Review-electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols using chemically modified electrodes: A review
description: Electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols utilizing chemically modified electrodes is considered as a green and facile method. This method is also considered as a feasible solution for a clean and efficient energy production, is more economic and produces less toxic and minimal waste. Electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols is of great interest as many of its products find applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. The major classifications of chemical modification to the electrodes for electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols discussed in this review include conducting polymers, noble metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, or metal-oxides as nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide-based modifications. Despite its wide range of applications and environmentally benign nature, electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols using chemically modified electrodes is underutilized, less appreciated, and still in its infancy stages. This review aims to provide the readers with an overview in the field of electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols by incorporating two significant applications-Electroorganic conversion of alcohols to aldehydes and their applications in alcohol-based fuel cells. Further, this also presents an outlook for gaining deeper insights for making this methodology more economic, and applicable in various synthetic organic chemistry fields. 2020 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited
creator: Rajeev R.; Sharma B.; Mathew A.T.; George L.; Sudhakar Y.N.; Varghese A.
source: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol-167, No. 13
publisher: IOP Publishing Ltd
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 134651; CODEN: JESOA
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Rajeev R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sharma B., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Mathew A.T., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; George L., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sudhakar Y.N., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India

Toward sustainable and eco-friendly production of coffee: abatement of wastewater and evaluation of its potential valorization
subject: Coffee processing; Sustainability; Waste to energy; Wastewater treatment
description: Abstract: Coffee is one of the most significant beverages consumed worldwide, dating to times immemorial. It plays a pivotal role in several economies owing to its second position in the list of trading commodity, after petroleum. The growing demand for coffee has resulted in a great amount of coffee production and processing and subsequent release of large volumes of wastewater. This wastewater is characterized to have very high chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand with potential to cause environmental pollution thus requiring smart strategies to effectively reduce their load of the wastewater before releasing them into the habitable ambiance. The existing research on coffee wastewater treatment should be critically analyzed for their sustainability and economic viability for them to be commercially used in developing countries for effluent mitigation. This literature review aims to suggest an effective way to treat the wastewater by combining various methods, coupling it with value addition like energy generation. The goal of this review is to provide a direction for future research to integrated treatment with valorization along with a focus on emerging technologies. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
creator: Sengupta B.; Priyadarshinee R.; Roy A.; Banerjee A.; Malaviya A.; Singha S.; Mandal T.; Kumar A.
source: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Vol-22, No. 5, pp. 995-1014.
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 1618954X
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Sengupta B., The Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, 12180, NY, United States; Priyadarshinee R., Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India; Roy A., Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India; Banerjee A., Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India; Malaviya A., Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Main Road, Bhavani Nagar, S. G. Palya, Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Singha S., Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India; Mandal T., Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India; Kumar A., Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India

Synthetic Biology Tools for Genome and Transcriptome Engineering of Solventogenic Clostridium
subject: Cas; Clostridium; CRISPR; mobile intron; synthetic biology; synthetic sRNA; UTR
description: Strains of Clostridium genus are used for production of various value-added products including fuels and chemicals. Development of any commercially viable production process requires a combination of both strain and fermentation process development strategies. The strain development in Clostridium sp. could be achieved by random mutagenesis, and targeted gene alteration methods. However, strain improvement in Clostridium sp. by targeted gene alteration method was challenging due to the lack of efficient tools for genome and transcriptome engineering in this organism. Recently, various synthetic biology tools have been developed to facilitate the strain engineering of solventogenic Clostridium. In this review, we consolidated the recent advancements in toolbox development for genome and transcriptome engineering in solventogenic Clostridium. Here we reviewed the genome-engineering tools employing mobile group II intron, pyrE alleles exchange, and CRISPR/Cas9 with their application for strain development of Clostridium sp. Next, transcriptome engineering tools such as untranslated region (UTR) engineering and synthetic sRNA techniques were also discussed in context of Clostridium strain engineering. Application of any of these discussed techniques will facilitate the metabolic engineering of clostridia for development of improved strains with respect to requisite functional attributes. This might lead to the development of an economically viable butanol production process with improved titer, yield and productivity. Copyright 2020 Kwon, Paari, Malaviya and Jang.
creator: Kwon S.W.; Paari K.A.; Malaviya A.; Jang Y.-S.
source: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol-8
publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
relation: ISSN: 22964185
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Kwon S.W., Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science Technology, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Institute of Agriculture Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea; Paari K.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Malaviya A., Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory (AIBL), Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Jang Y.-S., Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science Technology, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Institute of Agriculture Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea

Development challenges for agriculture in Maharashtra
description: Maharashtra is heralded as one of the economically advanced states, but this illusion crashed under the attack of COVID-19 virus and economic deterioration is expected to follow. It is argued here that the state policy dished out a raw deal to the agricultural sector and set the sector under severe stress. The path of this retrogression, reasons behind the trends and the possible policy platform for the last six decades are traced. Stagnation has gripped the agricultural sector, and it is losing cultivable land to other uses. This is accompanied by a sharp increase in small and marginal holdings. Surprisingly, the state has no agricultural policy document in place and the sector largely depends on only sporadic firefighting approaches with a policy paralysis. 2020 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved.
creator: Shaha K.; Yogeshwari S., yogeshwari.s@christuniversity.in
source: Economic and Political Weekly, Vol-55, No. 26-27, pp. 36-43.
publisher: Economic and Political Weekly
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 129976
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Shaha K., Institute for Social and Economic Change, Nagarbhavi Bengaluru, India; Yogeshwari S., yogeshwari.s@christuniversity.in, School of Business Studies and Social Sciences, Christ Deemed to be University, Bengaluru, India

Mid-infrared variability of ?-ray emitting blazars
subject: BL Lacertae objects: general; Galaxies: active; Galaxies: jets; Infrared: galaxies
description: Using data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, we studied the mid-infrared (mid-IR) 3.4 ?m (W1-band) and 4.6 ?m (W2-band) flux variability of ? -ray emitting blazars. Our sample consists of 460 flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and 575 BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects. On intraday time-scales, the median amplitude of variability (? m) for FSRQs is 0.04+0.03?0.02 and 0.05+0.03?0.02 mag in W1 and W2 bands. For BL Lacs, we found median ? m in W1(W2) bands of 0.04+0.01?0.02 (0.04+0.02?0.02) mag. On long time-scales, for FSRQs we found a median ? m of 0.44+0.28?0.27 and 0.45+0.27?0.27 mag in W1 and W2 bands, while for BL Lacs, the median values are 0.21+0.18?0.12 and 0.22+0.18?.011 mag in W1 and W2 bands. From statistical tests, we found FSRQs to show larger ? m than BL Lacs on both intraday and long time-scales. Among blazars, low synchrotron peaked sources showed larger ? m compared to intermediate synchrotron peaked and high synchrotron peaked sources. The larger ? m seen in FSRQs relative to BL Lacs on both intraday and long time-scales could be due to them having the most powerful relativistic jets and/or their mid-IR band coinciding with the peak of the electron energy distribution. BL Lacs have low power jets and the observational window too traces the emission from low-energy electrons, thereby leading to low ? m. In both FSRQs and BL Lacs predominantly a bluer when brighter behaviour was observed. No correlation is found between ? m and black hole mass. 2020 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society
creator: Anjum A.; Stalin C.S.; Rakshit S.; Gudennavar S.B.; Durgapal A.
source: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol-494, No. 1, pp. 764-774.
publisher: Oxford University Press
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Green Open Access
relation: ISSN: 358711; CODEN: MNRAA
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Anjum A., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore Central Campus, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Stalin C.S., Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Block II, Koramangala, Bengaluru, 560034, India; Rakshit S., Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, Quantum, Vesilinnantie 5, Turku, FI-20014, Finland; Gudennavar S.B., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore Central Campus, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Durgapal A., Center of Advanced Study, Department of Physics, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263002, India

