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                <text>Development ofNew Fidelity Theorems inQuantum Communication</text>
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                <text>Mukhopadhyay D., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Bhattacharyya S., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Plato J., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Zelinka I., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Snasel V., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic</text>
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                <text>Fidelity estimates the closeness or degree of overlap between a pair of unknown quantum systems. In quantum information processing study, a primary task is to estimate the fidelity of a pure states pair in a 2-dimensional Hilbert space or between a mixed state, ?, and pure state existing in N dimensional Hilbert space while transmitting them through noisy environments. This paper suggests two theorems to estimate fidelity while proving and justifying them numerically. The first theorem computes fidelity between pure states and the second estimates fidelity between mixed and pure states. The mathematical basis of the theorems confirms accuracy in estimation while dealing with single- and multiqubit system environments.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026.</text>
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                <text>Mukhopadhyay D., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Bhattacharyya S., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Platos J., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Zelinka I., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Snasel V., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Palodhi K., Department of of Applied Optics and Photonics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India</text>
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                <text>Photonic quantum computation has emerged as a promising paradigm for scalable and fault-tolerant quantum computing, leveraging the unique properties of photons, such as low decoherence and ease of manipulation. Recent advancements in integrated photonics, reduction of noise and error correction, and entanglement distribution have significantly enhanced the feasibility of large-scale photonic quantum processors. This article comprehensively reviews the latest developments in single-photon qubits, photonic quantum gates, photonic chips capable of performing quantum operations and communications, and hybrid quantum architectures. We also discuss breakthroughs in optimizing fidelity in quantum gates, reducing error rates, and chip-based quantum circuits that contribute to the rapid progress in this field. Furthermore, we analyze key challenges, including loss mitigation, ensuring the sustained preservation of quantum coherence across long distances, and the effect of temperature fluctuations and coupling between adjacent photonic waveguides while exploring potential solutions. By synthesizing recent research trends, this review aims to offer insights into the future trajectory of photonic quantum computation and its role in advancing quantum technologies.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.</text>
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                <text>Mukhopadhyay, Rishav; Jha, Deepak</text>
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                <text>Elevating Brand Loyalty With Optimized Marketing Analytics and AI;pp.133-158</text>
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                <text>Mukhopadhyay R., Christ University, India; Jha D., Christ University, India</text>
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                <text>This book chapter aims to provide information on the role of social media as a Digital Platform or Tool for emerging brands. It aims to find how emerging brands can use social media as digital platform to enhance brand awareness, engagement, reputation and consumer loyalty. This chapter also addresses the effect of Covid-19 pandemic which accelerated social media's role in marketing, as brands sought new ways to interact with consumers online. Additionally, it underscores the increasing complexity of brand loyalty in social media era where influencer marketing significantly impacts consumer perception. The Chapter also reveals the importance of Instagram marketing for emerging brands in building brand awareness. It also helps in fostering engagement with consumers, driving brand loyalty to create a strong online presence and differentiate themselves in the competitive market.  2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing.</text>
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                <text>Tunable Capacitive Behavior in Metallopolymer-based Electrochromic Thin Film Supercapacitors</text>
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                <text>capacitance; coordination polymers; electrochromic; metal-organic; supercapacitors</text>
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                <text>Volumetric capacitance is a more critical performance parameter for rechargeable power supply in lightweight and microelectronic devices as compared to gravimetric capacitance in larger devices. To this end, we report three electrochromic metallopolymer-based electrode materials containing Fe2+as the coordinating metal ion with high volumetric capacitance and energy densities in a symmetric two-electrode supercapacitor setup. These metallopolymers exhibited volumetric capacitance up to 866.2 F cm-3at a constant current density of 0.25 A g-1. The volumetric capacitance (poly-Fe-L2: 544.6 F cm-3&amp;gt; poly-Fe-L1: 313.8 F cm-3&amp;gt; poly-Fe-L3: 230.8 F cm-3at 1 A g-1) and energy densities (poly-Fe-L2: 75.5 mWh cm-3&amp;gt; poly-Fe-L1: 43.6 mWh cm-3&amp;gt; poly-Fe-L3: 31.2 mWh cm-3) followed the order of the electrical conductivity of the metallopolymers and are among the best values reported for metal-organic systems. The variation in the ligand structure was key toward achieving different electrical conductivities in these metallopolymers with excellent operational stability under continuous cycling. High volumetric capacitances and energy densities combined with tunable electro-optical properties and electrochromic behavior of these metallopolymers are expected to contribute to high performance and compact microenergy storage systems. We envision that the integration of smart functionalities with thin film supercapacitors would warrant the surge of miniaturized on-chip microsupercapacitors integrated in-plane with other microelectronic devices for wearable applications.  2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Mukkatt I.; Mohanachandran A.P.; Nirmala A.; Patra D.; Sukumaran P.A.; Pillai R.S.; Rakhi R.B.; Shankar S.; Ajayaghosh A.</text>
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                <text>ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol-14, No. 28, pp. 31900-31910.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c05744" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c05744&lt;/a&gt;
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                <text>ISSN: 19448244; PubMed ID: 35791964</text>
