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                <text>The book Graph Theory and Decomposition covers major areas of the decomposition of graphs. It is a three-part reference book with nine chapters that is aimed at enthusiasts as well as research scholars. It comprehends historical evolution and basic terminologies, and it deliberates on decompositions into cyclic graphs, such as cycle, digraph, and K4-e decompositions. In addition to determining the pendant number of graphs, it has a discourse on decomposing a graph into acyclic graphs like general tree, path, and star decompositions. It summarises another recently developed decomposition technique, which decomposes the given graph into multiple types of subgraphs. Major conjectures on graph decompositions are elaborately discussed. It alludes to a comprehensive bibliography that includes over 500 monographs and journal articles. It includes more than 500 theorems, around 100 definitions, 56 conjectures, 40 open problems, and an algorithm. The index section facilitates easy access to definitions, major conjectures, and named theorems. Thus, the book Graph Theory and Decomposition will be a great asset, we hope, in the field of decompositions of graphs and will serve as a reference book for all who are passionate about graph theory.  2024 Jomon Kottarathil, Sudev Naduvath and Joseph Varghese Kureethara.</text>
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                <text>Kottarathil J., St. Josephs College, Moolamattom, India; Naduvath S., CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Kureethara J.V., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Rajagopal M., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Sivasakthivel R., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Kureethara J.V., Christ University, India; Niranjanamurthy M., Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, India; Mallik B.B., Department of Basic Science &amp;amp; Humanities, Institute of Engineering &amp;amp; Management (School of University of Engineering and Management), Kolkata, India</text>
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                <text>This book is a vital resource for anyone looking to understand the essential role of graph theory as the unifying thread that connects and provides innovative solutions across a wide spectrum of modern computer science disciplines. Graph theory is a traditional mathematical discipline that has evolved as a basic tool for modeling and analyzing the complex relationships between different technological landscapes. Graph theory helps explain the semantic and syntactic relationships in natural language processing, a technology behind many businesses. Disciplinary and industry developments are seeing a major transition towards more interconnected and data-driven decision-making, and the application of graph theory will facilitate this transition. Disciplines such as parallel and distributive computing will gain insights into how graph theory can help with resource optimization and job scheduling, creating considerable change in the design and development of scalable systems. This book provides comprehensive coverage of how graph theory acts as the thread that connects different areas of computer science to create innovative solutions to modern technological problems. Using a multi-faceted approach, the book explores the fundamentals and role of graph theory in molding complex computational processes across a wide spectrum of computer science.  2026 Scrivener Publishing LLC.</text>
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                <text>Patil M.A., Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Kumar S., Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Kumar S., CHRIST University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Electric vehicles or portable electronic devices have come to rely heavily upon electrochemical devices, such as rechargeable batteries with optimum charge discharge characteristics, current ratings, charge-discharge rate (rate capability), cyclability etc. to perform under the expected service conditions. One of the goals of a rechargeable battery materials researcher is to fabricate materials to realize solid-state batteries with high reliability and lithium-air batteries with ultimate capacities. Most of the materials although possess high theoretical energy density values: invariably suffer from inferior cyclic performance. The performance of these batteries is guided by the electrodes within these devices which in turn depend upon the materials used to fabricate them. Chemical composition and its uniformity, consistency in microstructural features, and adequate choice of various layers that may be in the form of coatings to be overlaid on the base materials mostly comprised of ceramic oxides such as oxides of Li doped with niobates, manganates, vanadate etc. with carbon or graphene coated over layers to provide with the suitable interfacial conductivity as electrode materials in Li-ion batteries. The interfacial layers and the mechanism of interfacial phenomena encompassing the grains play a significant role in determining the performance. Optimum microstructure is obtained by choosing the right processing equipment and spray drying the composition in slurry form provides the most optimum solution. Further, spray drying offers high potential for a transfer from a lab scale technology to industrial level extrapolation. In this paper, nano graphene has been spray dried along with nano alumina grains in water media and polyvinyl alcohol binder to ascertain the free flowability, consistency in formation of graphene over layer on alumina grains as well as uniformity in graphene on alumina composition. The free flowing spray dried graphene coated alumina powders were analysed via SEM, EDS and XRD and results are presented. Additional information based on a review conducted on published information on most popular compositions in terms of electrode materials such as in Li-ion, sodium-ion etc have also been included. In the review section the rapidly increasing literature on spray drying of solutions and suspensions are also included.  Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.</text>
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                <text>Singh M.; Joshi P.N.; Vattappara K.; Reghu V.R.; Ramaswamy P.</text>
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                <text>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol-988, No. 1</text>
