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Review on impacts of micro- and nano-plastic on aquatic ecosystems and mitigation strategies
The rapid proliferation of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in our environment presents a formidable hazard to both biotic and abiotic components. These pollutants originate from various sources, including commercial production and the breakdown of larger plastic particles. Widespread contamination of the human body, agroecosystems, and animals occurs through ingestion, entry into the food chain, and inhalation. Consequently, the imperative to devise innovative methods for MPs and NPs remediation has become increasingly apparent. This review explores the current landscape of strategies proposed to mitigate the escalating threats associated with plastic waste. Among the array of methods in use, microbial remediation emerges as a promising avenue for the decomposition and reclamation of MPs and NPs. In response to the growing concern, numerous nations have already implemented or are in the process of adopting regulations to curtail MPs and NPs in aquatic habitats. This paper aims to address this gap by delving into the environmental fate, behaviour, transport, ecotoxicity, and management of MPs and NPs particles within the context of nanoscience, microbial ecology, and remediation technologies. Key findings of this review encompass the intricate interdependencies between MPs and NPs and their ecosystems. The ecological impact, from fate to ecotoxicity, is scrutinized in light of the burgeoning environmental imperative. As a result, this review not only provides an encompassing understanding of the ecological ramifications of MPs and NPs but also highlights the pressing need for further research, innovation, and informed interventions. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Purple Blue emission in MoO3:Ce3+ nanorods: Investigation on the structural and photoluminescence properties
MoO3:Ce3+ nanophosphors were synthesized with different doping concentrations of cerium by hydrothermal method. Structural, optical, and photoluminescence properties were explored. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies were carried out to examine the crystal structure, vibrational modes and symmetry. XRD and Raman spectroscopy assures the orthorhombic phase of MoO3 for the pure and doped samples. Nanorod like morphology was obtained for pure and doped samples. XPS analysis confirms the presence of Ce3+. While analyzing UVVis absorption spectra, the change in optical bandgap was observed with doping concentration in agreement with size effect. The refractive index of the prepared nanorods was evaluated. For MoO3:Ce3+nanorods excited at 250 nm, purple-blue emission comprising of transitions between 2D ? 2F7/2 along with 2D ? 2F5/2 levels of Ce3+ in MoO3 lattice were obtained. The concentration quenching mechanism was observed in MoO3:Ce3+ nanophosphors. Purple-blue emission from different samples were quantified using CIE chromaticity diagram. This work marks MoO3:Ce3+ nanorods as a suitable candidate for display and fluorescence imaging application. 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS -
Hi line analysis of Herbig Ae/Be stars using X-Shooter spectra
Herbig Ae/Be stars are intermediate-mass pre-main sequence stars undergoing accretion through their circumstellar disk. The optical and infrared (IR) spectra of HAeBe stars show Hi emission lines belonging to Balmer, Paschen and Brackett series. We used the archival X-Shooter spectra available for 109 HAeBe stars from Vioque et al. (2018) and analysed the various Hi lines present in them. We segregated the stars into different classes based on the presence of higher-order lines in different Hi series. We discussed the dependence of the appearance of higher-order lines on the stellar parameters. We found that most massive and younger stars show all the higher-order lines in emission. The stars showing only lower-order lines have Teff< 12 , 000 K and an age range of 510 Myr. We performed a case B line ratio analysis for a sub-sample of stars showing most of the Hi lines in emission. We noted that all but four stars belonging to the sub-sample show lower Hi line ratios than theoretical values, owing to the emitting medium being optically thick. The Hiline flux ratios do not depend on the stars spectral type. Further, from the line ratios of lower-order lines and Paschen higher-order lines, we note that line ratios of most HAeBe stars match with electron density value in the range of 10 9 10 11 cm - 3 . The electron temperature, however, could not be ascertained with confidence using the line ratios studied in this work. 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences. -
The Cartesian product of wheel graph and path graph is antimagic
Suppose each edge of a simple connected undirected graph is given a unique number from the numbers 1, 2, . . ., q, where q is the number of edges of that graph. Then each vertex is labelled with sum of the labels of the edges incident to it. If no two vertices have the same label, then the graph is called an antimagic graph. We prove that the Cartesian product of wheel graph and path graph is antimagic. 2023 Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. -