https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/21636
title: Relationship between leadership support and operational excellence in health care sector: A study of Indian health care managers; [Relaci entre respaldo al liderazgo y excelencia operativa en el sector sanitario: estudio de los gestores de un centro sanitario en India]
subject: Executives; Factors; Health care; Leadership; Operational excellence
description: Background and objective: Leadership communicates purpose and innovative ways to thrive for performance. Leadership support influences and impacts operational excellence in the health sector as a patient-centered operation, with effective management, excellence framework, challenges and constraints, teamwork and value stream mapping. It is hypothesized that: (1) perceived leadership support will positively correlate with perceived operational excellence (Patient-centered Operations, Effective Resource Management, Excellence framework, Eliminating Challenges or Constraints, Team Work, Value Stream Mapping) and (2) the correlation would be highest with Patient-centered Operations. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between leadership support and operational excellence in the health care sector among a selected group of healthcare managers. Materials and method: A correlation study between leadership support and operational excellence was designed for a group of health care managers (n = 80) from eight hospitals in Kerala, South India. The selection of executives was from NABH accredited hospitals from districts with a minimum of four NABH accredited hospital. A survey was sent to a selected study sample. The respondents were cooperative and provided responses on perceived leadership support for operational excellence. Results: Factors of leadership support correlated to operational excellence. Conclusion: In the health care sector, leadership support for patient-centered operations helps achieve operational excellence. 2020
creator: Nair S.S.; Thomas K.A.
source: Journal of Healthcare Quality Research, Vol-35, No. 2, pp. 117-122.
publisher: Elsevier Espana S.L.U
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 26036479; PubMed ID: 32229102
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Nair S.S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Thomas K.A., CEDBEC CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India

Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health among children in China with specific reference to emotional and behavioral disorders
subject: Behavioral; Children; COVID-19; Emotional; Mental health; Psychological
description: Purpose: This paper aims to investigate impact of coronavirus COVID-19 on childrens mental health specifically emotional and behavioral disorders. It aims at identifying the main disorders faced by children during epidemics and suggests recommendations to nurture resilience among children and involving them in various positive activities. Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on review of literature focused on COVID-19. Recent articles related to coronavirus or COVID-19 and psychological distress among children were included to draw conclusion and impact of COVID-19 on mental health of children. Due to the limited availability of studies on CONID-19 impact on mental health of children, studies focused on recent pandemic were focused. Findings: The identified literature reports a negative impact of COVID-19 on individuals mental health. Relatives health, poor appetite, fear of asking questions about epidemics, agitation, clinginess, physical discomfort, nightmares and poor sleep, inattention and separation issues were among the major psychological conditions analyzed. Personal attributes such as resilience, should be nurtured so that children will be empowered to manage difficult situations such as traumas and disappointments. Several measures were suggested by pediatricians in China to family members and parents such as playing games with children to reduce feeling of loneliness, increased communication to address their concerns and fears, promoting and encouraging physical activities and involving in musical activities to reduce fear, worry and stress among children. Originality/value: Coronavirus is new pandemic and growing rapidly. most of the research studies are focused on physical health of individuals, but mental health concept has bene overlooked. This study helps to broaden the scope of research on children's mental health by examining the impact of COVID-19. 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.
creator: Agarwal V.; L G.; B.K S.
source: International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare, Vol-14, No. 2, pp. 182-188.
publisher: Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 20564902
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Agarwal V., Department of Management, Center for Management Studies, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; L G., Institute of Management, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; B.K S., Department of Management, Center for Management Studies, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India

