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                <text>LENN: Laplacian Probability Based Extended Nearest Neighbor Classification Algorithm for Web Page Retrieval</text>
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                <text>Extended Nearest Neighbour; Laplacian probability; stemming algorithm; stop word removal; web page retrieval</text>
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                <text>Web page prediction is the area of interest that enables to tackle the problem of dealing with the massive collection of the web pages, mainly, in retrieving the highly relevant web pages. The hectic challenge of the web page prediction methods relied on time-effective and cost-effective management. The problem of dealing with the issue is tackled using the efficient web page retrieval algorithm. The paper proposes a new classifier called, Laplacian probability based Extended Nearest Neighbor (LENN)that is formed through the integration of the Laplacian probability with the Extended Nearest Neighbor (ENN)classifier. The proposed LENN classifier determines the nearest web pages of the query. Accordingly, the web page retrieval is done in three important steps, such as pre-processing, feature indexing and web page retrieval. The key words are stored in the database for performing the feature match such that the highly relevant web page is retrieved based on the maximum value of the score. The experimentation using five benchmarks prove that the proposed method is effective compared with the existing methods of web page retrieval. The maximum precision, recall, and F-measure of the proposed method is found to be 98%, 96.7%, and 97.3%, respectively.  2019 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Vijaya P.; Chander S.; Raju G.</text>
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                <text>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 978-153869319-3</text>
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                <text>Vijaya P., Waljat College of Applied Sciences, Muscat, Oman; Chander S., Waljat College of Applied Sciences, Muscat, Oman; Raju G., Department of CSE, Faculty of Engineering, Christ, Deemed to be University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</text>
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                <text>Lesion detection in women breasts dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging using deep learning</text>
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                <text>Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and the second foremost cause of cancer death in women after lung cancer. Recent technological advances in breast cancer treatment offer hope to millions of women in the world. Segmentation of the breasts Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) is one of the necessary tasks in the diagnosis and detection of breast cancer. Currently, a popular deep learning model, U-Net is extensively used in biomedical image segmentation. This article aims to advance the state of the art and conduct a more in-depth analysis with a focus on the use of various U-Net models in lesion detection in womens breast DCE-MRI. In this article, we perform an empirical study of the effectiveness and efficiency of U-Net and its derived deep learning models including ResUNet, Dense UNet, DUNet, Attention U-Net, UNet++, MultiResUNet, RAUNet, Inception U-Net and U-Net GAN for lesion detection in breast DCE-MRI. All the models are applied to the benchmarked 100 Sagittal T2-Weighted fat-suppressed DCE-MRI slices of 20 patients and their performance is compared. Also, a comparative study has been conducted with V-Net, W-Net, and DeepLabV3+. Non-parametric statistical test Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is used to analyze the significance of the quantitative results. Furthermore, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) is used to evaluate overall performance focused on accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F 1 -score, specificity, Geometric-Mean, DSC, and false-positive rate. The RAUNet segmentation model achieved a high accuracy of 99.76%, sensitivity of 85.04%, precision of 90.21%, and Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 85.04% whereas ResNet achieved 99.62% accuracy, 62.26% sensitivity, 99.56% precision, and 72.86% DSC. ResUNet is found to be the most effective model based on MCDA. On the other hand, U-Net GAN takes the least computational time to perform the segmentation task. Both quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate that the ResNet model performs better than other models in segmenting the images and lesion detection, though computational time in achieving the objectives varies.  2023, The Author(s).</text>
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                <text>Saikia S.; Si T.; Deb D.; Bora K.; Mallik S.; Maulik U.; Zhao Z.</text>
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                <text>Scientific Reports, Vol-13, No. 1</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48553-z" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48553-z&lt;/a&gt;
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                <text>All Open Access; Gold Open Access</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 20452322; PubMed ID: 38110462</text>
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                <text>Saikia S., Information Technology Department, Oil India Limited, Assam, Duliajan, 786602, India; Si T., AI Innovation Lab, Department of Computer Science &amp;amp; Engineering, University of Engineering &amp;amp; Management, Jaipur, GURUKUL, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303807, India; Deb D., Department of Computer Application, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bora K., Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Cotton University, Assam, Guwahati, 781001, India; Mallik S., Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, United States; Maulik U., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India; Zhao Z., Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 77030, TX, United States</text>
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                <text>Let there be Light, but not too much: The Need to Legally Address Light Pollution in India</text>
