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Nonlinear 3D flow of Casson-Carreau fluids with homogeneousheterogeneous reactions: A comparative study
Nonlinear convective flow of magneto-Carreau-Casson liquids past a deformable surface under the aspects of heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions is investigated. The present phenomenon also included the interaction of nonlinear radiation, Ohmic and Joule dissipations. At moderate to high temperature, the nonlinear convection and radiation are significant. The governed nonlinear system is illustrated numerically via Runge-Kutta based shooting scheme in the domain [0,?). Role of significant parameters on flow fields as well as on the fiction factor, heat and mass transportation rates are determined and discussed in depth. Comparison is done for distinct flow fields of Carreau and Casson fluids. It is evaluated that the velocities of Casson liquid are higher in comparison to Carreau fluid model. However, liquid temperature for Casson fluid model is weaker in comparison to Carreau fluid. 2017 -
Synthesis, characterization and photophysical studies of a novel schiff base bearing 1, 2, 4-Triazole scaffold
A novel Schiff base derivative containing 1, 2, 4-triazole nucleus (TMPIMP) was synthesized from 4- [1,2,4] triazol-1-ylmethyl-phenylamine and salicylaldehyde in the presence of glacial acetic acid in an ethanolic medium. The synthesized compound was characterized by 1H-NMR, IR and UV spectral analysis. The excitation and emission spectra of triazolyl methyl phenyl imino methyl phenol (abbreviated as TMPIMP) were recorded in various solvents to investigate their solvatochromic behaviour. Dipole moments of the two electronic states of TMPIMP were calculated from solvatochromic spectral shifts. These were correlated with refractive index (?) and dielectric constant (?) of various solvents. Theoretical calculations were performed to estimate the excited state dipole moment on the basis of different solvent correlation methods, like the Bilot-Kawski, Bakhshiev, Lippert-Mataga, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet and Reichardt methods. The dipole moment in the excited state was found to be higher than that in the ground state due to a substantial redistribution of electron densities and charges. Using a multiple regression analysis, the solvent-solute interactions were determined by means of Kamlet Taft parameters (?, ?, ??). Computational studies were performed by Gaussian 09 W software using a time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) in order to calculate the atomic charges and frontier molecular orbital energies in the solvent phase. The calculations indicated that the dipole moment of the molecule in an excited state is much higher than that in a ground state. The chemical stability of TMPIMP was determined by means of chemical hardness (?) using HOMO-LUMO energies. The reactive centers in the molecule were also identified by molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) 3D plots as a result of TD-DFT computational analysis. 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. -
Fear estimation-evidence from BRICS and UK
The paper aims to build a composite Fear Index for the BRICS countries and UK by adding new dimensions to the initial structure, such as overbought/oversold conditions and commodity impacts. The main purpose is to identify the degree in which fear really percolates down to all the market participants, respectively if this generates a certain asset transfer to Gold. The results point out the GMM model as the best fit for explaining the link between the Fear Index and the behaviour of market participants. It also confirms the transfer of assets to a safer asset class during the phases of high volatility on the market. Serials Publications Pvt. Ltd. -
Synthesis, crystal structure and photophysical properties of (E)-4-(4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)benzyl)oxazolidin-2-one
A new Schiff base, (4-(benzylideneamino)benzyl)oxazolidin-2-one has been synthesised from 4-(4-aminobenzyl)oxazolidin-2-one and salicylaldehyde by a simple condensation reaction. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of (E)-4-(4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino) benzyl)oxazolidin-2-one (HBOA) revealed that there is a 1-D, slipped, face-to-face motif with off-set, head-to-tail stacked columns. Detailed studies on photophysical properties of the synthesised compound in solutions indicate their potential applications in the field of organic light emitting devices and nonlinear optical materials. Absorption and fluorescence study of HBOA has been conducted in a series of solvents with increasing polarity at room temperature. Ground and excited state dipole moments have been determined experimentally by using LippertMataga polarity function, Bakhshiev solvent polarity parameter, KawskiiChammaViallet solvent polarity parameter and Richardt?s microscopic solvent polarity parameter. Due to the considerable ?-electron density redistribution, the excited state dipole moment was found to be larger than that of the ground state. The ground state dipole moment value was determined by quantum chemical method which was used to estimate excited state dipole moment through solvatochromic correlations. KamletTaft and Catalan methods were used to get the information of both non-specific solutesolvent interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions. TD-DFT (B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)) has been used for the determination of HOMOLUMO energies. Mulliken charges and Molecular electrostatic potential were also evaluated from DFT calculations. 2016 Elsevier B.V. -
Directional solidification and characterization of InBi1?xSbx crystals
