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Cost-effective cryptographic architecture in quantum dot cellular automata for secured nano-communication
Quantum dot cellular automata (QCA) provide rapid computational efficiency, high density and low power consumption, which is an alternative for CMOS technology. In digital world, cryptography is an important feature to protect digital data. To ensure the data protection in nano-communication, a QCA-based cryptographic architecture is proposed in this article. In the proposed design, the encryption and decryption are done with the help of random keys which is produced by the pseudo random number generator (PRNG). In this paper, architectural component of cryptographic architecture includes XOR block, 1 to 4 de-multiplexer and PRNG, which are realised using QCA. Finally, an integration of the individual components through clock zone-based crossover, lead to the generation of a novel cryptographic architecture. This design achieves low cost compared to the existing literature, as it uses minimum number of majority gate and inverters with clock zone-based crossover. Copyright 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Cost-effective route to nanodiamonds from low-rank coal and their fluorescent & dielectric characteristics
The synthesis of nanodiamonds from abundant and inexpensive precursors has recently piqued the curiosity of researchers. It has the potential to significantly reduce the cost of nanodiamonds and open up a plethora of new applications. In this work, fluorescent nanodiamonds with smaller particle sizes with rich surface functionality are synthesized from low-grade coal lignite by employing a facile acidic oxidation and ultrasonication approach. The extracted nanodiamond particles are hydrophilic and display high excitation-dependent fluorescence in the aqueous medium. The excitation-dependent fluorescence can be ascribed to the collaboration and competition of the OH and COOH functional groups. The as-synthesized nanodiamonds also show good dielectric permittivity and ac conductivity over a wide frequency range at room temperature. The present research opens up the possibility of mass production of nanodiamonds on the industrial scale from a low-cost precursor. 2021 -
Cost-enabled QoS aware task scheduling in the cloud management system
Maintaining the quality of service (QoS) related parameters is an important issue in cloud management systems. The lack of such QoS parameters discourages cloud users from using the services of cloud service providers. The proposed task scheduling algorithms consider QoS parameters such as the latency, make-span, and load balancing to satisfy the user requirements. These parameters cannot sufficiently guarantee the desired user experience or that a task will be completed within a predetermined time. Therefore, this study considered the cost-enabled QoS-aware task (job) scheduling algorithm to enhance user satisfaction and maximize the profit of commercial cloud providers. The proposed scheduling algorithm estimates the cost-enabled QoS metrics of the virtual resources available from the unified resource layer in real-time. Moreover, the virtual machine (VM) manager frequently updates the current state-of-the art information about resources in the proposed scheduler to make appropriate decisions. Hence, the proposed approach guarantees profit for cloud providers in addition to providing QoS parameters such as make-span, cloud utilization, and cloud utility, as demonstrated through a comparison with existing time-and cost-based task scheduling algorithms. 2021 - IOS Press. All rights reserved. -
Counseling and psychotherapy in india: Professionalism amidst changing times
India is a melting pot of diversity in castes, communities, geographical regions, languages, religions, and practices, within a geographical area of 32,87,263 kilometers, with 28 states and seven union territories. Although the notions of counseling and psychotherapy are Western, the process of mentoring and assisting individuals through their developmental issues was already present in ancient models of care in India, such as the Guru Shishya System,1 the Joint Family Network,2 and traditional healing. Counseling and psychotherapy do not exist as completely distinct disciplines in India. Although counseling grew out of a strong guidance format and led to a proliferation of trained and lay counselors and psychotherapy arose from a strong theoretical clinical psychology background, these differences are blurred in society. As Arulmani (2007) points out: all that is termed as counseling today was embedded within a complex support system of social relationships (p. 70). Although these fields progressed, difficulties with accreditation exist. The Indian Association of Clinical Psychologists (IACP), along with other bodies such as the Counseling Association of India, offer discussions of matters related to psychotherapy counseling and clinical psychology, and provide the code of conduct in India (IACP, 1993). Varma (1982) highlighted seven distinct features of the Indian population that strongly infiuence how counseling and psychotherapy are practiced and received by clients: Mutual interdependence, lack of psychological sophistication involving introspective and verbal abilities, social distance between the doctor and the patient due to class hierarchies, religious belief in rebirth and fatalism and related accountability, guilt attributed to misdeeds in past life and social approval-related shame, and lower emphasis on confidentiality as society can be therapeutic allies. India is a collectivistic society wherein the self is relational (Roland, 2005), though recent socio-economic changes have resulted in a contradictory mix of traditional and modern elements in families (Murthy, 2003). Shah and Isaac (2005) note that relationship problems dominate themes in clinical interviews and in the process of individual, couple and family therapy sessions in India. 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Counseling and Psychotherapy in India: Radha's Story
