Chitosan stabilized platinum nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic impacts on human breast cancer cells
Anticancer property; AO/PI dual staining; Chitosan; MTT assay; Platinum nanoparticle
Platinum nanoparticles are widely studied as a nanomedicine against many of the solid tumours. Due to their promising physicochemical properties, chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles may exhibit exceptional cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. This article describes the synthesis and characterization of chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles (Ch-Pt NPs) through a wet chemical method and in vitro studies of their anticancer effect on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cell line). Different analytical methods confirmed the formation of chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles. The structural and surface morphological analyses were done using XRD, FTIR, TEM, FESEM, etc. Elemental analysis was done using XPS and EDX. The hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential were determined using DLS and zeta analyzer. These platinum nanoparticles have a spherical shape and FCC structure with an average particle size of 3.4 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 248 nm. The characteristic FTIR peaks of chitosan in the sample confirmed the capping of chitosan on the surface of the Pt NPs. The surface charge estimation using a zeta potential analyzer showed ?23.8 mV, elucidating the stability and dispersity of the as-synthesized Pt NPs. The in vitro cytotoxicity study using MTT assay revealed a non-toxic behaviour on normal L929 cell lines and a severe anti-proliferative activity on a human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line with an IC50 value of 35.60 ?g/ml after 24 h of incubation. This result indicates a better anticancer therapeutic application against human breast cancer cells for the as-synthesized chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles. 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol-326
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.129864 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85201433138&doi=10.1016%2fj.matchemphys.2024.129864&partnerID=40&md5=315aa4a90aebb0be02c54829e934705c
W F.A., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Jose J., Division of Microbiology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kerala, Cochin, 683104, India; Anila E.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Phytofabricated bimetallic synthesis of silver-copper nanoparticles using Aerva lanata extract to evaluate their potential cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities
In this study, we demonstrate the green synthesis of bimetallic silver-copper nanoparticles (AgCu NPs) using Aerva lanata plant extract. These NPs possess diverse biological properties, including in vitro antioxidant, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities. The synthesis involves the reduction of silver nitrate and copper oxide salts mediated by the plant extract, resulting in the formation of crystalline AgCu NPs with a face-centered cubic structure. Characterization techniques confirm the presence of functional groups from the plant extract, acting as stabilizing and reducing agents. The synthesized NPs exhibit uniform-sized spherical morphology ranging from 7 to 12nm. They demonstrate significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inhibiting extracellular polysaccharide secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The AgCu NPs also exhibit potent cytotoxic activity against cancerous HeLa cell lines, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 17.63gmL?1. Additionally, they demonstrate strong antioxidant potential, including reducing capability and H2O2 radical scavenging activity, particularly at high concentrations (240gmL?1). Overall, these results emphasize the potential of A. lanata plant metabolite-driven NPs as effective agents against infectious diseases and cancer. 2024, The Author(s).
Thirumoorthy G.; Balasubramanian B.; George J.A.; Nizam A.; Nagella P.; Srinatha N.; Pappuswamy M.; Alanazi A.M.; Meyyazhagan A.; Rengasamy K.R.R.; Veerappa Lakshmaiah V.
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
Thirumoorthy G., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; George J.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Nizam A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Srinatha N., Department of Physics, RV Institute of Technology and Management, Bengaluru, 560 076, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Alanazi A.M., Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Rengasamy K.R.R., Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India, Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa; Veerappa Lakshmaiah V., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
A homotopy-based computational scheme for two-dimensional fractional cable equation
Caputo derivative; Fractional cable equation; Laplace transform; q -homotopy analysis transform method
In this paper, we examine the time-dependent two-dimensional cable equation of fractional order in terms of the Caputo fractional derivative. This cable equation plays a vital role in diverse areas of electrophysiology and modeling neuronal dynamics. This paper conveys a precise semi-analytical method called the q-homotopy analysis transform method to solve the fractional cable equation. The proposed method is based on the conjunction of the q-homotopy analysis method and Laplace transform. We explained the uniqueness of the solution produced by the suggested method with the help of Banach's fixed-point theory. The results obtained through the considered method are in the form of a series solution, and they converge rapidly. The obtained outcomes were in good agreement with the exact solution and are discussed through the 3D plots and graphs that express the physical representation of the considered equation. It shows that the proposed technique used here is reliable, well-organized and effective in analyzing the considered non-homogeneous fractional differential equations arising in various branches of science and engineering. 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Kumar C.V.D.; Prakasha D.G.; Veeresha P.; Kapoor M.
