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How Offensive is offensive? A Closer Look at Controversial Advertisements
We live in a world inundated with messages that seek to promote products varied and eclectic in their feel and purpose. Capitalism has rooted itself in many societies; corporate enterprises enthusiastically advertise their products around the world. Over the years we have had countless advertisements bombard us through our TV sets, newspapers, billboards and now through our smartphones. While attention-grabbing, these advertisements are unfortunately often considered questionable. Rising competition among advertisers for consumer attention has led to the production of advertisements that are increasingly risquand frequently downright offensive. There have been growing concerns about the increasingly low standards of advertisements. Be it excessive sexual content, discrimination on grounds of gender, or propagating regressive philosophies, advertisements seek attention for the wrong reasons. While some advertisements were once downright discriminative towards the female population, things seem to have gradually gotten better over the past few years. However, that is not to say that stereotyping and sexism have been wholly eradicated from advertising; these issues are still prevalent today. Though some consumers watch advertisements through a critical lense and critique unethical advertisements, many offensive and discriminative advertisements have still become widely known and popular among viewers. The present paper seeks to explore the idea of offensiveness in advertisements through an analysis of advertising content on the basis of gender discrimination and stereotypical portrayals of gender. Further, a focused group discussion adds audience perspective to the issue as well. Straddled by Uses and Gratification Theory, Social Responsibility Theory, and Self-Construal Theory, this study attempts to explore the concept of the offensiveness of controversial advertisements and to determine the reasons why an advertisement is deemed offensive. It is never too late to question How Offensive is offensive? 2021 Journal of International Womens Studies. -
Industry Internet of Things (IIoT) Adoption Pressures in SME OEMs
Small and Medium Original Equipment Manufacturers (SME OEMs) face challenges in IIoT adoption due to a lack of technical expertise, additional costs, and preferences of the end-users and significant institutional pressures. This research investigates the influence of Environmental Attitude on the Adoption Intention of Industry Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies among Small and Medium Enterprises and Original Equipment Manufacturers (SME-OEMs). This research analyses the effects of End-user Pull and Institutional Pressure in this relationship. A survey of 263 SME OEMs from 11 industrial sectors across 67 cities was conducted using purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze data, assessing direct and indirect effects. Results show a significant positive relationship between Environmental Attitude and IIoT Adoption Intention. Mediation analysis reveals significant indirect effects through End-user Pull and Institutional Pressure, with complete mediation as the direct effect becomes insignificant. Findings highlight the crucial role of environmental attitude in shaping IIoT adoption intentions among SMEs. A positive environmental attitude drives SMEs to explore IIoT benefits. End-user Pull and Institutional Pressure are key mediators in this process. These insights are valuable for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and SMEs aiming to promote IIoT adoption. Fostering a positive environmental attitude and leveraging End-user Pull and Institutional Pressure can facilitate IIoT adoption. Policymakers can create initiatives to raise environmental awareness and encourage sustainable practices through IIoT. Industry players can form strategic partnerships to support SME OEMs in IIoT adoption. 2024 IEEE. -
Enhancing Small and Medium OEMs' Adoption of IIoT Technologies