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                <text>Mukkatt I., Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Mohanachandran A.P., Material Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Department of Physics, University of Kerala, Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, India; Nirmala A., Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Patra D., Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Sukumaran P.A., Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Pillai R.S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Rakhi R.B., Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India, Material Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India; Shankar S., Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Ajayaghosh A., Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR - NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India</text>
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                <text>CMT-CNN: colposcopic multimodal temporal hybrid deep learning model to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia</text>
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                <text>Attention mechanism; Cervical cancer; Deep learning; EfficientNet; Specular reflections</text>
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                <text>Cervical cancer poses a significant threat to women's health in developing countries, necessitating effective early detection methods. In this study, we introduce the Colposcopic Multimodal Temporal Convolution Neural Network (CMT-CNN), a novel model designed for classifying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by leveraging sequential colposcope images and integrating extracted features with clinical data. Our approach incorporates Mask R-CNN for precise cervix region segmentation and deploys the EfficientNet B7 architecture to extract features from saline, iodine, and acetic acid images. The fusion of clinical data at the decision level, coupled with Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling-based classification, yields remarkable results: an accuracy of 92.31%, precision of 90.19%, recall of 89.63%, and an F-1 score of 90.72. This achievement not only establishes the superiority of the CMT-CNN model over baselines but also paves the way for future research endeavours aiming to harness heterogeneous data types in the development of deep learning models for cervical cancer screening. The implications of this work are profound, offering a potent tool for early cervical cancer detection that combines multimodal data and clinical insights, potentially saving countless lives.  2024, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L.; Thomas J.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics, Vol-10, No. 2, pp. 317-332.</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v10i2.1527" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v10i2.1527&lt;/a&gt;
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                <text>ISSN: 24426571</text>
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                <text>Mukku L., CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Kengeri, Bangalore, 560074, India; Thomas J., CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Kengeri, Bangalore, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>EGMM: removal of specular reflection with cervical region segmentation using enhanced Gaussian mixture model in cervix images</text>
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                <text>Cervical region; Colposcopy; Enhanced Gaussian mixture model; Mexican axolotl optimization; Specular reflection</text>
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                <text>Colposcopy is a crucial imaging technique for finding cervical abnormalities. Colposcopic image evaluation, particularly the accurate delineation of the cervix region, has considerable medical significance.Before segmenting the cervical region, specular reflection removal is an efficient one. Because, cervical cancer can be found using a visual check with acetic acid, which turns precancerous and cancerous areas whiteand these could be viewed as signs of abnormalities. Similarly, bright white regions known as specular reflections obstruct the identification of aceto-whiteareas and should therefore be removed. So, in this paper, specular reflection removal with segmentingthe cervix region ina colposcopy image is proposed. The proposed approach consists of two main stages, namely, pre-processing and segmentation. In the pre-processing stage, specular reflections are detected and removed using a swin transformer. After that, cervical regions are segmented using an enhanced Gaussian mixture model (EGMM). For better segmentation accuracy, the best parameters of GMM are chosen via the adaptive Mexican Axolotl Optimization (AMAO) algorithm. The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Jaccard index, and dice coefficient, and the efficiency of the suggested strategy is compared with various methods.  The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, 560065, India; Thomas J., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, 560065, India</text>
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                <text>TelsNet: temporal lesion network embedding in a transformer model to detect cervical cancer through colposcope images</text>
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                <text>Cervical cancer; Colposcopy; Deep learning; Lesions; Transformer architecture</text>
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                <text>Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent malignancy among women globally. Timely identification and intervention in cases of cervical cancer hold the potential for achieving complete remission and cure. In this study, we built a deep learning model based on self-attention mechanism using transformer architecture to classify the cervix images to help in diagnosis of cervical cancer. We have used techniques like an enhanced multivariate gaussian mixture model optimized with mexican axolotl algorithm for segmenting the colposcope images prior to the Temporal Lesion Convolution Neural Network (TelsNet) classifying the images. TelsNet is a transformer-based neural network that uses temporal convolutional neural networks to identify cancerous regions in colposcope images. Our experiments show that TelsNet achieved an accuracy of 92.7%, with a sensitivity of 73.4% and a specificity of 82.1%. We compared the performance of our model with various state-of-the-art methods, and our results demonstrate that TelsNet outperformed the other methods. The findings have the potential to significantly simplify the process of detecting and accurately classifying cervical cancers at an early stage, leading to improved rates of remission and better overall outcomes for patients globally.  2023, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics, Vol-9, No. 3, pp. 502-523.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri, Bangalore, 560074, India; Thomas J., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri, Bangalore, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>Deep learning; Emotion recognition; Facial image analysis; LBP-TOP; Micro-expression recognition; Micro-expressions; Optical flow</text>