Artificial immune system based frameworks and its application in cyber immune system: A comprehensive review
subject: AIS Framework; Artificial Immune System; Cyber Immune System; Intrusion Detection System
description: Computer science has always mixed the concepts of biology and computers to enhance the way in which systems are designed. Artificial Immune System (AIS) is a Computational Intelligence strategy dependent on an organically enlivened computational system that can be utilized for taking care of complex computational issues. It tends to be seen that AIS is an incredibly various locale of research, going from the modeling immune systems to complex algorithms for specific applications. This paper exhibits an exhaustive survey of different frameworks developed in the artificial immune system and its application. Reviews of frameworks in AIS are uncommon and henceforth this paper gives an inside out audit of progressing research and challenges in AIS. We start by presenting AIS and give a thorough survey of different systems in AIS and its application in anomaly detection. We investigate the utilization of AIS in the Intrusion Detection System named the Cyber Immune System(CIS) and compares various AIS works applied to CIS. We conclude with various future extensions in the area of AIS research. 2019 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
creator: Bejoy B.J.; Bijeesh T.V.; Janakiraman S.
source: Journal of Critical Reviews, Vol-7, No. 2, pp. 552-560.
publisher: Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 23945125
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Bejoy B.J., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ (Deemed to be University), India; Bijeesh T.V., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ (Deemed to be University), India; Janakiraman S., Department of Banking Technology, Pondicherry University, India

Arithmetic integer additive set-valued graphs: A creative review
subject: Integer additive set-indexers; Set-indexers; Strong integer additive set-indexers; Weak integer additive set-indexers
description: For a non-empty ground set X, finite or infinite, the set-valuation or set-labeling of a given graph G is an injective function f: V (G) ? P(X), where P(X) is the power set of the set X. A set-indexer of a graph G is an injective set-valued function f: V (G) ? P(X) such that the function f?: E(G) ? P(X) ? { defined by f? (uv) = f (u)? f (v) for every uv?E(G) is also injective, where ? is a binary operation on sets. Let N0 be the set of all non-negative integers and P(N0) is its power set. An integer additive set-labeling (IASL) of a graph G is an injective function f: V (G) ? P(N0) such that the induced function f+: E(G) ? P(N0) is defined by f+ (uv) = f (u) + f (v), where f (u) + f (v) is the sumset of the sets f (u) and f (v). An IASL f of a graph G is said to be an integer additive set-indexer (IASI) of G if the induced function f+ is also injective. In this paper, we critically and creatively review the concepts and properties of a particular type integer additive set-valuation, called arithmetic integer additive set-valuation of graphs. 2020 the author(s).
creator: Sudev N.K.; Chithra K.P.; Germina K.A.
source: Journal of Mathematical and Computational Science, Vol-10, No. 4, pp. 1020-1049.
publisher: SCIK Publishing Corporation
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 19275307
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Sudev N.K., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Chithra K.P., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Germina K.A., Department of Mathematics, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India

A study on the impact of brand preference and furniture on consumer preference of coffee houses
subject: Caffeine; Cultural Diversities; Descriptive Statistics; Exotic Animals; Wireless Internet
description: The food and beverage industry in India is developing at a rapid pace. These changes need to be met by the various sectors and runners in the business to be able to satisfy their customers. This statement applies most importantly for the coffee house industry, as today consumers are looking to use these spaces for different purposes. The study revolves around the coffee houses in Bangalore, India. The social aspects of the food and beverage industry, inclined towards coffee houses will be studied with various elements. It aims at studying the impact of elements including music, brand preference, taste preference, furniture, lighting and crown, on consumer preference to visit a coffee house. A total of 371 responses were collected, which included corporate and students residing in Bangalore. 2019 by Advance Scientific Research.
creator: Gangwani A.; Nigli K.S.; Boopathy S.
source: Journal of Critical Reviews, Vol-7, No. 4, pp. 149-154.
publisher: Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 23945125
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Gangwani A., Department of Hotel Management, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India; Nigli K.S., Department of Hotel Management, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India; Boopathy S., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India