Modern Physics Letters B, Vol-38, No. 32
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217984924502920 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85188804286&doi=10.1142%2fS0217984924502920&partnerID=40&md5=bac356d04dc13d3a7afb9cfabda10d59
Kumar C.V.D., Department of Mathematics, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere, 577007, India; Prakasha D.G., Department of Mathematics, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere, 577007, India; Veeresha P., Center for Mathematical Needs, Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Kapoor M., Department of Mathematics, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, Phagwara, 144411, India
Pure and suggestive impulse buying in mobile shopping app: shopping pattern of young consumers
Impulse buying intention; Mobile application; Pure impulse buying behaviour; Suggestive impulse buying behaviour; User satisfaction
Purpose: This study differentiates pure impulse buying behaviour from suggestive impulse buying behaviour in using mobile shopping applications (apps). This study aims to assess the moderating effects of instant discount and cashback promotional offers along with the mediating effects of impulse buying intention (IBI) and user satisfaction (US), using the app stimuli (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, layout, atmosphere, privacy and security). Design/methodology/approach: The study was done in three stages: analysis of variance, followed by structural equation modelling (SEM) and paired t-tests. Findings: The results showed that instant discounts and cashback offers are different from each other for the mediating variable IBI. The SEM results for pure impulse buying showed that, except for layout, the remaining variables have a positive relationship with IBI. For suggestive impulse buying, effort expectancy and layout were significantly related to both the mediating variables. Finally, pure and suggestive impulse buying behaviour showed significant differences. Originality/value: Previous studies have looked into impulse buying in its generic sense and not through the types of impulse buying they were measuring. As impulse buying behaviour is a predominant theme for discussion today, marketing professionals and researchers must comprehend the impact of app stimuli in the context of select types of impulse buying behaviour. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Young Consumers, Vol-25, No. 6, pp. 824-850.
https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-11-2023-1911 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85197682907&doi=10.1108%2fYC-11-2023-1911&partnerID=40&md5=e8cd88d0af67562f4aa85544346efb24
Gupta P., Department of School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Prashar S., Department of Marketing, IIM Raipur, Raipur, India; Parsad C., Department of Marketing, IIM Bodh Gaya, Bodh Gaya, India
Detection of high-frequency pulsation in WR135: Investigation of stellar wind dynamics
We report the detection of high-frequency pulsations in WR 135 from short-cadence (10 minute) optical photometric and spectroscopic time series surveys. The harmonics up to the sixth order are detected from the integrated photometric flux variations, while the comparatively weaker eighth harmonic is detected from the strengths of the emission lines. We investigate the driving source of the stratified winds of WR 135 using the radiative transfer modeling code, CMFGEN, and find the physical conditions that can explain the propagation of such pulsations. From our study, we find that the optically thick subsonic layers of the atmosphere are close to the Eddington limit and are launched by the Fe opacity. The outer optically thin supersonic winds (Tross = 0.1 0.01) are launched by the He II and C IV opacities. The stratified winds above the sonic point undergo velocity perturbation that can lead to clumps. In the optically thin supersonic winds, dense clumps of smaller size (fVFF = 0.27 0.3, where fVFF is the volume filling factor) pulsate with higher-order harmonics. The larger clumps (fVFF = 0.2) oscillate with lower-order harmonics of the pulsation and affect the overall wind variability. 2024. The Author(s).
Kar S.; Das R.; Mathew B.; Baug T.; Mandal A.
