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                <text>ICT Policy Reforms for Innovation and Economic Development: A Comparative Study of India and China</text>
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                <text>And reforms; Economic development; ICT policies; Information and communication technologies; R&amp;amp;D expenditure</text>
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                <text>The widespread adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has become essential for economic and social growth across the world. This paper aims to examine the impact of ICT policies and reforms on the level of economic development and adoption of ICTs in two countries, India and China. Previous studies have shown the positive impact of ICT adoption on economic growth, productivity, and innovation. However, the effectiveness of specific policy measures in promoting ICT adoption and economic development remains ambiguous to the users of ICT. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the ICT policies and reforms implemented in India and China from 2010 to 2021 and their impact on GDP per capita and internet usage. The study aims to identify and analyze the key ICT policies and reforms implemented in the two countries and examine their impact on economic development. The data for this study have been collected from the World Bank indicators database. The sample consists of the two fastest-growing economies in the world, India and China. The data analysis involves conducting descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis to examine the relationship between ICT policies and reforms and their impact on GDP per capita, internet usage, and research and development expenditure. The findings of this study will contribute to the existing literature on the relationship between ICTs and economic development and provide insights into the policy measures that can promote ICT adoption and economic growth in different contexts.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, Vol-379, pp. 131-139.</text>
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                <text>Das S., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Joseph J.J., School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Multimodal Early Fusion Strategy Based on Deep Learning Methods for Cervical Cancer Identification</text>
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                <text>It is essential to enhance the accuracy of automatic cervical cancer diagnosis by combining multiple forms of information obtained from a patients primary examination. However, existing multimodal systems are not very effective in detecting correlations between different types of data, leading to low sensitivity but high specificity. This study introduces a deep learning system for automatic diagnosis of cervical cancer by incorporating multiple sources of data. First, a convolutional neural network (CNN) to transform the image database to a vector that can be combined with non-image datasets is used. Subsequently, an investigation of jointly the nonlinear connections between all image and non-image data in a deep neural network is performed. Proposed deep learning-based method creates a unified system that takes advantage of both image and non-image data. It achieves an impressive 89.32% sensitivity at 91.6% specificity when diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia on a wide-ranging dataset. This result is far superior to any single-source system or prior multimodal approaches.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L.; Thomas J.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-865, pp. 109-118.</text>
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                <text>Mukku L., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri, 560074, India; Thomas J., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>On C-Perfection of Tensor Product of Graphs</text>
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                <text>C-perfect graphs; Graph minors; Perfect graphs; Product graphs; Tensor product</text>
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                <text>A graph G is C-perfect if, for each induced subgraph H in G, the induced cycle independence number of H is equal to its induced cycle covering number. Here, the induced cycle independence number of a graph G is the cardinality of the largest vertex subset of G, whose elements do not share a common induced cycle, and induced cycle covering number is the minimum number of induced cycles in G that covers the vertex set of G. C-perfect graphs are characterized as series-parallel graphs that do not contain any induced subdivisions of K2,3, in literature. They are also isomorphic to the class of graphs that has an IC-tree. In this article, we examine the C-perfection of tensor product of graphs, also called direct product or Kronecker product. The structural properties of C-perfect tensor product of graphs are studied. Further, a characterization for C-perfect tensor product of graphs is obtained.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Jayakumar G.S.; Sangeetha V.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-865, pp. 235-249.</text>
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                <text>Jayakumar G.S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Sangeetha V., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India</text>
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                <text>Analysis of the UAV Flight Logs in Order to Identify Information Security Incidents</text>
