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                <text>Digital Forensics Chain of Custody Using Blockchain</text>
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                <text>In todays world, Digital Forensics is a crucial subject with much scope as data storage becomes more decentralised. The collection and preservation of digital media is a topic of concern across the Cyber Security and Digital Forensics field. With Cloud Infrastructure and other technologies, data is not permanently stored in one place and gathering and analysing it can become a headache for Forensic Investigators. Blockchain, however, works as a decentralised, distributed peer-to-peer network and thus can be considered a suitable solution for the mentioned problems. With the help of a blockchain network and Smart Contracts, Digital Forensics can be significantly improved to adapt to modern digital architecture.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-1207 LNNS, pp. 63-73.</text>
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                <text>Fernando C.A., Christ University, Bangalore, India, North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russian Federation; Thomas R., Christ University, Bangalore, India, North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russian Federation; Mary Anita E.A., Christ University, Bangalore, India, North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russian Federation; Lapin V., Christ University, Bangalore, India, North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russian Federation</text>
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                <text>Experimental Investigation of Nano Hexagonal Boron Nitride Reinforcement in Aluminum Alloys Through Casting Method</text>
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                <text>AA 7050; Aluminum metal matrix composites; Nano hexagonal boron nitride; Nanocomposites; Sir casting</text>
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                <text>Aluminum metal matrix composites (AlMMCs) have a significant impact on a variety of industries that seek for innovation, efficiency, and sustainability. AlMMCs are substantial because of the special combination of properties that make them an essential part of contemporary production and design. Custom made properties of the AlMMCs can be obtained by the reinforcing different ceramic particles. Among the reinforcements, nano hexagonal boron nitride were rarely used. Hexagonal boron nitride particles have self-lubrication properties and it is one of the promising substitutes of graphite. The incorporation of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a reinforcement material in aluminum alloys has garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper provides an overview of the reinforcement of nano hBN in aluminum alloys through casting method and highlights the mechanical and thermal properties of these alloys. The results show that the wear rate of the composite at 2wt.% is 9.91% lower for a load of 40 N when compared to unreinforced composite. Furthermore, the impact of hBN content, dispersion, and processing parameters on the properties of the composites is analyzed. The unique structural and thermal properties of hBN, along with excellent lubricating abilities, make it a promising candidate for reinforcing aluminum composites.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.</text>
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                <text>Menachery N.; Thomas S.; Deepanraj B.</text>
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                <text>Springer Proceedings in Physics, Vol-415 SPP, pp. 311-318.</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 9308989; ISBN: 978-303169965-8</text>
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                <text>Menachery N., Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jyothi Engineering College, Kerala, Thrissur, India; Thomas S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Deepanraj B., Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mo-hammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia</text>
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                <text>Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Social Media Marketing Strategies</text>
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                <text>The use of social media is increasing as the use of smartphones is increasing, various applications on smartphones are now becoming good platform for market. As the use of smartphones is increasing the use of different artificial intelligence (AI) technologies making the phones smarter. The social media is now one of the most globally crowded platforms with millions of users. Most of the businesses are now turning their marketing strategies by highlighting the digital marketing from various platforms. Thus, the focus of study is to find the increasing impact of AI on the social media related marketing strategies. Different studies highlight the different impacts of social media and marketing using different AI tools and platforms which makes customer to find the best product as per their choice. So, social media marketing has become simpler and more adaptable thanks to the development of artificial intelligence.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Tripathi S.; Tiwari A.; Singh S.; Sani A.; Aswale N.; Patil A.</text>
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                <text>Proceedings - 2024 International Conference on Healthcare Innovations, Software and Engineering Technologies, HISET 2024, pp. 383-385.</text>
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                <text>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.</text>
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                <text>Tripathi S., Christ (Deemed to Be) University, Delhi, India; Tiwari A., Christ (Deemed to Be) University, Delhi, India; Singh S., Sharda University, Sharda School of Business Studies, Uttar Pradesh, India; Sani A., Brainware University, Management School of Management and Commerce, Kolkata, India; Aswale N., Vishwakarma University, Faculty of Commerce and Management, Pune, India; Patil A., Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Karad, India</text>
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                <text>Enhancing Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease through Feature Optimization Methods</text>