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad77d0 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85206939456&doi=10.3847%2f1538-3881%2fad77d0&partnerID=40&md5=f5775b75913ad58d4631e52dbd7818bc
Kar S., S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, 700106, India; Das R., S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, 700106, India; Mathew B., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Baug T., S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, 700106, India; Mandal A., S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, 700106, India
Environmental degradation in geopolitical risk and uncertainty contexts for India: A comparison of ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, and load capacity factor
CO2 emissions; Ecological footprint; Geopolitical risk; India; Load capacity factor; Sustainable development; Uncertainty
This study assesses the role of geopolitical risk and uncertainty in the degradation of the environment by forming the functions for ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, and load capacity factor for the period 19902019 in India. Besides, the specified function endogenizes economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and natural resource rent as the additional covariates. The use of the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) confirms the long-run relationship between study variables. Further, the dynamic simulations of the autoregressive distributed lag model (DYNARDL) outcomes show that geopolitical risk improves the quality of the environment by reducing the ecological footprint and CO2 emissions. However, it degrades the environment by reducing the load capacity factor. Furthermore, the uncertainty improves the environmental quality by reducing the CO2 emissions and ecological footprint, but the reduced load capacity factor due to uncertainty implies the degradation of environmental quality in India. Given these findings, the study proposes different environmental conservation policies. 2023 Elsevier Ltd
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egycc.2023.100122 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85182675869&doi=10.1016%2fj.egycc.2023.100122&partnerID=40&md5=7ded938225c0f8f95ef6d1905bf0e1d6
Villanthenkodath M.A., Department of Economics and Business Environment, Indian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya (IIM Bodh Gaya), Bihar, Bodh Gaya, 824234, India; Pal S., Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, School of Business and Management, Christ University (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Magnetic field and light dependant supercapacitor behaviours of Mn3O4-rGO hybrid nanocomposites
Light-based supercapacitor; Magnetic field; Mn3O4-rGO nanocomposite; Supercapacitor
Recently, hybrid nanostructures have been very promising candidates for energy generation and storage applications in nanotechnology. Here, Manganese Oxide (Mn3O4) decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets hybrid composite was synthesised in chemical methods. The hybrid nanocomposite shows supercapacitance performance under a magnetic field and light irradiation. The magnetoelectrochemistry behaviour of the material was studied by varying external magnetic fields and the charge storage behaviours depending on the magnetic field. Additionally, the charge storage behaviour also changes under visible light irradiation. Interestingly, 82% enhancement is obtained under visible light. Therefore the present work gives a new pathway to understand the charge storage behaviour under light and magnetic fields. Qatar University and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Emergent Materials, Vol-7, No. 6, pp. 2393-2406.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-024-00744-8 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85194061189&doi=10.1007%2fs42247-024-00744-8&partnerID=40&md5=b6ed1cac1ad6fa9db4763b81084c27ac
Joby A., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Kumbhakar P., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Balachandran M., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Deciphering the properties of UV upturn galaxies in the Virgo cluster
galaxies: clusters: individual: Virgo; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; stars: horizontal branch; ultraviolet: galaxies
The UV upturn refers to the increase in UV flux at wavelengths shorter than 3000 observed in quiescent early-type galaxies (ETGs), which still remains a puzzle. In this study, we aim to identify ETGs showing the UV upturn phenomenon within the Virgo galaxy cluster. We utilized a colourcolour diagram to identify all potential possible UV upturn galaxies. The spectral energy distributions (SED) of these galaxies were then analysed using the CIGALE software; we confirmed the presence of UV upturn in galaxies within the Virgo cluster. We found that the SED fitting method is the best tool to visualize and confirm the UV upturn phenomenon in ETGs. Our findings reveal that the population distributions regarding stellar mass and star formation rate properties are similar between UV upturn and red sequence galaxies. We suggest that the UV contribution originates from old stellar populations and can be modelled effectively without a burst model. Moreover, by estimating the temperature of the stellar population responsible for the UV emission, we determined it to be 13 000 K to 18 000 K. These temperature estimates support the notion that the UV upturn likely arises from the contribution of low mass evolved stellar populations (extreme horizontal branch stars). Furthermore, the Mg2 index, a metallicity indicator, in the confirmed upturn galaxies shows higher strength and follows a similar trend to previous studies. This study sheds light on the nature of UV upturn galaxies within the Virgo cluster and provides evidence that low-mass evolved stellar populations are the possible mechanisms driving the UV upturn phenomenon. 2024 The Author(s).
Akhil K.R.; Kartha S.S.; Kizhuprakkat N.; Ujjwal K.; Niranjana P.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol-534, No. 4, pp. 4063-4071.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2382 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85207865331&doi=10.1093%2fmnras%2fstae2382&partnerID=40&md5=f753a075ea61206372f099f46bc8c69b
Akhil K.R., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Kartha S.S., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Kizhuprakkat N., Institute of Astronomy, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Rd. Sec. 2, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Ujjwal K., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Niranjana P., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Na+ doped CuO: A new paradigm electrode material for high performance supercapacitors
Cupric oxide; Electrochemical studies; Raman spectrum enhancement; Sodium doping; Spray-pyrolysis; Urbach tailing
This study investigates the influence of sodium doping on the properties of cupric oxide (CuO) thin films synthesized via spray pyrolysis. Comprehensive characterization was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and electrochemical studies. All films exhibited p-type conductivity, with an optical band gap variation from 1.53 to 1.73 eV. XRD analysis confirmed the dominance of monoclinic CuO, with minor phases of Cu2O and Cu4O3. EDAX and XPS verified the incorporation of Cu, O, and Na elements. FESEM revealed a densely packed morphology with uniform particle distribution and rough surfaces in the electrically optimized film. The Raman spectra of doped samples showed increased intensity and sharpness, attributed to Na + ion-induced polarizability enhancement. Hall effect measurements indicated a tenfold decrease in carrier concentration and a more than tenfold increase in mobility upon sodium doping. Films doped with 4 at.% sodium exhibited the lowest resistivity. Additionally, Na doping enhanced the electrochemical performance of CuO. These findings demonstrate that sodium doping significantly enhances the electrical, optical and electrochemical properties of CuO thin films, making them suitable for applications in optoelectronic devices and supercapacitors. 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.
Jos B.; Babu C.R.; Naduvath J.; Shanu A.S.; Shaji S.; Hossain A.; Anila E.I.
Ceramics International, Vol-50, No. 21, pp. 43627-43634.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.08.213 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85201477447&doi=10.1016%2fj.ceramint.2024.08.213&partnerID=40&md5=7a76cdfeea811cff5e79910be8c6ce56
Jos B., Optoelectronic and Nanomaterials' Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Union Christian College, Kerala, Aluva, 683102, India; Babu C.R., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Naduvath J., Department of Physics, S t. Thomas College (Autonomous), University of Calicut, Kerala, Thrissur, India; Shanu A.S., Department of Physics, S t. Thomas College (Autonomous), University of Calicut, Kerala, Thrissur, India; Shaji S., Universidad Automa de Nuevo Le(UANL), Facultad de IngenierMecica y Eltrica (FIME), Av. Universidad, Cd. Universitaria, Nuevo Le, San Nicol de los Garza, 66455, Mexico; Hossain A., Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation; Anila E.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Evaluating the effect of different ligands on the supercapacitance and hydrogen evolution reaction studies of Zn-Co MOF
2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid; Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid; Hydrogen evolution reaction; Supercapacitor; Zn-Co MOF
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have recently attracted a lot of interest because of their potential uses in energy storage and catalysis. In this study, we investigate the impact of various ligands on the electrochemical performance of Zn-Co MOFs for both energy storage and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) studies. Specifically, Zn-Co MOFs are synthesized using different ligands, and their structural and electrochemical properties are characterized by a range of analytical techniques. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DBA) and benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid (BTC) are employed due to their distinct structural features and potential effects on MOF performance. Subsequently, electrochemical studies are conducted to assess the supercapattery performance and HER activity of these MOFs. The specific capacitance and overpotential value at 10 mA/cm2 of Zn-Co/DBA MOF is observed to be 1775.3 F/g and 186 mV, whereas that of Zn-Co/BTC MOF is found to be 136.6 F/g and 279 mV. The MOF synthesis using DBA as a ligand is more effective for energy-related applications. This study aims to report a multifunctional MOF composite for energy and environmental applications with better efficiency than other reported systems. Our findings provide insights into how the choice of ligand influences the structural properties and electrochemical behavior of Zn-Co MOFs, shedding light on the potential of these MOFs as versatile materials for energy storage and HER applications. 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Daniel N.K.; Varghese A.; Sunaja Devi K.R.; Chundattu S.J.; Sreekanth A.
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol-703
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.135177 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85202531687&doi=10.1016%2fj.colsurfa.2024.135177&partnerID=40&md5=bb5b244eb43140ca5189acdd4973984e
Daniel N.K., Department of Sciences and Humanities, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Sunaja Devi K.R., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Chundattu S.J., Department of Sciences and Humanities, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Sreekanth A., Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, India
Tuning the electronic dimensionality and bandgap in Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Br, Cl) for photovoltaic applications: a DFT-1/2 study of cation disorder
Nontoxic, stable, and experimentally realized lead-free halide double perovskites, Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Br, Cl), attracted much attention for solar cell applications. However, their reduced electronic dimensionality and indirect (wide) bandgap, limiting solar energy absorption efficiency, are not mostly suitable. To address such issues, we employ the computationally efficient DFT-1/2 + SOC method to study the electronic structure of cation-ordered and cation-disordered materials comparatively. Our study explores the impact of cation disorder in tuning the electronic dimensionality, demonstrating how the disorder effect reduces bandgaps, increases solar energy absorption, enhances band dispersion, and decreases carrier effective masses for better photovoltaic performance. We observe an evolution of the electronic dimensionality in the disordered systems, influencing the carrier effective masses and absorption properties. Fractional (and non-integer) electronic dimensionality appears to be an essential concept in understanding the optoelectronic properties. The direct bandgap, high absorption in the desired energy range, and mostly lower effective masses of the disordered systems make them suitable for solar cell applications. 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Vadagavi V.R.; Jafri R.I.; Menon K.S.R.; Mandal S.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol-26, No. 47, pp. 29595-29603.