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                <text>Electricity and artificial lights were synonymous with economic growth and development. Unfortunately, over usage of artificial lights has proven adverse effects. Research shows that excessive light impacts human health and endangers ecological balance, disturbs wildlife, causes decline in insect, moth, reptile pollution and depletes energy resources. Countries around the world have gradually started recognising light pollution as an emerging challenge and have brought in regulations to curb it. However, India is yet to recognise the threat of light pollution. Against this backdrop, the authors have established the need to recognise light pollution as a matter requiring dedicated and concerted focus. This was achieved through the analysis of recent and credible journal articles category with a cite score of over ten. Reliance was also placed on the light pollution map to understand the intensity of the problem, especially in India. The authors next conducted a study of legal regimes governing light pollution and artificial light, in different jurisdictions around the globe. The paper draws upon the best practices from these jurisdictions and suggests that India adopt techno-legal legislation, at the earliest, to combat light pollution.  2023- Kalpana Corporation.</text>
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                <text>Pavithra R.; Sriraam S.</text>
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                <text>Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol-43, No. 3, pp. 257-262.</text>
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                <text>Kalpana Corporation</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 2537141; CODEN: IJEPD</text>
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                <text>Pavithra R., School of Law, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India, National Law School of India University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 072, India; Sriraam S., Department of Law, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 610 005, India</text>
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                <text>LET US DREAMS MIGRATION TO A GLOBAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE: DELIVERING A SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL EVENT</text>
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                <text>Thomas L., Department of Psychology, Christ University, Maharashtra, India; Curl A.L., Department of Family Science &amp;amp; Social Work, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States; Thameling C.L., Communication Program, University of Louisiana at Monroe, United States; Vijaya R., Department of Psychology, Christ University, Maharashtra, India; Custer S., Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States</text>
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                <text>Level of green computing based management practices for digital revolution and new india</text>
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                <text>The reality is staring us in the form of global warming, climate changes and air-quality degradation. This reality constitutes an increasing zone on the strategic front. These strategic changes need necessarily to be responded through employees of an organization. Against this backdrop, the Green Information Technology and Green HRM have emerged as a sequel to rapid degradation of our planet due to human activities. Therefore, incorporating the environmentally friendly practices through IT practices, recruitment, training and performance management functions constitute important components of Green IT and HRM. Green information technology is the revolutionary initiatives especially for human resources management practices that lead to digital life towards sustainable society. Keeping this practical and emergent context in view, the present study makes an attempt to develop a framework for assessing the level of green HRM practices actually prevailing in Indian organizations. The requisite data were collected from original sources and clarified with existing sources. The results of the study led to the inference that Information Technology and HRM practices of promoting individual performance needs fine-tuning because any green initiative has necessarily to be a collective exercise by all concerned.  BEIESP.</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 22498958</text>
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                <text>Podder S.K., Dayananda Sagar College of Arts, Science and Commerce, India; Samanta D., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Level of green computing based management practices for digital revolution and New India /</text>
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                <text>International Journal of engineerig And Advanced Technology, Vol.8, Issue 3, pp.133-136, ISSN No: 2249-8958.</text>
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                <text>This article introduces a novel boost switched capacitor Inverter (NBSCI) that significantly advances existing designs. Many recently developed multilevel voltage source inverters stand out for their ability to reduce the number of DC sources while markedly improving voltage levels with fewer switching devices. Building on these advancements, our work proposes an innovative inverter arrangement that, utilizing 1 DC source, eight switches and 3 capacitors, achieves 9-level output voltage waveforms. The increased range of voltage levels facilitates the generation of high-quality sine wave output signals with minimal Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Also, this work employs Level shifted - Phase Disposition (LS-PD) pulse width modulation techniques to generate gating signals, ensuring the production of superior output waveforms. The article also presents various simulation results conducted using MATLAB-SIMULINK, providing a comprehensive assessment of the proposed configuration's precise effectiveness under diverse modulation index.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Peter G.; Arun V.; Stonier A.A.; Praghash K.; Jency Rubia J.; Iderus S.</text>
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                <text>The concept of sustainability brought into focus the need for research into how to measure and achieve sustainable growth. The triple bottom line framework and the resource-based view of the firm suggest the need for organisations to look beyond profits and take into consideration the needs and effectiveness of its workforce. Research suggests that an effective workforce can be achieved through constant learning and development. Organisations have also expressed the need for training techniques that are more effective than the traditional methods. Gamification has been proposed as one such technique, and in the current study, the researchers evaluate the effectiveness of gamification in organisational training. For the purpose of the current study, 120 participants were chosen from public sector organisations in India. This is primarily because the technology-enhanced training effectiveness model (TETEM) suggests that the effectiveness of gamification would depend on the culture of the organisation, and prior research has been based in privately owned firms. The findings are in line with the theory of gamified learning and suggest that participants of the gamified module reported higher levels of learning, reaction and learner motivation. Additionally, learner motivation was found to strengthen the impact of gamification on the learning and reaction.  The Author(s) 2022.</text>
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                <text>Nair S., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Mathew J., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; T R., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>During the evolution of the COVID-19 outbreak, the necessity for companies to re-evaluate and restructure themselves is still not greater. It will make sense for things to change in the business operations. Most companies redesigned current existing ways of running business operations and capacity to make choices to benefit. The present condition sees Artificial Intelligence as a significant facilitator for companies to make their existing situation better (recover from their economic crisis), reconsider (prepare for a long-term change) and reinvent (completely re-engineer) their business model for long-term gain. Automated bots that could identify items and carry out duties that were previously reserved for people would make companies and other infrastructures operational around the clock, through more significant numbers, and at a lower cost. Simulated actual working conditions, including labour forces, would be created by using Artificial intelligence platforms. Businesses would use machine learning and sophisticated business intelligence to use artificial intelligence to explore better market dynamics and provide consumers with "hyper-personalized" goods. Some of the most compelling case studies can have human intelligence and expertise mixed with AI. Many firms should revamp current business processes and capacity to benefit the company in the near future. In this research paper, we have showcased how artificial intelligence would benefit businesses as they adopt with these current developments and during a condition of pandemic without inhibiting their activities. The research is carried in a descriptive way, choosing the diverse sectors in the economy like Banking &amp;amp; Finance, Manufacturing, Education, Retail, Telecommunications, Entertainment and media to make the research more robust and reliable.  2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Basha M.D.S.A., GITAM School of Business, Gandhi Institute of Technology, Management GITAM University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Raju R.P.K., GITAM School of Business, Gandhi Institute of Technology, Management GITAM University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Sucharitha M.M., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; SaravanaKrishnan V., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Leveraging Blockchain Technology forInternet ofThings Powered Banking Sector</text>
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                <text>Banking; Blockchain technology; Internet of Things (IoT); Smart contract; Swoc (strength weakness</text>
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                <text>Banking sector contributes to 70% of Indian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and for India to meet its economic aspirations, it should enable this vivacious sector to grow at 810 times of its current pace, in the next ten years. This pace of active growth requires a double engine of sophisticated technology and a tech enabled, scalable, and a secured banking system. Implementing BlockchainTechnology (BCT) in the banking sector, provides a realistic solution which when coupled with devices connected by the Internet of Things(IoT), will result in secured, fast-paced, cost effective, and transparent growth of the sector. The prevalence of personalized banking, secured banking, connected banking, and digital banking are use cases, made possible through interface with IoT. This chapter delves into the opportunities in the banking sector to be explored and challenges to be met in the BCT-IoT implementation process. BCT- and IoT-based opportunities such as peer-to-peer lending, Know Your Customer (KYC) updation, Cross-border transfer payments, syndicate lending, fraud reduction are some of the banking operations that are elaborated. To strengthen the banking network, the consensus algorithm of Blockchainnetwork is much required and the use of IoT devices to act as nodes is pertinent. The blend of both in the banking space has to be further reinforced.  2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, Vol-112, pp. 181-207.</text>
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                <text>Surekha N., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Sangeetha R., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Aarthy C., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Kavitha R., School of Sciences, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Anuradha R., School of Business and Management, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Leveraging Deep Autoencoders for Security in Big Data Framework: An Unsupervised Cloud Computing Approach</text>
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                <text>anomaly detection; big data; cloud computing; deep autoencoder; encryption; security</text>
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                <text>Abnormalities recognition in bank transaction big data is the number one issue for stability of financial security system. Due to the rate digital transactions are increasing it is vital to have effective ways. Encryption with deep autoencoder model should be explored as it involves trained neural networks that learn such patterns from the complex transaction data. The following paper demonstrates application of anomaly detection using deep autoencoders in the banking big data transactions. It focuses on the theoretical bases, network design, preparedness and the testing measures for deep autoencoders. On the other hand, it solves problems such as high dimensionality and imbalanced dataset. This research paper shows deep autoencoders effectiveness in deep learning and how the network identifies different fraudulent big data transactions, money laundry and unauthorized access. It also encompasses recent developments of cloud environments and future methods using deep autoencoders including the fact that constant search for new possible solutions is a must. The insights delivered contribute to the discourse in financial security community, which incorporates researchers, practitioners, and policymakers involved in anomaly detection in cloud.   2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCOT61034.2024.10515899" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCOT61034.2024.10515899&lt;/a&gt;
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                <text>Roy S., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bangalore, India; Nijaguna G.S., S.E.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Department of Information Science and Engineering, Bangalore, India; Shankar S.S., Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Dept of Ece, Bengaluru, India; Adnan M.M., The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Umaeswari P., R.M.K. Engineering College, Department of Computer Science and Business Systems, Tamil Nadu, Kavaraipettai, India</text>
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                <text>Leveraging Deep Learning in Hate Speech Analysis on Social Platform</text>
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                <text>The scope and usage of the Internet have surpassed the expected growth and have proven beyond the basic purpose of being used for networking and telecommunications. It serves as the backbone of the web, and one of the predominant domains that uses the Internet is social media. The concept was conceived in the early 1990s and went on to grow as a powerful medium of people networking along with the Internet. Social networking sites (SNS) acquired a predominant element of the Internet owing to their use and services they offer through the Internet. A few of the most used social networking sites include Twitter and Facebook, which are used synonymous to expressions of text. These SNS allow the users to post photos, videos, and other multimedia content along with text and voice messages that are shared among other users. As with any technology or application, these also have the risk of users posting offensive material and textual content. Hate is being spread through messages, which are in the form of text and also through other materials posted. There is no control to check for the message for the hate content as and when it is posted, and by the time it is deleted by admins, it could have already reached millions of users. This chapter proposes a technique for detecting hate texts in reviews from registered users in the Twitter dataset. The proposed work makes use of improved principle component analysis (IPCA) and modified convolution neural network (MCNN) for detecting hate texts. The advantage of natural language processing is used for building an automated system for the analysis of syntax and semantics of the words. The proposed methodology consists of phases like pre-processing, feature extraction, and process to classify the text. The white spaces in the text are removed through normalization in the pre-processing phase, and also remove special characters such as question marks, punctuations, and exclamatory symbols to remove stop words. The features that are pre-processed are then subjected to feature extraction using IPCA. A set of correlated features are made used for identifying more important features in the data set under consideration. Next, the classification is done for identifying the hate text or for any language abuse. MCNN is applied for the classification of the text into HATE and NON-HATE from the text with better accuracy. The experiments prove that the proposed method has a high level of accuracy even for a large dataset. The results show that the proposed method has better performance in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure when compared with other state-of-the-art methods.  2024 Taylor &amp;amp; Francis Group, LLC.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="149533">
                <text>Manikandan R.; Hariharasitaraman S.; Ramkumar S.; Gobinath R.</text>
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                <text>Deep Learning for Smart Healthcare: Trends, Challenges and Applications, pp. 38-53.</text>
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                <text>CRC Press</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003469605-3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003469605-3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192317836&amp;amp;doi=10.1201%2F9781003469605-3&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=7d0447156d86c79b8dbb22c8cc9ebb1e" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192317836&amp;amp;doi=10.1201%2f9781003469605-3&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=7d0447156d86c79b8dbb22c8cc9ebb1e&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 978-104002137-8; 978-103245581-5</text>
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                <text>Manikandan R., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India, School of Business and Management, India; Hariharasitaraman S., Division of Cyber Security and Digital Forensics, Faculty of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT Bhopal University, India; Ramkumar S., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Gobinath R., Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Leveraging digital yarn dyeing for colour consistency in apparel weaving</text>
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                <text>When compared to traditional processes, digital yarn dyeing provides substantial benefits in terms of color control, versatility, and environmental impact. However, technological obstacles and constraints exist. The promise of digital dyeing may be realized by carefully selecting technology, optimizing ink consumption, and adopting stringent quality control methods, resulting in improved colour constancy and a more sustainable textile sector.</text>
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                <text>Punniyamoorthy R.; Sugashwar Prashanth R.S.; Girish Babu M.; Arun Krishnan P.</text>
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                <text>Asian Textile Journal, Vol-33, No. 45908, pp. 49-53.</text>
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                <text>G P S Kwatra</text>
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                <text>Consistent employee performance is necessary for timely achievement and business success. Many key performance indicators influence an employees organizational performance, such as employee satisfaction, employee work environment, relationship with managers and coworkers, work-life balance, and many more. It becomes critical to regularly understand how these factors are connected to employee performance. One such method that is commonly used in companies is workforce analytics. It is a process that uses data-based intelligence for improving and enhancing management decisions in hiring and constructing compensations in alignment with employee performance. This also helps the management make data-based decisions and predictions, which helps in cost reductions and increases the overall profit. This chapter aims to analyze and report the workforce-related data and visualize the performance of 1,470 employees using published IBM human resources (HR) data made available at https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003357070/bb25a486-c036-4524-ab00-446f8eda3fd1/content/www.Kaggle.com xmlns:xlink=https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink&amp;gt;Kaggle.com. The chapter considers the following factors - job involvement, job satisfaction, performance rating, relationship satisfaction, environmental satisfaction, employee tenure, work-life balance, and income level - for data analysis and visualization of employee performance. The chapter aims to adopt descriptive, diagnostic, and predictive analysis using various software like Python, the Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME), and Orange. The visualization will be made using Tableau, Power BI, and Google Data Studio. Thus, the chapter gives a comprehensive insight into the meaning and importance of workforce analytics, different technologies used in workforce analytics, workforce analytics trends and tools, challenges of workforce analytics, and the process of implementation of workforce analytics.  2024 selection and editorial matter, Alex Khang, Sita Rani, Rashmi Gujrati, Hayri Uygun, and Shashi Kant Gupta; individual chapters, the contributors.</text>
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                <text>Saravanakrishnan V., Department of Commerce, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; George G., Department of Commerce, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Joy A.K., Department of Commerce, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Anusha B., Department of Commerce (PG), Krupanidhi Degree College, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>In the age of digital transactions, credit cards have emerged as a prevalent form of payment in smart cities. However, the surge in online transactions has heightened the challenge of accurately discerning legitimate from fraudulent activities. This paper addresses this crucial concern by introducing a pioneering system for detecting fraudulent credit card transactions, particularly within highly imbalanced datasets, in the realm of cybersecurity. This paper proposes a hybrid model to effectively manage imbalanced data and enhance the detection of fraudulent transactions. This paper emphasizes the efficacy of the hybrid approach in proficiently identifying and mitigating fraudulent activities within highly imbalanced datasets, thereby contributing to the reduction of financial losses for both merchants and customers in smart cities. As cybersecurity in smart cities evolves, this paper underscores the significance of ensemble learning and cross-validation techniques in optimizing credit card transaction analysis and fortifying the security of digital payment systems.  2024, Taru Publications. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Padhi B.K., Department of Computer Science &amp;amp; Engineering, Centurion University of Technology &amp;amp; Management, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, 761211, India; Chakravarty S., Department of Computer Science &amp;amp; Engineering, Centurion University of Technology &amp;amp; Management, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, 761211, India; Naik B., Department of Computer Application, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Odisha, Burla, 768018, India; Nayak S.R., School of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India; Poonia R.C., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Delhi-NCR, Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, 201003, India</text>
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                <text>This study primarily aims to estimate consumer spending trends in a retail context. The goal is to identify the best model for predicting Purchasing Scores, which indicate customer loyalty and potential income, using demographic and financial data. The dataset included information about customers' age, gender, and annual income, and the objective was to analyze their Spending Scores. Several regression models were tested, including Linear Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Lasso Regression. To improve the models, we engineered features like Age Squared, Income per Age, and Spending Score per Income. Each model was trained and tested using 3fold cross-validation. We evaluated their performance with Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R-squared (R2) metrics. The results showed significant differences in model performance. The Random Forest model stood out, with the lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.33, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.52, and the highest R-squared (R22) score of 0.9997. Gradient Boosting also performed well, achieving a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.77, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.41, and an Rsquared (R2) score of 0.9930. While Linear Regression showed moderate accuracy, KNN and Lasso Regression had higher errors and lower R2 values, indicating less reliable predictions. The findings suggest that ensemble methods, particularly Random Forest, excel at predicting customer Spending Scores. The high accuracy and reliability of this model point to its potential for customer segmentation and targeted marketing strategies, ultimately enhancing customer relationship management and boosting business value. Further refinement and exploration of additional features could further improve these prediction capabilities.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Prathiba L., Master of Business Administration Ashoka Women's Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool, India; Raja S., R&amp;amp;D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala, Chennai, India; Umadevi A., Alpha College of Engineering, Poonamallee, Department of Management Studies, Chennai, India; Sucharitha M.M., Md Shaik Amzad Basha Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Professional Studies, Bengaluru, India; Basha M.S.A., GITAM (Deemed to Be University), GITAM School of Business, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Leveraging Financial Data to Optimize Automation: An Industry 4.0 approach</text>
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                <text>Industry 4.0 is a transformative approach that leverages advanced technologies to enhance business efficiency and productivity. Automation is a crucial aspect of next-generation industry, and leveraging financial data is essential to optimizing the automation process. This chapter discusses the role of financial data in optimizing automation processes using an I-4.0 approach. Financial data is derived from various sources and can be collected through different methods, such as automated data collection, manual entry, or using sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The integration of these sources can pose challenges for businesses. The chapter outlines techniques for automation optimization, such as machine learning, predictive analytics, and business process reengineering. Optimizing automation using financial data offers various benefits for businesses, including cost savings, improved quality, and increased profitability. However, there are challenges that businesses face in leveraging financial data, including the integration of various data sources and formats and the need for skilled personnel to analyze and interpret the data. The successful implementation of automation and optimization of processes can lead to sustainable growth and enhanced operations, making it crucial for businesses to remain competitive in the I-4.0 era. By leveraging financial data to optimize automation processes, businesses can maximize their potential and drive growth. Overall, this chapter highlights the significance of financial data in automation optimization and provides insights into the benefits and challenges that businesses must consider when leveraging financial data for optimization.  2024 selection and editorial matter, Nidhi Sindhwani, Rohit Anand, A. Shaji George and Digvijay Pandey; individual chapters, the contributors.</text>
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                <text>Mehta K., TAPMI School of Business Manipal University, Jaipur, India; Kulshrestha N., Christ Deemed to be University, Bangalore, India; Sisodia D.R., Department of Management Army Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, India; Dornadula V.H.R., Startups and IIC, Chairman Office, Sree Venkateswara College of Engineering, Nellore, India; Priya P.K., KL Business School, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India; Ranjan R., School of Business and Commerce, Manipal University, Jaipur, India</text>
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                <text>During the past six decades, there has been a lot of emphasis on increasing production and fulfilling the demands of the fast-growing population. As a result, there has been unprecedented utilization and depletion of natural resources and harm to the environment. It was rightly realized by government and policymakers that there is an indispensable need to align economic development with the environment. In other words, the world needs to pursue environmentally friendly economic development. In order to achieve sustainable development, the thought leaders devised a new approach called circular economy. The circular economy focuses on reusing and recycling materials to reduce the consumption of natural resources and minimize waste creation. In recent years, financial technology commonly known as FinTech has become a significant part of commercial activities across many industries. FinTech has benefited organizations and users in terms of cost and time saving with a high degree of reliability. This article outlines the ways in which FinTech supports the cause of a circular economy. It also explores the impediments in this path.  2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC.</text>
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                <text>Fintech for Esg and the Circular Economy, pp. 49-62.</text>
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                <text>Agarwa R., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, India; Fatima M., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, India; Malhotra A., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, India</text>
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