This chapter discusses the case of Radha, who presented with depression and infertility. The focus of counseling was to alleviate Radha's psychological distress, help her redefine her identity, and explore alternatives to infertility in the individual and marital context. The counselor's suggestion to use traditional healing practices, especially Pranayama, greatly helped the client, as she used these practices as for preventive coping. Handling the sensitive issue of infertility was challenging for the counselor, especially dealing with the ingrained cultural resistance to infertility and the client's value system that contributed to her own psychological state. Classical approaches to counseling and psychotherapy are indeed useful but require contextualization and an understanding of eclectic practice. Along with eclectic practice, integration of alternative systems of care, such as traditional healing practices, is seen as essential in the practice of counseling and psychotherapy in India. 2015 by the American Counseling Association. All rights reserved. -
Counselling and psychological wellbeing of people living with HIV in Kerala
There is a dearth in the documentation of the benefits of HIV-counseiling in India. This article deals with how HIV-counselling facilitates the psychological wellbeing of Persons Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Kerala, India. About 269 PLHIV participated in the study. Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Illness Perception Questionnaire and Psychological Wellbeing Scale were used. It was noticed that counselling did not impact the scores on subscales such as Timeline, Emotional Representation and Consequences, while the scores on Self-Acceptance and Autonomy did not differ even with counselling. Findings call for a reconsideration of the way HIV-counselling is provided. -
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Countering educational disruptions through an inclusive approach: Bridging the digital divide in distance education
The COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc across the globe, irrespective of governments, industries, and societies. The education sector is one of the most extensively affected by the global health crisis, manifesting expansive negative consequences to learners from various age groups and socioeconomic statuses. Despite the predicaments posed by the pandemic, academic institutions continue to provide education through a distance learning approach. However, the educational disruptions have underscored the lack of digital resources and competencies, excluding poor and unconnected students. Likewise, transitioning to remote education exposed the digital divide and inequalities that have been neglected for a long time. If the ultimate objective is to provide distance education, it is vital to devise solutions to problems faced by underprivileged students. This chapter investigates these challenges that impede the successful adoption of distance education and offers strategies to counter the disruptions as it seems apparent that online education is here to stay. 2022, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
COUPLE STRESS EFFECT ON FERRO-CONVECTION TRIGGERED BY CHEMICAL REACTION IN A POROUS LAYER WITH SPARSE DISTRIBUTION; [????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????????????, ??????????? ???????? ???????? ? ????????? ???? ? ??????????? ??????????]
The study delves into the impact of couple stress on the commencement of convection in a porous material oriented horizontally. This layer contains a chemically reactive ferromagnetic fluid and experiences bottom heating. The investigation utilizes small perturbation methodology to explore and understand the impact of couple stress on the initiation of convection in this specific system. With the assumption of a non-autocatalytic exothermic reaction, eigenvalues are determined utilizing the Galerkin method. The analysis explores the effects of magnetic and couple stress parameters, as well as the Frank-Kamenetskii number. The observation indicates that the acceleration of the onset of ferroconvection is influenced by both magnetic forces and chemical reactions. Simultaneously, the presence of the couple stress component serves to stabilize the system. Moreover, when the nonlinearity of magnetization is sufficiently pronounced, the destabilization of the fluid layer is observed to be marginal. 2024 Oles Honchar Dnipro National University; -
CovalentOrganic Frameworks (COF): An Advanced Generation of Reticular Organic Polymers for Energy and Environmental Applications