Homogeneous and stoichiometric samples of InBi1?xSbx (x=0, 0.1) crystals have been directionally solidified to explore their suitability for optoelectronic applications. Prior to the growth, the temperature distribution of an indigenously fabricated horizontal furnace has been analysed and optimized to conduct the growth experiments on the basis of phase diagram of the material. Systematic trials have been carried out for several growth runs (48, 60 and 72h) by maintaining an axial temperature gradient of 4, 6 and 8C/cm with the aid of a temperature controller mechanism. The key parameters governing the growth mechanism, composition, phase, and structure of the grown InBi1?xSbx crystals were investigated via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The presence of secondary phases was ruled out and the average congruent melting points of InBi and InBi0.9Sb0.1 samples were confirmed as 109.43 and 121.13C respectively, by employing differential scanning calorimetric analysis. Investigations on the optical, electrical and mechanical properties of these materials were carried out. Vickers microhardness was found to increase with the Sb incorporation. The average optical band gap computed from the IR transmission spectra was found to be 0.165eV. The results obtained promise that InBi1?xSbx crystals grown by directional solidification are favourable candidates than those grown by other melt methods. 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York. -
Cattaneo-Christov heat flux on UCM nanofluid flow across a melting surface with double stratification and exponential space dependent internal heat source
Melting and exponential space dependent internal heat source effects on magnetohydrodynamic of upper convected Maxwell liquid towards a horizontal flat surface are addressed. The combined effect of Brownian motion and thermophoresis in nanofluid modeling are retained. The Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model is imposed. Impacts of thermal and solutal stratifications are also accounted. A set of similarity variables are utilized to form ordinary differential system from the prevailing partial differential equations. The problem of ordinary differential system is analyzed numerically through Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg based shooting method. Graphical results of pertinent parameters on the velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration are studied. Skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also addressed. 2017 -
Classification, source, and effect of environmental pollutants and their biodegradation
Any foreign chemical substance that is unusually present within an organism or is unexpectedly found in the environment at a higher concentration than the permissible limits can be termed a xenobiotic or a pollutant. Such substances include carcinogens, drugs, food additives, hydrocarbons, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides or even some natural compounds. Pollutants are known for their higher persistence and pervasiveness, and along with their transformed products, they can remain in and interact with the environment for prolonged periods. In this article, the classification of such substances based on their nature, use, physical state, pathophysiological effects, and sources is discussed. The effects of pollutants on the environment, their biotransformation in terms of bioaccumulation, and the different types of remediation such as in situ and ex situ remediation, are also presented. 2017 Begell House, Inc. -
Mental health through forgiveness: Exploring the roots and benefits
Forgiveness is conceptualized as the process of making peace with life. The three sources of forgiveness, another person, oneself, and a situation or circumstance are capable of freeing a person from a negative association to the source that has transgressed against a person. Research studies show the mental health benefits associated with forgiveness. The present study explores the experiences of adults who practice forgiveness, specifically, the indicators of forgiveness, the childhood antecedents, and the benefits of forgiving behavior. The study uses a qualitative research approach following a phenomenological framework. A total of 12 adults, ranging from 25 to 40 years of age, who received a high score on Heartland Forgiveness Scale were included in the study. Using semi-structured in-depth interviews, their personal experiences were explored. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes emerged show that the childhood antecedents of forgiveness are parental influences and early childhood experiences. The indicators of forgiving behavior include positive emotional state, empathy and perspective taking, and religiosity. The themes identified are enhanced sense of well-being, improved self-acceptance, and competence to deal with challenges. Forgiveness enhanced physical and psychological well-being. The findings of the study have several implications for religious leaders, teachers, parents, mental health professionals, and trainers. 2016 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. -
Impact of macroeconomic variables on the stock performance of select companies in manufacturing industry
The efficient functioning of a stock market is influenced by different macro economic factors like Inflation, Interest rates, exchange rate etc. The favourable Macro Economic Variables both domestic economy and global economy inspire the organisations to go for strategic investment activities in domestic and global markets and reflect positively on the company financial performance and firms fundamentals like Revenues, Operating margins, Earnings Per Share, the Economic Value , Market value, and the Firms overall Value. These positive indicators in the fundamentals of the firms send positive signals into stock markets and generate positive perceptions about the company's stock prices in the market. Markets become so attractive to domestic and foreign investors which drive the share price of different companies , specially Blue chips upwards and creates value to the shareholders .According to the study organized the impact of macro economic variables is not uniform and the impact varies betweem various macro economic variables on the stock market performance. Serials Publications Pvt. Ltd. -
SILICON DEPLETION in the INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