Secure medical sensor monitoring framework using novel optimal encryption algorithm driven by Internet of Things
Recently, healthcare monitoring systems have emerged as significant tolls for constant monitoring of patient's physiological characteristics. These systems use implanted sensors. IoT (Internet of Things) have revolutionized healthcare systems where health care equipment's are equipped with many sensors that actively collect data from patients and pass it on to cloud based storages using gateway sensors. Securing data have been significant barriers in many applications as false information get injected, or important information are modified or stolen at different phases of health care systems dependent on IoT. The attacks can also result in fatalities making it imperative to secure IoT based health care systems. A Hybrid technique combining MOAES (Modified Optimal Advanced Encryption Standard) with CM (Chaotic Map) Encryptions called HMOAES-CM technique is proposed. This technique can be helpful in securely accessing the patient data over online mode, and in addition, the data sharing can be performed in an encrypted form for the necessary targets of stakeholders. The proposed authentication approach is aimed at IoT, which is resilient to all kinds of network attacks and its implementation is also simpler. Comparing the suggested work to similar works, the level of evaluation is much improved. 2023 The Authors -
Unlocking the Antimicrobial, Antifungal, and Anticancer Power of Chitosan-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become a research focus due to its antimicrobial, anticancer applications and cost-effective properties. In this study the effectiveness of green synthesis of NPs using biological macromolecule chitosan which isacting as a reducingcum stabilizing agent is carried out. An in-depth analysis of the synthesized AgNPs was conducted using a variety of sophisticatedcharacterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, particle size analysis, zeta potentialmeasurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The antimicrobialactivity of the formulated AgNPs were inspected against two human pathogenic strains. In the antimicrobial activity, the synthesized AgNPs exhibited a reduction in the growth of both themicrobes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.22 M was observed for both Candida albicans and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Consequently, AgNPs may be used as an opportunity for modern-day antibiotics to treat infections due to human pathogens. Antiproliferative analysis revealed that AgNPs showed antiproliferative characteristics against MDA-MB-231 cells compared to the control. Such AgNPs have an anticancer effect and are likely to be used as smart drug delivery mediators to treat late-stage cancer. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Goodness of fit test for Rayleigh distribution with censored observations
We develop new goodness of fit tests for Rayleigh distribution based on fixed point characterization. We use U-Statistic theory to derive the test statistics. First we develop a test for complete data and then discuss, how the right censored observations can be incorporated in the testing procedure. The asymptotic properties of the test statistic in both uncensored and censored cases are studied in detail. Extensive Monte Carlo simulation studies are carried out to validate the performance of the proposed tests. We illustrate the procedures using real data sets. We also provide, a goodness of fit test for the standard Rayleigh distribution based on jackknife empirical likelihood. 2023, Korean Statistical Society. -
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Potential of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni, 1899) Leaf Extracts against Aeromonas Species: Influence of Extraction Methods and Solvents in Aquaculture Applications
Recent studies have explored Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf extracts for their antibacterial potential and phytochemical content. However, the impact of extraction methods and solvents on aquaculture bacteria remains understudied. This research aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, radical scavenging, and phytochemical properties of S. rebaudiana extracts against Aeromonas species. Dried S. rebaudiana leaves were extracted using methanol (Mt) and ethanol (Et) through Soxhlet and maceration methods (SMt, SEt, MMt and MEt respectively). Soxhlet extraction yielded higher amounts (36.29% for Mt, 23.87% for Et) compared to maceration. Phytochemical analysis identified phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponin, tannin, and steroids in all extracts. Notably, MEt had elevated phenolic and flavonoid content, while SEt contained more tannins. MEt exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 67.95g/mL), aligning with its high phenolic and flavonoid levels. In antibacterial assays against Aeromonas strains, ethanol extract showed the largest zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 16.67mm for A. salmonicida, followed by methanol extract (15mm) at 250 mg/mL, using maceration and Soxhlet methods, respectively. However, none of the extracts displayed activity against A. hydrophila. This suggests that cold maceration is a cost-effective method that preserves heat-sensitive secondary metabolites within a shorter extraction time. In conclusion, this study highlights the significance of extraction techniques and solvents in obtaining potent antibacterial and antioxidant extracts from S. rebaudiana leaves. The findings emphasize the potential of these extracts in aquaculture practices and open avenues for further research in utilizing natural compounds for sustainable aquaculture strategies. The Author(s) 2023. -