Over the past decade, nanoporous materials have caught strong attention among the scientific community due to their tremendous potential in real-world applications. This chapter introduces one such group of nanoporous materials called Covalent Organic Frameworks or simply COFs. Here, we briefly covered the overview of synthesis of COFs and their post-synthetic modifications employing different linkages boron, imine, triazine linkages, etc. High porosity with adjustable periodic pores, well-defined structures, and tunable skeletons are some of the key properties of COFs. In account of such advantages COFs have been scientifically researched in applications like adsorption, separation, energy storage devices, sensing, and especially in degrading various pollutants like heavy metals As, Cd, Cr, Cu; radionuclides UO 2 2+, TcO 4 ?, Nd 3 +, I 2; organic waste dyes, pharmaceutical waste, organo-phosphorous retardants, etc. This chapter specifically describes the current advancement of COFs in segregating hazardous chemicals by sorption methods. One such example is heavy metal sorption in trace amounts from water which otherwise can pose a great threat to human health if not removed completely. Some of these ions include UO 2 2+. By utilizing weak chemical interactions for dye confinement within COF pores, industrial sewage water can be made dye free. ?-conjugated backbones found in aromatic COFs could function as a signal transducer, or active functional groups evenly spaced could act as a receptor, and the uniform pores can serve as mass transfer inducer/enhancers. As a result, COFs can facilitate facile and smooth ion transport by the virtue of redox activities within COF pores. This makes COF a robust and efficient material for energy applications particularly in designing batteries and supercapacitors. Thus, COFs could act as a potential electrodes both anode and cathode for energy storage devices. The current chapter also highlights the development in the field of environmental applications using COF materials. In a nutshell, this chapter gives the reader an idea about many fold advantages of COFs in the energy and environmental sector to combat rising environmental concerns and energy demands. 2025 WILEY-VCH GmbH, Boschstra 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany. All rights reserved. -
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Coverage of Kasthurirangan report by Major Kerala newspapers: A study based on two national and regional newspapers /
This paper tries to evaluate the phenomenon of news-views coverageon Kasthurirangan Report in Print Media considering its peak discussed period that is, from November 2013 to January 2014. The time constraint made the researcher to restrict only to print media coverage in Kerala rather considering the other forms of media platform‟s coverage. -
Coverage of Northeast India in the Indian Mainstream Media: A Study of the Perception of Northeast Indians Living in Bangalore
The research is on Coverage of Northeast India in the Indian Mainstream Media: A Study of the Perception of Northeast Indians Living in Bangalore. Northeast refers to the eastern most region of India consisting of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim. The motivation to conduct this research has come from a viewable communication gap about the Northeast public in the mainstream or the national media. The hypothesis for this paper is media is not successful in giving the right picture of Northeast India to the rest of the country thereby making people from Northeast unsatisfied with the amount of media coverage or the kind of media coverage they receive. This study uses a quantitative method and data was collected with the help of the research tool, questionnaire. This study was conducted in Bangalore in the year 2009 - 2010. Through this research it has been found that Northeast Indians think that they are not given adequate space and time by the Indian mainstream media and they are covered mainly during insurgencies thereby giving a wrong image of their region. Northeast Indians are also using alternative media options like social networking sites and blogs to reach out to the masses in the absence of mainstream media interest. It has also been found that Northeast Indians feel that fellow Indians do not know much about them and their region and they are treated as foreigners in their own country. -
Covert Conditioning for Persistent Aggressive Behaviors: A Case Illustration
In psychotherapy practice and training, single case study design plays an indispensable role by effectively articulating the application of textbook knowledge, thereby bridging the gap between theory and practice. This article, on similar lines, illustrates one such successful example of the application of the classical behavioral technique of covert conditioning modified with a component of verbal challenging. A woman in her late-thirties reported with long-standing seemingly-resistant-to-treat symptoms of aggressive behavior of beating children. The client had a total of 10 daily sessions of 6090 minutes each. By the end of one week, she reported not beating children in this period. She felt extremely relieved because it had happened for the first time in 10 years. The intensity of anger had decreased drastically, and she was not shouting any longer. She had to discontinue sessions abruptly due to unavoidable circumstances. Although she was suggested to follow up the intensive sessions again, she was not able to do it due to feasibility issues. The improvement was maintained on follow-up visits after two weeks, four weeks, and three months. 2021 The Author(s). -
COVID 19 fatalities burden in Asian countries: An analysis of pattern and determinants
