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Including category information as supplements in latent semantic analysis of Hindi documents
Latent semantic analysis (LSA) is a mathematical model that is used to capture the semantic structure of documents by using the correlations between the textual elements in them. LSA captures the semantic structure very well being independent of external sources of semantics. However, the model's performance increases when it is supplemented with extra information. The work presented in this paper is to modify the model to analyse word correlations in documents by considering the document category information as supplements in the process. This enhancement is called supplemented latent semantic analysis (SLSA). SLSA's performance is empirically evaluated in a document classification application by comparing the accuracies of classification against plain LSA for various term weighting schemes. An increment of 1.14%, 1.30% and 1.63% is observed in the classification accuracies when SLSA is compared with plain LSA for tf, idf and tfidf respectively in the initial term-bydocument matrix. Copyright 2017 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Suitability of natural rubber latex and waste foundry sand in cement concrete
Suitability of Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) as an additive and Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) as partial replacement to river sand, in cement concrete was investigated. Experimental study was performed with concrete mixtures containing 1% latex to water ratio, along with 5% and 10% replacement of river sand by WFS. Properties of concrete were studied in both fresh and hardened state. The results of laboratory tests indicate that WFS and NRL reduces the workability of concrete. Slight reduction in splitting tensile strength was observed for mixtures containing NRL and WFS, in comparison to conventional mix. No specific trend was observed for flexural strength at 7 days, but at 28 days the difference was within 3%, when compared to conventional mix. Strength development for mixtures containing NRL and WFS was slightly lower than conventional mix. The limited results of this study show that concrete containing NRL and WFS do have potential for use as non-structural concrete. -
A study of factors affecting consumer behavioural intentions towards adoption of gamification
Advanced technology with a high degree of accessibility of the Internet across countries has led to the emergence of e-commerce and m-commerce. The global brands and the start-ups are equally attracted to this change in the way the goods and services can be marketed, making market access through the Internet a core part of the strategy for marketers. The same has led to various digital promotional techniques for customer engagement. Among various digital promotional techniques, gamification is one technique where customers are expected to play online games to win the reward points for getting discounts for their purchases. An attempt was made to identify various factors influencing the consumer behavioural intentions towards adoption of gamification as one of the means to get products at discounted prices. In this study, factor analysis was used to find the major factors that influence the consumer behavioural intentions to adopt gamification as one of the digital promotional techniques. The study found eight major factors that influence the adoption of gamification, they are Personal Perspective, Usefulness, Easy to Use, Price Consciousness, Perceived Critical Mass, Flow Experience, Awareness, and Personal Innovativeness. This study brought in a different perspective by exploring the role of possible factors influencing gamification adoption in the Indian market, helping marketers, the major factors, and their influence on the consumer's behavioural intentions of adoption of gamification as one of the digital promotion techniques. -
A hybrid scheme of image compression employing wavelets and 2D-PCA
In this paper, we have presented a method of compressing 2D grey-scale images employing wavelets and two-dimensional principal component analysis (2D-PCA). Principal component analysis (PCA) is an already established technique for image compression which primarily aims at exploiting inter pixel redundancies present in the image, while wavelet is a tool widely used in multi-resolution image processing. In the proposed method the image is subjected to a multi-resolution decomposition using wavelet. Subsequently, 2D-PCA is applied on the set of detail images at each level of resolution. The compressed form of the image is constituted by representative pairs of principal components and projection vectors from each level of resolution along with the approximate image at the coarsest resolution. The proposed method requires relatively few number of principal components (of varied dimension) to produce improved compression ratio with acceptable peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The method has been implemented and tested on a set of real 2D grey-scale images and the results have been assessed on both qualitative and quantitative basis by measuring parameters like compression ratio (CR), PSNR, structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) and the overall performance is found to be satisfactory. Copyright 2017 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