Beyond numbers - Recent understanding of emotional needs of persons diagnosed with cancer 2007-2018
subject: Epidemiology; prevalence; psycho-oncology India; two-stage study
description: Epidemiology is a vital tool of public health. The usefulness of epidemiology is not only about numbers of persons' ill in the community but also to understand the associations, the presentation, identification of new syndromes, to map the historical trends, and calculate morbid risk. The emotional impact of the diagnosis of cancer is well-recognized. Indian cancer research relating to the psychosocial aspects has been largely limited to counting the numbers with psychiatric syndromes. The review covers 12 years of the Indian research in psycho-oncology to understand the different aspects of epidemiology. During the review period, there are growing number of epidemiological studies (29); psychiatric morbidity ranges from 41.7% to 46%; and prevalence rate ranges from 4.4% to 97.8% for anxiety and 1.2%-89.9% for depression; majority of the studies have used one-stage screening for assessment, which is not the ideal method of identifying mental disorders. The severity of the disorders is presented only in nine studies. Quality of life is the most common associated dimension of the studies. There is the absence of studies of posttraumatic growth, resilience, and spirituality. This review calls for greater rigor in the planning of studies of emotional impact, especially the use of two-stage method, longitudinal studies, studies of different types of cancer and in different stages, include additional measures such as disease burden, coping, resilience, spirituality, and the family/social factors to understand the emotional aspects of living with cancer. There is a need for describing the emotional aspects of living with cancer (lived-in experiences) beyond the clinical syndromes. 2020 Indian Journal of Palliative Care.
creator: Alexander A.; Sreenath K.; Srinivasa Murthy R.
source: Indian Journal of Palliative Care, Vol-26, No. 1, pp. 120-128.
publisher: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
relation: ISSN: 9731075
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Alexander A., Department of Psychology, CHRIST, Deemed to Be University, India, Division of Molecular Medicine, St John's Research Institute, 100 Feet Road John Nagar, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 034, India; Sreenath K., Department of Psychology, CHRIST, Deemed to Be University, India; Srinivasa Murthy R., Mental Health Consultant, SVMS -Palliative Care, Mysuru, Karnataka, India

Role of spiritual intelligence and occupational stress on organizational commitment: Evidence from outsourcing industry
subject: Commitment; Gig; Outsourcing; Spiritual Intelligence; Stress
description: As the world passes through uncertainty, researchers contemplate the future of work. While trying times highlight the importance of spiritual intelligence and commitment towards the organization, change brings with it large amounts of stress. Even before the pandemic, a large portion of the working population was moving towards the 'gig' style of working. The freedom of choice and the level of control that the option brought with it, made it a rather attractive option. However, for organizations the question remains on how to instil the same level of commitment in an employee who is not directly linked to the organization. In an attempt to understand the same, the current study looks at the drivers of organizational commitment for employees of the outsourcing industry. Similar to gig employees, these employees remain outside the organization they currently work for. Additionally, they are expected to balance the expectations of the parent and the host organization. The findings of the study suggest that the individual's spiritual intelligence levels and the level of perceived stress in the role would be significant in determining their levels of commitment. These findings are of significance for organizations dealing with outsourced employees and especially for those attempting to create alternate employment opportunities within their organization. 2019 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
creator: Mathew J.; Shetty P.; Nair S.
source: Journal of Critical Reviews, Vol-7, No. 6, pp. 776-781.
publisher: Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 23945125
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Mathew J., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Shetty P., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Nair S., School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India

Feature extraction and classification techniques of modi script character recognition
subject: Classification techniques; Feature extraction techniques; Handwritten character recognition; MODI script OCR; Offline character recognition survey
description: Machine simulation of human reading has caught the attention of computer science researchers since the introduction of digital computers. Character recognition is the process of recognizing either printed or handwritten text from document images and converting it into machine-readable form. Character recognition is successfully implemented for various foreign language scripts like English, Chinese and Latin. In the case of Indian language scripts, the character recognition process is comparatively difficult due to the complex nature of scripts. MODI script-an ancient Indian script, is the shorthand form for the Devanagari script in which Marathi was written. Though at present, the script is not used officially, it has historical importance. MODI character recognition is a very complex task due to its variations in the writing style of individuals, shape similarity of characters and the absence of word stopping symbol in documents. The advances in various machine learning techniques have greatly contributed to the success of various character recognition processes. The proposed work provides an overview of various feature extraction and classification techniques used in the recognition of MODI script till date and also provides evaluation and comparison of these techniques. 2019, Universiti Putra Malaysia Press. All rights reserved.
creator: Joseph S.; George J.
source: Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, Vol-27, No. 4, pp. 1649-1669.
publisher: Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
date: 2019-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 1287680
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Joseph S., Department of Computer Science Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India, Carmel College of Arts, Science and Commerce for Women, Goa, 403713, India; George J., Department of Computer Science Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India

A review of challenges and solutions in the preparation and use of magnetorheological fluids
subject: Active vibration control; Additives; Agglomeration; In-use thickening; Magnetorheological damper; Magnetorheological fluids; Sedimentation; Smart materials
description: This review of MRF (magnetorheological fluids or MR fluids) brings out the challenges in methods of preparation, difficulties encountered in storage and use, and possible solutions to overcome the challenges. Magnetorheological fluid in the rheological fluid domain has found use due to its ability to change its shear strength based on the applied magnetic field. Magnetorheological fluids are composed of magnetizable micron-sized iron particles and a non-magnetizable base or carrier fluid along with additives to counter sedimentation and agglomeration. Magnetorheological fluids can respond to external stimuli by undergoing changes in physical properties thus enabling several improved modifications in the existing technology enhancing their application versatility and utility. Thus, magnetorheological fluid, a rheological material whose viscosity undergoes apparent changes on application of magnetic field, is considered as a smart material. Such materials can be used for active and semi-active control of engineering systems. Many studies on the designs of systems incorporating MR fluids, mainly for vibration control and also for other applications including brakes, clutches, dynamometers, aircraft landing gears, and helicopter lag dampers, have emerged over last couple of decades. However, the preparation as well as the maintenance of magnetorheological fluids involves several challenges. Sedimentation is a major challenge, even when stored for moderate periods of time. A comprehensive review is made on the problems confronted in the preparation of magnetorheological fluids as well as sustenance of the properties, for use, over a long period of time. Other problems encountered include agglomeration and in-use thickening (IUT) as well as rusting and crusting. Of interest is the mitigation of these problems so as to prepare fluids with satisfactory properties, and such solutions are reviewed here. The control of magnetorheological fluids and the applications of interest…
creator: Kumar J.S.; Paul P.S.; Raghunathan G.; Alex D.G.
source: International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Vol-14, No. 1
publisher: Springer
date: 2019-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 18230334
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Kumar J.S., Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560074, Karnataka, India; Paul P.S., Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, 641114, Tamil Nadu, India; Raghunathan G., Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560074, Karnataka, India; Alex D.G., Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560074, Karnataka, India

Progress in psycho-oncology with special reference to developing countries
subject: caregivers; palliative care; posttraumatic growth; prevalence; research; spirituality
description: Purpose of reviewPsycho-oncology has completed 25 years. There is growing recognition of the psychosocial needs of persons living with cancer and the role of sociocultural factors in addressing the needs. This review addresses the research in developing countries relating to distress associated with living with cancer and psychosocial care.Recent findingsThere is growing recognition of the emotional needs, understanding of the sociocultural aspects of the emotional responses of persons, caregivers, role of resilience and posttraumatic growth and spirituality in cancer care. Psychosocial aspects of cancer are largely influenced by social, economic, cultural, religious and health systems. A number of innovative approaches to care like use of yoga, financial and material support and involvement of caregivers have been implemented. A positive development is the increasing professional attention to document and develop innovative care programmes.SummaryA significant proportion of the general population are living with cancer. There are significant psychosocial needs largely influenced by social, economic, cultural, religious aspects of the communities. There are a wide range of interventions from self-care to professional care to address the needs. In developing countries, there is need for longitudinal studies of psycho-social experiences, develop interventions that are culturally appropriate, along with enhanced use of information technology along with evaluation of interventions. 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
creator: Murthy R.S.; Alexander A.
source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Vol-32, No. 5, pp. 442-450.
publisher: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
date: 2019-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 9517367; PubMed ID: 31373929; CODEN: COPPE
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Murthy R.S., Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Alexander A., Division of Molecular Medicine, St John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, India, Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India

