A generic cyber immune framework for anomaly detection using artificial immune systems
Artificial immune system framework; Cyber immune system; Intrusion detection system; Natural killer cells; Response time
Intrusion detection systems play a significant role in computer security. Artificial immune systems are the prime contender in developing an anomaly-based intrusion detection system due to their simplicity. The fundamental goal of this paper is to create a generic framework for an artificial immune system which is fast and accurate in detecting anomalies using artificial immune system concepts. Natural killer cells in the immune system and their quick response to foreign pathogens inspired the adaptation of those cells into an artificial immune system based framework. A natural killer cell-based framework is proposed to improve the accuracy and speed of anomaly detection. The structure of the proposed framework includes major histocompatibility complex class 1 representation, affinity calculation, cell generation, and cell proliferation. This framework addresses the overlapping and hole problem while creating natural killer cells to increase the system's performance. The negative selection algorithm and the positive selection algorithm generate the cells that enhance the anomaly detection technique and give high precision. The parameter response time introduced in this paper is crucial for an intrusion system to be used in real-time. 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Bejoy B.J.; Raju G.; Swain D.; Acharya B.; Hu Y.-C.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2022.109680 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140476942&doi=10.1016%2fj.asoc.2022.109680&partnerID=40&md5=d63e9960f036f6fcef72bd6586ddbbe3
Bejoy B.J., Department of CSE, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Raju G., Department of CSE, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Swain D., Department of CSE, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India; Acharya B., Department of Computer Engineering-AI, Marwadi University, Gujarat, Rajkot, India; Hu Y.-C., Department of Computer Science and Information Management, Providence University, Taiwan
Elicitor and precursor-induced approaches to enhance the in vitro production of L-DOPA from cell cultures of Mucuna pruriens
Anti-Parkinson's; Cell suspension culture; Elicitation; L-DOPA; Mucuna pruriens; Precursor
Elicitation and precursor feeding are two important strategies in the in vitro techniques to enhance metabolite production to meet the demand of mankind. The secondary metabolites produced by the plants are extensively used in pharmaceutical, food and agro-chemical industries. One such metabolite is 3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) produced from Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. is used since ancient times to treat Parkinson's disease. Though all parts produce L-DOPA, the seed has the highest quantity. To overcome the extensive usage of the natural sources whose growth and metabolite production is highly dependent on edaphic and ecological factors, in vitro techniques like establishing cell culture for continuous production of metabolites, precursor feeding and elicitation of cell cultures to enhance the metabolite production has been reported in the present study. Callus was developed from the in vitro leaf explant and cell suspension culture was established in the liquid Murashige and Skoog's medium fortified with 0.5 mg/L picloram. Amino acid precursors like tyrosine, phenylalanine and chemical elicitors like methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, sodium nitroprusside and silver nitrate were exposed to cell cultures for different periods (3, 6 and 9 days respectively). The precursors showed a better response in enhancing both the biomass and L-DOPA when compared to the elicitors. 500 and 1000 mg/L tyrosine showed a 1.6- and an 8.1-fold increase in biomass and L-DOPA production respectively when supplemented with MS media. However, though all the elicitors enhanced the L-DOPA production by 1.13.3-folds they did not show much significant increase in biomass. Precursor feeding approaches enhanced the metabolite considerably more than the elicitor treatment. Based on the productivity (Biomass L-DOPA conc.) precursors like Tyrosine>Phenylalanine and elicitors like Sodium nitroprusside>Silver nitrate>Methyl jasmonate>Salicylic acid showed better response. 2022 Elsevier B.V.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115735 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139276923&doi=10.1016%2fj.indcrop.2022.115735&partnerID=40&md5=1aa458c0f727b6ce0a0d9a73051511e9
Rakesh. B., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Praveen. N., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
Does Gender and Family Income Impact Stock Trading of B-School Students? Findings from a Stock Simulation Exercise
Behavioural Finance; Gender Diversity; Income; Investment Behaviour; Investment Decisions; Stock Market Simulation
Educators across the globe utilize online stock market simulation games to introduce students to trading in the stock market. The primary objective of the simulation exercise is to expose students to the practical application of financial theories on fundamental analysis, stock selection, building an optimal portfolio, monitoring the risk-return characteristics and continuously improving the portfolio based on changing realities. This article utilizes the trading data from a simulation exercise conducted by a leading B-school in India. The exercise was conducted as part of Security Analysis and Portfolio Management (SAPM) course offered by the B-school. The objective of the article is to understand the role of gender and family income in the trading patterns of students in the simulation exercise. The article covers 163 students who were part of the simulation exercise in 2019. The results indicate that male students trade more aggressively than female students, both in terms of number of trades and the number of companies traded. However, the female students reported higher stock trading performance, measured in stock returns. This is observed to be true at all the quartiles, with the largest magnitude of the difference in the mid-quartiles. The study also indicates that the students from wealthier families perform better than those from poorer backgrounds. However, family income is an insignificant differentiating factor. Further, regression analysis indicates that gender is a significant determinant of stock returns. Based on these findings, the authors argue that gender has a significant role in the stock trading performance of B-schoolers. The article contributes to the field of behavioural finance, especially on the literature of gender and performance in financial markets. 2022 Management Development Institute.