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                <text>cardiovascular diseases are the most common reason for mortality around the world. Early detection of the ailment can help to reduce the mortality rate considerably. The ever-growing technologies like machine learning algorithms and deep learning models can be used for this purpose. The AI models thus developed can be used for health sector for assisting doctors in assessing the stage of the disease and detection and tracking of the clots in the cardio blood vessels. The proposed work uses two benchmark datasets for analysing the performance of various machine learning algorithms including KNN, Nae Bayes, Decision Tree and Random Forest. The performance was compares based on the AUC %. The method feature reduction were used here to reduce the computational complexity of the model. The results show that Random Forest Algorithm gave the best result when compared to other algorithms in case of UCI dataset and MLP classifier gave best results for Kaggle dataset.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Shahabadkar R., Department of CSE, AMC Engineering College, Karnataka, Bangaluru, 560083, India; Nandeeswar S.B., Department of CSE (AIML), AMC Engineering College, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Soman R., Department of CSE, BNM Institute of Technology, Banashankari Stage II, Karnataka, Bangaluru, 560070, India; Sangeetha G., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Phishing attacks exploit user vulnerabilities in cybersecurity awareness by tricking them to fake websites designed to steal confidential data. This study proposes a method for detecting phishing URLs using machine learning. The proposed method analyzes various URL characteristics, such as length, subdomain levels, and the presence of suspicious patterns, which are key indicators of phishing attempts. Gradient Boosting was selected due to its robustness in handling complex, non-linear relationships between features, making it particularly effective in distinguishing between legitimate and phishing URLs, by evaluating the Gradient Boosting classifier on a dataset with 10,000 entries and 50 features, the method achieves an accuracy of 99%.This approach has the potential to enhance web browsers with add-ons or middleware that alert users from potential phishing sites which will be based solely on URL.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Garnayak S., C.V Raman Global University, Computer Science And Engineering, Bhubaneswar, India; Kumar A., C.V Raman Global University, Computer Science And Engineering, Bhubaneswar, India; Sahoo S., C.V Raman Global University, Computer Science And Engineering, Bhubaneswar, India; Gouda B., C.V Raman Global University, Computer Science And Engineering, Bhubaneswar, India; Sharma V., CHRIST University, Computer Science Department, Delhi NCR, India</text>
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                <text>Namitha T.N., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Cse, Bangalore, India; Raghavendra S., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Cse, Bangalore, India; Vinith R., Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, School of Artificial Intelligence, Coimbatore, India</text>
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                <text>In modern era, the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is very essential for the betterment of transport management, autonomous vehicles and especially for safe driving. The statistics suggest that the major severe accidents occur because of drivers drowsiness. The main objective of this work is to give the alert alarm when the driver is falling asleep. In the proposed study, the driver's face is detected using the Viola Jones algorithm, and a novel approach to detecting eye blinks using template matching and a similarity measure. For effective eye tracking, the normalized correlation coefficient is calculated. The correlation score is used to identify eye blinks since a blink causes a significant change in the correlation score. In tracking of mouth yawing finding the darkest region between the lips.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Manjunatha H.T., Department of MCA, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, India; Poornima K.M., Department of CSE, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, India; Danti A., Department of AIML, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Arunkumar K.L., Department of MCA, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, India</text>
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                <text>Shekhar R., School of Computing, Dit University, Dehradun, India; Rana M., School of Sciences, Christ University, Delhi NCR, India</text>
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                <text>Startups face unique challenges in developing viable strategies to create a competitive advantage and achieve long-term success in today's rapid and global business climate. Using tools powered by AI and algorithms, startups may harness massive amounts of data, generate relevant insights, and make intelligent choices across a variety of business processes. The research begins with an examination of the fundamental concepts beneath AI and how they are used in the business sector. It illustrates how organizations may simplify and improve important activities such as market research, customer segmentation, and trend analysis using artificial intelligence (AI), natural language understanding (NLU), as well as predictive analytics. The report also delves into extensive case studies and real-world examples of businesses that have effectively integrated AI into their business decision-making processes. These examples highlight the practical benefits of AI-driven insights that include enhanced resource allocation, customer targeting, as well as operational performance. It highlights the importance of ethical AI methodologies, transparency, and safeguards to ensure unbiased and fair decision-making. Finally, this study demonstrates how AI has the potential to profoundly transform how entrepreneurs design and implement their strategies. By leveraging AI-driven perspectives, startups may handle complex market dynamics with more precision and agility, increasing their chances of enduring and succeeding in a competitive business climate. The study's findings provide a road map for organizations wishing to apply AI in strategic decision-making processes.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Rajendran V., Christ (Deemed to Be) University, Delhi, India; Tiwari A., Christ (Deemed to Be) University, Delhi, India; Tripathi V., Xavier Institute of Management &amp;amp; Entrepreneurship, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Pindiyan A.V., CHRIST University, Department of Data Science, Bangalore, India; Pramila R.M., CHRIST University, Department of Data Science, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Recognition of vehicles under the different weather condition is very challenging. This work aims to recognize vehicles on Indian road in accordance with their visibility. It is important to recognize the surround roadside objects, particularly front and rare vehicles to avoid the accidents. Especially in raining conditions vehicle recognition is rate traffic surveillance cameras get decreases due to water droplets. Hence, we proposed a method for recognition of vehicles on road in rainy condition using image processing in computer vision techniques to improve the recognition rate. In the proposed method, an instance segmentation technique is used to segment the vehicles in Indian road scene and the visual noise and texture features are analysed and computed in the segmented images to recognize the vehicles more accurately in rainy conditions. By integrating the visual noise features with the texture feature and instance segmentation, the accuracy of vehicle recognition is improved. The experimental findings demonstrated that the suggested approach could more accurately predict the visibility of vehicles in rainy weather conditions.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, Vol-1236 LNEE, pp. 421-430.</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 18761100; ISBN: 978-981975865-4</text>
