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                <text>Pandey, Ananya; Mishra, Achyuta Nanda</text>
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                <text>Farmers Rights: A Euro-Indian Comparison through the lens of Intellectual Property Rights</text>
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                <text>Journal of Intellectual Property Rights;Volume;31;Issue;1;pp.51-60</text>
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                <text>Pandey A., School of law, Christ University, Bangalore, 560 029, India; Mishra A.N., School of law, Christ University, Bangalore, 560 029, India</text>
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                <text>Intellectual Property is profoundly contributing to the field of agriculture. It is used in agriculture to reward innovative breeding procedures that produce new varieties. In emerging nations, farmers have a significant role in the political, social, and economic facets of society. Agriculture provides a substantial amount of work and means of subsistence for people. Plant variety protection regulations are distinct from patent law in both India and European countries. Plant variety protection regulations are distinct from patent law in both India and European countries. This study aims to give a comparative perspective between the European and Indian regime's protection of farmers' rights and plant varieties, as well as the effect of international protocols and conventions. The Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act of 2001 is examined in this study along with its key components. More significantly, the measures that benefit farmers are emphasised, along with the importance of the awards and recognitions that the Indian government has instituted. This paper therefore aims to explore the state of farmers' rights under intellectual property law in two diverse regions: Europe and India.  2026, National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Farmers Right to Seed at the Intersection of Intellectual Property and Human Rights: A Critical Analysis in SocioCultural Context</text>
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                <text>Stimulating Economic Growth Through Cultural and Societal Transformations;pp.57-81</text>
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                <text>Pandey A., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Mishra A.N., Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>The interplay between farmers' Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and Human Rights is significant in socio-cultural transformations. Farmers in traditional and indigenous communities hold centuries of knowledge about biodiversity, sustainable agriculture, and seed management. However, the rise of commercial agriculture, globalization, and stringent IPR regimesoften favoring corporate interestspose challenges to preserving and recognizing this knowledge. This chapter critically examines the intersection between farmers' IPRs and human rights, exploring how evolving frameworks impact cultural identities, societal structures, and the rights of communities to food security, self-determination, and participation in decision-making processes. It discusses the tension between the patenting of genetic resources and the traditional knowledge of farmers, emphasizing the need for equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms. By bridging legal and socio-political perspectives, this chapter aims to highlight policies that uphold farmers' and human rights amidst ongoing socio-cultural transformations. Copyright  2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global Scientific Publishing is prohibited. Use of this chapter to train generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is expressly prohibited. The publisher reserves all rights to license its use for generative AI training and machine learning model development.</text>
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                <text>Pandey, Ananya; Mishra, Achyuta Nanda</text>
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                <text>Technoscientific Impact of Agriculture on Farmers' Seed Sovereignty</text>
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                <text>Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture in the MENA Region;pp.313-335</text>
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                <text>Pandey A., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Mishra A.N., Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>Thetechnoscientifictransformationintheagriculturesectorhassignificantlyaltered the traditional seed system that has profoundly affected the rights of the farmers. The evolution of biotechnology including genetically modified crops, gene editing, hybrid seeds protected under the Intellectual Property regime has reshaped the farmers right to seed sovereignty, sharing, saving and exchanging practices. In the Global South, there exist a wide spectrum of conflict between the technological advancement and the rights of farmers. In light of the above perspective, by tracing the historical shift from community based traditional seed knowledge to corporate based seed and patent technologies, this chapter critically analyzes the innovation perspective that undermined the indigenous practices and farmer led initiatives concerning seed sovereignty. Therefore, this chapter calls for a rights based and inclusiveapproachtowardstheagriculturalinnovationthatsafeguardsseeddiversity and traditional knowledge. Copyright  2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing.</text>
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                <text>ISBN: 979-833733348-9; 979-833733346-5; 979-833733347-2;</text>