Covid 19 pandemic has severe implications on health and life of people. Asia being the most populous region has higher fatalities burden. Health infrastructure, stringent preventive measures by the government and public participation through adhering to social distancing have influence to check on fatalities' burden. The level of Social capital as well as voters' participation in a particular country can have influence on containment of COVID cases and fatalities. In this context, the main objectives of this study are to analyse pattern and trend of death burden for 45 Asian countries and impact of stringency measures by government, and voters turnout ratio on death burden. However, for regression analysis only 32 countries are taken into account considering the availability of data for all variables. Multiple linear regression analysis is employed in a cross-sectional framework and Ordinary least square estimation technique with heteroscedastic adjusted standard errors have been used for estimation of coefficients. The results show that southern Asia contributes the highest share of fatality cases in total fatality cases of Asia with 71.43% share. It also has the highest share of confirmed cases in total confirmed cases of Asia with 71.72%. However, when we take the population into account, Western Asia leads in the share of confirmed COVID-19 cases and its associated fatality cases per million populations in Asia as compared to other Asian regions. The factors like health infrastructure and voters turnover ratio are found to be significant and potential in reducing the new deaths per million populations. Though the coefficient of Stringency index has been negative and it did not emerge to be significant in Asian countries. The COVID related fatalities in Asian region are urban centric and urbanization proxy is found to be positive and significant. Diabetes prevalence rate has some heterogeneous result and in the present study its coefficient is not in the hypothesized direction. The Countries should ramp up health infrastructure and necessary preparedness to deal with the subsequent waves and COVID related fatalities. Importance need to be given people's participation and their shared responsibilities in dealing with COVID cases and checking on fatalities. The realisation of social responsibility among the masses can lead to community participation and adhering to the protocols imposed by the government and helps in checking on spread of virus and associated death. 2022 The Author(s) -
Covid 19 impact assessment index for manufacturing MSMES /
Patent Number: 202141035478, Applicant: Theresa Nithila Vincent.
The COV1D 19 pandemic disrupted the functioning of enterprises and posed a significant effect on the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. The level of impact was varying depending on the type of business. This study aims to develop an index to assess the impact of COVTD 19 on the manufacturing MSMEs by studying the impact on the Key Performance Indicators, namely; Labour, Supply Chain, Production and Revenue. -
Covid 19 impact assessment index for manufacturing MSMES /
Patent Number: 202141035478, Applicant: Theresa Nithila Vincent.
The COV1D 19 pandemic disrupted the functioning of enterprises and posed a significant effect on the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. The level of impact was varying depending on the type of business. This study aims to develop an index to assess the impact of COVTD 19 on the manufacturing MSMEs by studying the impact on the Key Performance Indicators, namely; Labour, Supply Chain, Production and Revenue. -
Covid monitoring system based on sensed health parameters /
Patent Number: 202141032212, Applicant: Dr. Nimson Rio R.
A covid monitoring system (100), the system (100) comprising: a wearable (102) to be worn by a primary user, wherein the wearable (102) comprises: sensors (122a-122n) configured to sense signals representing health parameters of the primary user; a location detector (124) configured to detect real-time coordinates of the primary user; a controller (130) configured to. -
Covid related distress and its impact on mental health a study based on early and late adolescents in Bangalore
The closure of educational institutions and social distancing norms have impacted the life of adolescents. Forced to stay at home, limited interaction with friends and online schooling are some of the factors that have affected their lives. While some researchers believe that the true extent of the impact on the mental health of the adolescent is still not clear, others propose that the impact will only be observable in later stages of their life. In an attempt to understand the impact of the COVID related distress factors on the mental well being of adolescents, the current study collected data from 100 early adolescents and 100 late adolescents. The COVID related distress factors were measured through an instrument designed for the same, while mental well being was measured through depression symptoms and general anxiety levels. The finings of the study identify the particular distress factors that have a significant impact on the mental well-being of adolescents. The findings also identify the factors that are significant in predicting the mental well-being of each category, separately. 2023 -
Covid stimulating organic food consumption: Exploring factors of consumer buying behaviour
The outburst of coronavirus pandemic has forced people to rethink about their eating habits, what do they eat, where they get their food from, and how the food is produced, stored, and prepared. Statistics confirms that there is a significant growth in awareness level for organic foods in the global market. The purpose this study is to explore the factors leading to the perception and attitude for the purchase of organic/healthy food in the immediate context of food crisis in India. The questionnaire was used to implement the study and data was gathered from 387 respondents from the Delhi NCR, India. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used for the data analysis. The finding reveals eight factors named as natural content, nutritional content, sensory appeal, environmental concern, attitude, lifestyle, perceived value and purchase intentions, leading to consumption of organic food. These results reflect the shift in nutritional content and natural content are the two most important variable leading to organic food consumption. 2021 Ecological Society of India. All rights reserved.