We report interstellar silicon (Si) depletion and dust-phase column densities of Si along 131 Galactic sight lines using archival observations. The data were corrected for differences in the assumed oscillator strength. This is a much larger sample than previous studies but confirms the majority of results, which state that the depletion of Si is correlated with the average density of hydrogen along the line of sight ( (H) as well as the fraction of hydrogen in molecular form ( f(H2)). We also find that the linear part of the extinction curve is independent of Si depletion. Si depletion is correlated with the bump strength (c3/RV) and the FUV curvature (c4/RV) suggesting that silicon plays a significant role in both the 2175 bump and the FUV rise. 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. -
Teaching as a political act: The role of critical pedagogical practices and curriculum
The present paper is an inquiry into the role of the teacher in the context of the dominant Indian value system, an imposed curriculum and teacher-students interactions from the social psychological and critical interdisciplinary perspectives. The role of the school in the present modernist worldview is to frame and impart knowledge which may lead to economic growth. In this context, the role of the teacher is observed as being limited to a bearer of information rather than a leader who visualizes change and develops critical ability among students. Based on the theoretical framework of postformalism and collective/social identity, the current work argues that the role of the teacher is not limited to passively following and communicating mainstream values but involves constructing a new participative identity through critical pedagogical engagement and by acting as an active agent of social change. Institute for Research in Social Communication, Slovak Academy of Sciences. -
Series solutions for an unsteady flow and heat transfer of a rotating dusty fluid with radiation effect
A theoretical analysis of free convective MHD flow of an unsteady rotating dusty fluid under the influence of hall current and radiation effect is carried out. The fluid flow is considered in the porous media under the influence of periodic pressure gradient and the fluid is assumed to be viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting with uniform distribution of dust particles. The governing partial differential equations are solved analytically using perturbation technique and the expressions for skin-friction is also derived. Further the effect of various pertinent parameter like magnetic parameter, rotation parameter and Hall current parameter on velocity of both fluid and dust phases are depicted graphically and the effect of radiation parameter, Grashof number and Prandtl number on temperature profile is also discussed in detail. 2017, Univerzita Komenskeho. All rights reserved. -
Total syntheses of Prelactone V and Prelactone B
The total syntheses of natural products Prelactone-V and Prelactone-B have been accomplished by a novel Chiron approach starting from D-glucose. The synthesis involves isopropylidene acetal formation of D-glucose using Poly(4-vinylpyridine) supported iodine as a catalyst, Tebbe olefination, Grignard reaction, Wittig olefination, selective mono deprotection of acetal using PMA/SiO2, hydrogenation and anti-1,3-diol formation are as key steps. 2017 -
Feature extraction of optical character recognition: Survey
Optical Character Recognition is still prevailing even after many decades of implementation. The challenges faced here are increasing day by day so as its applications. From Punched cards to Handwritten Text, from images to video, from uniform font to universal font, from English text to Global language, from researchers to visually handicapped are the transformations obtained from an era of the 1980s to 2010. This paper has covered the advancement of acknowledging the characters, how are features are extracted, various methodologies used and more importantly what is the use of OCR. Research India Publications. -
Nonlinear convective and radiated flow of tangent hyperbolic liquid due to stretched surface with convective condition
The current study compacts with effect of nonlinear convection and radiation on tangent hyperbolic fluid flow of through a convectively heated vertical surface. The converted set of boundary layer equations are solved numerically by Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The effect of various pertinent parameters on flow and heat transfer characteristics are discussed with tabulated numerical values and deliberate figures. Additionally, the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also presented. We noticed that, the skin friction factor and heat transfer rates are higher in presence of nonlinear convection than its absence. Further, velocity profile decreases by increasing power law index but establishes opposite results for skin friction. 2017 -
Measuring Indian Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae) abundance at Basur Amruth Mahal Kaval Conservation Reserve, Chikkamagaluru, southern India
Grasslands are among the most critically endangered ecosystems in the tropics, but they are often treated as wastelands and conservation efforts are seldom directed towards these landscapes. The Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra is a large wild herbivore found in most grassland ecosystems across India. Despite their critical role in their trophic web, there are no reliable estimates of Blackbuck populations from their geographic range that takes detection probability into consideration. In this study, we conducted field surveys to estimate Blackbuck density in Basur Amruth Mahal Kaval Conservation (BAMKCR) with an area of 7.36km2 in southern India. We surveyed Blackbucks for a week in July 2014 along straight line transects between 09:00-12:00 hr and used the distance sampling approach to address the imperfect detection. A total of three transect lines of lengths 3.01km, 2.4km and 1.2km were sampled for seven temporal replicates. With an effort of 46.27km, 56 sightings of Blackbucks were recorded that was analyzed using the program DISTANCE. With a detection probability of 0.58 (0.053 SD) the estimated density of Blackbuck was 26.23 (6 SD) individuals/km2. The derived abundance estimate was 193 (c. 148-238) individuals in the study area. Our results show implications of a statistically robust design that accounts for imperfect detection. It provides an insight into a resident population of Blackbucks in a dynamic and fragile habitat. Blackbuck density estimate from this study sets the background for periodic monitoring of their populations, examination of the impacts of habitat modifications and gauge long-term viability of the grassland habitat in BAMKCR. Sagar & Antoney 2017. -