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                <text>Trade vis-vis Human Rights of Farmers Under TRIPS</text>
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                <text>Redefining Business in Volatile and Ambiguous Times;pp.135-157</text>
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                <text>Pandey A., Christ University, Bangalore, India; Mishra A.N., Christ University, Bangalore, India</text>
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                <text>The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) plays a crucial role in shaping the global intellectual property system that significantly impacts farmers' rights. In agriculture, TRIPS grants intellectual property protection in the form of patents and plant variety protection. Such protection conflicts with the farmer's rights to save, sow and exchange the seeds. This raises human rights concerns related to farmers such as access to genetic resources and their cultural rights, food security, livelihood that are enshrined under various international human rights instruments such as International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR). This intersection between TRIPS and the human rights of farmers requires a more inclusive approach that balances human rights with innovation. In light of the above perspective, this chapter analyzes farmers' human rights integration under the domain of intellectual property rights protected under TRIPS.  2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Globalization has fueled a knowledge- based economy, and intellectual property rights (IPR) are a key driver of innovation. Agricultural businesses have traditionally not been linked to IPRs since farming and related processes were deemed common and traditional knowledge. Globalization of agriculture presents both threats and opportunities for innovative ideas and inventions. It creates a complex tension between IPRs and human rights of farmers, particularly in developing countries. IPRs restrict farmers' access to traditional seeds, limit ability to save and exchange seeds, and force them into dependence on patented technology. This dependence led to indebtedness, loss of biodiversity, and decline in food security. Providing farmers with access to information, training, and financial resources can help them to make informed decisions about their farming practices and to negotiate with corporations on equitable terms. Keeping in view the above, this chapter provides a comprehensive roadmap to explore the intersection of globalization, intellectual property, and farmers' human rights.  2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>This chapter explores the evolving landscape of Farmers' Rights in the context of intensifying agricultural intellectual property regimes. It critically examines the intersection of international legal frameworks, national legislations, and customary practices that shape farmers access to seeds, biodiversity, and knowledge systems. Through a multidisciplinary lens combining legal theory, environmental justice, and agroecological insights, the chapter interrogates how intellectual property regimes, such as UPOV and TRIPS, impact traditional seed systems, biodiversity conservation, and food sovereignty. It highlights tensions between privatized biotechnological innovations and community- centric stewardship of genetic resources, particularly in the face of climate change and digital sequence information. By tracing the trajectory from soil to statute, farmers' rights emerge from grassroots agricultural practices and struggles, evolving into legal recognition and protection through policy and law.  2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Pandey M., Department of Applied Psychology, Amity institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, UP, India; Rastogi K., School of Humanities &amp;amp; Social Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Delhi, India; Bharti, Department of Computer Application, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjheri, Mohali, India; Srivastava A., Jindal School of Psychology and Counselling, O. P. Jindal Global University, Haryana, Sonipat, India; Farooqui N.A., Department of Computer Science &amp;amp; Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeshwaram, AP, Guntur, India; Khan A.N., Department of Computer Science &amp;amp; Engineering, UESTC, Sichuan, Chengdu, China</text>
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                <text>People's sentiments are the mirror of their cognition, and these sentiments play a very significant role in predicting and shaping one's behaviour. At present the entire world is fighting with this pandemic situation due to the nCOVID-19 outbreak and people are experiencing a variety of sentiments. This research aims to explore various sentiments that people are experiencing during this epidemic. To achieve this objective sentiment analysis was conducted on 30,000 random Twitter comments using R software. Data mining of data was done using three hashtags: #Coronavirus, #Covid19 and #Covid19India. After the analysis, it was found that the nature of people's sentiments about nCOVID-19 is majorly positive. This study also elicits other noticeable patterns of netizen's expression through their comments while combating nCOVID-19. The present research provides insight into the type of sentiments which people are undergoing across the world during this pandemic situation and based on the obtained data, risk prediction can be done, and various awareness programmes can be designed to overcome the present issue which is prevailing worldwide.   2026 Author(s).</text>