A novel automated method for coconut grading based on audioception
The quality of the coconuts used for various purposes is of utmost importance. Demand for better quality products is constantly on the rise due to the improvements in the standard of living of people. There is a possibility that a bad coconut goes unnoticed by the traders, as it is hard to decide if a coconut is good or bad by relying only on its external appearance. Traditionally, quality assessment is carried out manually with the help of three senses; sight, hearing and smell. In the proposed work, a sound processing technique is used in an attempt to automate this process which overcomes the drawbacks of manual processing, which can be used in large godowns and warehouses. This proposed method provides the quality assessment of the coconut purely based on audioception. While creating the database, coconuts varying in size, shape, color and water content were taken from several places as a source for the dataset. Features are extracted from the sound pattern produced by the dropped coconut, which forms the basis for classification. Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO), Dagging and Naive Bayes classifiers were used and the results obtained were found to be encouraging. 2005 ongoing JATIT & LLS. -
A node deployment mechanism for energy-efficient routing in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Military applications are the primary concern of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Efficient target object/event monitoring is a primary goal of military systems in unattended and unmanned areas. Heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HTWSN) is an emerging network for efficient enemy object monitoring in sensitive areas of low cost. The performance of HTWSN is mainly depends on the quality of data transmission and better network lifetime. However, after deployment of HTWSN, the network can experience a serious problem known as path failure. Path failure occurs due to high route overhead, which result poor-quality data transmission and increase the node energy consumption. Path failure results route rediscovery and data packet retransmission. The proposed node deployment mechanism for HTWSN has been minimized the route overhead and improved the path quality, quality data packet transmission by avoid the path failure. The proposed node deployment strategy has given better results in terms of 20 % low node energy consumption, 56 % lower route overhead, 22 % higher network lifetime and 17 % higher data packet delivery ratio than the existing node deployment mechanism of IMCC protocol. 2005 - 2016 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved. -
A comprehensive analysis of various structural parameters of Indian coals with the aid of advanced analytical tools
An exhaustive structural analysis was carried out on three Indian coals (ranging from sub-bituminous to high volatile bituminous coal) using a range of advanced characterization tools. Detailed investigations were carried out using UVVisible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The X-ray and Raman peaks were deconvoluted and analyzed in details. Coal crystallites possess turbostratic structure, whose crystallite diameter and height increase with rank. The H/C ratio plotted against aromaticity exhibited a decreasing trend, confirming the graphitization of coal upon leaching. It is also found that, with the increase of coal rank, the dependency of I20/I26 on La is saturated, due to the increase in average size of sp2 nanoclusters. In Raman spectra, the observed G peak (1585cm?1) and the D2 band arises from graphitic lattices. In IR spectrum, two distinct peaks at 2850 and 2920cm?1 are attributed to the symmetric and asymmetric CH2 stretching vibrations. The intense peak at ~1620cm?1, is either attributed to the aromatic ring stretching of C=C nucleus. 2016, The Author(s). -
Wrinkled graphene: Synthesis and characterization of few layer graphene-like nanocarbons from kerosene
Wrinkled graphene, derived from a facile thermal decomposition and chemical method, was subjected to various analysis techniques and the results have been reported here. Raman studies revealed the presence of highly graphitized amorphous carbon, which was evident by the appearance of five peaks in the deconvoluted first order spectrum. This result was very well corroborated by the XRD analysis. XPS and FT-IR spectra confirmed the incorporation of oxygen functionalities into the carbon backbone. AFM and SEM images of the sample disclosed a cluster of few-layer wrinkled graphene fragments. TEM images displayed a chain of nearly spherical aggregates of graphene, resembling nanohorns. The resistivity and sheet resistance of the sample were found to be low, making the obtained material a promising candidate for various device applications. Hence, kerosene soot proved to be an efficient precursor for facile synthesis of few layer graphene-like nanocarbon. 2016 Wroclaw University of Technology. -