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                <text>The article discusses issues related to the analysis of the UAV flight logs to identify information security incidents that occurred during flights. Existing methods and tools for analyzing logs are described, and sources for obtaining logs are presented. In the main part of the article, first, the parameters important for the analysis are highlighted. The features of analyzing the values in the flight logs for the detection of two types of attacksGPS Spoofing and GPS Jamming are also given. For this purpose, the parameters that are most important for the detection of each of these attacks have been identified, systems of equations have been compiled to analyze these parameters, the calculations of which make it possible to detect the fact of attacks with high efficiency. The paper also presents the developed software that implements a number of functions that allow automating the analysis of flight logs, as well as determining the presence of information security incidents that occurred during the flight.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Basan E.; Peskova O.; Ivanova A.; Ivanov E.; Lapina M.; Mary Anita E.A.; Kumar S.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-865, pp. 415-426.</text>
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                <text>Basan E., Southern Federal University, Taganrog-Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation; Peskova O., Southern Federal University, Taganrog-Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation; Ivanova A., Southern Federal University, Taganrog-Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation; Ivanov E., Southern Federal University, Taganrog-Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation; Lapina M., North Caucasian Federal University, Stavropol, Russian Federation; Mary Anita E.A., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Kumar S., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>On Some Graphs Whose Domination Number Is thePerfect Italian Domination Number</text>
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                <text>Domination number; Independent set; Join operator; perfect italian domination</text>
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                <text>Perfect Italian Domination (PID) is a vertex labelling of a graph G by numbers from the set such that a vertex in G labelled 0 has a neighbourhood where the summation of the labels of the vertices in it is precisely 2. The summation of labels on the vertices of the graph which satisfy the PID labelling is known as its PID number, and is the minimum possible PID number of a graph G. We find some characterization of graphs for which . We also find a lower bound for |V(G)|, which satisfies the same. Further, we discuss the graphs that satisfies or . A realisation problem is used to prove that PID cannot be bounded by a scalar multiple of the Domination number.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Poovathingal A.; Kureethara J.V.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-869 LNNS, pp. 191-200.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168910">
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                <text>ISSN: 23673370; ISBN: 978-981999039-9</text>
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                <text>Poovathingal A., Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Kureethara J.V., Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Identification of Phishing URLs Using Machine Learning Models</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="168917">
                <text>Classifier; Machine learning; Phishing; Prediction; XGBoost</text>
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                <text>In this study, we provide a machine learning-based method for identifying phishing URLs. Sixteen features, including Have IP, Have At, URL Length, URL Depth, Non-standard double slash, HTTPS domain, Shortened URL, Hyphen Count, DNS Record, Domain age, Domain active, iFrame, Mouse Over, Right click, Web Forwards, and Label, were extracted from the 600,000 URLs we gathered as a dataset of legitimate and phishing URLs. We then used this dataset to train a variety of machine learning models. These included standalone models such Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). We also used ensemble models likeHard Voting, XGBoost, Random Forests, and AdaBoost. Finally, we used deep learning models such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN).On evaluation of performance metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, train time and prediction time it was found that XGBoost provides the best performance across all categories.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168919">
                <text>Vivek M.; Premjith N.; Johnson A.A.; Maurya A.K.; Diana Jeba Jingle I.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-865, pp. 209-219.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168921">
                <text>Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168922">
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9043-6_18" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9043-6_18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85190370396&amp;amp;doi=10.1007%2F978-981-99-9043-6_18&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=b7f61840f2e2d55e170f74a847ff0655" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85190370396&amp;amp;doi=10.1007%2f978-981-99-9043-6_18&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=b7f61840f2e2d55e170f74a847ff0655&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 23673370; ISBN: 978-981999042-9</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Vivek M., Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Premjith N., Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Johnson A.A., Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Maurya A.K., Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Diana Jeba Jingle I., Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Enhancing Visual Passwords Using a Grid-Based Graphical Password Authentication to Mitigate Shoulder Surfing</text>
