeled as Pt/NP-rGO. The successful deposition of Pt was confirmed using X-ray diffractogram (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern. The Pt particles with average size of 3.5nm were deposited during microwave irradiation. Further, co-doping was confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The synthesized Pt/NP-rGO was analyzed in situ as an oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst in acidic medium. Our results indicate that Pt/NP-rGO follows a four e? ORR process attributed to increased adhesion between the Pt and N, P co-doped graphene oxide due to e? transfer from graphene to N and P atoms, thus indicating its potential in energy-related applications as an effective ORR electrocatalyst. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Materials Research Society 2024.
Nair A.S.; Mane R.S.; Jha N.; Jafri R.I.
Nair A.S., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bangalore, 560029, India; Mane R.S., Department of Physics, ICT Mumbai, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India; Jha N., Department of Physics, ICT Mumbai, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bangalore, 560029, India
Onion peel derived carbon nanoparticles incorporated polysulfone membranes: enhanced dye removal from water
The ongoing discharge of hazardous dyes from industrial processes has intensified global water pollution, posing serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Addressing this challenge, our study explores the potential of bio-based carbon nanomaterials (CNM), synthesized from onion peel biowaste and designated as ON11, as effective agents in dye removal. These CNMs were incorporated into a mixed matrix membrane (MMM), using polysulfone (PSU) as the membrane substrate, to enhance dye adsorption. The CNM synthesis was achieved through a simple, eco-friendly process. We examined their impact on adsorption efficiency by introducing ON11 nanoparticles at varying concentrations into the PSU membrane (ON11@PSU). This CNM-embedded membrane structure offers a solution to challenges associated with the large-scale application of nanomaterials, particularly by minimizing leaching into water and improving durability. The ON11 and ON11@PSU membranes were characterized using various techniques, including SEM, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, optical profilometer, and FTIR, to confirm their behavior, morphology, and structural integrity. The surface area of ON11 was 423.26 m2 g?1, with BJH average pore diameter of 4.5 nm and BET pore volume of 0.26 cm3 g?1. ON11 nanoparticles were adsorptive in nature, and their utility in membrane adsorption is explored. The influence of parameters, including contact time, dye concentration, membrane thickness, pH, and adsorbent dosage, was systematically evaluated to optimize the dye adsorption efficiency of the ON11@PSU membrane pad. It was observed that the thickness of the 60 ?m membrane (Sa = 2.170 ?m and Sq = 2.75 ?m) showed higher removal efficiency for all the selected dyes than the other thicknesses at the native pH itself. The MMM demonstrated its effectiveness as an adsorbent membrane, achieving maximum removal efficiencies of approximately 98% for MG dye, 92% for RhB dye, and 67% for MB dye. The negative zeta potential of adsorptive membranes enabled the electrostatic attraction of positively charged dyes, enhancing adsorption capacity. The findings contribute to developing sustainable and effective membrane utility as adsorbents, opening avenues for the effective use of agricultural waste products in environmental remediation applications. 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Sharma, Aman; Datta, Soumi; Sanjana, R.K.; Pooja, B.M.; Bose, Suryasarathi; Hegde, Gurumurthy
RSC Advances;Volume;15;Issue;10;pp.7786-7798
https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra00025d https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/86000796057?origin=resultslist
Sharma A., Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Datta S., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Sanjana R.K., Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Pooja B.M., Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bose S., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Online alert system for DDoS attack detection and prevention using machine learning classification algorithms
Attacks; Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks; distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS); machine learning algorithms; servers
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack makes a server inaccessible by flooding it with fallacious traffic. It uses many intermediate devices such as computers, servers, smartphones, and even IoT Devices to generate false traffic. These attacks become more threatening if the attackers use any of these devices to have access to WiFi routers, security cameras, smart devices, etc. This paper proposes a model for DDoS attack detection and mitigation that identifies the DDoS attack and alerts the administrative authorities with the help of machine learning classification algorithms. The paper surveys discrete types of Machine Learning algorithms to identify and mitigate the DDoS attack. Three labeled datasets are employed in this paper to train the model for effective DDOS attack detection with better accuracy. These data sets comprises of benign and malignant attacks to train and test the classification algorithms. Based on the experimental results and performance metrics, it is identified that the XGBoost algorithm provided better accuracy of 99.8% on all three labeled datasets. 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Madavi K. P, Bindu; Sowjanya K, Krishna; Sardar, Tanvir Habib; Shafeeq B. M, Ahamed
Cogent Engineering;Volume;12;Issue;1;Article No.;2588895;
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2025.2588895 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105022474600?origin=resultslist
Madavi K. P B., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Sowjanya K K., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CMR Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Sardar T.H., Dept. of CSE, School of Engineering, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, India; Shafeeq B. M A., Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Online cooperative learning: exploring perspectives of pre-service teachers after the pandemic
Active learning; Cooperative learning; Learner centered strategy; Online cooperative learning; Online learning
Mainly, research has explored pre-service teachers perspectives toward cooperative learning within face-to-face teaching. However, in a post-pandemic scenario, previous research has yet to effectively explore pre-service teachers (PSTs) perspectives toward online cooperative learning (OCL) in teacher education programs. So, recognizing the gap in the literature, this paper aims to explore the perspectives of PSTs towards OCL. The researchers employed a qualitative research design for the present study. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 PSTs who underwent OCL during the pandemic. These PSTs may possess digital proficiency, virtual collaboration abilities, flexibility in evolving educational environments, and an enhanced understanding of online cooperative learning methodologies within modern education. Researchers employed a thematic analysis to analyze the qualitative data obtained. The various themes that emerged from the study are perceived benefits of OCL, challenges to OCL, technological proficiency, learning strategies and support, and building a supportive online learning community. Future researchers may contribute to advancing effective online learning practices by gaining a deeper understanding of pre-service teachers perspectives towards OCL through research on a larger scale, including various teacher education programs in various countries. 2024, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education , Vol-13, No. 4, pp. 2399-2409.
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i4.27796 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85196753564&doi=10.11591%2fijere.v13i4.27796&partnerID=40&md5=e0461fceeb6f655a9a6006237d3606cb
Chakyarkandiyil N., School of Education, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Prakasha G.S., School of Education, Christ University, Bangalore, India
ONLINE CUSTOMERS PURCHASE INTENTIONS CLASSIFICATION USING HYBRID XGBOOST MACHINE LEARNING MODEL AND ITS SECURITY CONCERNS
With technology advancing rapidly and data growing at an unprecedented rate, e-commerce businesses are gathering extensive customer informa tion. Yet, many organizations struggle to fully leverage this data. Grasping customer behaviour is vital for businesses aiming to create effective marketing strategies, boost product visibility, and drive sales. Several factors affect consumer purchasing decisions, including search history, time spent viewing products, bounce rates, and demographic details like age, gender, and income. This study investigates the key elements influencing customer behaviour and investigates data mining techniques to enhance revenue predictions. A major challenge in e-commerce is converting website traffic into actual sales. Attracting visitors alone does not ensure revenue. To tackle this issue, classification techniques are used to assess the likelihood of a purchase based on user interactions. Furthermore, while artificial intel ligence and machine learning have revolutionized e-commerce analytics, security issues persist. Adversarial attacks on machine learning models can create risks, making security a critical consideration. This research offers a thorough analysis of classification techniques for evaluating business revenue generation. It also examines ways to improve model accuracy while addressing security weaknesses. The findings aim to enhance e-commerce decision-making, customer targeting, and overall business growth. 2026 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Prathap, Boppuru Rudra; Kumar, Kukatlapalli Pradeep; Joseph, P. Mani
Attacks on Artificial Intelligence: The New Facets of Cyber Ecospace;pp.137-154
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105018271559?origin=resultslist
Prathap M.R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University, Bangalore, India; Kumar K.P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University, Bangalore, India; Joseph P.M., Department of Computer Science, Modern College of Business and Science, Muscat, Oman
Online Education and English Language Learning Among Tribal Students of Kerala
Kerala, a South Indian state has tribal population in all her districts. About 1.5% of the total population of the state constitute tribal population. They depend upon natural environment and resources for their survival. Children from the same community usually depend on government funded schools for their education. Education for this deprived section during COVID 19 Pandemic was a massive exclusion and an uphill task. Digital divide and medium of communication (Standard Malayalam) were some of the critical concerns to knowledge acquisition among tribal children. This paper primarily focuses on the challenges of online education among tribal students with a clear emphasis on the English language acquisition. This study was conducted in four most tribal populated districts of the State, namely, Wayanad, Malappuram, Palakkad, and Idukki. This is a qualitative explorative study that explores the experiences of the tribal students' English language learning challenges from the teachers' perspective in these districts. The Electrochemical Society
ECS Transactions, Vol-107, No. 1, pp. 19453-19457.
https://doi.org/10.1149/10701.19453ecst https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85134040868&doi=10.1149%2f10701.19453ecst&partnerID=40&md5=28673fb73c3fd3875212f955bfa58673
Alexander M.M., Department of English Studies, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; John C., Department of Sociology and Social Work, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Babu K.S., Department of English Studies, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India
Online Fake News Detection using Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing Algorithms
BERT; Fake News Detection; Logistic Regression; Machine Learning; Natural Language Processing; Precision-Recall; Random Forest; ROC AUC; Text Classification
Fake news in the digital platforms plays a vital threat to many of the influencing factors of the society. The research focuses on the challenges of online fake news detection from the performance achieved by the machine learning classifiers using the natural processing techniques. Logistic Regression and Random Forest are taken to test the dataset containing labelled fake and real news for the study. The models are evaluated using the key metrices as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, confusion matrix and from the ROC AUC score. The research demonstrates which model is more reliable and more consistent for finding the fake and real news. For semantic text analysis BERT embeddings are used in the research as it will help analyze the article with more accuracy and precision. The metrics evaluation and the ROC curve of the both models helps in knowing even the slight deviations projected in the metrics. The differences in the valuations and the metrics values showed the capabilities of both the models in detecting the online news as fake or real. The comparisons made from the two models helps in evaluating the models and to understand the limitations of it as the analyze and detection of the text is more complicated. The research aims to deliver a strong foundation for real-time fake news detection in this new era. 2025 IEEE.
Vincent, Stephin Tom; George, Jossy; Kumar, Pawan
2025 World Skills Conference on Universal Data Analytics and Sciences, WorldSUAS 2025;
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
https://doi.org/10.1109/WorldSUAS66815.2025.11199266 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105022238751?origin=resultslist
Vincent S.T., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), India; George J., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), India; Kumar P., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), India
Online fake review identification based on decision rules
Posting of online reviews play a dominant role in sharing the customers opinion in social Medias. But the challenge is how to trust these reviews. Many researchers carried their work on sentimental analysis, predictions or forecasting but very few focused on fake reviews analysis. Fake reviews also change the mood of the people on their buying pattern. In the online shopping at a greater extent. In this paper, several conditions are applied on the reviews to identify fake reviews using support vector machines. Experimental results are validated using various accuracy measures and compared to state of the art methods to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. 2019, World Academy of Research in Science and Engineering. All rights reserved.
International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, Vol-8, No. 2, pp. 140-143.
World Academy of Research in Science and Engineering
https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2019/07822019 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85067944630&doi=10.30534%2fijatcse%2f2019%2f07822019&partnerID=40&md5=61101ff1f6825cfbb1b8ee0da20eb5ba
Sanjay K.S., The Bangalore social & Educational Institutions, India; Danti A., Christ Deemed to be University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Online Health Information Behavior: A study based on PLS-SEM
behavioral intention; health belief model; online health information seeking behavior; perceived behavioral control; post search behavior
In this digital era, internet provides a speedy, economical and convenient platform for seeking information on health. Moreover, the presence of audio visual resources for health and option to get expert opinion directly makes online health information seeking behaviour more adaptable among the health consumers. The major purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between online health information seeking behaviour and the consequences of post-search. For doing the analysis, Smart PLS2 is used to execute structural equation modelling technique to understand the relationship between variables under study. The results of the study recommend that one's intention to search health information online is a significant predictor of post-search behavior in terms of altering health condition, visiting physician or sharing the same information with others. The present study gives a strong indication to the health care practitioners to understand the mechanism of desires and intentions of a healthcare consumer towards online health information seeking behavior. 2021 IEEE.
2021 5th International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Networks, ISCON 2021
Oberai H., GLA University, Institute of Business Management, Mathura, India; Anand I.M., Christ University, School of Business Management, Ghaziabad, India