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                <text>The high degree of mechanical, electrical, and thermal conductivity of graphene enables its application in the renewable energy sector. Graphene plays a vital role in diodes, photovoltaic cells, supercapacitors, batteries, and full cells applications and it enhances the existing efficiency in a tremendous way. The addition of graphene can do tremendous effects on all kinds of inorganic and organic materials for solar cells. In the supercapacitor domain, graphene plays a vital role to provide a large surface which can be useful for energy storage applications. The hybrid supercapacitor and battery trends in research and technology have been discussed. The electrical vehicles and green applications need and accomplishments of graphene and its derivatives have also been described.  2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.</text>
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                <text>Kumar M.K.; Muthuvinayagam M.</text>
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                <text>Engineering Materials, pp. 167-193.</text>
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                <text>Anand S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Madhushree R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Jaleel U.C.J.R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Pinheiro D., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Devi K.R.S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Mathew S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Pinheiro D., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Sunajadevi K.R.P., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Graphene, consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms organized in a hexagonal pattern, exhibits exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. The combined effects arising from the synergy of graphene with other materials assume a pivotal role in enhancing the overall performance of energy devices. The initial section of this chapter focuses on the utilization of graphene composites in energy conversion technologies, spanning solar cells, water-splitting devices, and fuel cells. Subsequently, this chapter explores the application of graphene composites in energy storage systems such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Graphene provides a significant surface area, facilitates rapid electron transport, and offers mechanical stability, all positively impacting the energy storage capacity and cyclic stability of these devices. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the current research trends, challenges, and future prospects concerning graphene composites for energy conversion and storage applications.  2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>James N., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Simon S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sreeja P.B., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India</text>
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                <text>Recently, supercapacitors have emerged as one of the potential candidates for electrochemical energy storage applications owing to their excellent capacity properties, high power density, appreciable cyclic stability, and environmentally benign nature. Graphene has paved the way as a supercapacitor electrode because of its exceptional attributes, including its conductivity, and mechanical and electrical properties. The efficiency of supercapacitors has been significantly impeded by the aggregation of graphene layers brought on by the considerable van der Waals attractions. Numerous methods have been developed to get over the limitations and make graphene a prime choice for supercapacitors. It is anticipated that combining graphene with metal oxides will improve its capacitive properties due to the mutual contribution of the individual components. In this chapter, various synthetic methods for graphene-metal oxide-based binary and ternary composites, as well as their application as supercapacitor electrodes, are explained in detail. The current research directions and future scope of graphene-metal oxide-based composites for supercapacitor application are also included.  The Royal Society of Chemistry 2025.</text>
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                <text>Baby A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India; Aswathi V.P., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India; Balakrishnan S.P., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India</text>
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                <text>The development of clean and renewable alternative energy sources is essential due to the rising energy consumption. Advancements in energy conversion and storage technologies, such as fuel cells, batteries, and solar cells, are currently the subject of active research. The unique structure and properties of two-dimensional graphene materials are explored in developing energy devices. The efficient utilization of graphene's enormous specific surface area and exceptional electrical, chemical, and mechanical properties still remains a challenge to researchers due to the agglomeration of its layers. The introduction of metal oxides into these 2D layers helps to enhance their structural and electrochemical stability, which helps in the production of energy storage devices. This chapter discusses the synthesis protocols, tunable properties, as a function of size and shape, and characterization tools. It also provides a deeper understanding of graphene-metal oxide composites in various energy storage devices, highlighting the importance of the synergistic effects between graphene and metal oxides. The chapter concludes with the prospects and potential of graphene-metal oxide composites for energy storage applications.  The Royal Society of Chemistry 2025.</text>
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                <text>Materials, Vol-17, No. 17</text>
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                <text>All Open Access; Gold Open Access</text>
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                <text>Adeshina M.A., School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea; Ogunleye A.M., School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Lee H., School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Mareddi B., Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, 560074, India; Kim H., Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea; Park J., School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea</text>
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                <text>Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) for solar cell applications</text>
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                <text>Energy storage; Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN); Heterostructures; Nanostructures; Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs); Perovskite solar cells; Photovoltaics; Solar cells</text>