Small and Medium Original Equipment Manufacturers (SME OEMs) face challenges of high initial costs, lack of skilled workforce, data security concerns, and limited infrastructure for IIoT implementation. This research explores the crucial factors influencing the successful integration of Industry Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies into products and processes of SME OEMs. The study investigates the impact of IIOT Manufacturers' operational and business support, training effectiveness, and awareness of benefits on SME OEMs' adoption intention of IIoT solutions. A survey was conducted among 263 firms operating in 103 different equipment manufacturing operations across 67 cities, representing 11 industry sectors. The participants were SME OEMs, and data were collected to assess the influence of various factors on their willingness to adopt IIoT technologies. The study revealed significant insights into adopting IIoT solutions among SME OEMs. Training provided by IIoT manufacturers was found to have the most substantial impact on the adoption intention. Moreover, awareness of benefits and business and operational support had an equal and notable influence on the adoption intention of SME OEMs. These findings underline the importance of effective training programs and comprehensive support from IIoT manufacturers in facilitating successful IIoT integration. The study's outcomes emphasize the value of fostering strategic partnerships between Small and Medium Original Equipment Manufacturers and Industry IoT Manufacturers. Such collaborations can be pivotal in enhancing IIoT adoption rates among SME OEMs, enabling them to stay competitive in the fast-paced market. 2024 IEEE. -
Brinkman-Bard convection in a box with temperature modulation
A bounded porous box saturated with Newtonian fluid and subjected to a sinusoidal temperature gradient has various practical applications, such as solar energy storage, groundwater remediation, food processing, and chemical reactors. We address the generalization of the classical Rayleigh-Bard convection problem in a horizontal fluid layer in an infinitely large domain heated from below to a finite three-dimensional box. We also look into a more intricate form of the modulated Rayleigh-Bard problem in which the temperature at the bottom boundary varies sinusoidally. The Rayleigh number quantifies the non-sinusoidal part of the temperature gradient, while the amplitude and frequency of modulation describe the sinusoidal one. The critical Rayleigh number is determined using linear and nonlinear stability analyses; for the latter, the energy method is used. There is a possibility of subcritical instabilities, as evidenced by the energy stability estimates being lower than the linear ones. Furthermore, eigenvalues are obtained as a function of aspect ratios, modulation amplitude, and frequency for varying Darcy numbers. Modulation amplitude more significantly triggers a change in flow patterns at the onset of convection compared to the effect of other parameters. Considering water-saturated porous media made up of different materials, we report the critical temperature difference between lower and upper surfaces required for the onset of convection. In addition, a comparison between such a temperature difference obtained from linear theory and the energy method is also provided in the same manner. It is observed that subharmonic instability occurs for all considered porous media packed densely or sparsely. 2024 Author(s). -
Homosexuality as a Dominant Narrative in Class
[No abstract available] -
Gender justice and women empowerment: Legal measures in India
Educating the girl child, creating job opportunities, putting women in decision making roles, and making pro-women laws protecting them from oppression were some of the many steps that were designed for women's empowerment. But many years down the line the quest for a just society that values women and accords them the necessary dignity and respect is still on. A paternalistic approach with the assumption that women were victims of the social divide was adopted to rid women of their troubles. Being vulnerable they required protection; and so a number of measures were required and adopted to empower her. The authors argue that the flaw in the law is in its paternalistic approach, which does not accord autonomy of self-governance or self-direction. The autonomy needs to be redefined as a relative idea where a just and compassionate society nurtures its members and creates social conditions that strengthens autonomous decisions, instead of impeding them, for the realization of their full potential. It can neither be a masculine versus feminine argument nor be attained in isolation. 2016 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Is it morally justified to create disabled designer babies?