Understanding document semantics from summaries: A case study on Hindi texts
Summary of a document contains words that actually contribute to the semantics of the document. Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is a mathematical model that is used to understand document semantics by deriving a semantic structure based on patterns of word correlations in the document. When using LSA to capture semantics from summaries, it is observed that LSA performs quite well despite being completely independent of any external sources of semantics. However, LSA can be remodeled to enhance its capability to analyze correlations within texts. By taking advantage of the model being language independent, this article presents two stages of LSA remodeling to understand document semantics in the Indian context, specifically from Hindi text summaries. One stage of remodeling is done by providing supplementary information, such as document category and domain information. The second stage of remodeling is done by using a supervised term weighting measure in the process. The remodeled LSA's performance is empirically evaluated in a document classification application by comparing the accuracies of classification to plain LSA. An improvement in the performance of LSA in the range of 4.7% to 6.2% is achieved from the remodel when compared to the plain model. The results suggest that summaries of documents efficiently capture the semantic structure of documents and is an alternative to full-length documents for understanding document semantics. 2016 ACM. -
Spectroscopic study of Be-shell stars: 4 Her and 88 Her
We present an optical spectroscopic study based on 41 spectra of 4 Her and 32 spectra of 88 Her, obtained over a period of 6 months. We estimate the rotational velocity of these stars from HeI lines in the blue spectral region (4000-4500 . We find that these stars are likely to be rotating at a fractional critical rotation of ?0.80. We measure the average I p/I c ratio to quantify the strength of the H? line and obtain 1.63 for 4 Her and 2.06 for 88 Her. The radius of the H? emission region is estimated to be Rd/R? ?5.0, assuming a Keplerian disk. These stars are thus found to be fast rotators with a relatively small H? emission region. We detect V/R variation of the H? spectral line during the observed period. We re-estimate the periods for both stars and obtain a period of ?46 d and its harmonic of 23.095 d for 4 Her, and a period of ?86 d for 88 Her. As these two cases are shell stars with binaries and have low H? EW with the emission region closer to the central star, the V/R variation and a change in period may be an effect of the binary on the circumstellar disk. 2016 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Photophysical study of 6-amino-3-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile and estimation of ground-state and singlet excited-state dipole moments by solvatochromic approaches
An investigation of absorption and fluorescence behaviour of 6-amino-3-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile (NDPPC) at room temperature was carried out using a series of twelve organic solvents with different polarities. Ground and excited state dipole moments were determined experimentally by using LippertMataga polarity function, Bakhshiev solvent polarity parameter, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet solvent polarity parameter, Reichardt's microscopic solvent polarity parameter, Kamlet-Abboud-Taft multiple linear regression and Catalan dipolar polarizibility approach. Due to considerable ?- electron density redistribution, the value of excited state dipole moment was found to be greater than that of the ground state. The ground state dipole moment value was determined by quantum chemical method which was used to estimate excited state dipole moment using solvatochromic correlations. Both non-specific solute-solvent interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions were investigated by using Kamlet-Abboud-Taft and Catalan method. TD-DFT (B3LYP/6-311G (d,p)) was used for the determination of HOMO-LUMO energies. 2016 Elsevier B.V. -
Role of psychosocial factors in criminal behaviour in adults in India
Over the years, there has been a steady increase in the number of crimes committed annually in India (Snapshots, 2014). The purpose of this paper was to delve into the psychological and social factors that contribute to the development of criminal behaviour in the Indian context. For the current research, concurrent embedded mixed research design was used. Twenty individuals with a criminal record were selected using purposive sampling and twenty individuals with no criminal record were matched on the basis of age, gender and socio economic status. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised was administered on them. A semi structured interview delving into understanding the social factors that contributed to the criminal behaviour was taken for six individuals who have a criminal record. Results revealed that there was no significant difference in the personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism and lie score between the two groups. However, various social factors like lack of social support, less emphasis on education and awareness, financial constraints and certain individual traits were found to be prevalent. Furthermore, an interactive effect of personality and environmental factors was established. A model was also proposed for providing interventions at an individual as well as societal level. 2017 International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences.