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                <text>Muttungal P.V., Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, India; George J.P., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Davidson B.G.J., School of Business, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada; Tur A., Acsenda School of Management, Vancouver, Canada</text>
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                <text>Natarajan A.K., Samarkand International University of Technology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Galety M.G., Samarkand International University of Technology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Mishra N., VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, India; Prabu M., Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Erachakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India; Manimaran A., VIT-AP University, Amaravati, India; Ramasamy G., Christ University, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Hundekari S., Pimpri Chinchwad University, Dept. of Computer Science, Pune, India; Onumajuru O.K., University of Hertfordshire, Dept. of Computer Science, United Kingdom; Multani D., Ust Global Solutions, Haryana, Gurgaon, India; Oluwakemi O.T., Olabisi Onabanjo University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria; Upreti K., Christ University, Dept. of Computer Science, Delhi NCR, India</text>
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                <text>AI and ML techniques have dramatically influenced rapid developments in low-power VLSI design with fast advancements in device simulations and power optimization strategies. AI-based simulation tools are now used for accurate modeling of power consumption, improving thermal analysis, and quickening design iterations through the detection of inefficiencies and optimization of energy consumption. In fact, this work focuses on some AI-enabled methods of power reduction techniques such as voltage scaling, clock gating, and leakage current minimization with respect to a sustainable VLSI design. Moreover, a synthetic dataset is created to mimic the actual power consumption trend in VLSI circuits so that predictive modeling and regression techniques can be used for power estimation. Different regression models are used to check the predictive accuracy, and it was found that the highest R2 score was 0.85 by Linear Regression, while the worst was achieved by Decision Tree Regression at 0.50. Results of the correlation analysis and models by machine learning clearly indicate that the frequency and operating voltage are the major contributors to consumption power, while gate counts have a relatively insignificant contribution. Introduction of AI in VLSI simulation enables the enhancement of power efficiency while maintaining sustainability outcomes by optimizing energy usage and cost reduction in terms of computation.  2025 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Abraham J., Christ (Deemed to be University), Department of Computer Science, Ghaziabad, India; Upreti K., Christ (Deemed to be University), Department of Computer Science, Ghaziabad, India</text>
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                <text>This research goal is to forecast lung cancer using machine learning, and addressing the dataset's class imbalance is a top priority. The data that was initially gathered was extremely unbalanced, with 87.38% of instances being of the minority class of lung cancer and only 12.62% being non-cancer cases. To address this imbalance, minority over-sampling through self-generated SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) was implemented wherein there were 64.85% cases of lung cancer and 35.15% of non-lung cancer cases after deduplication. Logistic regression (LR), Gaussian naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Bernoulli naive Bayes, K nearest neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF), multi-layer perceptron, and extreme gradient boosting are among the machine learning methods that were tested. The best test performance was shown by the Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting methods that achieved an accuracy of 97.3% followed by K Nearest Neighbors at 95.95%, and Multi-Layer Perceptron at 93.24%. This highlights the necessity of data balance and the ways in which these methods can improve the efficacy of predictive models for lung cancer. As such, this addition contributes to the dearly needed critical knowledge which may be a stepping stone for innovation within the domains of diagnosis and treatment medicine through machine learning.  2025 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks, ICICV 2025;pp.478-483</text>
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                <text>Alphine P.J., CHRIST University, School of Sciences, India; Alapatt B.P., CHRIST University, School of Sciences, India; George J.P., CHRIST University, School of Sciences, India</text>
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                <text>The detection of malware needs superior methods than basic signature detection because it remains vital to cybersecurity. This research examines malware classification through the deep learning approach by analyzing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) and develops a new BiGRU + CNN hybrid model. The main purpose is to achieve better detection performance through reduced numbers of false alarms. The research employs executable file feature data while implementing preprocessing methods together with fivefold cross-validation validation to establish strong model reliability. Experimental findings show CNN along with LSTM and GRU attains excellent recall values yet produces elevated erroneous positive predictions. The proposed BiGRU + CNN model delivers superiority over single-model architecture as it reaches 96.06% accuracy alongside 96.13% precision and 99.92% recall and 97.99% F1-score. The obtained results show that this integration has better malware detection capabilities thereby demonstrating its potential for cybersecurity applications.  2025 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>The logistic regression model is an invaluable tool for predicting binary response variables, yet it faces a significant challenge in scenarios where explanatory variables exhibit multicollinearity. Multicollinearity hinders the models ability to provide accurate and reliable predictions. To address this critical issue, this study introduces innovative combinations of Ridge and Liu estimators tailored for the two-parameter logistic regression model. To evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of ridge and Liu estimators under the two-parameter logistic regression, a real-world dataset from the medical domain is utilized, and Mean Squared Errors are employed as a performance metric. The findings of our investigation revealed that the ridge estimator, denoted as k4, outperforms other Liu estimators when multicollinearity is present in the data. The significance of this research lies in its potential to enhance the reliability of predictions for binary outcome variables in the medical domain. These novel estimators offer a promising solution to the multicollinearity challenge, contributing to more accurate and trustworthy results, ultimately benefiting medical practitioners and researchers alike.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-922 LNNS, pp. 195-202.</text>
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                <text>Revolutionizing HIV Treatment With AI;pp.193-232</text>
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                <text>Srinivasan S., Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, India; Vallipriya R., Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pavendar Bharathidasan College of Arts and Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India; Joseph J., School of Law, Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>The study explores how social networks and support enhance the health and treatment adherence of HIV patients. HIV/AIDS affects not only physical health but also leads to social stigma, discrimination, and emotional challenges. A strong social network improves the quality of life, reduces psychological issues like anxiety and depression, and promotes overall well-being. Strengthening network sustainability for vulnerable HIV/AIDS patients can enhance emotional support, self-care, and treatment adherence. Conducted in Pudukottai District, Tamil Nadu, the study involved 120 samples, with data collected through the Positive Network and NGO support. The findings offer policy implications, assist healthcare providers in managing affected individuals effectively, and highlight the role of NGO services in improving mental health outcomes and creating a supportive environment for PLHIV. Copyright  2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing.</text>
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                <text>Moozhippurath B., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India; Natarajan J., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Metabolomics is a powerful tool for the understanding of biological systems by analysis of metabolites and their related pathways. Prediction of metabolic pathways is still one of the most challenging tasks because of the complexity of molecular structures and graph-structured metabolomics data. This article presents a robust framework using Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) to address the challenges. The methodology proposed includes first preprocessing through metabolite identification by mass spectrometry, and then it utilizes feature extraction through the RDKit library. The objective of the research is aim to metabolic pathway prediction using machine learning algorithm. Complex patterns and relationships are captured from the SMILES representation through the molecular graphs constructed and passed on for the GCN model to learn structured data. ReLU activation functions have been employed within a three-layer sequential GCN architecture that enables it to deliver highly accurate results while ensuring that they are understandable as well. The proposed sequential GCN Model was evaluated on the KEGG dataset with an accuracy of 98.00%, precision of 92.10%, and recall of 93.02%. The performance of these metrics is well beyond traditional approaches such as KNN, ensemble logistic regression, and other GCN based approaches. Thus, this work brings GCN based approaches closer to revolutionizing metabolic pathway prediction and the advancement of the metabolomics field.  2025 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Josephine H.J.V.L., Business Analytics, School of Business and Management, Chrisut University, Bangalore, 560074, India; Rajagopal M., School of Business and Management, Chrisut University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Gayatri S., School of Computer Science and Application, Reva University, Bangalore, India; Lakshmi K., School of Business and Management, Christ Univeristy, Bangalore, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>The Android application market has grown significantly, offering customers an ever-growing range of features to suit a variety of purposes. Users are exchanging more and more sensitive data thanks to the widespread usage of mobile applications, therefore safeguarding personal information is crucial. But this boom has also opened the door for a corresponding rise in cybersecurity risks, especially for malware and adware that target mobile devices. It is imperative to categorise mobile applications into distinct groups such as malware, adware, and benign in order to fortify the mobile ecosystem. This project's primary objective is to create and apply cutting-edge machine learning algorithms that can precisely categorise mobile apps into groups including adware, malware, and benign apps. This will necessitate investigating various machine learning strategies and ensemble methods to improve classification accuracy and robustness. Multiple machine learning models were developed based on feature importance, utilizing various machine learning techniques. The evaluation metrics showcase the effectiveness of the final model, especially the Tuned XGBoost model. While achieving a high overall accuracy of 92.51%, the findings highlight the importance of considering diverse features beyond traditional flow-based ones, providing a more robust and complete perspective on mobile network security.  2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.</text>
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                <text>Jain Y.K., School of Management, IILM University, Greater Noida, India; Tak T.K., Engineering Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore; Upreti K., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Delhi NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, India; Kumar N., School of Business Management, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Kshirsagar P.R., J D College of Engineering &amp;amp; Management, Maharashtra, Nagpur, India</text>
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                <text>Blockchain technology has emerged as a pivotal enabler for innovation in mobile decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystems. This study ememploys the Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (PF-AHP) to identify and rank critical enablers driving blockchain adoption for enhancing mobile DeFi transactions. A structured three-stage methodology evaluates twenty-four sub-criteria across operational, managerial, and strategic dimensions. Results emphasize managerially focused factorssuch as reduced foreign exchange (FX) transfer costs and open-source adaptabilityas the most critical enablers, followed by operational drivers like transparency. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the ro-robustness of these findings. The results offer actionable insights for fintech practitioners, digital strategists, and policymakers seeking to optimize blockchain-based mobile financial platforms. By contributing to improved financial inclusion, operational efficiency, and regulatory alignment, the study supports broader welfare enhancement in the digital economy. The proposed PF-AHP framework provides an empirical decision-making tool to guide innovation and strategic planning in financial technology services.  Yogesh Kumar Jain et al.</text>
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                <text>Mobility management is an essential component of 5G networks to provide mobile users with seamless connectivity and efficient cell transition. However, increasing user mobility, device density, and the diversity of service requirements all pose significant challenges to achieving optimal mobility management. This article describes a novel method for improving mobility management in 5G networks that employs a deep residual Long Short-Term Memory model. Deep learning and LSTM, a type of recurrent neural network, are used in the proposed model to identify temporal dependencies and patterns in user mobility data. The model learns to predict future user locations and mobility patterns by training on historical mobility data, allowing for proactive resource allocation and handover decisions. We incorporate residual connections into the LSTM architecture, inspired by the residual learning framework, to address the inability of traditional LSTM models to capture complex temporal dynamics. This allows the model to effectively incorporate long-term dependencies and improves prediction accuracy. Furthermore, we incorporate the mLSTM model into the mobility management framework of 5G networks. The model continuously obtains real-time user location updates and predicts future user positions, allowing for proactive handover decisions. The network can optimize resource allocation, reduce handover latency, and improve user experience by leveraging anticipated mobility patterns. We test the proposed method by simulating it extensively with real-world mobility traces. The results show that the mLSTM model accurately predicts user mobility and outperforms conventional methods in transition performance. The model is not affected by changing network conditions, user mobility patterns, or service specifications.  2024 Elsevier B.V.</text>
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                <text>Applied Soft Computing, Vol-165</text>
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                <text>Baz A., Department of Computer and Network Engineering, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Logeshwaran J., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Natarajan Y., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641062, India; Patel S.K., Department of Computer Engineering, Marwadi University, Gujarat, Rajkot, 360003, India</text>
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                <text>audio feedback; Blind mobility; haptic feedback; Navigation; Smart Cane; Ultrasonic sensor; vibration motor; voice control</text>
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                <text>Blindness is a condition which affects many people, and for the affected people, quality of life can take a big hit. Most blind people already use walking sticks to feel the terrain in front of them as they move around and navigate using touch and sound. However, they cannot judge distances to objects until the cane actually hits the object. In some cases, the contact with the cane may damage the object. Hence, it may be better to have some early warning system so that there is less likelihood of causing damage. This paper presents the design and development of a 'Smart Cane' aimed at enhancing mobility and safety for visually impaired individuals. The cane incorporates ultrasonic sensors to detect objects in the user's surroundings. When an object is detected within a specified distance range, the cane provides haptic feedback through a bidirectional vibration motor, alerting the user to its presence. The microcontroller-based system processes data from both sensors and efficiently manages power consumption to ensure extended battery life. The device's design includes user-friendly controls and an ergonomic enclosure to offer ease of use and protection for the electronic components. Further, there is built-in navigation via online Map API. With the convenience of navigating oneself without external assistance, the 'Smart Cane' demonstrates great potential to improve the independence and confidence of visually impaired individuals in navigating their environments safely.   2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Muktha D.S., CHRIST(Deemed to Be University), Department of Computer Science, Bangalore, India; Niveditha G., CHRIST(Deemed to Be University), Department of Computer Science, Bangalore, India; Pinto N.A., CHRIST(Deemed to Be University), Department of Computer Science, Bangalore, India; Sinha S., CHRIST(Deemed to Be University), Department of Computer Science, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Enhancing Movie Genre Classification through Emotional Intensity Detection: An Improvised Machine Learning Approach</text>
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                <text>Movie Genre Classification through Emotion Intensity is a computer vision technique used to identify facial emotion through a sequential neural network model and to get the genre of the movie with it. This paper delves into latest advancements in Emotion Detection, particularly emphasizing neural network models and leveraging face image analysis algorithms for emotion recognition.  Grenze Scientific Society, 2024.</text>
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                <text>Mehta M.; Sinha S.; Singhal N.; Sudhakar T.</text>
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                <text>15th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Control, and Telecommunication Technologies, ACT 2024, Vol-2, pp. 3913-3919.</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 979-833130057-9</text>
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                <text>Mehta M., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Sinha S., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Singhal N., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Sudhakar T., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Ara, Affreen; Rekha, V.</text>
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                <text>Enhancing Music Emotion Recognition with LSTM: Evaluating Various Embedding Techniques</text>
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                <text>Ara A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Karnataka, India; Rekha V., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Karnataka, India</text>
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                <text>The study investigates the application of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for emotion classification in music lyrics. It focuses on the comparative effectiveness of various word embedding techniques. It evaluates the performance of static embeddings (GloVe, Word2Vec, FastText) versus contextual embeddings (BERT, Distil BERT) across three datasets: MER Lyrics, Mood Lyrics, and Combined Lyrics. Additionally, the study examines the role of stylistic and content-based features in enhancing classification accuracy. The results demonstrate that contextual embeddings considerably outperform static embeddings, achieving accuracy rates of up to 98% compared to 60% for static approaches. Moreover, combining multiple lyric datasets leads to improved model generalization. The findings show the potential of transformer-based models for advancing music emotion recognition. Future research will focus on optimizing large embedding models using techniques such as pruning, quantization, and distillation to enhance computational efficiency.  2025 Seventh Sense Research Group.</text>
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                <text>All Open Access; Gold Open Access</text>
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                <text>In today's dynamic workplace, human resource development and management (HRDM) professionals face multifaceted challenges requiring advanced cognitive abilities. This book chapter explores the critical interplay between leadership skills, decision-making, and executive functions (EFs) in HRDM. It sheds light on their pivotal role in shaping workplace dynamics and organizational outcomes. Focusing on skills such as emotional intelligence, cognitive flexibility, and continuous learning, the chapter delves into their neurocognitive underpinnings, particularly within the prefrontal cortex. It discusses strategies for enhancing EFs, including reflective practice, empathy training, and mindfulness, and emphasizes the concept of neuroplasticity in fostering continuous learning and adaptation within HRDM. By integrating insights from neuroscience into HR practices, the chapter offers valuable guidance for HR professionals seeking to optimize organizational performance, enhance leadership qualities, and drive effective decision-making processes.  2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Helen Josephine V.L., Business Analytics, School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Gupta S., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Joy R., Business Analytics, School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Sharma M., Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>In the era of generative artificial intelligence technologies, an increasing number of organizations are adopting solutions such as ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Gemini, and Bard, and there has been a significant increase in computationally intensive operations that impact data center operations, as these require a high CPU- and GPU-based infrastructure and a large amount of electricity to run. In this data-driven environment, there is a need to look for and identify a holistic solution to address the concern of managing cloud operations with sustainable practices that can help not only reduce the carbon footprint but also be environment and pocket friendly. Organizations have started adopting smart intelligent technologies and sensors that track and help minimize and prescribe solutions to address the high usage of cloud resources. In this study, we have tried to check the impact of the role of such technologies in optimizing energy consumption, reducing the carbon footprint, and enabling eco-friendly, sustainable practices within cloud operations. While going through the study, you will find that the adoption of new technological solutions that leverage sensors and artificial intelligence-based smart technologies has a profound impact on long-term energy efficiency gains. The study highlights the importance of leveraging computational intelligence-based solutions to drive long-term environmental benefits, while also emphasizing the role of sustainable solutions, such as renewable energy integration and collaborative partnerships, in achieving the desired outcomes.  2026 selection and editorial matter, Jossy George, Kamal Upreti, Ramesh Chandra Poonia, Ankit Gautam, and Danish Nadeem; individual chapters, the contributors.</text>
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