Computational Study of MHD Nanofluid Flow with Effects of Variable Viscosity and Non-uniform Heat Generation
The thermodynamic study of an unsteady two-dimensional nanofluid flow through a permeable stretched sheet is looked at. Water is used as the primary fluid, along with four different nanoparticles, including copper (Cu), titanium dioxide (TiO2), copper oxide (CuO), and aluminium oxide (Al2O3). The heat transfer phenomenon is explained by an outside source. Additionally considered are the impacts of heat generation and absorption. A similarity transformation is used to convert the considered set of mathematical equations into a system of ODEs. The BVP4C method is then mathematically applied, coupled with shooting fashion. The results are given for cases involving copper nanoparticles. The effects of various physical parameters on the profiles of the dimensionless flow field, temperature, average entropy generation function, skin friction, and the Nusselt number are examined with illustrations and thorough explanations. As exceptional circumstances of the current inquiry, there is a strong agreement between the current conclusion and the findings of the other researchers. The average entropy generation number, temperature, and velocity profiles are shown to be strongly influenced by regulating factors. The authors conclude that the average entropy production number decreased in the existence of a temperature- and space-dependent heat source/sink, but it increased with increasing the viscosity parameter. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited. -
Endophytic bacteria Klebsiella spp. and Bacillus spp. from Alternanthera philoxeroides in Madiwala Lake exhibit additive plant growth-promoting and biocontrol activities
Background: The worldwide increase in human population and environmental damage has put immense pressure on the overall global crop production making it inadequate to feed the entire population. Therefore, the need for sustainable and environment-friendly practices to enhance agricultural productivity is a pressing priority. Endophytic bacteria with plant growth-promoting ability and biocontrol activity can strongly enhance plant growth under changing environmental biotic and abiotic conditions. Herein, we isolated halotolerant endophytic bacteria from an aquatic plant, Alternanthera philoxeroides, from the polluted waters of Madiwala Lake in Bangalore and studied their plant growth promotion (PGP) and biocontrol ability for use as bioinoculant. Results: The isolated bacterial endophytes were screened for salt tolerance ranging from 5 to 15% NaCl concentration. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed halotolerant up to 10% NaCl and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis showed up to 15%. All three strains demonstrated good PGP abilities such as aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization, ammonia production, and nitrogen fixation. In addition, K. pneumoniae also exhibited high indoleacetic acid (IAA) production (195.66 2.51g/ml) and potassium solubilization (2.13 0.07ppm). B. amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis showed good extracellular enzyme production against cellulase, lipase, protease, and amylase. Both the isolates showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms. The optimization of IAA production by K. pneumoniae was done by the response surface methodology (RSM) tool. Characterization of IAA produced by the isolate was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. The enhanced plant growth-promoting ability of K. pneumoniae was also demonstrated using various growth parameters in a pot trial experiment using the seeds of Vigna unguiculata. Conclusion: The isolated bacterial endophytes reported in this study can be utilized as PGP promotion and biocontrol agents in agricultural applications, to enhance crop yield under salinity stress. The isolate K. pneumoniae may be used as a biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture and more work can be done to optimize the best formulations for its application as a microbial inoculant for crops. 2023, The Author(s). -
Copper oxide modified biphasic titania for enhanced hydrogen production through photocatalytic water splitting