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                <text>Surfing Shoulder Surfing is a secret phrase-based attack which is a serious worry of protection in data security. Alphanumeric passwords are more helpless to attacks like shoulder surfing, dictionary attacks, etc., than graphical passwords. The creation of more muddled, challenging to-break passwords can be made simpler for clients with graphical authentication by consolidating the visuals and memory-based strategies like recall and recognition. In an imaged-based password, the user can choose pixels from the image to use as a secret key in the grid-based strategy, the user-selected image would show up on the screen with a framework overlay on it, and the client can pick explicit lattices to set their secret phrase. Besides, graphical passwords are powerless against shoulder surfing attacks, and due to this, clients are given a one-time made password via email. We investigated the limitations of image-based and grid-based authentication techniques and propose a grid-based graphical authentication system that addresses the limitations of image-based and grid-based techniques. The results of the grid-based graphical technique, as well as the image-based and grid-based approaches, have likewise been differentiated and analyzed. The convenience objective of our authentication system is to assist users in making better password selections, hence boosting security and broadening the usable password field. This method can be employed in many different contexts, such as forensic labs, banking, military, and other scenarios.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168933">
                <text>Mano Paul P.; Berin Jeba Jingle I.; Diana Jeba Jingle I.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="168934">
                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-869 LNNS, pp. 447-455.</text>
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                <text>Lamani M.R., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Kanmanike, Kumbalgudu, Mysor Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Julian Benadit P., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Kanmanike, Kumbalgudu, Mysor Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India</text>
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                <text>Jenefa J., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Anita E.A.M., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Divya V., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Kandan S.R., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Vinodha D., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Foreign Currency Exchange (FOREX) engages a major role in world economy and the international market. It is a vast study based on determining whether or not to wait, buy or sell on a trading currency pair. The main objective is to predict the future currency prices using historical data in order to make more informed and accurate investment decisions for business traders and monetary market. This work experimented and implements ten machine learning strategies namely Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support vector regressor (SVM), Linear SVM, Linear Regression, Ridge, Lasso, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to assess the historical data and help the traders to invest in foreign currency exchange. The dataset used to validate and verify the machine learning algorithms is available in public domain and it is the daily Foreign Currency Exchange price of United States Dollars (USD) to Indian Rupees (INR). The experimented result shows that the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model performs a bit better than the other machine learning models for this particular case. This work straight away does not reject the other methods it rather needs more experimental analysis with other models that has changed architecture and different dataset.   2024 IEEE.</text>
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                <text>Fatima A., Chitkara University Institute of Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; Sarangi P.K., Chitkara University School of Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India; Sahoo A.K., Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India; Dutta M., Chitkara University Institute of Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; Nayak S.R., School of Computer Engineering, Kiit Deemed to Be University, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India; Sinha D., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Delhi NCR, India</text>
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                <text>Mohanty A., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Cherukuri R.C., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Recent years have seen a significant increase in attention in multimodal biometric systems for personal identification especially in unconstrained environments. This paper presents a multimodal recognition system by combining feature level fusion of ear and profile face images. Multimodal biometric systems by combining face and ear can be used in an extensive range of applications because we can capture both the biometrics in a non-intrusive manner. Local texture feature descriptor, BSIF is used to extract discriminative features from biometric templates. Feature level and score level fusion is experimented to improve the performance of the system. Experimental results on different public datasets like GTAV, FEI, etc., show that the proposed method gives better performance in recognition results than individual modality.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol-843, pp. 279-288.</text>
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                <text>Resmi K.R., CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, India; Joseph A., Santhigiri College, Kerala, Thodupuzha, India; George B., Santhigiri College, Kerala, Thodupuzha, India</text>
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                <text>Arabica Coffee Bean Grading into Specialty and Commodity Type Based on Quality Using Visual Inspection</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="169015">
                <text>K nearest neighbors; Object localization; Primary and secondary defects; Specialty coffee; Transfer learning</text>