Bob Dylan: Poet of disruption, dissonance and an aesthetic of dissent
This paper is a brief study of the pivotal figure of folk rock, Bob Dylan. Acclaimed as a songwriter and singer, he was also the poetic voice of the counter culture of the nineteen sixties in America. The counter culture sought to unseat the mainstream establishment that seemed obsessed with war, conservative ideals and religious nationalism. Dylan burst onto this scene 'already a legend' and 'the unwashed phenomenon' (Baez, 1975) projecting the image of the original vagabond and troubadour. A glance at a selection of some of his best known lyrics disabuses one of the notions of his being uninitiated into the discourse of philosophy and literature. He draws freely on and engages with ideas from texts that are sometimes even obscure. The Nobel he was awarded in October 2016 recognized his art for evolving new modes of poetic expression. This paper studies Dylan, the performer and the writer who has masterfully disrupted most accepted literary modes using the dissonance-rich space of Rock music while retaining some of the traditional forms of poetic utterance. AesthetixMS 2016. -
E-governance diffusion in the telecenters of Karnataka-a gender analysis
E-governance is the interaction between a government and its citizens to deliver services in an efficient manner by means of information technology and telecommunication. The current study takes into account three aspects namely-economical, governance and services that impact the e-governance diffusion in the telecenters set up at the hobli level of Karnataka state. A framework is created with these aspects and validated through the present study. The study explores whether gender differentials exist in the e-governance diffusion process. The research adds up to the literature in establishing that gender differentials disappear when the e-governance is in the stage of maturity. One-way ANOVA is used to identify the gender differentials in e-governance diffusion through the NadaKacheri centres of Karnataka. The study proposes policy changes by the government to render better services and governance to the citizens. 2017 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Estimation of Ground-State and Singlet Excited-State Dipole Moments of Substituted Schiff Bases Containing Oxazolidin-2-one Moiety through Solvatochromic Methods
Absorption and fluorescence studies on novel Schiff bases (E)-4-(4-(4-nitro benzylideneamino)benzyl)oxazolidin-2-one (NBOA) and (E)-4-(4-(4-chlorobenzylidene amino)benzyl)oxazolidin-2-one (CBOA) were recorded in a series of twelve solvents upon increasing polarity at room temperature. Large Stokes shift indicates bathochromic fluorescence band for both the molecules. The photoluminescence properties of Schiff bases containing electron withdrawing and donating substituents were analyzed. Intramolecular charge transfer behavior can be studied based on the influence of different substituents in Schiff bases. Changes in position and intensity of absorption and fluorescence spectra are responsible for the stabilization of singlet excited-states of Schiff base molecules with different substituents, in polar solvents. This is attributed to the Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. In case of electron donating (?Cl) substituent, ICT contributes largely to positive solvatochromism when compared to electron withdrawing (?NO2) substituent. Ground-state and singlet excited-state dipole moments of NBOA and CBOA were calculated experimentally using solvent polarity function approaches given by LippertMataga, Bakhshiev, Kawskii-Chamma-Viallet and Reichardt. Due to considerable ?- electron density redistribution, singlet excited-state dipole moment was found to be greater than ground-state dipole moment. Ground-state dipole moment value which was determined by quantum chemical method was used to estimate excited-state dipole moment using solvatochromic correlations. Kamlet-Abboud-Taft and Catalan multiple linear regression approaches were used to study non-specific solute-solvent interaction and hydrogen bonding interactions in detail. Optimized geometry and HOMO-LUMO energies of NBOA and CBOA have been determined by DFT and TD-DFT/PCM (B3LYP/6-311G (d, p)). Mulliken charges and molecular electrostatic potential have also been evaluated from DFT calculations. 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York. -
Probing the nature of defects of graphene like nano-carbon from amorphous materials by raman spectroscopy