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                <text>Facial expression analysis to understand human emotion is the base for affective computing. Until the last decade, researchers mainly used facial macro-expressions for classification and detection problems. Micro-expressions are the tiny muscle moments in the face that occur as responses to feelings and emotions. They often reveal true emotions that a person attempts to suppress, hide, mask, or conceal. These expressions reflect a persons real emotional state. They can be used to achieve a range of goals, including public protection, criminal interrogation, clinical assessment, and diagnosis. It is still relatively new to utilize computer vision to assess facial micro-expressions in video sequences. Accurate machine analysis of facial micro-expression is now conceivable due to rapid progress in computational methodologies and video acquisition methods, as opposed to a decade ago when this had been a realm of therapists and assessment seemed to be manual. Even though the research of facial micro-expressions has become a longstanding topic in psychology, this is still a comparatively recent computational science with substantial obstacles. This paper a provides a comprehensive review of current databases and various deep learning methodologies to analyze micro-expressions. The automation of these procedures is broken down into individual steps, which are documented and debated.  2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.</text>
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                <text>Cervical cancer is a leading cause of mortality in third world countries. Although there are multiple ways of screening cervical cancer, colposcope image analysis is considered to be standard routine method of diagnosis. Due to factors like lack of skilled personnel and interobserver variability, there is a need for automated diagnostic support for cervical cancer. However, artificial intelligence solutions for medical image analysis done through deep and machine learning models require high quality, non-erroneous and sufficient amount of data. Owing to the lack of such established benchmark datasets for the colposcope images, this work aims at establishing a standard benchmark multi state colposcope image dataset that also contains clinical findings pertaining to each case. In order to establish the quality of the images, mask R-CNN method is used for segmenting the images. Subsequently, a series of IMAGENet pretrained deep learning models are deployed on the dataset to evaluate the performance. The dataset will be made available upon request for strictly research purposes.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.</text>
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                <text>cervical cancer; cervigram; cervix; colposcope; Segmentation</text>
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                <text>Cervical cancer has been one of the common causes for mortality by cancer in women across the world. But there are currently not enough skilled colposcopists, and the training process is drawn out. This implicates that there is a significant scope for artificial intelligence based computational models for segmentation of colposcope images. This paper proposes a segmentation network to accurately segment the cervix region and acetowhite lesions in a cervigram. This research can lay a foundation for research aiming to classify the cervix malignancy using AI. The method performed with a precision of 0.73870.1541, accuracy of 0.9291, recall of 0.79120.1439, a dice score of 0.74310.1506 and specificity of 0.95890.0131. The results prove that the model is reliable and robust.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L., Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Thomas J., Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>A Lesion Feature Engineering Technique Based on Gaussian Mixture Model to Detect Cervical Cancer</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168777">
                <text>Cervical cancer; Deep learning; Expectation maximization; Gaussian mixture modelling; Lesion feature extraction; Segmentation</text>
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                <text>Latest innovations in technology and computer science have opened up ample scope for tremendous advances in the healthcare field. Automated diagnosis of various medical problems has benefitted from advances in machine learning and deep learning models. Cancer diagnosis, prognosis prediction and classification have been the focus of an immense amount of research and development in intelligent systems. One of the major concerns of health and the reason for mortality in women is cervical cancer. It is the fourth most common cancer in women, as well as one of the top reasons of mortality in developing countries. Cervical cancer can be treated completely if it is diagnosed in its early stages. The acetowhite lesions are the critical informative features of the cervix. The current study proposes a novel feature engineering strategy called lesion feature extraction (LFE) followed by a lesion recognition algorithm (LRA) developed using a deep learning strategy embedded with a Gaussian mixture model with expectation maximum (EM) algorithm. The model performed with an accuracy of 0.943, sensitivity of 0.921 and specificity of 0.891. The proposed method will enable early, accurate diagnosis of cervical cancer.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-868, pp. 63-75.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L., CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Kengeri, Bangalore, 560074, India; Thomas J., CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Kengeri, Bangalore, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>Multimodal Early Fusion Strategy Based on Deep Learning Methods for Cervical Cancer Identification</text>
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                <text>It is essential to enhance the accuracy of automatic cervical cancer diagnosis by combining multiple forms of information obtained from a patients primary examination. However, existing multimodal systems are not very effective in detecting correlations between different types of data, leading to low sensitivity but high specificity. This study introduces a deep learning system for automatic diagnosis of cervical cancer by incorporating multiple sources of data. First, a convolutional neural network (CNN) to transform the image database to a vector that can be combined with non-image datasets is used. Subsequently, an investigation of jointly the nonlinear connections between all image and non-image data in a deep neural network is performed. Proposed deep learning-based method creates a unified system that takes advantage of both image and non-image data. It achieves an impressive 89.32% sensitivity at 91.6% specificity when diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia on a wide-ranging dataset. This result is far superior to any single-source system or prior multimodal approaches.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-865, pp. 109-118.</text>
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