Treatment of Attachment Trauma: Effects of an Online EMDR Couple Protocol on Trauma Symptoms, Conflict Resolution, and Forgiveness
attachment trauma; couple therapy; evidence-based psychotherapy; online EMDR; online interventions
Background: Incidents characterised by betrayal, abandonment, or emotional neglect within a romantic relationship can profoundly impact relational functioning and lead to post-traumatic stress symptoms in both partners. Although in-person therapies, such as Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), have shown promise, the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering EMDR online to address attachment trauma remain underexplored. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an online EMDR couple protocol in reducing trauma-related symptoms, improving conflict resolution strategies, and increasing willingness to forgive among couples with a history of attachment trauma. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on gender, partner roles (offending and injured), and types of conflict (single incident and complex). A secondary aim was to determine if gains were sustained at a one-month follow-up. Methods: Participants were 34 individuals (17 couples) presenting with attachment trauma, with a subjective unit of disturbance score over 5. Couples received a two-phase online EMDR intervention comprising individual and conjoint sessions. Pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up measures of post-traumatic stress (Impact of Events Scale), conflict behaviours (Romantic Partner Conflict Scale), and offence-specific forgiveness (Marriage OffenceSpecific Forgiveness Scale) were collected. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to analyse changes over time, with follow-up t-tests examining gender and role differences. Results: Participants demonstrated significant reductions in intrusion, avoidance, hyperarousal, and overall trauma impact, with improvements largely maintained at 1-month follow-up. Conflict styles, notably compromise and submission, showed statistically significant positive shifts. Forgiveness scores improved through reductions in resentment avoidance. No significant gender, partner role, or type of conflict differences emerged, indicating uniform benefits across subgroups. Conclusion: Findings suggest that an online EMDR couple protocol can effectively alleviate trauma-related distress, enhance constructive conflict resolution, and facilitate forgiveness in couples with attachment trauma. EMDR is equally beneficial for both offending and injured partners, as well as complex and single-incident conflicts. Trial Registration: Trial registered by the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI). Registration Number: CTRI/2023/07/055625, registered on July 25, 2023. https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/showallp.php?mid=87803&EncHid=&userName=CTRI/2023/07/055625. 2025 British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy.
Davidar, Rebecca Suganthi; Ballal, Divya; Rajan, Santhosh Kareepadath
Counselling and Psychotherapy Research;Volume;25;Issue;3;Article No.;e70042;
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.70042 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105015428286?origin=resultslist
Davidar R.S., School of Psychological Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Ballal D., School of Psychological Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Rajan S.K., School of Psychological Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, India
Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Plant Species: Traditional vs. High-Throughput Sequencing Approaches
amplicon; Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS); metagenomic; Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU); phylogenetic
The plant microbiome significantly impacts plant life, with fungi playing a crucial role in shaping interactions and classifications. Advances in cultivation technologies have refined fungal classification, and research highlights the vital connection between endophytic fungi and their plant hosts. The present study employs morphological and phylogenetic techniques, predicting the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) secondary structure and using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data to detect fungal endophytes in plant leaves via both traditional and conventional approaches. The research area, with its hot semi-arid environment and red and black soils, supports drought-resistant plants like Senna auriculata, Ziziphus mauritiana, and Catunaregam spinosa, known for their medicinal properties. These plants, rich in antioxidants, play a vital role in traditional medicine and highlight the region's rich ethno-botanical heritage. The culture-dependent study on the foliage yielded a total of 17 isolates from S. auriculata and 16 each from both C. spinosa and Z. mauritiana. The most common genera, Alternaria and Nigrospora, account for 18.3% of all isolated endophytic fungi. Three plants were colonized with Nigrospora and Lasiodiplodia, and their morphotypes were determined using ITS2 secondary structure prediction. Recent ecological studies highlight unculturable taxa, or dark taxa, where many species cannot sporulate or be cultured, emphasizing the need for High - Throughput Sequencing (HTS) approaches. The study gathered 68,791 reads from S. auriculata with 101 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 58,620 from C. spinosa with 219 OTUs, and 66,087 from Z. mauritiana with 193 OTUs, with the majority of OTUs related to Colletotrichum (69%) and a minimum of Myrmaecium (2%). A total of 49 fungal isolates were obtained from traditional methods, whereas 513 fungal OTUs were retrieved through HTS methods, confirming the presence of a highly abundant fungus population in plant samples. The study reveals that using the ITS short amplicon sequencing technique provides distinct insights into endophytic fungal communities in three plant samples. In conclusion, analyzing plant fungal components using a combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques may be a novel strategy. 2025 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