Raman spectral characterization of selected carbonaceous materials has been carried out at excitation wavelengths 514, 633 and 1064 nm. Raman studies exhibit the presence of G band owing to the first order of E2g mode scattering. sp3 domains at about 1355 cm-1 (D band) are ascribed to the disordered structures due to the on-site and hoping defects which introduces distortions in the crystal lattice. Spectral de-convolution indicates the prominence of bands namely G, D1, D2, D3 and D4. D3 and D4 bands follow Gaussian, while the others Lorentian distribution. With change in excitation wavelength of laser, the degree of dispersion of G peak and ID/IG intensity ratio are found to increase. The crystallite size La, shows an inverse relation with intensity of defect to graphite band (ID/IG) and it also obeys Tuinstra-Koenig relation for nano-crystalline substance. The lateral size of aromatic lamellae determined using XRD analysis is in good agreement with that of Raman analysis. The feasibility of using kerosene soot, diesel soot and carbon black for electrochemical applications are also explored. -
Radiated flow of chemically reacting nanoliquid with an induced magnetic field across a permeable vertical plate
Impact of induced magnetic field over a flat porous plate by utilizing incompressible water-copper nanoliquid is examined analytically. Flow is supposed to be laminar, steady and two-dimensional. The plate is subjected to a regular free stream velocity as well as suction velocity. Flow formulation is developed by considering MaxwellGarnetts (MG) and Brinkman models of nanoliquid. Impacts of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, temperature dependent heat source/sink and first order chemical reaction are also retained. The subjected non-linear problems are non-dimensionalized and analytic solutions are presented via series expansion method. The graphs are plotted to analyze the influence of pertinent parameters on flow, magnetism, heat and mass transfer fields as well as friction factor, current density, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. It is found that friction factor at the plate is more for larger magnetic Prandtl number. Also the rate of heat transfer decayed with increasing nanoparticles volume fraction and the strength of magnetism. 2017 The Authors -
Total k-rainbow domination in graphs
In the modem world a huge concern among people is about their security\ People in the planning and execution focus much about proper security. This is a paper on the Mathematical aspects of some type of security enhancement. If a system is have various nodes and if there is availability of multiple types of security instruments, how will we ensure that every security is used to secure every node in an optimal way? We answer this question here by defining a graph theoretic model named Total k-Rainbow Domination. Here k stands for k types of security instruments. Easiest case is that of k types of cops. We define the optimal value as total k-rainbow domination number. Total k-rainbow domination numbers of certain graphs are calculated. IAEME Publication. -
A concise and effectual method for neutral pitch identification in stuttered speech
Researchers have studied that human-computer interactions (HCIs) can be more effective only when machines understand the emotions conveyed in speech. Speech emotion recognition has seen growing interest in research due to its usefulness in different applications. Building a neutral speech model becomes an important and challenging task as it can help in identifying different emotions from stuttered speech. This paper suggests two different approaches for identifying neutral pitch from stuttered speech. The implementation has proved through its accuracy the best model that can be adopted for neutral speech pitch identification. 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. -
Consumption of antibiotics as self-medication from over-the-counter purchase: An empirical study
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to find the reasons behind the practice of self-medication (SM) by the people with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs which are usually available in all medical stores. Methods: This article presents an empirical view of SM practice with OTC drugs. The research design of the study is descriptive, and the population of the study is customers who buy OTC drugs. The target population of this research is the common public who are all having the possibility to consume OTC drugs ever. The sampling technique used for this study is a systematic random sampling, and the sample size is 144. An instrument used for collecting data is a self-administered questionnaire and personal interview with the pharmacists. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The study results that most of the OTC customers consider SM is not a good practice, even though they practice SM of antibiotics in certain circumstances, due to reasons such as time-saving, convenience, cost saving, avoid waiting time to consult a doctor, easy and quick availability of antibiotics in neighbourhood drug stores, etc. Conclusion: The study concludes the reasons behind the SM practice and some remedies to overcome OTC drug-related problems from SM. 2017 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. -
Synthesis of nano-crystalline tin dioxide and its effect on calcination