Recently, TiO2(B) has been extensively used in catalytic and energy fields owing to its exceptional crystal structure. But being a metastable state, TiO2(B) is transformed easily into other stable crystalline forms like anatase or rutile phase, and the low crystallinity limits the application of the material in catalysis. A combination of TiO2(B) with anatase, which is benefitted by a homojunction, is proven to be blessed with high activity. Herein, hydrogen production via photocatalytic water-splitting is presented using Cu modified biphasic titania nanotubes achieved by a facile hydrothermal procedure. The systems are well characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD analysis, N2 adsorption study, FTIR, DR-UV, Raman, Photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectral analysis. The homo-junction developed in titania due to anatase TiO2 (B), as well as the heterojunction created by the co-catalyst, tune the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes positively, as evident from the enhanced hydrogen production over the system. 2023 -
A Reflection on the Current Status of Animal-Assisted Therapy in India
The field of animal-assisted therapy is advancing quickly throughout the world gaining popularity as a complementary therapy. Several countries, especially in the East, are still in their nascent phase in utilizing animal-assisted therapy and a more realistic presentation of their status should drive them towards effective initiatives to promote the field. The primary objective of this paper is to throw light on the current scenario of animal-assisted therapy in India. The relevant databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Proquest, PubMed, and JSTOR were searched to identify the research literature. The organizational websites, news, and blog articles, as well as institutional repositories, were explored to maximize the evidence. A total of 24 articles were found which included published research articles as well as unpublished conference papers. Results found a dearth of practice and research throughout the country indicating an urgent need to direct steps in promoting the growth of the field. The contemporary issues in the implementation of animal-assisted therapy such as cultural and religious beliefs, lack of awareness, lack of practising organizations and therapists warrant immediate attention. Reducing the research and practice gap alongside focusing on creating awareness, changing public perception, introducing coursework in educational institutions, the publication of evidence-based research will help in the acceptance and growth of this novel therapeutic field. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Effects of activation energy and chemical reaction on unsteady MHD dissipative DarcyForchheimer squeezed flow of Casson fluid over horizontal channel
The impact of chemical reaction and activation energy plays a vital role in the analysis of fluid dynamics and its thermal properties. The application of the flow of fluid is significantly considered in nuclear reactors, automobiles, manufacturing setups, electronic appliances etc. This study explores the impacts of activation energy and chemical reaction on the magnetohydrodynamic DarcyForchheimer squeezed Casson fluid flow through a porous material across the horizontal channel where the two parallel plates are assumed to be in motion. By using similarity variables, partial differential equations are converted to ordinary differential equations. Numerical method is applied using MATLAB to solve the problems and acquire the data for velocity field, thermal distribution, and concentration distribution. The graphs indicate that fluid velocity and temperature increases as the plates are brought closer. In addition, there was a correlation between a rise in the Hartmann number and a decrease in the fluid's velocity because of the existence of strong Lorentz forces. The temperature and the concentration of the liquid will increase due to the Brownian motion. When the DarcyForchheimer and activation energy parameters are both increased, the velocity and concentration decreases. 2023, The Author(s). -
Identifying the population of T-Tauri stars in Taurus: UVoptical synergy
With the third data release of the Gaia mission, Gaia DR3 with its precise photometry and astrometry, it is now possible to study the behavior of stars at a scale never seen before. In this paper, we developed new criteria to identify T-Tauri stars (TTS) candidates using UV and optical color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) by combining the GALEX and Gaia surveys. We found 19 TTS candidates and five of them are newly identified TTS in the Taurus molecular cloud (TMC), not cataloged before as TMC members. For some of the TTS candidates, we also obtained optical spectra from several Indian telescopes. We also present the analysis of distance and proper motion of young stars in the Taurus using data from Gaia DR3. We found that the stars in Taurus show a bimodal distribution with distance, having peaks at 130.17-1.241.31 pc and 156.25-5.001.86 pc. The reason for this bimodality, we think, is due to the fact that different clouds in the TMC region are at different distances. We further showed that the two populations have similar ages and proper motion distribution. Using the Gaia DR3 CMD, we showed that the age of Taurus is consistent with 1Myr. 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences. -