Thangavel, Myithili; Sneha, Michael Joe Xavier; Mani, Israel; Surendrababu, Akash; Rajapriya, Pandy; Arulselvan, Palanisamy; Alarfaj, Abdullah A.; Thangavelu, Indumathi; Pandi, Mohan
Chemistry and Biodiversity;Volume;22;Issue;6;Article No.;e202402792;
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202402792 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105006575408?origin=resultslist
Thangavel M., Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India; Sneha M.J.X., Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India; Mani I., Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India; Surendrababu A., Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India; Rajapriya P., Department of Zoology, M.S.S. Wakf Board College, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India; Arulselvan P., Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India; Alarfaj A.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Pandi M., Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India
Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue From Aqueous Solution Using Hybrid Biomass-Derived Nanostructured Carbon-TiO2 Photocatalyst
biomass; biowaste-derived materials; coffee leaves; dye degradation; methylene blue remediation; photocatalysis
Industrial dye usage results in substantial wastewater discharge, posing environmental and health hazards. Hence, developing efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective treatment technologies is crucial. Photocatalysis using TiO? has emerged as a promising approach for dye degradation. This study explores the photocatalytic removal of methylene blue (MB), a model dye pollutant, using a composite of biomass-derived carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and nanosized TiO? under UV light. The CNPs were synthesized via one-step pyrolysis from waste coffee leaves, offering a sustainable carbon source. The resulting CNPs (CL-10) and the TiO?-CNP composite (PC@CL-10) were thoroughly characterized using advanced techniques. Incorporating carbon significantly reduces the band gap of TiO? from ?3.2eV to 2.90eV, enhancing photocatalytic activity. Degradation studies under varying catalyst doses, dye concentrations, and pH levels demonstrate effective MB removal under UV irradiation. Photocatalytic experiments revealed up to 99% degradation of MB under UV light, while tests conducted in the dark showed negligible activity, confirming the light-dependent efficiency. Kinetic analysis indicated that intra-particle diffusion (IPD) governs the dye degradation process. Moreover, recyclability tests over seven cycles showed consistent performance with minimal decline, highlighting the catalyst's stability and reusability. These findings suggest that PC@CL-10 is a highly effective, low-cost photocatalyst with strong potential for large-scale wastewater treatment applications. 2025 The Author(s). Chemistry A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Sharma, Aman; Shivanna, Jyothi Mannekote; Gupta, Navneet Kumar; Menezes, Prashanth W.; Hegde, Gurumurthy
Chemistry - A European Journal;Volume;31;Issue;44;Article No.;e202501564;
All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501564 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011042710?origin=resultslist
Sharma A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Shivanna J.M., Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology (NMIT), Department of Chemistry, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Gupta N.K., Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Gulmohar Marg, Mathikere, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Menezes P.W., Department of Material Chemistry for Catalysis, Helmholtz- Zentrum f Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, Berlin, 12489, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Technical Univerisity of Berlin, Stra des 17 Juni 135. Sekr. C2, Berlin, 10623, Germany; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Harnessing MOF Derived Frustrated Lewis Pair-CeO2 Nano Catalyst for CO2-Activated Soft Oxidation of Furfural to Furoic Acid
CeO2 nanocatalyst; FLPs; furfural; furoic acid; soft oxidation
CO2 as a soft oxidant is scarcely explored in literature for furfural oxidation to furoic acid, and where CeO2, capitalizes on the synergistic effect of FLPs for enhanced CO2 reduction and furfural oxidation. This study presents a comparative analysis by the synthesis method to produce hydrothermal and MOF-derived CeO2 nanocatalyst and their effect on the formation of oxygen vacancies and metastable Ce3+ ions. The normalized surface concentration derived from XPS At% and specific surface area effectively quantifies accessible Ce3+ sites and oxygen vacancies, capturing FLP sites. Oxygen vacancies near surface Ce3+ sites (FLPs) critically modulated the catalytic performance, and evidenced by high turnover number (TON). FTIR adsorption study revealed that CO2 forms bidentate carbonate species and furfural, bi-coordination via ?2- (C, O) mode on the catalyst surface. Further active site masking strategy helped to understand and validate the crucial role of FLPs. The Central Composite Design model was utilized to optimize the reaction conditions and obtained high furfural conversion (99%) and furoic acid selectivity (99%). The catalyst was resistant to active site leaching and exhibited excellent stability, recyclability, and robustness. The findings highlight a potential pathway for the catalytic soft oxidation of furfural to furoic acid by CO2 utilization. 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Sujith, S.; Meghana, H.K.; Harsha, M.; Vaishnavi, B.J.; Mallannavar, Chaitra N.; Sunajadevi, Kalathiparambil Rajendra Pai; Shanbhag, Ganapati V.