This research paper explores the questionwhether it is morally permissible for an auditory impaired parent to create an auditory impaired offspring? It makes an epistemological inquiry into the experiences of persons with auditory impairments to make an informed decision on the question at stake. There is a general attitudinal bias against the disability. On the contrary, arguments have been raised that a parent with auditory impairment may have a moral right and a liberty to have a specially designed deaf baby. It is argued that a deaf parents desire to have a deaf child, stems from their need to relate linguistically and culturally with the child. It is also in the best interest of the child and the parent. Such arguments seem grossly misguided and are often countered with arguments of open future, and the costs of disability. This research paper seeks to inquire into the epistemic challenges in examining the validity and the soundness of these arguments. It engages into the arguments and counter arguments with respect to whether auditory impairment is a disadvantageous condition to find that deafness does involve an element of harm though it is not only and only harm. It argues against the proposition that laws permitting abortion in case of foetal anomaly are eugenic. It uses Kantian theory to delve into the moral permissibility of the use of genetic engineering for the creation of impairment and enhancement. In the light of moral, ethical and jurisprudential considerations it finds that it is morally impermissible to use genetic interventions to create impairments or enhancements, as it strikes at the humanity in the designer babies and uses them as a means for the satisfaction of desires. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU). -
Jurisprudential basis of the right to clean and healthy environment
Examining the basis of the right to a clean and healthy environment helps in an increased understanding of the nature of the right which in turn will further the job of devising effective strategies and policies to meet the interests of the environment and make the right a reality. This paper examines four strategies: Firstly protect environment rights by declaring it to be a right. This would protect it from mutilation at the hands of political processes, and thus would be a safer option, but its dimensions have not yet been crystallised. Secondly, it can be protected by making it part and parcel of human rights. Thirdly, the Interest Theory suggests that the interest of the environment must be protected for its own sake by creating such an interest. Fourthly, the notion of Intergenerational Responsibility which establishes that the present generation has an obligation/duty to preserve and protect the environment for a correlative similar right which the future generation enjoys. The article also examines the conflict between environment protection and developmental needs of humanity. Indian courts have referred to traditional Indian philosophy of 'Dharma' and have tried to adopt a balancing approach by integrating environment values with developmental values. Any theory that does not resolve the above conflict would clearly be insufficient. 2013 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Understanding magic realism in regional cinema: A content analysis of selected Malayalam films /
Magic Realism, was introduced in Latin America as an expression of the blend of realist and magical views of life in the perspective of the conflicting cultures of Latin America expressed through its art and literature, but later it was adopted as a term used to refer to all narrative fiction that includes magical events in a realistic matter-of-fact narrative, where, the unordinary or supernatural is not a plain or evident matter, but it is an ordinary matter, which can happen every day. -
Towards reading song in performance as aural narrative : Reading a sense of spatiality in select albums of mark knopfler using henri lefebver's notions of space
One of the chief objectives of this study is to explore and offer a strategy to read song in performance as Aural Narratives. This was necessary because verbal texts can be read in multiple ways. Perhaps the chief claim of a text s possibility to be literary lies in its inherent potential to be discursive. Therefore sound texts require a way of understanding sound as an element of storytelling. Shifts in Humanities necessitate an expanding notion of textuality. One of the chief concerns and burdens of the writer of literature is the evocation of a sense of spatiality which can be perceived as an outcome of spatial practice. Spatial practice in turn is defined by social codes and practices. Spaces can be read therefore through the life experiences of the inhabitants of a space as spatial practices are dependent on particular spaces. This study explores the use of Sound in creating a sense of Spatiality. Singer, songwriter and guitarist, Mark Knopfler creates songs that are arranged around a central character s lived experience. Thus the perception and conception of a sense of space that is thus evoked can be negotiated using Henri Lefebvre s triadic notions of newlinespatiality as a reading strategy. -
Reflection of Public Policy on Environment
International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol.3, Issue 1, pp.184-196. ISSN No. 2249-2496 -
Deep Learning Decision Support Model for Police Investigation