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                <text>Expanding potential of coffee consumers to seek out the freshest and best flavors is a cause for the rise of specialty coffee inthe market. Specialty coffee is grown and harvestedmaintaining an emphasis on quality and clarity of flavor, whereas commodity coffee is harvested for caffeine content. Within those inclusive categories, arabica and robusta are the two types of main branches of coffee that weencounter in the coffee market. Specialty coffees differ significantly from conventional coffees in that they are cultivated at higher altitudes, can be traced, and are professionally processed after being harvested. The quality is constantly examined and understood at every stage, from growth to brewing. Green arabica quality is assessed by counting the defective beans present in the sample. These defects can be primary (Category I) or secondary (Category II). If the primary defects are null and less than five secondary defects, coffee is said to be a specialty.Prior research has been done on classifying the coffee species and differentiating good beans from bad beans. Our research involves the combination of machine learning like K-NN and deep learning convolutional neural networks for classifying specialty coffee from commodity type using computer vision.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Pragathi S.P.; Jacob L.</text>
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                <text>Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, Vol-1096, pp. 13-20.</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 18761100; ISBN: 978-981997136-7</text>
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                <text>Pragathi S.P., Department of Data Science, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Jacob L., Department of Data Science, Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Review and Design of Integrated Dashboard Model for Performance Measurements</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="169029">
                <text>Analytic hierarchy process (AHP); Balanced scorecard (BSC); Objective matrix (OM); Performance management; Performance measurement</text>
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                <text>This article presents a new approach for performance measurement in organizations, integrating the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and objective matrix (OM) with the balanced scorecard (BSC) dashboard model. This comprehensive framework prioritizes strategic objectives, establishes performance measures, and provides visual representations of progress over time. A case study illustrates the methods effectiveness, offering a holistic view of organizational performance. The article contributes significantly to performance measurement and management, providing a practical and comprehensive assessment framework. Additionally, the project focuses on creating an intuitive dashboard for Fursa Foods Ltd. Using IoT technology, it delivers real-time insights into environmental variables affecting rice processing. The dashboard allows data storage, graphical representations, and other visualizations using Python, enhancing production oversight for the company.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.</text>
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                <text>Roy G., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India; Cherish R.R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India; Prathap B.R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly progressing disease that affects myeloid cells in blood and bone marrow. These abnormal cancerous cells called blast cells are non-functional cells that increase rapidly in bone marrow and are released into blood stream which crowd out the healthy functional cells leading to weak immune system. This life-threatening disease needs to be diagnosed at early stage and hence requires fully automated system for early detection of leukemia to aid pathologists and doctors. Most of the automated machine learning and AI models are not transparent and require techniques to explain model prediction. This paper presents methods to classify blood microscopic images into healthy or acute myeloid leukemia. Among all the methods implemented, Gradient Boosting outperforms with an accuracy of 96.67%. This paper also focuses on explainable AI to interpret model prediction and feature importance which further helps in understanding decision-making process of classification model and optimize it.  2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.</text>
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                <text>Patil A.P., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Hiremath M., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Pawar V., Department of Computer Applications, CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>Indoria D., Department of Commerce, Vikram Dev University, Jeypore, India; Parashar J., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology and Management, Delhi, India; Raha S., Department of Geography, Bhairab Ganguly College, Belgharia, Delhi, India; Himanshi, Department of Information Technology, Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, India; Upreti K., Department of Computer Science Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Ghaziabad, India; Singh J., School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, India</text>
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                <text>In recent years, facial recognition has emerged as a key technological advancement with numerous useful applications in numerous industries. FaceNet, ArcFace, and OpenFace are three widely used techniques for facial identification. In this study, we examined the accuracy, speed, and capacity to manage variations in face expression, illumination, and occlusion of these three approaches over a period of five years, from 2018 to 2023. According to our findings, FaceNet is more accurate than ArcFace and OpenFace, even under difficult circumstances like shifting lighting and facial occlusion. Also, during the previous five years, FaceNet has shown a significant improvement in performance. Even while ArcFace and OpenFace have made significant strides, they still lag behind FaceNet in terms of accuracy. Therefore, based on our findings, we conclude that FaceNet is the most effective method for facial recognition and is well-suited for use in high-stakes applications where accuracy is crucial.  The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.</text>