Chemistry - A European Journal;Volume;32;Issue;8;Article No.;e02616;
https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202502616 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105026359980?origin=resultslist
Sujith S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, India, Materials Science and Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, India; Meghana H.K., Materials Science and Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, India; Harsha M., Materials Science and Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, India; Vaishnavi B.J., Materials Science and Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, India; Mallannavar C.N., Materials Science and Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, India; Sunajadevi K.R.P., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Shanbhag G.V., Materials Science and Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, India, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
Dynamic Carboxylic Acid Arms Enable Proton Shuttling in Iron-Based Hydrogen Catalysis
carboxylic acid arms; electrocatalysis; hydrogen evolution; iron complex; pendant proton relay
Devising artificial electrocatalyst with smartly installed proton relay motifs, as present in natural hydrogenase enzyme has long been proved to be an effective strategy. Proton responsive groups properly positioned near the active center act as a proton shuttle site and facilitate H2 generation via an easy hydride/proton coupling step. Herein we investigated a series of Fe (III) complexes of substituted picolinic acid which undergoes reversible dechelation and chelation in presence of acids and base respectively, making free carboxylic acid arms available near the metal center in acid conditions (CF3COOH/HBF4). Investigations on the electrocatalytic activity of these complexes showcased the involvement of these free carboxylic acid arms in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Further, detailed mechanistic analysis reveals sequential two-electron reductions followed by protonation, enabled by pendant carboxylic acid arms, allow the formation of a metal hydride intermediate which facilitates efficient H2 generation. The catalyst showed efficient HER activity achieving maximum turnover frequency (TOFmax) of 10,000 s?1 with faradaic efficiency above 90%. These findings underscore the importance of tailored secondary-sphere interactions in designing efficient, earth-abundant electrocatalysts and these insights could be useful for future design principles of catalyst for several small molecule activation reactions. 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Bharath, M.; Sen, Srijit; Yadav, Himanshu; Anjali, Y.; Siddhanta, Soumik; Ghosh, Munmun
https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.71150 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105038835788?origin=resultslist
Bharath M., Department of chemistry, Ashoka University, Haryana, Sonipat, India; Sen S., Department of chemistry, Ashoka University, Haryana, Sonipat, India; Yadav H., Department of Chemistry, Indian institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India; Anjali Y., Department of chemistry, Ashoka University, Haryana, Sonipat, India, Department of Chemistry, CHRIST University Bangalore, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Siddhanta S., Department of Chemistry, Indian institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India; Ghosh M., Department of chemistry, Ashoka University, Haryana, Sonipat, India
High-Performance Ammonia Sensing with Citrus Hystrix-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles in TFT-Based Devices
Citrus Hystrix; Green process; NH3 sensing; Thin-film transistors; ZnO nanoparticles
We present a sustainable green synthesis approach for zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) utilizing Citrus hystrix leaf extract and their application as an active medium in a thin film transistor (TFT)-based ammonia gas sensor. For the first time, ZnO NPs derived from Citrus hystrix serve as a receptor layer in a thin film transistor (TFT) device, enabling selective ammonia detection at a significantly reduced initiation temperature. The synthesized ZnO NPs, with a wurtzite structure and an average crystallite size of approximately 14 nm, are deposited onto the TFT sensor without the need for an external conducting layer. The sensor demonstrates excellent sensitivity and selectivity, achieving a maximum response of ~85 % at 20 ppm, with a rapid response time of about 10 seconds at room temperature. Notably, the TFT device exhibits an electron mobility of ~10.2 cm2/V ? s and a high on/off ratio (>10?) at room temperature. The sensing mechanism is attributed to the oxidation-reduction interactions between surface-adsorbed oxygen and NH? molecules on the ZnO NPs, which modulate the device's electrical conductivity. This work underscores the importance of eco-friendly fabrication of high-performance, durable devices, addressing contemporary environmental and economic concerns. 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Narayana, Ashwath; Mahendra Prashanth, K.; Veerabhadraswamy, B.N.; Mareddi, Bharathkumar; Khatavi, Santosh Y; Prasad, B.L.V.; Yelamaggad, C.V.
ChemNanoMat;Volume;11;Issue;3;Article No.;e202400491;
https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.202400491 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105001090982?origin=resultslist
Narayana A., Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Kengeri, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Mahendra Prashanth K., V, SJB Institute of Technology, Health & Education City, Karnataka, Kengeri, Bengaluru, 560060, India; Veerabhadraswamy B.N., Department of Chemistry, G M Institute of Technology, P B Road, Karnataka, Davanagere, India; Mareddi B., Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Christ University, Kengeri, Bengaluru, India; Khatavi S.Y., Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Arkavathi, Survey No. 7, Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, India; Prasad B.L.V., Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Arkavathi, Survey No. 7, Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, India; Yelamaggad C.V., Department of Chemistry, G M Institute of Technology, P B Road, Karnataka, Davanagere, India, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Christ University, Kengeri, Bengaluru, India, Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Arkavathi, Survey No. 7, Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, India, Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, India
Porous Carbon Nanospheres Derived From Caesalpinia Sappan Pods as Novel Antibacterial Agents
antibacterial activities; biowaste; carbon nanospheres (CNS); pyrolysis