A police investigation is an exciting task with many complicated processes that may or may not succeed. However, it is the sole duty of a police officer to understand the crime scene, reconstruct the event and predict the criminal with accuracy. There are various methods for interrogations, predictions, and confirmation after identifying a person as a criminal or upon concluding their actions as a criminal act. However, we can see massive growth in crime rates every day. This massive growth rate makes conventional prediction or analysis very strenuous. In such times we can use or take the help of deep learning and machine learning methods for crime analysis and suspect prediction by identifying the data points in a set. This prediction methodology is known as intelligence analysis which simulates the dataset to draw a connection or pattern collectively from millions of data points to identify the instigator and linkman. This chapter will summarize the uses of deep learning and artificial intelligence in a decision support model for police investigation. 2024 selection and editorial matter, S. Vijayalakshmi, P. Durgadevi, Lija Jacob, Balamurugan Balusamy, and Parma Nand; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Study of X-Ray Intraday Variability of HBL Blazars Based on Observations Obtained with XMM-Newton
We present an extensive study on the X-ray intraday variability of 10 teraelectronvolt-emitting high synchrotron peaked blazars (HBLs): 1ES 0229+200, 1ES 0414+009, PKS 0548-322, 1ES 1101-232, 1H 1219+301, H 1426+428, Mrk 501, 1ES 1959+650, PKS 2005-489, and 1ES 2344+514 made with 25 XMM-Newton pointed observations during its operational period. Intraday variability has been estimated in three energy bands: soft (0.3-2 keV), hard (2-10 keV), and total (0.3-10 keV). Although seven out of 10 teraelectronvolt HBLs exhibited some intraday variability at 3? levels, no major variations exceeding 6% were detected. We explored the spectral properties of the sample by extracting the hardness ratio from the soft and hard bands; no significant variations in the hardness ratio were observed in any source. We performed power spectral density analyses on the variable light curves by fitting power laws, yielding slopes lying in the range of 1.11-2.93 for different HBLs. We briefly discuss possible emission mechanisms and carry out rough estimates for magnetic fields, electron Lorentz factors, and emission region sizes for seven of these HBLs. 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. -
Effective Techniques Non-linear Dynamic Model Calibration using CNN
This paper proposes an efficient method to estimate nonlinear dynamic models using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The proposed method combines the power of statistical optimization and machine learning to obtain more accurate and efficient estimates of complex models by training CNNs to recognize maps featuring input models and between results, thereby reducing the computational cost of measurements and then using the trained CNN to generate surrogate models -The method can determine accuracy for a range of exposed cases in various nonlinear dynamic models, including differential equation model of chemical reactor and stochastic model of biological systems The results show that the proposed methods are effective for measuring these models, if at most with such accuracy and reducing the computational cost in terms of both frequency and magnitude, the proposed method represents a promising method for estimating nonlinear dynamic models, offering significant advantages in terms of accuracy, efficiency and in scalability 2024 IEEE. -
Applications of artificial intelligence techniques in modern banking sectors
AI-powered decision-making instruments are cutting-edge technology that has the potential to displace conventional banking procedures. This chapter emphasizes the critical role artificial intelligence (AI) has played in guiding the banking industry toward expansion. AI techniques including robotics, deep learning, facial recognition, natural language processing, and more are used to achieve this goal. This chapter provides an overview of the use of AI approaches in several banking functional domains, such as loan approval, customer lifecycle management, customer services, alarm systems, and so on. It also highlights the benefits and difficulties that AI-driven financial apps provide. In summary, artificial intelligence (AI) has enormous promise in banking, but it also confronts several obstacles that, if correctly recognized and overcome, might broaden its use. This chapter is an invaluable tool for researchers, lawmakers, and bank officials who want to learn more about the unrealized potential of artificial intelligence in banking. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
UVIT Observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud: Point-source Catalog
Three fields in the outskirts of the Small Magellanic Cloud were observed by the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on board AstroSat, between 2017 December 31 and 2018 January 1. The observations were carried out on a total of seven filters, three in the far-ultraviolet (FUV; 1300-1800 band and four in the near-ultraviolet (NUV; 2000-3000 band. We carried out photometry of these observations that have a spatial resolution better than 1.?5. We present here the first results of this work, which is a matched catalog of 11,241 sources detected in three FUV and four NUV wavelengths. We make the catalog available online, which would be of use to the astronomical community to address a wide variety of astrophysical problems. We provide an expression to estimate the total count rate in the full point-spread function of UVIT that also incorporates the effect of saturation. 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. -