ISSN: 14639076; PubMed ID: 39588679; CODEN: PPCPF
https://doi.org/10.1039/d4cp03808h https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85210140700&doi=10.1039%2fd4cp03808h&partnerID=40&md5=5e34d8a7eae33f097f7e4f1d4e43519a
Vadagavi V.R., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Menon K.S.R., Surface Physics and Material Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India; Mandal S., Department of Physics, Sabang Sajanikanta Mahavidyalaya, Lutunia, West Bengal, 721166, India
ANALYSIS, ASSESSMENT, AND MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AIR POLLUTION USING ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
air pollution; air quality management; analysis; developing countries; environmental engineering
Recent studies underscore the value of contemporary technology and gas emissions mitigation while overlooking the necessity of optimal fuel in Developing Countries (DC). DC's historical economic expansion has significantly depended on fossil fuels, resulting in severe environmental air pollution (EAP) challenges. The separation of economic progress from pollution has been the central emphasis in advancing environmental civilization in emerging countries. This study presents an analysis, assessment, and management of EAP using environmental engineering (EE) in DC. This work has examined the evolution of EAP regulations in DC, emphasizing a strategic shift from emission regulation to Air Quality Management (AQM). The regulation of Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions addressed the worsening of acid rain in DC. Since 2015, regulatory measures across several sources and industries have aimed to decrease the total amount of Fine Particulate Matter (FPM2.5), signifying a shift towards an AQM-focused policy. Escalating ozone (O3) pollution necessitates integrated management measures for O3 and FPM2.5, focusing on their intricate photochemical reactions. Significant enhancement of AQM in DC, as a crucial metric for the efficacy of sustainable economic development, necessitates the profound carbon reduction of the DC's energy infrastructure and the establishment of more integrated strategies to tackle EAP and climate change in DC concurrently. 2024, Rotherham Academic Press Ltd. All rights reserved.
Diwakar; Shnain A.H.; Praveenraj D.D.W.; Saini R.
https://doi.org/10.62441/actainnovations.vi.398 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85216675413&doi=10.62441%2factainnovations.vi.398&partnerID=40&md5=60ddc6f9aefaa9dcd4da112c92b25d10
Diwakar, Department of Management, Kalinga University, Raipur, India; Shnain A.H., Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq, Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Praveenraj D.D.W., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Saini R., Department of Management, Kalinga University, Raipur, India
Eco-Conscious Silver Nanoparticles via Quassia indica: Characterization and Multifaceted Applications
antibacterial activity; antioxidant activity; cytotoxicity; dye degradation; green synthesis; Quassia indica; silver nanoparticles
This research work explores the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Quassia indica (QI-Ag NPs), a natural plant extract, as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The synthesized QI-Ag NPs were characterized using various analytical techniques, including UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED). The UV-Visible analysis revealed a characteristic peak at 430 nm, indicating the successful formation of AgNPs. XRD analysis unveiled the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, with four distinctive peaks corresponding to the silver crystallographic planes. SEM and EDX provided insights into the morphology and chemical composition of the QI-AgNPs. Moreover, TEM and SAED elucidated the structural attributes and crystallinity of the nanoparticles. The Ag NPs exhibited a spherical structure and crystalline nature, as supported by both SAED and XRD findings. The zeta potential of QI-Ag NPs exhibited a value of-24.2 mV. The synthesized QI-Ag NPs were evaluated for their photocatalytic potential, demonstrating a remarkable 97% degradation of Crystal Violet dye. Furthermore, comprehensive studies encompassing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity assessments were conducted, showcasing the multifaceted applications of these nanoparticles. This research underscores the promising potential of Q. indica-mediated silver nanoparticles as environmentally benign and versatile nanomaterials. 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Scaria S.S., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Sebastian J.K., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Simultaneous X-Ray and Optical Polarization Observations of the Blazar Mrk 421
We present near-simultaneous X-ray and optical polarization measurements in the high synchrotron peaked (HSP) blazar Mrk 421. The X-ray polarimetric observations were carried out using Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) on 2023 December 6. During IXPE observations, we also carried out optical polarimetric observations using 104 cm Sampurnanand telescope at Nainital and multiband optical imaging observations using 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope at Hanle. From model-independent analysis of IXPE data, we detected X-ray polarization with degree of polarization (?X) of 8.5% 0.5% and an electric vector position angle (?X) of 10.6 1.7 in the 2?8 keV band. From optical polarimetry on 2023 December 6, in B, V, and R bands, we found values of ?B = 4.27% 0.32%, ?V = 3.57% 0.31%, and ?R = 3.13% 0.25%. The value of ?B is greater than that observed at longer optical wavelengths, with the degree of polarization suggesting an energy-dependent trend, gradually decreasing from higher to lower energies. This is consistent with that seen in other HSP blazars and favors a stratified emission region encompassing a shock front. The emission happening in the vicinity of the shock front will be more polarized due to the ordered magnetic field resulting from shock compression. The X-ray emission, involving high-energy electrons, originates closer to the shock front than the optical emission. The difference in the spatial extension could plausibly account for the observed variation in polarization between X-ray and optical wavelengths. This hypothesis is further supported by the broadband spectral energy distribution modeling of the X-ray and optical data. 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
Bharathan A.M.; Stalin C.S.; Sahayanathan S.; Wani K.; Mandal A.K.; Chatterjee R.; Joshi S.; Pandey J.C.; Mathew B.; Agrawal V.K.
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad8081 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85209195241&doi=10.3847%2f1538-4357%2fad8081&partnerID=40&md5=4947d2ebe3a66928b5fec7898d1ea302
Bharathan A.M., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Stalin C.S., Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Block II, Koramangala, Bangalore, 560 034, India; Sahayanathan S., Astrophysical Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India; Wani K., Aryabhatta Research Institute for Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, India, School of Physical Sciences, SRTM University, Nanded, 431 606, India; Mandal A.K., Astronomy Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea; Chatterjee R., Space Astronomy Group, U. R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISITE Campus, Bangalore, 560 037, India; Joshi S., Aryabhatta Research Institute for Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, India; Pandey J.C., Aryabhatta Research Institute for Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, India; Mathew B., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Agrawal V.K., Space Astronomy Group, U. R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISITE Campus, Bangalore, 560 037, India
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Artificial Intelligence; Drug Discovery; Drug Regulation; Personalised Marketing; Pharmaceutical Marketing; Supply Chain
Artificial Technology is the blockbuster technology today. Pharmaceutical industry is no exception to the technology onslaught. Pharmaceutical industry adapting to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve the overall performance of the industry processes, through improved efficiency in the operations and reduced lead time in the drug discovery. This is done through AIs ability of scanning huge data to speed up the drug discovery stage by identifying prospective drug candidates through technology like Structure-Based Virtual Screening (SBVS) and Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD). A nascent drug approach called as drug repurposing is very prospective through AI, and AI makes it possible to integrate nanotechnology, targeted drug development and personalised treatment based on genetic and proteomic data. AI has huge applications in the very important drug development stage of clinical trials. Selection of suitable participants, predicting drug responses will have huge cost reduction with the AI technology. In addition to drug trials, AI is transforming the pharmaceutical marketing process. Personalised communication, predictive sales forecasting, automated content generation and sentiment analysis are some of the possible as of now. These applications make the companies offer tailor made marketing strategies specific to physicians and patients and monitor the brand reputation and bring efficiency in the supply chain. Albeit the potential benefits, adoption of AI fully in the pharmaceutical industry has its own challenges. In the areas of data privacy, regulatory compliance and ethics related to drug testing, AI could face serious challenges. As the technology evolves, AI will have its impact on the pharmaceutical industry offering huge growth opportunities. India could emerge as a potential superpower in the pharmaceutical industry if AI is properly harnessed for industry growth. India can be the pharmacy for the entire world in the coming days if industry finds a way to utilize AI properly. 2024, Indian Pharmaceutical Association. All rights reserved.
Pharma Times, Vol-56, No. 11, pp. 32-34.