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                <text>Pandey M., Department of Psychology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India; Rastogi K., Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Delhi, India; Pal R., Department of Psychology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India; Gupta C., Department of Psychology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India; Agrawal M., Rekhi Amity Centre of Excellence and Science of Positivity and Happiness, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India; Chakravarty R.T., Amity Institute of Education, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India; Zaidi S.Z.H., Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India</text>
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                <text>Background: Amid the fast-paced world, nature has a therapeutic modality for healing individuals both physiologically and psychologically. One such practice mentioned in an ancient Indian text is Vanacharya, which provides a deep connection with nature and a means of achieving overall well-being. Vancharya is a practice with profound roots in Indian spiritual and philosophical traditions that view the environment as a sacred and valuable source of knowledge and healing. Purpose: This purpose of this experimental research is to explore the therapeutic benefits of vancharya, in healing subtle systems of energy or the biofield present within the body like Aura Field (AF), Overall Alignment of Chakra (OAC), Overall, Chakra Energy (OCE), Stress Level (SL), Overall Energy Level (OEL). Methods: This research aims to evaluate the effect of vancharya, by examining 50 young adult participants over a one-week period (7 days). The study utilised a non-experimental single-group pre- and post-research design. The data collection was done using an advanced Biowell machine. The obtained data were analysed through a Paired Sample t-test by using SPSS software. Results: The obtained results indicated significant changes in the AF, OAC, OCE, while showing no significant impact on participants SL and OEL. Subjects also reported improved sleep patterns, less impulsivity, reduced aggression and fewer fluctuations of mood during their sessions in day-to-day activities. Conclusion: Therefore, the research indicates that Vancharya as a therapeutic modality had a significant impact on the subtle systems of energy among young adults. The obtained result from this intervention programme clearly indicates that subtle systems present in the body can have an impact as early as within 7 days itself, whereas, for visible impact within the individual (for instance stress level or overall energy level of the body), the duration of the intervention can be increased.  The Author(s) 2025. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).</text>
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                <text>aura field; biowell machine; chakra healing; mental health; nature therapy; Vancharya</text>
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                <text>Seven derivatives of heterocycles benzimidazole, benzoxazole and benzothiazole were studied, five of which were synthesized and characterized. The molecular geometry and newlinespectroscopic data of the compounds in the ground state were calculated using the density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. A comparison between the experimental and calculated data was attempted. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and global reactivity parameters were deduced using theoretical calculations. HOMO-LUMO energy gap for each compound was determined by DFT and cyclic voltammetry. The cyclic voltammograms were recorded in acetonitrile solvent using lithium perchlorate as the supporting electrolyte. For all the compounds experimentally determined HOMO LUMO energy gap in polar solvent was lesser than that from DFT calculated energy gap. Using the HOMO-LUMO energy gap, global reactivity parameters were calculated. The effect of solvents of varying polarity on the absorption and emission spectra of the compounds was studied. Large excitation and emission energy differences were observed for all the selected heterocycles. The excitation and fluorescence spectra of selected heterocycles were recorded in eight solvents of different solvent polarity. It is evident from the excitation spectra that on increase of the solvent polarity, a bathochromic shift takes place for and#960;-and#960;* transition, and this is attributed to the high influence of solvent polarity in the excited state of heterocycle newlinecompared to its ground state. The dipole moments in the ground and the first excited state of heterocycle derivatives were newlinecalculated using Lippert-Mataga and Kawski-Chamma-Viallet methods. Guggenheim-Debye method was adopted to calculate ground state dipole moment. The dipole moments of the compounds were also calculated using Time Dependent-Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT). The dipole moment values of the compounds suggested that the excited state has more charge separation and thus becomes more polar.</text>
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                <text>Pandey, Manju.</text>
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                <text>Gowda, N M Nanje.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10603/423315" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://hdl.handle.net/10603/423315&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Pandey N.N., School of Business &amp;amp; Management, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Kumar M., School of Business &amp;amp; Management, Christ University, Bengaluru, India</text>