Role of management education in adapting the Indian public sector to market-based economic reforms
Purpose: In 1991, India embarked on market-based economic reforms initiatives pillared on liberalization, privatization and globalization (LPG). The reforms exposed the public sector enterprises to competitive market forces, raising the need to identify and develop the competencies necessary for survival. Executive training programs were initiated to prepare public enterprises for the market-based reforms. Three decades later, the reforms especially privatization is witnessing renewed interest under the current administration. In this context, the article takes a closer look at the structure of management education provided to public sector officers in India. The article also identifies barriers for implementing the learnings from the management courses in the workplaces and suggests approaches for closing the gap. Design/methodology/approach: The study follows a thematic approach based on unstructured interviews of senior executives of Indian public sector enterprises covering oil and gas, aeronautical, power and transportation sectors. New public management (NPM) is used as a yardstick of business-like characteristics of public sector enterprises. Findings: Despite heavy investment, trainings have had only partial success in implementing the core objective of NPM, i.e. to provide quality services in a professional manner to meet citizen requirements. The study found that though concepts of NPM are introduced at multiple management training programs, thepublic enterprises lag in the implementation of NPM. The ingrained hierarchical and procedural culture of the enterprises was often highlighted as the challenge to its implementation. Practical implications: The study will be of significance to Indian policymakers in designing management education programs to public sector employees. It brings out (1) various models of management education provided to public servants across industries, (2) provide evidence on the extent of NPM implementation, (3) identify barriers for transitioning the learnings from the management courses to workplace and (4) suggest changes for improving effectiveness. Originality/value: The existing research on LPG in India covers the economic transformation post-implementation and the factors contributing to the success of its implementation. This study adds to the limited literature available on the management education of public servants in the country. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Indian spectroscopic and imaging space telescope (INSIST): An optics design trade-off study
Large ground and space-based surveys in optical and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths will revolutionize astronomy in the coming decade. Unfortunately, no ultraviolet (UV) facilities are planned to complement these surveys, which is crucial for studying the most active phase of the Universe that includes star formation in galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGN), galaxy clusters, etc. A dedicated UV mission, the Indian Spectroscopic and Imaging Space Telescope (INSIST), is proposed to observe the UV sky. The compelling science objectives defined a set of high-level mission requirements. According to which, the INSIST is to have a wide field-of-view (FoV ? 0.25 square degree) comparable to Indias Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) and about two orders of magnitude larger than that of the Hubble Space Telescope, simultaneous imaging of the FoV in UV (150300nm), u (300400nm) and g (400550nm) bands, a Multi-Object-Slit medium resolution spectroscopy in a narrow FoV in UV and a simultaneous slitless spectroscopic capability in UV and u bands. To achieve these requirements, several optical design configurations were explored. Here, we present an optical design trade study conducted on various optical design configurations to achieve a sensitivity limit of mAB> 26 mag, in the UV band and a spatial resolution better than 0.2 ? , using a 1-m size telescope aperture. We also present results from our fabrication and alignment tolerance analysis of the selected optical designs, and the design performance that meets the design requirements. Critical parameters like the encircled energy concentration, point spread function (its stability over the field), effects of the spiders supporting the secondary, etc., are explored during the design phase. Based on the trade study conducted in reference to various performance matrices, we down-selected the most optimal optical design for the INSIST. 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences. -
Morphology-dependent supercapacitive properties of Co3O4 nanomaterials synthesized via coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods
The supercapacitive properties of Co3O4 nanocrystalline powders with two different morphologies synthesized by coprecipitation (referred to as Co3O4C) and hydrothermal (referred to as Co3O4-H) methods were compared and studied. The samples were analyzed for their phase purity, crystal structure, surface morphology, and surface area. Both samples were found to be single-phase nanostructures with a normal spinel-type cubic crystal structure (space group Fd3m), as indicated by Raman and XRD (X-ray diffraction) data analyses. TEM (Transmission electron microscopy) images clearly show that the Co3O4C sample exhibits spherical particles with a mean size of 10 nm. On the other hand, the Co3O4H sample shows a flower-like assembly of particles. The Co3O4C sample has a higher specific surface area than the Co3O4-H sample due to its smaller particle size. XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) data were collected to analyze the chemical states and cation distribution of the samples, revealing a 2:1 ratio of Co3+ and Co2+ in both samples. Both samples displayed pseudocapacitive behaviour in CV (cyclic voltammetry) and GCD (galvanostatic chargedischarge) analyses. Despite having a smaller surface area, the Co3O4H electrode exhibited a higher CS (specific capacitance) compared to the Co3O4C electrode at all current densities when tested using 1 M KOH electrolyte. At a specific current density (0.5 A/g), the Cs values for Co3O4C and Co3O4H are found to be 366 F/g and 233 F/g, respectively. As the current density increases, the specific capacitance of both electrodes decreases, but this reduction is more prominent for Co3O4-C than Co3O4-H. The study indicates that besides surface area, the morphology of the sample also plays a crucial role in determining the capacitance of a material. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Enhancement of the thermal conductivity of a near room temperature magnetocaloric composite using graphene-like hybrid nanosheets derived from organic waste
Polymer matrix composites, fabricated to counter the inherent brittleness of magnetocaloric Heusler alloys, suffer from low thermal conductivity. Here, we demonstrate a low-cost, scalable route towards developing thermally conductive, mechanically robust near-room-temperature magnetocaloric composites by incorporating graphene-like hybrid nanostructures chemically synthesized from discarded sugarcane. Micron-sized particles obtained by manually grinding Ni50.2Mn36.7Sn13 ribbons possessing a strong magnetostructural transformation near room-temperature were chosen as the active magnetocaloric fillers. Both the functional fillers were incorporated into a polysulfone matrix by solution casting. Large values of isothermal entropy change ? 0.43 and -0.46 J/kg.K were observed for a ?H = 2T, driven by two successive first and second-order transformations within the alloy fillers. Additionally, an enhanced value of the in-plane thermal conductivity ? 3.06 0.4 W/m.K was observed in the composites owing to the formation of efficient thermal bridges/pathways by the graphene-like hybrid nanostructures, rendering them promising candidates for magnetic refrigeration applications. 2023 Acta Materialia Inc. -
Fault Analysis and Clearance in FL-APC DC-AC Converter; [Analyse et imination des dauts dans le convertisseur CC-CA FL-APC]
The traditional active neutral-point-clamped (APC) dc-ac converter maintains great common-mode voltage with high-frequency (CMV-HF) reduction capability, so it has limited voltage gain. This article presents a new five-level APC (FL-APC) dc-ac converter capable of voltage step-up in a single-stage inversion. In the suggested design, a common ground not only reduces the CMV-HF but also improves dc-link voltage usage. While comparing with traditional two-stage FL-APC dc-ac converter, the proposed design has lower voltage stresses and greater uniformity. While improving overall efficiency, the suggested clamped dc-ac converter saves three power switches and a capacitor. Modeling and actual tests have proven the suggested APC inverter's overall operation, efficacy, and achievability. The proposed circuit is finally tested with fault clearance capability. 2023 IEEE. -
Prediction of DDoS attacks in agriculture 4.0 with the help of prairie dog optimization algorithm with IDSNet
Integrating cutting-edge technology with conventional farming practices has been dubbed smart agriculture or the agricultural internet of things. Agriculture 4.0, made possible by the merging of Industry 4.0 and Intelligent Agriculture, is the next generation after industrial farming. Agriculture 4.0 introduces several additional risks, but thousands of IoT devices are left vulnerable after deployment. Security investigators are working in this area to ensure the safety of the agricultural apparatus, which may launch several DDoS attacks to render a service inaccessible and then insert bogus data to convince us that the agricultural apparatus is secure when, in fact, it has been stolen. In this paper, we provide an IDS for DDoS attacks that is built on one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (IDSNet). We employed prairie dog optimization (PDO) to fine-tune the IDSNet training settings. The proposed model's efficiency is compared to those already in use using two newly published real-world traffic datasets, CIC-DDoS attacks. 2023, Springer Nature Limited.