Prakash N., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Alagarsamy S., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Solution Focused vs Problem Focused Questions on Affect and Processing Speed among Individuals with Depression
Affect; Depression; Processing speed; Solution focused brief therapy; Solution focused questions
The present study investigated the effect of solution-focused and problem-focused questions on affect and processing speed in a sample of 60 individuals diagnosed with depression. Participants were equally and randomly assigned to the solution focused question group, problem focused question group, and delayed experimental group. The Beck depression inventory-II was used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms of the participants. The positive and negative affect schedule was used to measure affect. Symbol search and coding were used to measure the processing speed. Solution-focused questions significantly reduced negative affect and improved coding compared to problem-focused questions. Even though there was no significant interaction between the groups in positive affect and symbol search test performance, solution-focused questions caused simple effects in both. Findings imply the scope of solution-focused questions as psychological first aid in intervening depression. Possible long-term effects of solution-focused questions on individuals with depression were discussed. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Koorankot J.; Moosa A.; Froerer A.; Rajan S.K.
Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, Vol-52, No. 4, pp. 347-353.
Koorankot J., Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IMHANS), Kerala, Kozhikode, 673008, India; Moosa A., Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IMHANS), Kerala, Kozhikode, 673008, India; Froerer A., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30309, GA, United States; Rajan S.K., Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
An energy efficient approach of deep learning based soft sensor for air quality management
Artificial ant colony optimization; CNN; Contour extraction and edge detection; Gradient vector flow
Monitoring environmental pollution is emerging as a recent study area especially in urban and highly polluted industrial areas. This field deploys many chemical analysis models and data driven models through soft sensors. But bio indicators are a more feasible, cost effective and precise monitoring model, which are rarely explored. This paper is based on growth monitoring of Cryptogams, a bio indicator which is capable of directly reflecting the pollution levels in the region of growth. A novel enhanced and energy efficient deformable active contour model is introduced to trace the development of transplanted Cryptogams at various sites with diverse pollution levels. The vegetative development of Cryptogams is monitored for duration of two weeks. The proposed energy efficient contour tracing model proves its superiority in precise tracing of the Cryptogam development, thus aiding in accurate pollution monitoring. The VGG 16 architecture built using deep convolutional neural network by constructing stacks of filters. VGG 16 architecture showed high performance when compared with other existing models. The accuracy is compared with the Ant colony optimization using GVF. 2022 The Authors
P K.; Selvaraj P.; Burugari V.K.; K C.P.; S S.P.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2022.100460 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139055810&doi=10.1016%2fj.measen.2022.100460&partnerID=40&md5=41a6ef6c74b30ccc6bb08284f895831e
P K., Department of DSBS, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India; Selvaraj P., School of CSE, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, India; Burugari V.K., Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, K L University, Guntur, India; K C.P., Department of Information Technology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India; S S.P., Department of CSE, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Effect of heavy metals on germination, biochemical, and L-DOPA content in Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.
Bioaccumulation; Defense; Heavy metal stress; Levodopa; Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. is a medicinal plant with a wide range of pharmacological properties that have been used in various medicinal preparations for centuries. M. pruriens is a rich source of levodopa (L-DOPA), mainly used to treat Parkinsons disease. The present study investigates the impact of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) on the growth parameters and biochemical characteristics, including the L-DOPA content of M. pruriens. The seeds of M. pruriens were treated with different concentrations of Cd (0250 ppm), Hg (0250 ppm), and Pb (02000 ppm) for 21 days. On exposure to heavy metals, the germination %, the vegetative growth, and the biochemical characteristics such as the protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll, total phenol, flavonoid, and proline content varied significantly in the heavy metal-treated plants when compared to control. It was also observed that the L-DOPA content increased with increased metal concentration and then decreased further with higher concentration of metals. The metal accumulation increased with the increase in the metal concentration. The seeds treated with 1000 ppm of Pb showed the highest L-DOPA content compared with control and other treatments. 2022 Banadka and Nagella.
Journal of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Vol-10, No. 6, pp. 117-126.
https://doi.org/10.7324/JABB.2022.100613 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138572889&doi=10.7324%2fJABB.2022.100613&partnerID=40&md5=dcca2fdef0f3c3f31cbdc95f0235dace
Banadka A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Coping with Public and Private Face-to-Face and Cyber Victimization among Adolescents in Six Countries: Roles of Severity and Country
bullying; coping; country; culture; cyberbullying; severity; victimization
This study investigated the role of medium (face-to-face, cyber) and publicity (public, private) in adolescents perceptions of severity and coping strategies (i.e., avoidant, ignoring, helplessness, social support seeking, retaliation) for victimization, while accounting for gender and cultural values. There were 3432 adolescents (ages 1115, 49% girls) in this study; they were from China, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, India, Japan, and the United States. Adolescents completed questionnaires on individualism and collectivism, and ratings of coping strategies and severity for public face-to-face victimization, private face-to-face victimization, public cyber victimization, and private cyber victimization. Findings revealed similarities in adolescents coping strategies based on perceptions of severity, publicity, and medium for some coping strategies (i.e., social support seeking, retaliation) but differential associations for other coping strategies (i.e., avoidance, helplessness, ignoring). The results of this study are important for prevention and intervention efforts because they underscore the importance of teaching effective coping strategies to adolescents, and to consider how perceptions of severity, publicity, and medium might influence the implementation of these coping strategies. 2022 by the authors.
Wright M.F.; Wachs S.; Yanagida T.; ev?ovA.; D?dkovL.; Bayraktar F.; Aoyama I.; Kamble S.V.; MachkovH.; Li Z.; Soudi S.; Lei L.; Shu C.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol-19, No. 21
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114405 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85141633896&doi=10.3390%2fijerph192114405&partnerID=40&md5=69f68d6aa08e13236c4816149b22b150
Wright M.F., DePaul University, Chicago, 60614, IL, United States, Dublin City University, Dublin, D09, Ireland; Wachs S., Dublin City University, Dublin, D09, Ireland, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, 14469, Germany; Yanagida T., University of Vienna, Wien, 1010, Austria; ev?ovA., Masaryk University, Brno, 60177, Czech Republic; D?dkovL., Masaryk University, Brno, 60177, Czech Republic; Bayraktar F., Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, 99628, Turkey; Aoyama I., Tsuru University, Yamanashi, Tsuru, 402-8555, Japan; Kamble S.V., Karnatak University, Karnataka, Dharwad, 580003, India; MachkovH., Masaryk University, Brno, 60177, Czech Republic; Li Z., Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100021, China; Soudi S., Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Lei L., Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China; Shu C., Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
A novel security framework for healthcare data through IOT sensors
Health data; IoT; Network routers; Security solution; Sensors
The Internet of Things (IoT) has played a crucial role in the distribution of health records and poses security issues to the patient-specific health information needed for remote hospital attention. The majority of publicly accessible security mechanisms for health information do not concentrate on the flow of information from IoT different sensors installed upon the person's blood through networking devices to primary health care centers. In this paper, we investigated the potential risks of unprotected transmission data, particularly among IoT sensor systems and network gateways. The study encourages the transmission of health insurance data to hospitals remotely. The proposed health care information model would encode immediately so that the sensing element before even being transferred to cryptographic techniques. To use a laboratory configuration with two-stage cryptography at the IoT sensor and two-stage decoding at the physician's surgery receptor, the prototype system was validated. The test results for a complete safety system for IoT - based on the transmission of healthcare data seem good. The study opens up new avenues for information security on IoT devices. 2022 The Authors
Kasat K.; Rani D.L.; Khan B.; J A.; Kirubakaran M.K.; Malathi P.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2022.100535 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140296783&doi=10.1016%2fj.measen.2022.100535&partnerID=40&md5=bdc6ec4bfcc991ddd971a02c97d0ccad
Kasat K., Symbiosis School for Liberal Arts, Symbiosis International Deemed to be University, Maharashtra, Pune, India; Rani D.L., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, Tirupati, 517102, India; Khan B., Department of Economics, Yobe State University, Nigeria; J A., School of Business and Management, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Kirubakaran M.K., Department of Information Technology, St.Joseph's Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600119, India; Malathi P., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Prathyusha Engineering College, Aranvoyalkuppam, Tamilnadu, Thiruvallur, 602025, India
Comparative Study on the Experimental Results on Low-Velocity Impact Characteristics of GLARE Laminates with Simulation Results from LS Dyna
Absorbed energy; ANSYS; Delamination; GLARE; Low-velocity impact; LS-DYNA
Fiber reinforcement with metallic face sheets is one of the recently implemented materials for distinctive applications in automotive and aerospace sectors. While the reinforcement enhances the sustenance property of the laminate, the face sheets provide resistance to impact force. In most automotive sectors, drop weight analysis at varying velocity ranges is performed to evaluate the damage characteristics of the vehicle body. The present work is aimed at studying the influence of low-velocity impact (LVI) on Glass Laminate Aluminum-Reinforced Epoxy (GLARE) laminate. Three distinct thicknesses of Al-2024 T3 aluminum alloy (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4mm) were chosen as the face sheet and E-glass fiber was used as intermediate layers. Epoxy resin LY556 with a HY951 hardener was used to fabricate the GLARE structure and the overall thickness was maintained at 2.0mm for all the cases. Energy absorbed by GLARE laminates for different energy was determined using Drop weight Impact test experimentally and analytically. The laminate and the dart were modeled by ANSYS ACP tool and the simulation was performed using LS Dyna software. It was evident that laminate can sustain impact at a velocity of 3.13m/s and beyond which leads to surface delamination. The simulation results were in close agreement with the experimental values for the absorbed energy, with less than 10% error. 2022, The Institution of Engineers (India).
Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series D, Vol-103, No. 2, pp. 431-442.
Muniswamy H.K., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology (SE&T), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560074, India; Nagarathnam R.M., Department of Mechanical Engineering, PES University, Bangalore, India
A continuous protocol for the epoxidation of olefins, monocyclic terpenes, and Alpha Beta Unsaturated Carbonyl Synthons using eco-friendly Flow Reactor Conditions
Epoxidation; Epoxy carbonyls; Flow chemistry; Olefins; Plate reactor
Herein, we report a simple synthetic protocol for selective epoxidation of olefins, monocyclic terpenes, and chalcones using a continuous semi-batch process in good to excellent yields. Mainly, industrial semi-batch epoxidation is an extremely risky process that includes very high safety measures to avoid the accumulation of peroxide species in the reactor during the process, which leads to accidents. To avoid the same, we have established a constant flow reactor protocol for the epoxidation of fore mentioned key synthons using a cyanamide-potassium carbonate catalytic system which helps to reduce the accumulation of the peroxide species, and also yields moderate to high yields of the desired products. The developed methodology was successfully utilized for the epoxidation of a range of aliphatic to aromatic olefins to generate corresponding epoxides. All the products and their structures were examined using 1HNMR, and 13NMR spectroscopy. More importantly, this proposed protocol is recyclable and reproducible where in using similar research conditions. 2022 The Authors
Ramaswamy C.R.; Kopparapu I.; Raykar A.; Kulkarani A.; A V V.S.; Ayyanar S.; Nagarjuna A.; Cheedarala R.K.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100652 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139298792&doi=10.1016%2fj.rineng.2022.100652&partnerID=40&md5=200ef2f621bb14c3fe1523505b5a664e
Ramaswamy C.R., Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory (SOCL), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Tamilnadu, Madurai, 625 021, India; Kopparapu I., Department of Science and Humanities, Chirst University, Bangalore, 560074, India; Raykar A., FlowRHEX, Proburgeon Pvt Ltd, A2-301, Sri Swami Samarth Landmark, Phase 2, Narhe Pune, 411041, India; Kulkarani A., FlowRHEX, Proburgeon Pvt Ltd, A2-301, Sri Swami Samarth Landmark, Phase 2, Narhe Pune, 411041, India; A V V.S., Department of Science and Humanities, Chirst University, Bangalore, 560074, India; Ayyanar S., Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory (SOCL), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Tamilnadu, Madurai, 625 021, India; Nagarjuna A., Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University(JNTU), Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500 050, India; Cheedarala R.K., Research Institute of Mechatronics, Mechanical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwondaehak-ro, Ulchang-gu, Changwon-city, 51139, South Korea
Effect of substrate temperature on the properties of spray deposited Ga2O3 thin films, for solar blind UV detector applications
Gallium oxide; Semiconductor; Spray pyrolysis; Substrate temperature; Thin films; U V detector
In this work, Ga2O3 thin films were deposited on glass substrates by chemical spray pyrolysis technique at three different substrate temperatures 350 C, 400 C, and 450 C. The structural, optical, morphological and electrical characteristics of the deposited sample thin films were investigated. From the studies, it is understood that by tuning substrate temperature, we can extensively change the properties of the film. Optimum temperature for coating Ga2O3 thin films was understood and the work was extended to demonstrate a simple deep UV detector, working in photoconductive mode. The fabricated device exhibit medium response to UV light at 254 nm. The present work report the fabrication of solar blind UV detector based on Ga2O3 thin film, grown using low cost, easily scalable spray deposition technique. 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Raphael R.; Devasia S.; Shaji S.; Anila E.I.
Raphael R., Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials' Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Union Christian College, Kerala, Aluva, 683102, India; Devasia S., Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials' Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Union Christian College, Kerala, Aluva, 683102, India, Facultad de Ingenier Mecica y Eltrica, Universidad Automa de Nuevo Le, Nuevo Le, SanNicol de los Garza, Mexico; Shaji S., Facultad de Ingenier Mecica y Eltrica, Universidad Automa de Nuevo Le, Nuevo Le, SanNicol de los Garza, Mexico; Anila E.I., Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials' Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Union Christian College, Kerala, Aluva, 683102, India, Department of Physics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India
A Compact Super Wideband Antenna with Controllable Dual Notch Band Capability
Band notch; Bandwidth dimension ratio; Planar monopole; Super wideband antenna
In this paper, a novel super wideband (SWB) antenna with dual band notch capability is designed and analyzed for wide band applications. The proposed antenna consists of a pentagonal shaped radiator, beveled-shaped partial ground plane with slot and U-shaped parasitic strips. The beveled-shaped defected ground structure with rectangular slot helps to realize wideband characteristics from 2.4 to 28.2 GHz. Independent control of the notch band's center frequency and bandwidth is achieved by using U-shaped parasitic strips. This key feature is achieved in the WiMAX (3.3 to 3.7 GHz) and WLAN (5.1 to 5.9 GHz) bands. Furthermore, it exhibits a stable radiation pattern and offers acceptable gain over the entire operating bandwidth with sharp decrease in gain at the notches. The percentage bandwidth of 169% is achieved with a bandwidth dimension ratio (BDR) of 6986. Group delay is less than 1 ns in the entire operating bandwidth except at the notch bands. The measured reflection and radiation characteristics of fabricated SWB antenna are in good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed antenna has the advantage of simple design and compact size with an overall dimension of 18 x 21 x 1.6 mm3. The performance of the proposed antenna is superior compared to reported antenna designs in terms of controllable sharp notches and size for the bandwidth achieved. 2022 IAMOT
Kadam B.V.; Gudino L.J.; Ramesh C.K.; Rodrigues J.X.
International Journal of Microwave and Optical Technology, Vol-17, No. 6, pp. 592-603.
International Academy of Microwave and Optical Technology (IAMOT)
Kadam B.V., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BITS Pillai, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Goa, India; Gudino L.J., Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, BITS Pillai, Pillai, India; Ramesh C.K., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BITS Pillai, K. K. Birla Goa Campus Goa, India; Rodrigues J.X., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Biocontrol of Aedes aegypti using Talaromyces islandicus Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles
Aedes aegypti; Antilarval; Antioxidant; Silver nanoparticles; Talaromyces islandicus
Aedes aegypti is the vector that spreads the dengue virus, causing dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. With more than half the worlds population at the risk of acquiring this infection, controlling the Aedes mosquitoes is the only path to limit the spread of the fatal disease. The emergence of insect resistance in mosquitoes raised the need for developing novel insecticides. Present research is focused on using fungus (Talaromyces islandicus) as the biosystem in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Myco-synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrometry that exhibited a peak at 429 nm. The XRD spectral peaks were in the range of 27.83, 32.27, 38.23and 65.01. The FTIR spectrum showed peaks corresponding to O-H, N-O, S=O, etc. representing the silver nanoparticles. SEM and EDAX represent the formation of silver ions that are spherical in shape with a size range of 23 to 26 nm. The antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles and the extract of Talaromyces islandicus were assessed by DPPH assay, reducing power assay and hydrogen peroxide assay. The nanoparticles studied for its bio efficacy against the larval stages of Aedes aegypti indicated the LC50 value of 352.03, 389.86, 397.72 and 443.50 when tested against first, second, third and fourth instar larvae. respectively. The LC50 value of 540.41 was determined against the pupae of Aedes. The predatory efficiency of P. reticulata indicated the positive feeding behaviour of the fish when exposed to the silver nanoparticles. The cell toxicity assay was conducted against C6/36 insect cell lines and the cell viability inhibition was calculated. A toxic free, environmentally acceptable approach for controlling the mosquito vector by utilizing fungal nanoparticles was assessed and their efficacy in vector control was analyzed in this study. 2022 Chemical Publishing Co.. All rights reserved.
George J.A.; Vinanthi Rajalakshmi K.S.; Rajendran R.; Paari K.A.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol-34, No. 11, pp. 2897-2904.
https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23908 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140929996&doi=10.14233%2fajchem.2022.23908&partnerID=40&md5=edff48d23670b46109d6f0a2763041fd
George J.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Vinanthi Rajalakshmi K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Rajendran R., Department of Energy and Environment Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India; Paari K.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Extraction, characterization, and fabrication of cellulose biopolymer sheets from Pistia stratiotes as a biodegradative coating material: an unique strategy for the conversion of invasive weeds into value-added products
Alkali treatment; Biodegradation; Biopolymer coating; Cellulose; Water lettuce
This study explores the possibility of using Water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) as a cost-effective substrate for the commercial extraction of cellulose biopolymer using a wide variety of physicochemical treatment methods to compare their efficiency in cellulose extraction. The extraction of cellulose from water lettuce, although promising due to their high cellulose content, was less explored as per the available literature. In this study, functional properties like bulk density-packed density, hydrated density, water retention capacity, oil retention capacity, emulsifying activity and setting volume of the extracted cellulose were studied. The cellulose content from water lettuce was found to be 38.94 0.10% by anthrone method. Preliminary confirmation of cellulose biopolymer was done using the study of functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. Further characterization studies like Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X- Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted to understand the molecular architecture and purity of the cellulose extracted. Fabrication of cellulose sheets was carried out using starch as the plasticizer. Biodegradation studies were conducted in garden soil for four weeks and a high degradation rate of 78.22 0.71% was observed in the fourth week of soil burial. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Umesh M.; Santhosh A.S.; Shanmugam S.; Thazeem B.; Alharbi S.A.; Almoallim H.S.; Chi N.T.L.; Pugazhendhi A.
Journal of Polymers and the Environment, Vol-30, No. 12, pp. 5057-5068.
Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Santhosh A.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Shanmugam S., Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, Tartu, 51006, Estonia; Thazeem B., Integrated Rural Technology Centre (IRTC), Kerala, Palakkad, India; Alharbi S.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box - 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Almoallim H.S., Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box-60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia; Chi N.T.L., School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Pugazhendhi A., Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Gaussian MutationSpider Monkey Optimization (GM-SMO) Model for Remote Sensing Scene Classification
AlexNet; Gaussian MutationSpider Monkey Optimization; generative adversarial network; scene classification; VGG19
Scene classification aims to classify various objects and land use classes such as farms, highways, rivers, and airplanes in the remote sensing images. In recent times, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based models have been widely applied in scene classification, due to their efficiency in feature representation. The CNN based models have the limitation of overfitting problems, due to the generation of more features in the convolutional layer and imbalanced data problems. This study proposed Gaussian MutationSpider Monkey Optimization (GM-SMO) model for feature selection to solve overfitting and imbalanced data problems in scene classification. The Gaussian mutation changes the position of the solution after exploration to increase the exploitation in feature selection. The GM-SMO model maintains better tradeoff between exploration and exploitation to select relevant features for superior classification. The GM-SMO model selects unique features to overcome overfitting and imbalanced data problems. In this manuscript, the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is used for generating the augmented images, and the AlexNet and Visual Geometry Group (VGG) 19 models are applied to extract the features from the augmented images. Then, the GM-SMO model selects unique features, which are given to the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network for classification. In the resulting phase, the GM-SMO model achieves 99.46% of accuracy, where the existing transformer-CNN has achieved only 98.76% on the UCM dataset. 2022 by the authors.
Shaik A.L.H.P.; Manoharan M.K.; Pani A.K.; Avala R.R.; Chen C.-M.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14246279 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85144615476&doi=10.3390%2frs14246279&partnerID=40&md5=d3585dfd43d21a344cc74a8bbb3087e6
Shaik A.L.H.P., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, 583104, India; Manoharan M.K., School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600127, India; Pani A.K., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Avala R.R., Department of Mechanical Engineering, CMR Technical Campus, Hyderabad, 501401, India; Chen C.-M., College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
Potassium tert-Butoxide-Mediated Synthesis of 2-Aminoquinolines from Alkylnitriles and 2-Aminobenzaldehyde Derivatives
2-Amino arylcarbaldehydes; 2-Aminoquinolines; Alkyl cyanides; KOtBu; Transition-metal-free
KOtBu mediates the reaction between 2-amino arylcarbaldehydes and benzyl/alkyl cyanides toward the expeditious formation of 2-aminoquinolines under transition-metal-free conditions. The described transformation proceeds through in-situ generated enimine intermediate from benzyl/alkyl cyanides under KOtBu-mediated reaction conditions. The substituted 2-aminoquinolines were realized in excellent yields at room temperature and shorter reaction time. The designed process exhibits operational simplicity and broad functional group tolerance in delivering the products of high significance. 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Kishore P.S.; Gujjarappa R.; Putta V.P.R.K.; Polina S.; Singh V.; Malakar C.C.; Pujar P.P.
https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202204238 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85144184517&doi=10.1002%2fslct.202204238&partnerID=40&md5=2799b31c62ca5fef06fcc47a3e3deea4
Kishore P.S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Gujjarappa R., Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, Manipur, Imphal, 795004, India; Putta V.P.R.K., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Polina S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Singh V., Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India; Malakar C.C., Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, Manipur, Imphal, 795004, India; Pujar P.P., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Evidence and Predictors of Resilience among Young Adults Exposed to Traumatic Events of the Armed Conflict in Kashmir
armed conflict; Kashmir; resilience; social support; trauma; violence
No study to date exists regarding resilience in the context of armed conflict in Kashmir, India. Therefore, this study intended to understand the factors that predict resilience among young adults affected by the violence of the protracted conflict in Kashmir. The data were collected from 656 students, who experienced stress, related to the conflict. Findings showed that more than a quarter of the respondents (35.8%) were exposed, from 7 to 10, less than a quarter (16.6%) of participants reported 26, and almost half of the respondents (47.6%) were exposed to 11 or more stressful events related to the conflict in Kashmir. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the role of conflict exposure, social support, and demographic variables in predicting resilience. The results of the final regression model revealed that exposure to armed conflict, social support, level of education, monthly family income and gender, emerged as significant predictors of resilience. The study recommends the formulation of programs to sensitize people living in the areas affected by the armed conflicts, regarding the importance of social support and resilience, to help them withstand various adverse life experiences. 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Ahmad Dar A.; Deb S.; Thomas S.; Dhamodharan M.; Jahan F.; Sumaiya B.; Gupta S.
Child and Youth Services, Vol-44, No. 1, pp. 27-47.
Ahmad Dar A., Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Delhi NCR, Budhera, Gurugram, India; Deb S., Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India, Sriperumbudur, India; Thomas S., Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Dhamodharan M., Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India; Jahan F., Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Delhi NCR, Budhera, Gurugram, India; Sumaiya B., Faculty of Education, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Delhi NCR, Budhera, Gurugram, India; Gupta S., Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Delhi NCR, Budhera, Gurugram, India
Ganga and Yamuna Rivers: Through the Lens of the National Green Tribunal
Ganga riverYamuna river; NGT Act; Water quality
Despite the country's extensive environmental jurisprudence and many historic rulings in which the courts have rescued worsening environmental situations, river (Ganga and Yamuna) water does not match the mandated minimum "bathing quality." Rivers like the Ganga and Yamuna, which flow through numerous states and towns, would be in a different situation. Without strict monitoring and enforcement of the measures, no action plan can work. Punishment of defaulters can serve as deterrence while also instilling fear in other non-compliant enterprises. In comparison to environmental legislation, the NGT Act allows for substantially harsher fines and penalties. River rejuvenation plans must be carefully monitored to ensure that they do not suffer the same fate. Making action plans will not improve river water quality unless they are implemented with sincerity and consistency, as well as continuous monitoring and severe enforcement. 2022 Technoscience Publications. All rights reserved.
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol-21, No. 4, pp. 1657-1664.
Siddiqui N., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Delhi-NCR, India; Faiyaz T., Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian Institute of Technology, W.B., Kharagpur, India; Tari V.S., University of Mumbai, Sub-Centre, Maharashtra, Ratnagiri, India
FAMILY OF CONGRUENCES FOR (2, ?)?REGULAR BIPARTITION TRIPLES
Bipartition Triples; Congruences; Integer partitions; q?series
Though congruences have their limitations, they have significant importance in the field of number theory and helps in proving many interesting results. Thus, this article has adopted the technique and properties of congruences to identify and prove a set of congruent properties for integer partition. The partition of a positive integer is a way of expressing the number as a sum of positive integers. One such partitions known as regular bipartition triple are discussed in this article. New congruences modulo even integers and modulo prime (p ? 5) powers are derived for (2, ?)?regular bipartition triples. Also infinite families of congruences modulo 2 for some (2, ?)?regular bipartition triples are derived. The theorems stated in this article are proved using the q?series notation and some of the prominent results such as Eulers pentagonal number theorem and Jacobis triple product identities. There are certain lemmas which are derived using these results that help in proving the major results of this article. 2022, RAMANUJAN SOCIETY OF MATHEMATICS AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES. All rights reserved.
South East Asian Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, Vol-18, No. 3, pp. 1-14.
RAMANUJAN SOCIETY OF MATHEMATICS AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
https://doi.org/10.56827/SEAJMMS.2022.1803.1 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85165894676&doi=10.56827%2fSEAJMMS.2022.1803.1&partnerID=40&md5=92c2bf760d05d1daccdbc8f5b4edcf70
Puneeth V., Department of Computational Sciences, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Roy A., Department of Sciences and Humanities, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560029, India
IM-EDRD from Retinal Fundus Images Using Multi-Level Classification Techniques
ANFIS; diabetic retinopathy; exudate; morphological component analysis; Retinal fundus images; SVM
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people suffering from eye illnesses, which should be treated as soon as possible in order to avoid blindness. Retinal Fundus images are employed for this purpose, as well as for analysing eye abnormalities and diagnosing eye illnesses. Exudates can be recognised as bright lesions in fundus pictures, which can be the first indi-cator of diabetic retinopathy. With that in mind, the purpose of this work is to cre-ate an Integrated Model for Exudate and Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis (IM-EDRD) with multi-level classifications. The model uses Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based classification to separate normal and abnormal fundus images at the first level. The input pictures for SVM are pre-processed with Green Channel Extraction and the retrieved features are based on Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). Furthermore, the presence of Exudate and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in fundus images is detected using the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) classifier at the second level of classification. Exudate detection, blood vessel extraction, and Optic Disc (OD) detection are all processed to achieve suitable results. Furthermore, the second level processing comprises Morphological Component Analysis (MCA) based image enhancement and object segmentation processes, as well as feature extraction for training the ANFIS clas-sifier, to reliably diagnose DR. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the proposed model surpasses existing models in terms of accuracy, time efficiency, and precision rate with the lowest possible error rate. 2023, Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.
Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing, Vol-35, No. 1, pp. 567-580.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.32604/iasc.2023.026243 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132209396&doi=10.32604%2fiasc.2023.026243&partnerID=40&md5=1c7e362cdd09dd6d173ec9fe514396c8
Karthikeyan M.P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, R.M.K. Engineering College, Chennai, 601206, India; Mary Anita E.A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India