The current work shows how catalyst-free carbon nanospheres (CNS) can be produced utilizing straightforward one-step pyrolysis methods employing biowaste Caesalpinia sappan pods as a carbon precursor. The manufactured CNS with a particle size range of 4050 nm that is obtained show a porous nature and contain more than 87% carbon. The synthesized CNS are used as potential antibacterial agents against E. coli and S. aureus by microscopic analysis. By observing the distorted cell envelopes of both E. coli and S. aureus compared with those of untreated cells, it is well understood that CNS, by binding to the outer envelope of cells, renders some changes in the peptidoglycan layer of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes, which in turn restricts their further growth. This study confirms the first report of use of CNS as an effective antibacterial agent. 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Das, Suvadra; Sengupta, Dipanjan; Molahalli, Vandana; Roy, Partha; Hegde, Gurumurthy
ChemNanoMat;Volume;11;Issue;11;Article No.;e202500204;
https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.202500204 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105017019761?origin=resultslist
Das S., Basic Science and Humanities Department, University of Engineering and Management, University Area, Plot, Street Number 03, Action Area III, B/5, Newtown, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700160, India; Sengupta D., Department of Virology, ICMRNational Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR-NIRBI), West Bengal, Kolkata, 700010, India; Molahalli V., Centre for Nano-materials and Displays, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560019, India, Department of Physics, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560019, India; Roy P., Department of Pharmaceutics, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India; Hegde G., Centre for Advanced Research and Development, Christ University, Bhavani Nagar, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bhavani Nagar, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Effects of Dispersion on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity in Biomass-Based Nano Systems
biomasses; carbon nanosphere; dispersions; thermal conductivities; viscosity and pH; zeta potential
Ensuring the long-term stability of nanofluids (NFs) remains a challenge due to nanoparticle aggregation, precipitation, and poor dispersion. Zeta potential (ZP) plays a crucial role in preventing agglomeration and enhancing stability. This study investigates, for the first time, the combined effect of stability and thermal conductivity (TC) enhancement in nanofluids based on biomass-derived carbon nanospheres (CNSs). CNSs synthesized from eight different biowaste sources exhibited ZP values ranging from ?17.0 to ?45.6 mV, influencing dispersion and fluid behavior. These NFs demonstrated exceptional stability for up to 40 days without surfactants and achieved a TC enhancement of up to 111.8%. The research also explores the influence of ZP on TC, dynamic viscosity (V), and thermal diffusivity. The NFs displayed shear-thinning, non-Newtonian behavior, with viscosity values depending on CNS concentration, reaching 0.0000000302 Pas. The effect of pH (312) on stability and TC revealed maximum performance at pH 8, while optimal TC enhancement was achieved at 0.1 wt% CNS concentration. This study bridges the gap between laboratory research and industrial applications, offering sustainable, low-cost, and high-efficiency coolant solutions for the automotive sector. It supports seven Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through an innovative waste-to-wealth approach. 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Bijapur, Kiran; Siddheshwar, Pradeep G.; Bose, Suryasarathi; Hegde, Gurumurthy
ChemPlusChem;Volume;90;Issue;8;Article No.;e202500100;
https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202500100 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105008232021?origin=resultslist
Bijapur K., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Siddheshwar P.G., Centre for Mathematical Needs, Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bose S., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Dual-Responsive Excited-State Intramolecular Double-Proton Transfer-Based Optical Probe for Hypochlorite and Picric Acid Detection With Applications in 3D-Printed Indicators, Biosensing, and Theranostics
3D printing; anticancer; biosensor; excited-state intramolecular double-proton transfer; fluorescence
A dual-mode fluorescent probe incorporating aggregation-induced emission (AIE) activity, named 2-((E)-1-(((E)-4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazineylidene)ethyl)naphthalen-1-ol (DHN), was formulated and synthesized for the selective detection of explosive picric acid (PA) and hypochlorite (OCl?) via suppression of the excited-state intramolecular double-proton transfer (ESIDPT) mechanism. A significant fluorescence quenching of DHN at 535 nm was observed upon interaction with both PA and OCl? with the detection limits at 0.012 ?M and 2.34 ?M as well as high quenching efficiencies (Ksv) of 3.811 104 M?1 and 1.164 104 M?1, respectively. To elucidate the sensing behavior, various spectroscopic techniques were employed. Interestingly, DHN exhibited AIE behavior in high water content, showing a red-shifted emission accompanied by a visible fluorescence change from whitish green to yellow. As a novel application, DHN was incorporated into a 3D-printed polymer system, demonstrating its practical utility in detecting PA and OCl?. Further, for biological relevance, the interaction of DHN with OCl? was explored for its cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and its imaging capability in physiological media. Therefore, we believe that the present work provides a promising direction for the future development of optical-based detection of hypochlorite and picric acid in liquid as well as solid phases. 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Kumar, Malavika S.; Das, Avijit Kumar; Mathias, Royston; Kumbhakar, Partha; Karan, Gouri; Choudhury, Sujata Maiti
ChemPhotoChem;Volume;10;Issue;4;Article No.;e202600003;
https://doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202600003 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105036174437?origin=resultslist
Kumar M.S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India, Centre for Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Das A.K., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India, Centre for Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Mathias R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Kumbhakar P., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Karan G., Cancer Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Molecular Endocrinology, and Reproductive Physiology Division, Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India; Choudhury S.M., Cancer Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Molecular Endocrinology, and Reproductive Physiology Division, Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India
Investigating Factors for an Inclusive Workforce for Women in the Logistics and Supply Chain Industry
gender diversity; human-centric approach; inclusive workforce for women; logistics and supply chain