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                <text>There is an eminent global energy crisis and photovoltaics as one of the primary renewable energy sources is playing an important part in offsetting the dependency on fossil fuels. Current solar cells technology is dominated by silicon, and researchers are trying to replace it with organic and nanocrystalline semiconducting materials. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, GCN) has gained interest as a visible light driven photocatalyst with a unique 2D structure, excellent chemical stability and tunable electronic structure along with attractive optoelectronic properties. Pure GCN suffers from low surface area and rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs resulting in low photovoltaic and photocatalytic activity and hence modification by doping with other atoms is required. Photocatalytic applications of GCN based nanomaterials for water splitting, hydrogen production, CO2 reduction and pollutant degradation has been extensively investigated and systematically reviewed. However, their applications as energy storage has been explored recently and there is a lack of comprehensive review that systematically summarizes the application of GCN and GCN-based heterostructures for solar cell applications. Heterojunctions with superior light absorption and appropriate conduction band and valence band alignment is a promising approach for the applications in efficient environmental remediation and solar energy storage. This critical review summarizes the synthesis and advances of GCN nanocomposites modified with semiconductors (TiO2, ZnO), bismuth titanate, strontium titanate and rare earth metals for solar cell applications. GCN-based heterostructures with perovskite and polymer based materials are also presented. The characteristics and transfer mechanism within the various heterojunctions is also reviewed and presented. The review ends with a summary and some perspectives on the challenges and new directions in exploring GCN-based advanced nanomaterials particularly towards photovoltaics and energy storage applications.  2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157774">
                <text>Murthy H.</text>
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                <text>Nanoscale Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Synthesis and Applications, pp. 225-276.</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 978-012823034-3</text>
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                <text>Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Kanminike, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Graphitization of coal by bio-solubilization: Structure probe by Raman spectroscopy</text>
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                <text>Amorphous carbon; Deconvolution; Defect; Raman spectroscopy</text>
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                <text>Raman spectra of two coal samples of different rank have been examined with Raman spectrometer operating at an excitation wavelength of 514.5 nm. Raman studies manifested the presence of G band conforming the first order scattering of E2g mode. The sp3 domains at about 1355 cm-1 (D band) is an evidence to edge planes and disordered structures. Analysis by curve fitting the first order spectrum justified the presence of G, D1, D2, D3 and D4 bands. The integrated intensity ratio IG/ID? is found to be 3.66 and 5.8 while the ID/ID? ratio is estimated to be about 3 and 4.9 for bituminous and sub-bituminous coal, respectively indicating on-site and hopping defect in the graphene layers. The 2D band is fitted with multiple Lorentian profile has 4 peaks, the intense G?, G?, D + D? and 2D? band at 2445, 2690, 2925 and 3160 cm-1. From the second order spectrum, formation of about 6-8 stacked graphene layers is observed in sub-bitumionus coal.</text>
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                <text>Elcey C.D.; Manoj B.</text>
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                <text>Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol-28, No. 7, pp. 1557-1560.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="137424">
                <text>Chemical Publishing Co.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19750" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19750&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84964692144&amp;amp;doi=10.14233%2Fajchem.2016.19750&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=6ce2f6357eb9b76164b9b7e1d9c7629c" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84964692144&amp;amp;doi=10.14233%2fajchem.2016.19750&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=6ce2f6357eb9b76164b9b7e1d9c7629c&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="137427">
                <text>All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access</text>
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                <text>Two mathematical fields that concentrate on creating and analyzing structures are algebra and graph theory. There are numerous studies linking algebraic structures like groups, rings, fields and vector spaces with graph theory. Several algebraic graphs have been defined based on the properties of the order of the group and its elements. In this paper, we systematically review the literature on such graphs to understand the research dynamics in the field.  2024 World Scientific Publishing Company.</text>
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                <text>Madhumitha S., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Naduvath S., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India</text>
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                <text>For a given simple graph G = (V,E), the two distance forcing number Z2d (G) is defined as the minimum cardinality among all Z2d-sets in G. This paper examine about Z2d (G) of some graphs with large diameter. Also we determine the 2-distance forcing number of some complement graphs.  2021 the author(s).</text>
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                <text>Journal of Mathematical and Computational Science, Vol-11, No. 2, pp. 1810-1837.</text>
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                <text>Premodkumar K.P., Department and Research Center of Mathematics, St. Josephs College, Devagiri, Calicut, Kerala, India; Dominic C., Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, India; Chacko B., Department and Research Center of Mathematics, St. Josephs College, Devagiri, Calicut, Kerala, India</text>
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