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                <text>This study examined the impact of an independent and competent audit committee on the decision-making process of investors in the Indian capital market and adopted a quantitative approach in which cross-sectional data are gathered with the help of a self-administered questionnaire survey. The selection of participants involves a stratified random sample technique, specifically targeting 441 regular investors associated with nine prominent brokerage houses in the Delhi NCR engaged in equity market investments. Descriptive analysis is applied to discern respondent characteristics, whereas correlation and regression analyses are utilised to test and elucidate the relationships and influences among variables in the model. The findings of this study, which indicate a notable correlation between investors' investment decision-making in India and the independence and competence of the audit committee, are in line with the expectation that independence and competence are essential attributes that the audit committee must possess. These characteristics, in turn, have a notable influence on investors' investment decisions. The outcome of this paper fills a gap in the literature by offering insights into the vital attributes of audit committee independence and competence that notably contribute to investment decision-making in India. This research examined the impact of an independent and competent audit committee on the decision-making process of investors in the Indian capital market, which has never been examined before. Thus, the findings shed light on the influence of board independence and competence on the decision-making process of investors in the Indian capital market.  2025, Malque Publishing. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>corporate governance; ethical standards; independent directors; listing agreements</text>
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                <text>Pandey P., Department of Commerce, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Pune-Lavasa Campus, Lavasa, India; Sharma A., Department of Data Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Pune-Lavasa Campus, Lavasa, India; Jeswani S., Faculty of Commerce &amp;amp; Management, Kalinga University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India; Sharma D., OP Jindal University, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India; Gupta A., Department of Management Studies, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Uttarakhand, Dehradun, India</text>
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                <text>Technology enriches and empowers organizations, making them more competitive and profitable. Any organization function is now technology-driven, helping to make faster and better decisions. Human resource management practices are also automated nowadays. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained enough importance in the recruitment process. Most of the literature emphasizes the use of technology and AI in establishing an effective and efficient recruitment process; however, the dominance of AI arouses the need to cast light upon the imbalance created after Al implementation. This study focuses on identifying the adverse impact of automated recruitment processes, which, due to a lack of human consciousness and intelligence, may sometimes not find the right candidate for the vacant position. Thus, a qualitative study was conducted to check the need for a balance of collaboration between humans and AI in recruitment. Primary data was collected through structured interviews with 21 HR professionals of IT companies in India implementing AI in their recruitment process. The findings highlight the positive impact of AI tools on recruitment efficiency but raise concerns about the loss of human connection, the potential misuse of AI, and the need for balanced decision-making in the hiring process. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that a framework that combines humans and AI can be created. This study enables organizations to develop a customized recruitment process aligned with their vision, optimizing the use of AI and human intelligence to improve procedures and understand the impact of AI on hiring.  The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.</text>
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                <text> In this dissertation, we have studied the variations of graph colouring based on distance constraints. For a given set T of non-negative integers including zero and a positive integer k, the L(T,1)-colouring of a graph G = (V,E) is a function c : V(G) and#8594; newline{0,1,2,...,k} such that |c(u)and#8722;c(v)| and#8712;/ T if the distance between u and v is 1 and |c(u)and#8722; newlinec(v)| and#8805; 1 whenever u and v are at distance 2. The L(T,1)-span, and#955;T,1(G) is the smallest positive integer k such that G admits an L(T,1)-Colouring. We have determined the newlineL(T,1)-span for some classes of graphs for set T whose elements are arranged in arithmetic progression. Further, for any general set T , we have found the bound for L(T,1)- span of a few classes of graphs. We use Python programming to colour certain classes of graphs concerning L(T,1)-colouring and fnd the value of L(T,1)-span. Next, we have explored equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring, which is an extension of a specifc variation of L(h,k)-Colouring for h = 0 and k = 1. For a newlinepositive integer p, equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring of a graph G is an newlineassignment of positive integers to the vertices of G such that for each vertex v and#8712;V(G), vertices of N(v) receives at least l1p|N(v)|m distinct colours and N(v) can be partitioned into k-classes V1,V2,...Vk such that ||Vi|and#8722; |Vj|| and#8804; 1 for every i and#824;= j and 1 and#8804; k and#8804; n. The minimum number of colours required to colour G such that it admits equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring for a fxed p is called the equitable fractional open neighbourhood chromatic number, and#967;eq onc newlinep (G). We have studied some properties of equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring and explored some classes of graphs which admit equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring with land#8710;(pG)m colours. Further, we have introduced and examined a variation of perfect graphs, and#967;onc-perfect graphs, with respect to equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring for the special case of p = 1.</text>