Molecular Simulation Prediction on SO2 Gas Adsorption in Bipyridine Ligand-Based Square-Pillared MOFs
Increasing concentrations of toxic gases caused by the burning of fossil fuels necessitates the development of efficient porous materials for gas capture. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted a lot of attention as potential porous materials due to their effectiveness in adsorption of toxic gases. In particular, square-pillared metal-organic frameworks stand out for their exceptional potential toward gas adsorption, attributed to their remarkable surface area, thermal and chemical stabilities, and tunable properties. In this context, molecular simulations have been executed to observe and analyze the adsorption process of toxic flue gases such as SO2 and CO2 on MOFs. The present work deals with two different stable fluorinated MOFs named [Ni(4,4?-bipyridine)2(AlF5)]n (ALFFIVE-Ni-bipy) and [Ni(4,4?-bipyridine)2(NbOF5)]n, (NBOFFIVE-Ni-bipy) featuring AlF52- and NbOF52- anion pillars, respectively, comprising 4,4?-bipyridine as organic ligand and nickel as the central metal. The significance of utilizing the 4,4?-bipyridine ligands in these fluorinated MOFs enhances the SO2 gas adsorption and selectivity in the framework. Density functional theory has been implemented for geometry optimization, and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to forecast the adsorption isotherms. Both ALFFIVE-Ni-bipy (11.4 mmol/g) and NBOFFIVE-Ni-bipy (8.7 mmol/g) showed high SO2 adsorption capacity at 1 bar pressure, but ALFFIVE-Ni-bipy showed very good adsorption than other square-pillared MOFs and also unveiled good selectivity of SO2 gas. The coadsorption of binary SO2/CO2 and ternary SO2/CO2/N2 gas mixtures at ambient conditions indicated that the cost-effective aluminum (Al)-based square-pillared ALFFIVE-Ni-bipy is particularly suitable for acid gas adsorption. 2024 American Chemical Society -
Discontinuities in the trajectory of solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology development in India
The objective of this paper is to understand different phases of solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology in India and the interplay of scientific, technological, economic, and political factors in each of the phases. There are four distinct phases. In the first-phase (1947-1970), SPV technology was recognized as an important source of energy for countries like India. In the second phase (1971-1990), the oil crisis led to the formulation of new scientific and technological initiatives and programs in SPV, but due to a lack of political commitment the initiatives disintegrated. In the third phase (1991-2003), several factors seemed to have undermined the development of SPV sector. Currently in the fourth phase (2003 to the present), India has virtually lost the race for development of photovoltaic technology. Within the context of climate change and resource constraint, India has reformulated its strategy which has taken the form of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission Plan (JNNSM).This paper examines how JNNSM influences indigenous attempts in photovoltaic technology development. The paper shows how scientific, technological, economic and political factors have contributed to discontinuities in the development of the technology. Koninklijke Brill Nv, Leiden 2015. -
Performance Evaluation of OTFS Under Different Channel Conditions for LEO Satellite Downlink
Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation scheme is being actively pursued as a viable alternative to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme in future wireless standards due to the inherent ability of OTFS to mitigate the Doppler effects in high mobility scenarios. The inclusion of Non Terrestrial Network (NTN) in Release 17 of 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) New Radio (NR) standard signifies the vital role of Satellite Communications to achieve coverage extension, capability augmentation and seamless global connectivity. In this context, it becomes important to study the suitability of OTFS modulation scheme with respect to satellite channel scenarios. In this paper, we consider the downlink channel scenarios defined by 3GPP NR NTN for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites at sub-6 GHz and millimetre wave frequencies for evaluating the performance of OTFS modulation schemes. Simulation results using LMMSE (Linear Minimum Mean Square Error) and MRC (Maximum Ratio Combining) detection algorithms confirm that OTFS modulation is highly robust against Doppler effects and performs consistently across all channel conditions. From simulation results, it is observed that the performance of iterative MRC detection is better than LMMSE for 16QAM and 64QAM modulation schemes by achieving respective gains of around 5 dB and 10 dB for corresponding Bit Error Rate (BER) values of 0.01 and 0.1. 2023 IEEE.