A meta-analysis on the effects of haphazard motion of tiny/nano-sized particles on the dynamics and other physical properties of some fluids
subject: 05.40.-a; 05.40.Jc; 44.05.+e; Brownian motion; Fluid Mechanics; Meta-analysis in heat and mass transfer; Nusselt Number/Heat transfer rate; Sherwood Number/Mass transfer rate; Temperature distribution
description: Decline in the theoretical and empirical review of Brownian motion is worth noticing, not just because its relevance lies in the field of mathematical physics but due to unavailability of statistical technique. The ongoing debate on transport phenomenon and thermal performance of various fluids in the presence of haphazard motion of tiny particles as explained by Albert Einstein using kinetic theory and Robert Brown is further clinched in this report. This report presents the outcome of detailed inspections of the significance of Brownian motion on the flow of various fluids as reported in forty-three (43) published articles using the method of slope linear regression through the data point. The technique of slope regression through the data points of each physical property of the flow and Brownian motion parameter was established and used to generate four forest plots. The outcome of the study indicates that an increase in Brownian motion corresponds to an enhancement of haphazard motion of tiny particles. In view of this, there would always be a significant difference between the corresponding effects when Brownian motion is small and large in magnitude. Maximum heat transfer rate can be achieved due to Brownian motion in the presence of thermal radiation, thermal convective and mass convective at the wall in three-dimensional flow. In the presence of heat convective and mass convective at the wall, and thermal radiation, a significant increase in Nusselt number due to Brownian motion is guaranteed. A decrease in the concentration of fluid substance due to an increase in Brownian motion is bound to occur. This is not achievable in the case of high entropy generation and homogeneous-heterogeneous quartic autocatalytic kind of chemical reaction. 2019 The Physical Society of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
creator: Animasaun I.L.; Ibraheem R.O.; Mahanthesh B.; Babatunde H.A.
source: Chinese Journal of Physics, Vol-60, pp. 676-687.
publisher: Physical Society of the Republic of China
date: 2019-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 5779073
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Animasaun I.L., Fluid Dynamics Research Group, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria; Ibraheem R.O., Fluid Dynamics Research Group, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria; Mahanthesh B., Department of Mathematics, Christ University, 560029, Bangalore, India; Babatunde H.A., Fluid Dynamics Research Group, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria

Review of recent progress in the development and properties of aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotube by powder metallurgy route
subject: Aluminum metal matrix; Carbon nanotubes; Nanocomposites; Powder metallurgy
description: Aluminum and its alloys are finding increasing applications in every sphere of industry with various reinforcements. New reinforcements like graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are in focus on account of its contribution in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Achieving uniform distribution and selecting the right manufacturing process still remain a challenge. Hence, this review takes into account the contributions by many researchers and attempts to consolidate the findings that may close the gap and identify the scope for future research. In spite of the advantages of aluminum, it requires improvement in strength, wear resistance, heat resistance, conductivity, and thermal expansion. Among the available reinforcements, CNT stands out because of its unique features of thermal conductivity, expansion, and strength. The effect of multiwalled CNT reinforcement in metal on precipitation hardening is also discussed. Copyright 2019 by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
creator: Thomas S.; Umasankar V.
source: Materials Performance and Characterization, Vol-8, No. 3
publisher: ASTM International
date: 2019-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 21653992
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Thomas S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560074, India; Umasankar V., School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, 600127, India