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                <text>VERTEX COLOURING OF FINITE NETWORKS WITH RESPECT TO AVERAGE DISTANCE</text>
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                <text>For a finite network, represented as a graph G = (V, E) with average distance (G), the average distance colouring of G is a function c from V to the set of non-negative integers, such that for any v ? V, |c(v) ? c(u)| ? 1 for all u ? V such that d(u, v) ? ??. In this paper, we find the average distance colouring number of some special types of networks and present a greedy algorithm to colour any graph with average distance colouring constraint.  2025, Diogenes Co. Ltd.. All rights reserved.</text>
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                <text>Pandey R.P., Department of Psychology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, India; Hanna, Department of Psychology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, India; Sharma T., Department of Psychology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, India; Bumra K., Department of Psychology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, India; Singh V., Department of Psychology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, India; Das S., Department of Psychology, Christ (deemed to Be University), Delhi NCR, India; Awasthi P., Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Dixit V., Department of Psychology, Munshi Singh College, Motihari, India</text>
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                <text>This qualitative study explored how adverse childhood experiences contribute to criminal behavior among 20 male prisoners (aged 2040) in Kerala. Using semi-structured interviews, thematic analysis revealed seven key themes: family dysfunction, emotional struggle, abuse, economic struggle, peer pressure, coping mechanisms, and sensation seeking. Findings showed that family dysfunction creates baseline trauma, fostering emotional voids and maladaptive coping. The study emphasizes the interconnectedness of multiple adversities in shaping criminality. It highlights the need for early interventions addressing trauma, emotional dysregulation, and unhealthy coping patterns through supportive networks to prevent criminal behavior later in life.  2025 Taylor &amp;amp; Francis Group, LLC.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>AI tools for enhancing student engagement</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287987">
                <text>01-01-2025</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287988">
                <text>AI Applications and Pedagogical Innovation;pp.201-230</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-5092-9.ch008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-5092-9.ch008&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105013535380?origin=resultslist" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105013535380?origin=resultslist&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Pandey V.K., Christ University, Delhi, India; Poonia R.C., Christ University, Delhi, India</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287991">
                <text>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the learning environment with adaptive technologies that offer new possibilities to engage, support, and empower learners. Throughout this chapter, we examine how AI technologies are transforming student engagement from the past to enable more personalized, responsive, and inclusive learning environments. From intelligent tutoring systems and adaptive learning systems to chatbots, game- based learning, and predictive analytics, AI offers teachers more and more tools to make behavioral, cognitive, and emotional connections with learners. Based on actual case studies of K- 12 and higher education, including DreamBox Learning and Civitas Learning, the chapter discusses real- world success with respectful consideration of the ethical, technical, and social issues of AI deployment. Issues from data privacy through algorithmic bias and student agency protection are discussed in detail. In the future, the chapter discusses briefly trends such as affective computing, AI- powered AR/VR environments, and human- AI collaboration construction for education's future. Rather than recommending AI as a replacement for teachers, the chapter argues for an equitable partnership-where AI as a system itself can be an effective collaborator to human teachers, enhancing their capacity to create rich learning environments. In the end, the chapter is appealing for an intentional, ethical, and equitable stance in adopting AI, so technology can be used in the name of education not only by facilitating engagement, but also in safeguarding human dignity, equity, and creativity.  2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287992">
                <text>IGI Global</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287993">
                <text>ISBN: 979-833735094-3; 979-833735092-9;</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287994">
                <text>English</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287995">
                <text>Book chapter</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="287996">
                <text>Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library</text>
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