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                <text>Communications in Computer and Information Science, Vol-1973 CCIS, pp. 222-234.</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 18650929; ISBN: 978-303150992-6</text>
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                <text>Iype J.K., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560001, India; Sebastian S., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560001, India</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="169099">
                <text>BERT; BERT; BidirectionalLSTM; finetuning; hate speech; language model; neural networks; pretraining; sentiment analysis; social media; toxic; toxic comment; twitter</text>
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                <text>People now share their ideas on a wide range of topics on social media, which has become an integral part of contemporary culture. The majority of people are increasingly turning to social media as a necessity, and there are numerous incidents of social media addiction that have been reported. Socialmedia channels. Socialmedia platforms have established their worth over time by bringing individuals from different backgrounds together, but they have also shown harmful side effects that could have serious consequences. One such unfavourable result is how extremely poisonous many discussions on social media are. Online abuse, hate speech, and occasionally outrage culture are now all considered to be toxic. In this study, we leverage the Transformers Bidirectional Encoder Representations to build an efficient model to detect and classify toxicity in user-generated content on social media. The Kaggle dataset with labelled toxic comments, was used to refine the BERT pre-trained model. Other Deep learning models, including Bidirectional LSTM, Bidirectional-LSTM with attention, and a few other models, were also tested to see which performed best in this classification task. We further evaluate the proposed models utilising dataset obtained from Twitter in order to find harmful content (tweets) using relevant hashtags. The findings showed how well the suggested methodology classified and analysed toxic comments.  2024 The Author(s).</text>
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                <text>Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security - Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security, ICABCS 2023, Vol-1, pp. 447-454.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003393580-68" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003393580-68&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186737356&amp;amp;doi=10.1201%2F9781003393580-68&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=4db74d0de19fa6fdc5e8a687f66a6f41" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186737356&amp;amp;doi=10.1201%2f9781003393580-68&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=4db74d0de19fa6fdc5e8a687f66a6f41&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 978-103266966-3</text>
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                <text>Naskar A., Department of Data Science, Department of Data Science CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune, Lavasa, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune, Maharashtra, Lavasa, India; Harchandani R., Department of Data Science, Department of Data Science CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune, Lavasa, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune, Maharashtra, Lavasa, India; Thomas K.T., Department of Data Science, Department of Data Science CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune, Lavasa, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune, Maharashtra, Lavasa, India</text>
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                <text>There have been many developments in predicting stock market prices usingreinforcement learning. Recently, Google released a paper that designed a new loss function,specifically for meta-learning reinforcement learning. In this paper, implementation is doneusing this loss function to the reinforcement learning model, whose objective is to predict thestock price based on certain parameters. The reinforcement learning used is an encoderdecoderframework that is useful for extracting features from long sequence prices. TheDQNReg loss function is implemented in the encoder-decoder model as it could providestrong adaptation performance in a variety of settings. The model can buy and sell the index, and the reward is the portfolio return after the days trading has concluded. To maximizeyield the model must optimize reward function. The DQNReg loss implemented DQN network and the Huber loss DQN network is compared with the Sharpe ratio considered for return.  2024 The Author(s).</text>
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                <text>Sebastian A.; Habis K.V.; Shukla S.</text>
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                <text>Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security - Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security, ICABCS 2023, Vol-1, pp. 58-63.</text>
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                <text>CRC Press/Balkema</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003393580-10" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003393580-10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186684014&amp;amp;doi=10.1201%2F9781003393580-10&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=affeb80f0aeacad64370be9350a3f613" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186684014&amp;amp;doi=10.1201%2f9781003393580-10&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=affeb80f0aeacad64370be9350a3f613&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 978-103266966-3</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="169122">
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                <text>Sebastian A., Department of Computer Science Christ University, Bangalore, India; Habis K.V., Department of Computer Science Christ University, Bangalore, India; Shukla S., Department of Computer Science Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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