Recent developments in bandwidth improvement of dielectric resonator antennas
subject: antenna performance; antenna review; bandwidth; dielectric resonator antenna
description: This article shows a compressed chronological overview of dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) emphasizing the developments targeting to bandwidth performance characteristics in last three and half decades. The research articles available in open literature give strong information about the innovation and rapid developments of DRAs since 1980s. The sole intention of this review article is to, (a) highlight the novel researchers and to analyze their effective and innovative research carried out on DRA for the furtherance of its performance in terms of only bandwidth and bandwidth with other characteristics, (b) give a practical prediction of future of DRA as per the past and current state-of-art condition, and (c) provide a conceptual support to the antenna modelers for further innovations as well as miniaturization of the existing ones. In addition some of the significant observations made during the review can be noted as follows; (a) hybrid shape DRAs with Sierpinski and Minkowski fractal DRAs seems comfortable in obtaining wideband as well as multiband, (b) combination of multiple resonant modes (preferably lower modes) can lead to wider impedance bandwidth, (c) at proper matching wider patch with slotted dielectric resonator can exhibit better bandwidth. 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
creator: Dash S.K.K.; Khan T.
source: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Vol-29, No. 6
publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
date: 2019-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 10964290; CODEN: IJMEF
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Dash S.K.K., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru, India; Khan T., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam, India

A clinical study of hepatitis B
subject: Drugs; Hepatitis B; Symptoms; Transponders
description: The spread of Hepatitis B, which is a severe and enduring disease that origins from its virus is a vital universal issue. It is assessed that about 70 crore people around the globe are enduring HBV transporters. The medical range of HBV virus series starting with subclinical to severe suggestive hepatitis or, hardly, hazardous hepatitis during the severe point and from the quiet hepatitis B external antigen (HBsAg) transporter state, enduring hepatitis of numerous grades of histologic sternness to cirrhosis and its difficulties during the enduring point. In this research paper, we witness medication, signs, and consequence of Hepatitis B. 2019 by Advance Scientific Research.
creator: Anwar Z.; Banerjee S.; Eapen N.G.; Samanta D.
source: Journal of Critical Reviews, Vol-6, No. 5, pp. 81-84.
publisher: Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd
date: 2019-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 23945125
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Anwar Z., School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, India; Banerjee S., School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, India; Eapen N.G., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Samanta D., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India

Mindfulness-based relapse preventionA meta-analysis
subject: addiction; meditation; mindfulness-based relapse prevention therapy; relapse prevention; substance abuse
description: Addiction is of varied types and over the years the focus has not only been on the growing issues of addiction but also on how to prevent relapse on recovering clients. According to Buddhist teaching craving is the cause of suffering and suffering festers itself due to attachment. Once an individual is enlightened he will be able to find a path that ceases such suffering. Mindfulness helps bring about such enlightenment through being conscious and reflective of every moments experience. Mindfulness does not stop at being aware alone but extends its teaching to accepting such experiences as they are and letting go. Relapse prevention has long been researched on and new therapies developed to facilitate the same. This conceptual paper looks at how Mindfulness-based relapse prevention therapy works to prevent relapses. The paper focuses on understanding each of the eight-week therapy process and how it progresses in changing thoughts and reducing stress. The paper shows how Mindfulness-based relapse prevention helps clients understand their craving and how to change thoughts in order to deal with a craving thus preventing relapse. 2019, 2019 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
creator: Vadivale A.M.; Sathiyaseelan A.
source: Cogent Psychology, Vol-6, No. 1, pp. 1-13.
publisher: Cogent OA
date: 2019-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 23311908
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Vadivale A.M., Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Sathiyaseelan A., Psychology, Christ, Bangalore, India