Nitrate-citrate gel-combustion method was used in this study to prepare nano-crystalline tin dioxide. The samples were calcined at a temperature range of 543-1173 K. The prepared powder was characterized by SEM, TEM and X-ray diffraction. On increasing the temperature with limited supply of air (calcination), there is a systematic increase in tin content accompanied by a reduction in oxygen. The tetragonal nano tin structure formed during the process has about 20 nm in lateral size. With increase in calcination temperature, the carbon content systematically decreased. 2017, Chemical Publishing Co. All rights reserved. -
Grain-growth engineering and mechanical properties of physical-vapour-deposited InSe platelets
The present work demonstrates a novel use of physical vapour deposition for grain-growth engineering by optimizing supersaturation, which led to the evolution of stoichiometric indium monoselenide crystals, employing a custom-fabricated dual-zone furnace. The growth zone was kept at a constant temperature for different experimental runs (673-883K), while the source zone was kept at a stable temperature of 1123K. In this way, the temperature difference ?T = 240-450K resulted in a significant increase of the mass transport between the zones so as to accomplish bulk crystallization. At comparatively low supersaturation (?T = 240K), the presence of nodules and flakes was observed. When ?T = 250K, multiple grains were formed owing to temperature asymmetry at the rough vapour-solid interface. A further increase in supersaturation (?T = 330K) facilitated polyhedral grain growth, with distinct grain boundaries. A subsequent increment in ?T (400K) led to evolution of the polycrystalline morphology to well developed hexagonal platelets owing to adsorption of atoms on surface steps and kinks in accordance with the leading-edge growth mechanism. Energy-dispersive analysis by X-rays and X-ray diffraction experiments were carried out to confirm the structure and phase of crystals. Microindentation studies were done to assess the hardness and mechanical stability of the as-grown crystals in response to external loads in order to explore their suitability for solar cell applications. The investigations of bulk vapour phase transport, morphology and strengthening of InSe platelets provide pathways for the production of crystalline textures with versatile properties. International Union of Crystallography 2017. -
Mediation of Perceived Innovation Characteristics on ERP Adoption in Industrial Cluster
An industrial cluster, due to its close network of institutions, will experience various pressures that force the industry to have a homogeneous structure, norms, and practices. These pressures can also lead to adoption of innovative technologies. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is perceived as a sophisticated technology and diffuses across the cluster by its innovative characteristics. However, firms in the industrial cluster will have different rate of adoption of technologies due to the varying level of knowledge spillover and a heterogeneous absorptive capacity. This study empirically tests how absorptive capacity mediates the institutional forces and the perceived innovation characteristics towards the ERP adoption in an industrial cluster. Mediation effect and the model validity are tested using SEM technique. The results show that absorptive capacity complements the forces of institutional pressure and the perceived innovation characteristics on ERP adoption. The implications of managing the absorptive capacity for better ERP adoption are discussed. 2016 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Sublimation process and physical properties of vapor grown ?-In2Se3 platelet crystals
Indium selenide (?-In2Se3) crystals have been grown by the closed tube sublimation process in the absence of seed crystals and chemical transporting agents. The composition, structure and morphology of the samples grown under different vacuum conditions were examined by energy dispersive analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope. Structural features of the crystals obtained in a vacuum of 10?3 mbar exhibited a few reflections not belonging to ? phase, whereas X-ray diffraction spectra of the crystals deposited under a vacuum of 10?6 mbar revealed evidence of sharp peaks with high intensities of ?-In2Se3 crystalline phase. When growth runs were performed for 72 h, voids were observed on the surface whereas for a duration of 120 h, platelet crystals were obtained. Optical properties of these samples were investigated using the FT-IR and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The average transmittance of the platelets in the visible and near infrared region of solar spectrum was found to be ?81% and an optical band gap of ?2.05 eV was computed from the transmission spectrum. Photoluminescence spectra of the grown In2Se3 crystals recorded at room temperature using an excitation laser of wavelength 355 nm showed a peak in the near band edge emission (NBE) corresponding to an energy of 2.01 eV. Under an illumination power of 12 mW/cm2, the photocurrent increased linearly with applied voltage and the dark current was found to be ~2.50?9 A for 10 V. These results suggest that the as-grown ?-In2Se3 platelets crystallized from vapor deposition, possess superior optoelectronic properties than the other phases for solar cell applications. 2016 Elsevier B.V.