This study seeks to identify and analyze the major factors that contribute to an inclusive workforce for women in the area of logistics and supply chain. It further addresses the need for gender diversity and inclusivity in a traditionally male-dominated field by adopting a human-centric approach. This study employs a combination of Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Fuzzy Best Worst Method (FBWM) for methodically identifying and prioritizing factors that influence inclusiveness for women in the logistics and supply chain industry. FDM gathers experts' opinions and achieves a consensus on the identified relevant factors. Subsequently, FBWM is used to analyze the factors, providing a clear priority ranking based on their relative significance. The analysis identified potential factors that are crucial for fostering an inclusive workforce in the logistics and supply chain industry for women. The factors were classified into three main categories: employee growth and culture, inclusive business ecosystems, and accessibility and diversity factors. Based on the global weights, the top three ranked factors are: gender-inclusive supply chain practices, skill development workshops, and supporting women-owned businesses. This study is original in terms of gender inclusiveness in the logistics and supply chain industry. The innovative combination of multiple methods stipulates a robust methodology for identifying and analyzing the factors that impact inclusiveness, offering a novel contribution to the literature and practical applications in this field. 2025 The Author(s). Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Agarwal, Vernika; Srivastava, Shefali; Dwivedi, Ashish; Paul, Sanjoy Kumar; Patil, Anchal
Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management;Volume;33;Issue;1;pp.321-344
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.70157 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105016126320?origin=resultslist
Agarwal V., Apeejay School of Management, New Delhi, India; Srivastava S., Operations and Decision Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Dwivedi A., Jindal Global Business School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India; Paul S.K., UTS Business School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Patil A., IMI Delhi, New Delhi, India
Energy-Efficient Cluster-Based Reliable Routing Using Hybrid Nutcracker and Improved Sand Cat Optimization Algorithm for Extending Network Lifetime in WSNs
CH selection; nutcracker optimization algorithm (NCOA); optimized route determination; sand cat optimization algorithm (SCOA); sink node mobility network lifetime
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are deployed in a target region for sensing environmental physical parameters to attain the objective of reactive decision-making. These sensor nodes necessitate energy for processing and forwarding the sensed data to the base station (BS) for better data delivery in WSNs. Balanced energy utilization in WSNs prevents the problem of hotspot, and dynamic cluster head (CH) selection with reliable route establishment is a vital decision-making approach that helps in optimal path selection with maximized energy conservation. In this paper, a nutcracker and sand cat optimization algorithm (NCSCOA)based multiobjective CH selection and sink node mobility scheme is propounded for enabling rapid and reliable data transmission with reduced energy consumption in heterogeneous WSNs. This NCSCOA handled the problem of hotspot as well as isolated nodes and facilitated loop-free routing with the support of the improved nutcracker optimization algorithm (INCOA) that makes the decision of routing using local and global search optimization processes. It constructed an energy-level matrix (ELM) by deriving the impactful factors of intercluster formation, distance between CH and BS, residual energy (RE), and node density for achieving optimal CH selection and route determination. In specific, improved sand cat optimization algorithm (ISCOA) is used during the intercluster formation phase by discovering the optimized path between source and destination during route establishment. Simulation-based findings of the proposed NCSCOA confirmed its efficacy by improving the mean number of alive nodes by 23.18%, reducing energy consumption and delay by 21.86% and 20.98% compared to benchmarked protocols. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Sahayaraj, JosephMartin; Prabaharan, Gopi; Kartheesan, Loganathan; Jayapandian, Natarajan
International Journal of Communication Systems;Volume;38;Issue;7;Article No.;e70054;
https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.70054 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105000388082?origin=resultslist
Sahayaraj J., Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Telangana, Hyderabad, India; Prabaharan G., School of Computing, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India; Kartheesan L., Department of Computer Science Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Science, Andhra Pradesh, Rajampet, India; Jayapandian N., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Improving Signal Coverage in Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO via Efficient Predefined-Time Adaptive Neural NetworkBased Beam Training
beam training; deep learning; efficient predefined time adaptive neural network; fire hawk optimization algorithm; millimeter wave; signal coverage
This paper proposes an advanced deep learning framework for efficient beam training in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. To overcome the limitations of conventional beam training approaches such as high overhead, slow adaptation to dynamic environments, and poor scalability, an Improving Signal Coverage in Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO via Efficient Predefined Time Adaptive Neural Network based Beam Training (ISC-MMIMO-EPTANN-BT) model is proposed. The proposed model used deep neural network (DNN) to learn complicated nonlinearities in channel power leakage (CPL) and used an efficient predefined time adaptive neural network (EPTANN) to provide real-time responsiveness and temporal synchronism in beam training. The parameters of the model are also optimized using fire hawk optimization algorithm (FHOA) to get better convergence speed and signal coverage. The proposed technique is executed in MATLAB. The proposed approach attains better performance under successful rate by significantly less beam training overhead and also increases signal coverage based on simulation results. The proposed ISC-MMIMO-EPTANN-BT method attains 26.15%, 21.08%, and 33.75% higher successful rates and 16.32%, 28.94%, and 20.24% lower normalized mean square error compared with existing methods such as deep learning for beam training in millimeter wave massive MIMO schemes (BT-MMIMO-DNN), deep learning for combined feedback and channel prediction in large-scale MIMO systems (CNN-JCS-MMIMO), and triple-refined hybrid-field beam training in mmWave extremely large-scale MIMO (TR-FBT-MIMO), respectively. The ISC-MMIMO-EPTANN-BT technique reduced beam training overhead, enhanced signal coverage, and identified a promising candidate for successful beam training in mmWave massive MIMO schemes. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Ramesh, Balasubramani; Sekhar, JampaniChandra; Marimuthu, Thangam; Vindhya, AbdulSatarShri
International Journal of Communication Systems;Volume;38;Issue;13;Article No.;e70186;
https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.70186 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011768039?origin=resultslist
Ramesh B., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Annapoorana Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, Salem, India; Sekhar J., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NRI Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, Guntur, India; Marimuthu T., Department of Computer Science Engineering, School of Computing, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Engineering (KARE), Deemed to be University, Tamil Nadu, Virudhunagar District, India; Vindhya A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India
Adaptive Hybrid Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Optimization: A Comprehensive Framework Integrating Opposition-Based Learning and Levy Flight Strategies
coverage optimization; evolutionary computation; levy flight; multi-objective optimization; network lifetime maximization; opposition-based learning; pareto optimality; wireless sensor networks
Wireless sensor networks constitute a foundational technology for ubiquitous monitoring and data acquisition across diverse application domains ranging from environmental surveillance to critical infrastructure management. The operational efficacy and longevity of these networks critically depend on strategic configuration of multiple design parameters including field coverage, sensors per cluster in-charge, sensor out-of-range error, overlaps per cluster in-charge, and network energy consumption. These objectives exhibit inherent trade-offs, rendering the optimization problem a complex multi-objective challenge characterized by conflicting criteria and high-dimensional search spaces. This research presents a novel adaptive hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithm that synergistically integrates opposition-based learning for enhanced population diversity and initialization, Levy Flight mutation for effective escape from local optima, and adaptive operator selection for dynamic adjustment of genetic operator probabilities. We conducted exhaustive empirical evaluation comprising independent runs with individuals evolved over multiple generations, benchmarking the proposed algorithm against three state-of-the-art approaches. Performance metrics were computed using global normalization with respect to theoretical problem bounds to ensure measurement validity and cross-algorithm comparability. Statistical analysis including non-parametric rank tests, pairwise comparisons, and effect size quantification confirm the proposed algorithm achieves statistically significant improvements with very large practical significance. The algorithm demonstrates superior convergence characteristics, solution diversity, and Pareto front quality, establishing a robust framework for automated wireless sensor network configuration in resource-constrained environments. 2026 The Author(s). Engineering Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Deshmukh, Sandeep; Uprety, Deepak Chandra; Haroon, Mohd; Banerjee, Dyuti; Shoran, Preety; Varshney, Yash; Sinha, Anurag; Sinha, Samarth; Mishra, Shantanu Kumar
Engineering Reports;Volume;8;Issue;5;Article No.;e70719;
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70719 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105036835271?origin=resultslist
Deshmukh S., MSE Inc., Lake Oswego, OR, United States; Uprety D.C., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India; Haroon M., Department of CSE, Integral University, Lucknow, India; Banerjee D., Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Department, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Andhra Pradesh, Guntur, India; Shoran P., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, India; Varshney Y., Lodha Genius Programme, Ashoka University, Haryana, India; Sinha A., Department of Computer Applications, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Sciences (SSSUTMS), Madhya Pradesh, Sehore, India, Department of Information Technology, Research Scholar, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur, India; Sinha S., Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Techno International Newtown (MAKAUT University), Kolkata, India, STEM Department, University of Maldives, Maldives; Mishra S.K., Department of Computer Science, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, India
Air Jet Erosion Behavior of FDM-Printed PLA Composites Reinforced With Steel Powder Fillers
additive manufacturing; durable engineering materials; erosion-resistant materials; high-performance PLA composites; sustainable polymer composites
This paper reports the air jet erosion behavior of FDM-printed polylactic acid (PLA) composites reinforced with 5 wt% and 10 wt% steel powder for solving the problem of the development of durable, sustainable, and high-performance materials for engineering applications. Test specimens were fabricated by fused deposition method with uniform dispersion of steel particles based on a twin-screw extrusion and were tested using ASTM G76 air jet erosion with angular Al2O3 particles as erodent at impact angles of 30, 60, and 90. For the material loss, pure PLA showed the maximum material loss, while steel filled composite showed significantly reduced erosion (2.38% and 14.29%, 8.16% and 18.37%, and 16.07% and 26% at 30, 60 and 90, respectively) and showed the durability of the materials and their material effective utilization. The presence of embedded steel particles was verified by SEM and confocal microscopy showing that the embedded steel particles really acted as crack stoppers, diverted the crack propagation, minimized plowing and crater formation, and improved the toughness, thus extended the potential service life and supported resource-efficient engineering solutions. Among all the compositions, the 10 wt% composite showed a better erosion resistance and the smoothest post-erosion surface owing to a higher particle density with efficiency of stress transfer. Overall, steel reinforcement significantly enhanced the erosion resistance, especially in normal impact conditions and confirmed steel-filled PLA as a suitable material for components in harsh erosive environments. 2026 The Author(s). Engineering Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Pradeep Kumar, Gunderi Siddeshwara; Keshavamurthy, Ramiah; Selvan, Chithirai Pon; Advaith, A.; Shashi Kumar, M.E.; Lakshmikanthan, Avinash
Engineering Reports;Volume;8;Issue;5;Article No.;e70780;
https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70780 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105039141746?origin=resultslist
Pradeep Kumar G.S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, India; Keshavamurthy R., Department of Mechanical Engineering, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, India; Selvan C.P., School of Science and Engineering, Curtin University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Advaith A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, India; Shashi Kumar M.E., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, India; Lakshmikanthan A., Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology (NMIT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bengaluru, India, Research Fellow of INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Nilai, Malaysia
NiSe2@CdO Nanocomposite: A Next-Generation Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors with Gel Electrolyte
asymmetric capacitor; electrochemical performance; energy density; NiSe2@CdO nanocomposite; supercapacitors
This article investigates the electrochemical performance of NiSe2@CdO nanocomposites synthesized by combining melt-diffusion-synthesized NiSe2 and hydrothermally prepared CdO, followed by ball milling to obtain the final NiSe2@CdO composite. Structural, morphological, and electrochemical analyses revealed flake-like NiSe2 nanoparticles decorated with rod-shaped CdO nanostructures, exhibiting exceptional electrochemical performance. The nanocomposite electrode achieved a specific capacitance of 255 F/g at 10 mV/s from the three-electrode setup, and also, was achieved at an energy density of 48 Wh/kg at the power density 2000 W/kg by the NiSe2@CdO||AC asymmetric device. fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the structural integrity, while transmission electron microscopy images revealed nanostructures with clear lattice fringes, and energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy verified elemental uniformity. The device demonstrated 96.7% capacitance retention even after 5000 cycles and displayed superior energy and power density characteristics in the Ragone plot. These results in turn, highlight the potential of NiSe2@CdO nanocomposites for next-generation energy storage systems. 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Alagarsamy, Nivedhitha Bharathi; Vijayan, Kousalya Devi; Shkir, Mohd; Rajendran, Saravanan; Sangaraju, Sambasivam; Muthusamy, Krishna Kumar; Sakkarapani, Sudhahar
Energy Technology;Volume;14;Issue;1;Article No.;e202501583;
https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202501583 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105020725387?origin=resultslist
Alagarsamy N.B., Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India; Vijayan K.D., Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India; Shkir M., Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Rajendran S., Instituto de Alta Investigacion, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile; Sangaraju S., National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Muthusamy K.K., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, India; Sakkarapani S., Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
Effect of functionalization on the energy storage performance of super capacitors derived from wood charcoal
energy storage; functional groups; structural defects; supercapacitors
The electrochemical performance of wood charcoal is investigated with respect to the disorders in the system after subjecting to oxidation and exfoliation conditions. The Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge curves indicate an improvement in the electrochemical behavior, resulting in a marginal increase in the specific capacitance values at higher exfoliation temperatures. The improvement is predominantly due to the change in the structural disorder in the system accompanied by the incorporation of oxygen functional groups which act as electrochemical active species. The exfoliation of wood charcoal at 160 and 200C yield a specific capacitance of 6.23 and 12.24 F/g at a current density of 0.01 A/g. The ESR values representing the overall resistance of the system are observed to be 6.07 ? for 200C as opposed to 10.41 ? of the bare material, making the material more conducting. The drastic change in the structural morphology along with the optimal amount of oxygen functional groups can be the reason for this behavior. The acquired results offer useful information for investigating the possibilities of fabricating supercapacitors with wood charcoal by tuning the defects of the system. 2024 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
Mathew, Elma Elizaba; Balachandran, Manoj
Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy;Volume;44;Issue;2;Article No.;e14548;
https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.14548 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105001069789?origin=resultslist
Mathew E.E., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Balachandran M., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Classification of Multiclass DDOS Attack Detection Using Bayesian Weighted Random Forest Optimized With Gazelle Optimization Algorithm
adaptive bitonic filtering; bayesian weighted random forest; gazelle optimization algorithm; improved feed forward-long short-term memory method; raw data
The increase in Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks poses a considerable threat to the security and stability of the current network, especially in Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud environments. Traditional detection methods often struggle with the inability to achieve a balance between detection accuracy and computational efficiency. In this manuscript, the Classification of Multiclass DDOS Attack Detection using Bayesian Weighted Random Forest Optimized with Gazelle Optimization Algorithm (DDOS-AD-BWRF-GOA) is proposed. First, the raw data is gathered from the CICDDoS2019 dataset. Then, input data are preprocessed utilizing Adaptive Bitonic Filtering for normalizing the values. The preprocessed data are fed to the Improved Feed Forward Long Short-Term Memory technique for selecting features that increase the model's execution time. The selected features are supplied to the Bayesian Weighted Random Forest (BWRF), which classifies the multiclass DDOS attack. In general, Bayesian Weighted Random Forest does not adopt any optimization methods to define optimal parameters to guarantee exact DDOS identification. Hence, GOA is proposed to optimize the Bayesian Weighted Random Forest classifier. The proposed method is implemented in MATLAB. The performance metrics, such as Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score, Specificity, Error rate, and Computational time are evaluated. The proposed method attains 15.34%, 24.1%, and 18.9% higher accuracy and 12.4%, 18.24%, and 22.6% higher precision when analyzed with existing techniques: Hybrid deep learning method for DDOS detection and classification (HDL-DDOS-DC), Edge-HetIoT Defense against DDoS attack utilizing learning techniques (EHD-DDOS-LT), and Digital twin-enabled intelligent DDOS detection for autonomous core networks (DTI-DDOS-ACN), respectively. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies;Volume;36;Issue;4;Article No.;e70092;