Manicka M.M.K., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Lignin nanoparticles from Ayurvedic industry spent materials: Applications in Pickering emulsions for curcumin and vitamin D3 encapsulation
Ayurveda industry; Curcumin; Lignin nanoparticles; Pickering nanoemulsions; Vitamin D3
Lignin nanoparticles (LNP), extracted from spent materials of Dashamoola Arishta (Ayurvedic formulation), shared a molecular weight of 14.42 kDa with commercial lignin. Processed into LNPs (496.43 0.54 nm) via planetary ball milling, they demonstrated stability at pH 8.0 with a zeta potential of ?32 0.27 mV. Operating as Pickering particles, LNP encapsulated curcumin and vitamin D3 in sunflower oil, forming LnE + Cu + vD3 nanoemulsions (particle size: 347.40 0.71 nm, zeta potential: ?42.27 0.72 mV) with high encapsulation efficiencies (curcumin: 87.95 0.21%, vitamin D3: 72.66 0.11%). The LnE + Cu + vD3 emulsion exhibited stability without phase separation over 90 days at room (27 2 C) and refrigeration (4 1 C) temperatures. Remarkably, LnE + Cu + vD3 exhibited reduced toxicity, causing 29.32% and 34.99% cell death in L6 and RAW264.7 cells respectively, at the highest concentration (50 ?g/mL). This underscores the potential valorization of Ayurvedic industry spent materials for diverse industrial applications. 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Abraham B.; Shakeela H.; Devendra L.P.; Arun K.B.; Vasanth Ragavan K.; Brennan C.; Mantri N.; Adhikari B.; Nisha P.
ISSN: 3088146; PubMed ID: 38970952; CODEN: FOCHD
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140284 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85197525428&doi=10.1016%2fj.foodchem.2024.140284&partnerID=40&md5=fad8d333468fefe9e328a794c30cf731
Abraham B., Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplary Science and Technology, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3083, VIC, Australia; Shakeela H., Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplary Science and Technology, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Devendra L.P., Microbial Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum, 695019, India; Arun K.B., Department of Life Science, Christ College (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Vasanth Ragavan K., Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplary Science and Technology, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Brennan C., School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3083, VIC, Australia; Mantri N., School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3083, VIC, Australia; Adhikari B., School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3083, VIC, Australia; Nisha P., Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplary Science and Technology, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3083, VIC, Australia
Seasonal study on the Aquatic and Terrestrial Habitat of Edayar region, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Diversity Indices; Plant diversity; Quadrat Study; Random sampling; Species diversity
This study examines the plant diversity and physicochemical characteristics of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in the industrialized region of Edayar, Kadungalloor, Ernakulam, Kerala, India. The research is conducted seasonally, encompassing the four seasons of Kerala: southwest monsoon, northeast monsoon, winter season and summer season. Edayar is home to approximately 400 industries. The main objective of this study is to assess the plant diversity with a specific focus on herb and macrophyte diversity, in the Edayar region, along with analyzing the physicochemical properties of soil and water. Random sampling using quadrat techniques is employed to collect data on species diversity. Diversity indices, such as the Simpson Index and Shannon-Wiener index are utilized to analyze the recorded species diversity. Scoparia dulcis L. among herb species and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms among macrophytes were found dominating in all the seasons. The results for the physico-chemical analysis of water and soil were found approaching the threshold of standard limits.The findings provide valuable insights into plant diversity and ecological dynamics of the Edayar region, which have been significantly impacted by industrial activities. The outcomes serve as a basis for the development and implementation of effective conservation and management strategies to mitigate potential ecological risks associated with industrial activities in the region. 2024 World Researchers Associations. All rights reserved.
Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol-28, No. 11, pp. 82-98.
https://doi.org/10.25303/2811rjce082098 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85207397803&doi=10.25303%2f2811rjce082098&partnerID=40&md5=d8ab4232a2d5ba5205ae1ffebce6cc55
Syamlal C.A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sayantan D., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Comprehensive evaluation and performance analysis of machine learning in heart disease prediction
Healthcare; Heart disease; Machine learning; Prediction
Heart disease is a leading cause of mortality on a global scale. Accurately predicting cardiovascular disease poses a significant challenge within clinical data analysis. The present study introduces a prediction model that utilizes various combinations of information and employs multiple established classification approaches. The proposed technique combines the genetic algorithm (GA) and the recursive feature elimination method (RFEM) to select relevant features, thus enhancing the models robustness. Techniques like the under sampling clustering oversampling method (USCOM) address the issue of data imbalance, thereby improving the models predictive capabilities. The classification challenge employs a multilayer deep convolutional neural network (MLDCNN), trained using the adaptive elephant herd optimization method (AEHOM). The proposed machine learning-based heart disease prediction method (ML-HDPM) demonstrates outstanding performance across various crucial evaluation parameters, as indicated by its comprehensive assessment. During the training process, the ML-HDPM model exhibits a high level of performance, achieving an accuracy rate of 95.5% and a precision rate of 94.8%. The systems sensitivity (recall) performs with a high accuracy rate of 96.2%, while the F-score highlights its well-balanced performance, measuring 91.5%. It is worth noting that the specificity of ML-HDPM is recorded at a remarkable 89.7%. The findings underscore the potential of ML-HDPM to transform the prediction of heart disease and aid healthcare practitioners in providing precise diagnoses, exerting a substantial influence on patient care outcomes. The Author(s) 2024.