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                <text>Arunkumar K.L., Department of MCA, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, India; Poornima K.M., Department of CSE, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, India; Danti A., Department of AIML, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Manjunatha H.T., Department of MCA, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, India</text>
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                <text>James E., CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Data Science, Lavasa, India; Jacob L., CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Data Science, Lavasa, India; Reddy K.B., CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Data Science, Lavasa, India</text>
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                <text>The healthcare sector has suffered from wastage of resources and poor service delivery due to the significant impact of appointment no-shows. To address this issue, this paper uses explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to identify major predictors of no-show behaviours among patients. Six machine learning models were developed and evaluated on this task using Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUC-PR) and F1-score as metrics. Our experiment demonstrates that Support Vector Classifier and Multilayer Perceptron perform the best, with both scoring the same AUC-PR of 0.56, but different F1-scores of 0.91 and 0.92, respectively. We analysed the interpretability of the models using Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanation (LIME) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The outcome of the analyses demonstrates that predictors such as the patients' history of missed appointments, the waiting time from scheduling time to the appointments, patients' age, and existing medical conditions such as diabetes and hypertension are essential flags for no-show behaviours. Following the insights gained from the analyses, this paper recommends interventions for addressing the issue of medical appointment no-shows.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Yiye V., Robert Gordon University, School of Creative and Cultural Business, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Ugbomeh O., Robert Gordon University, School of Creative and Cultural Business, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Ezenkwu C.P., Robert Gordon University, School of Computing, Engrg.,and Tech, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Ibeke E., Robert Gordon University, School of Computing, Engrg.,and Tech, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Sharma V., Christ University, Computer Science Department, India; Alkhayyat A., Islamic University, College of Technical Engineering, Najaf, Iraq</text>
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                <text>To address congestion in the MAC layer and enhance overall performance, the HS-MLCA is proposed. This algorithm incorporates the principles of both Harmony Search and Laying Chicken Algorithm to optimize resource allocation and congestion control. At the MAC layer, HS-MLCA offers several advantages over traditional congestion control schemes. Firstly, it leverages the Harmony Search algorithm, which is known for its ability to exploit the best outcomes in search processes. By exploring the solution space and exploiting promising regions, HS-MLCA optimizes resource allocation in the MAC layer. The integration of the Laying Chicken Algorithm (LCA) further enhances performance by improving convergence speed and solution accuracy. This hybrid approach leverages the strengths of both Harmony Search (HS) and LCA, resulting in more efficient and effective resource management. The Laying Chicken Algorithm simulates the behavior of laying hens in terms of resource allocation and competition. This approach contributes to provide the solution in quality and convergence speed, as the algorithm adapts to the dynamic nature of the MAC layer and the varying traffic conditions in VANETs. By combining the strengths of Harmony Search and Laying Chicken Algorithm, HS-MLCA offers improved performance in terms of congestion control in the MAC layer. It optimizes resource allocation, minimizes collisions and packet loss, reduces delay, and enhances overall network efficiency. These improvements ultimately lead to better quality of service, increased network capacity, and enhanced user experience in VANETs. It is worth noting that the specific performance improvements and benefits of HS-MLCA may vary depending on the implementation details, network conditions, and the specific VANET scenario.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Manimekala B.; Prabha S.P.; Suresh S.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-1030 LNNS, pp. 161-174.</text>
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                <text>Manimekala B., Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Prabha S.P., Department of Computer Applications, Dayananda Sagar College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bengaluru, India; Suresh S., Department of Computer Applications, Dayananda Sagar College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>In the dynamic landscape of online interactions, cyberbullying has become pervasive, profoundly impacting user's digital well-being. Public figures, especially celebrities and influencers, face heightened vulnerability to online harassment, exacerbated by the post-pandemic surge in social media usage. To address this challenge, our research adopts a holistic approach to detect cyberbullying in text, considering both textual content and the nuanced expressions conveyed through emojis on social media platforms. We employed a diverse set of machine learning and deep learning models, including Support Vector Classifier, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LSTM, Bi-LSTM, GRU, and Bi-GRU, to accurately classify non cyberbullying or cyberbullying text. Beyond classification, our study introduces an offensive rating system, assigning severity ratings on a 1-5 scale to identify cyberbullying instances. A critical aspect is the establishment of a threshold value which depends on user security and safety ethics of different social media platforms; texts surpassing this trigger an automatic recommendation to block the user, ensuring a proactive response to minimize harm. This recent contribution not only comprehensively addresses cyberbullying but also empowers society.  2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Arjun Krishna K., Christ University, Department of Data Science, India; Jadhav D., Christ University, Department of Data Science, India; Vijayalakshmi S., Christ University, Department of Data Science, India; Palathara T.S., Christ University, Department of Data Science, India</text>
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