https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.70092 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105004644095?origin=resultslist
Barona R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, St. Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India; Babu Raj E., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Pratixa: A Cognitive Framework for Behavioral Decision-Making and Its Mathematical Formalization
behavioral adaptation; behavioral decision-making; cognitive framework; Pratixa; predictive cognition
The present study introduces pratixa, an internal cognitive structure that functions as a reference architecture guiding human decision-making. Pratixa is a dynamic, event-sensitive archive of anticipated outcomes of behavior, learned event-behavior-outcome associations, and adaptive behavioral responses, drawing on the theories from decision science, psychology, and behavioral adaptation. Past experiences shape pratixa, and iterative learning reinforces it. It supports predictive mental representations by enabling individuals to anticipate the outcomes of their own behavioral responses and adjust those responses when discrepancies arise between anticipated and actual outcomes. Pratixa supports anticipatory learning and real-time correction, making it a future-oriented cognitive structure for decision making. It matures in a spiral progression, from null pratixa, where no prior event-behavior-outcome associations exist, through quixotic pratixa, characterized by illusory or arbitrary associations, to realistic pratixa, where causal relationships are adequately approximated. This spiral maturation reflects how individuals adapt through experiential learning and reinforcement, transitioning from effortful reasoning to increasingly automatic and context-sensitive decision-making. By positioning decision-making within this evolving structure, pratixa offers a distinct perspective on predictive cognition in complex and ambiguous contexts, with implications for strategic foresight, behavioral economics, and adaptive behavioral decision making. The study also proposes a mathematical formulation to represent how this reference architecture evolves through reinforcement-based learning and guides decision-making, providing a computational basis for modeling human foresight and adaptation. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Futures and Foresight Science;Volume;7;Issue;3;Article No.;e70017;
https://doi.org/10.1002/ffo2.70017 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014633162?origin=resultslist
Rajan S.K., School of Psychological Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, India
Improving Flood Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks With Optimal Feature Selection on a Benchmark Dataset
artificial neural network; big data; feature selection; flood forecasting system; machine learning; optimal predictors
Disasters significantly impact people's lives; among them, flooding is the worst common, and it causes sudden and secure damage to both lives and property. Addressing such real-time crisis demands intricate and sophisticated flood prediction models with enhanced capabilities. The development of efficient flood prediction models is often hindered by the lack of available datasets and the need for optimal feature. To address the challenge of data availability, in the proposed research, we have manually prepared a novel dataset by collecting data from NASA's (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Power Project. The proposed dataset is experimentally evaluated and verified and has been organized into a balanced benchmark dataset with 33 features using the SMOTE algorithm. To enhance the provenance of flood prediction model, we propose a novel feature selection method. This method integrates outcomes from three different feature selection techniques to identify the most prominent features. The proposed feature selection method improves the model's performance and efficiency by identifying optimal predictors. Experimental results demonstrate that the artificial neural network trained with the selected relevant features accurately predicts flood occurrences, showing enhanced accuracy compared to state-of-the-art methods. 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Jyothish, V.R.; Abraham, Sajimon; Presannakumar, Krishna; Abraham, Leo
Journal of Forecasting;Volume;45;Issue;4;pp.1454-1472
https://doi.org/10.1002/for.70096 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105027326393?origin=resultslist
Jyothish V.R., School of Computer Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, Kottayam, India; Abraham S., Faculty in School of Management and Business Studies, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, Kottayam, India; Presannakumar K., CHRIST (deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Abraham L., College of Engineering Trivandrum, Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
Investigating Salt-Finger Convection Under Time-Dependent Gravity Modulation in Micropolar Liquids
gravity modulation; micropolar fluid parameters; salt-finger convection; solutal Rayleigh number; stability analysis; Venezian method
This paper investigates how gravity modulation affects salt-finger convection in a micropolar liquid layer confined between two parallel, infinitely long plates separated by a thin gap. The system is heated and has solute added from above. The study uses linear stability analysis to examine when and how salt-finger convection, driven by the salt-finger process, begins. To analyze this, the partial differential equations governing the system are solved numerically using normal mode analysis. The Venezian approach is applied to find the critical Rayleigh number and the solutal Rayleigh number, which are key to understanding the onset of convection. Also, the paper explores how different micropolar fluid parameterssuch as the coupling parameter, micropolar heat conduction parameter, couple stress parameter, and inertia parameteraffect the system when gravity modulation is present. It is found that gravity modulation can either stabilize or destabilize convection, depending on its frequency. At very high frequencies (approaching infinity), the effect of gravity modulation becomes minimal, having little impact on the convection process. The paper also examines the relationship between the critical Rayleigh number and the solutal Rayleigh number, which are related to heat and solute concentration, respectively. 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Jayan, Devika; Tom, Clair; Arun Kumar, N.
Heat Transfer;Volume;54;Issue;3;pp.1782-1795
https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.23252 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002267883?origin=resultslist
Jayan D., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Tom C., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Arun Kumar N., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India