Al-Alshaikh H.A.; Prabu P.; Poonia R.C.; Saudagar A.K.J.; Yadav M.; AlSagri H.S.; AlSanad A.A.
Al-Alshaikh H.A., Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia; Prabu P., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Poonia R.C., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Saudagar A.K.J., Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia; Yadav M., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India; AlSagri H.S., Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia; AlSanad A.A., Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of 3D garland BiOI, spherical ZnO, and CNFs onto Ni foam: Supercapacitor performance with enhanced electrochemical properties
Battery type supercapacitors; Bismuth oxyiodide; Carbon nanomaterials; Electrochemical properties; Energy storage; Heterostructured electrodes; Nickel foam; ZnO nanoparticles
This study reported one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of 3D garland BiOI, spherical ZnO, and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) onto Ni foam substrate with improved supercapacitor performance and enhanced electrochemical properties. The synthesized nanocomposites exhibited high specific capacitance (SC) of 1073 g?1 at a current density of 1 A/g and excellent cycling stability with 88.6% retention of original capacity after 5000 cycles in 2M KOH aqueous solution. The findings highlight the potential of 3D materials for use as electrode materials in advanced supercapacitor applications due to their high energy storage capabilities. 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Reddy N.R.; Kumar A.S.; Reddy P.M.; Roy N.; Kanchi S.; Kakarla R.R.; Jung J.H.; Aminabhavi T.M.; Joo S.W.
Journal of Environmental Management, Vol-370
ISSN: 3014797; PubMed ID: 39405870; CODEN: JEVMA
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122841 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85206284758&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2024.122841&partnerID=40&md5=01b51d04721ada99f7e8734d4b9021cd
Reddy N.R., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Kumar A.S., Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Reddy P.M., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Roy N., Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Kanchi S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Kakarla R.R., School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Jung J.H., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Aminabhavi T.M., Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Karnataka, Hubballi, 580031, India, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Uttarakhand, Dehradun, 248 007, India; Joo S.W., School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
Training in Cultural Competence for Mental Health Care: A Mixed-Methods Study of Students, Faculty, and Practitioners from India and USA
Cultural competence; Diversity; Graduate mental health training; India; USA
Although the need to train clinicians to provide effective mental health care to individuals from diverse backgrounds has been recognized worldwide, a bulk of what we know about training in cultural competence (CC) is based on research conducted in the United States. Research on CC in mental health training from different world populations is needed due to the context-dependent nature of CC. Focusing on India and USA, two diverse countries that provide complementary contexts to examine CC, we explored graduate students, practicing clinicians, and faculty members perspectives regarding CCtraining they received/provided and future training needs using mixed-methods. The data were collected using focus groups (n = 25 groups total: 15 in India, 11 in USA), and a survey (n = 800: 450 in India, 350 in USA). Our data highlight the salient social identities in these countries, and the corresponding constituents of CC training. Participants in India described a practical emphasis to their CC training (e.g., learning about CC through life experiences and clinical practice experiences) more so than through coursework, whereas participants in USA described varying levels of courseworkrelated toCC along with practice. Participants in both countries considered enormity of CC as a challenge, while those in the US also identified CC training limited to a white, straight, male perspective, hesitancy in engaging with diversity topics, and limited time and competence of the faculty. Strengths of CC training in India and USA are mutually informative in generating recommendations for enhancing the training in both countries. The Author(s) 2024.
Raval V.V.; Gopal B.; Aggarwal P.; Mohan M.P.; Padmakumari P.; Thomas E.; Luebbe A.M.; Hay M.C.
Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, Vol-48, No. 4, pp. 699-730.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
ISSN: 0165005X; PubMed ID: 38954183; CODEN: CMPSD
Raval V.V., Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States, Department of Psychology, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Ave., Oxford, 45056, OH, United States; Gopal B., CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, India; Aggarwal P., Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States; Mohan M.P., CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, India; Padmakumari P., Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, India; Thomas E., CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, India; Luebbe A.M., Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States; Hay M.C., Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States