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NUTRACEUTICALS IN PREGNANCY
Pregnancy is a phase in womens lives wherein they experience some physiological and bodily changes. In this period dietary supplements are crucial to meet the nutritional demand of the fetus and also to overcome certain gestational complications such as hypertension, diabetes, and anemia. Generally, the intake of micronutrients in the diet is low for women especially in developing countries while it becomes important during pregnancy as they enable uterus and placental growth, manage gestational obesity, and also avoid miscarriage. Research and clinical studies are in power in identifying various safe, plant bioactive substances, and efficient delivery systems to reduce morbidity and mortality rates of maternal, fetal, and neonatal. In recent years the growing awareness of nutraceuticals to fight against chronic diseases such as cancer, and heart disease has gained trust globally and is replacing pharmaceuticals. Knowledge of the macro- and micronutrients is necessary to modify the diet and supplement with nutraceuticals for the well-being of the mother and the fetus. The current chapter highlights the major health complications associated with pregnancy and the essential nutrients required during pregnancy and fetal growth with substantial clinical evidence. 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. -
SECURITY VIEWPOINT IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED SYSTEMS
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a key role in recent times linked with automation in almost all the fields on human interference and inventions. Industry 4.0 also signifies automation as one of the major aspects from its allies. However, on the other hand, issues and security concerns are at high priority in these systems and often are seen ignored as the AI systems are evolving as state-of-the-art technology. In this chapter, we focus on elaborating security vulnerabilities in AI-based infrastructure, explain the relation between AI attacks and cyber-attacks, and describe the sustained AI systems with inherited resilience. Case study is also considered to elicit threats and vulnerable issues associated with AI-based systems. Securing artificial intelligence and its associated techniques help in better outcomes which are tightly coupled with human monitored and controlled environments. AI algorithms need to be checked for accuracy in prediction model contexts on the evolution of technology for sustaining adversarial attacks. 2026 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. -
OCCUPATIONAL AND DIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE: UNLOCKING TALENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA
innovations, and their implications for talent management and organizational success. Design/methodology/approach: This chapter guides the shaping of future research agendas by converting qualitative analysis into empirical and quantitative analysis, laying the foundation for integrating the concepts of OQ and DQ within the proposed conceptual framework to retain talent in the digital era. The current chapter follows a narrative review approach to synthesize the existing literature. Findings: The current chapter highlights the role of OQ and DQ in the digital era, as well as their key elements, which will empower various stakeholders with actionable insights. It offers valuable insights as a benchmark for strategic decision-making for meaningful work that would result in effective organizational development (ODV). Introduction: In todays workplace culture, organizations, and HR professionals have a strong case for embracing diversity and inclusion (D&I) to enhance talent management. Occupational intelligence (OQ), when linked with diversity intelligence (DQ), can pave the way for effective individual development and organizational success. When integrated with the expanding use of artificial intelligence (AI), the synergy between these two carries the potential for creating future-ready workplaces. Purpose: Several studies highlight the role of emotional, social, cultural, and workplace intelligence and their impact on occupational success. There has been a conspicuous absence of studies that unravel the evolution of OQ and the future scope of integration with DQ in the digitalized world, which needs attention. Scope: The study would deepen the understanding of the evolving landscape of OQ and DQ, as well as industry trends and Individual chapters 2026 The authors. -
FinTech for Sustainable Financial Market Innovation: The FinTech Transformation of Traditional Finance
Fintech is transforming the traditional banking industry, resulting in creative solutions that enhance financial market sustainability. This section examines how financial technologies like blockchain, AI, mobile banking, and digital payment systems are changing banking operations to make them more transparent, efficient, and accessible. It also examines how Fintech may drive long-term financial innovation by increasing financial inclusion, lowering operating costs, and encouraging green banking activities. This chapter uses case studies and practical examples to investigate the influence of Fintech on the banking system, emphasizing green lending, digital currencies, and sustainable investing platforms. Adopting new technology presents operational and regulatory problems for banks. The global financial system is becoming increasingly dependent on sustainability, as seen by how banks use Fintech to meet the growing demands of ESG standards. This section examines how digital banking platforms, AI risk assessment algorithms, and blockchain green bonds might help banks allocate resources more responsibly. By adopting these technologies, banks can reduce their environmental impact while meeting the rising demand for ethical and accountable financial services. 2026 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Behavioral Biases in Financial Markets: Understanding the Impact of Cognitive Heuristic-Driven Biases and Emotional Biases in Shaping Investment Decisions
Conventional finance theories believe that the stock market is organized and that stock valuations provide all relevant facts. On the other hand, behavioral finance theories argue that stock valuations can be affected by behavioral biases, explicitly cognitive heuristic-driven biases and emotional biases. The stock market displays the current wellness of an economy, and investment decisions represent it. Investors unveil irrational actions in their investment decision strategies. The investment decision strategy itself is a cognitive procedure, as stock investors must form decisions informed by several possibilities that are available to them. This chapter provides theoretical underpinnings and an overview of the effect of behavioral biases on investors investment decision-making. This research provides an in-depth insight into cognitive heuristic-driven biases (Illusion of Control, Hindsight, Conservatism, House Money Effect, Self-Attribution, Gamblers Fallacy, Confirmation, Recency, Familiarity, and Religiosity) and emotional biases (Disposition Effect, Loss Aversion, Regret Aversion, Risk Perception, and Mental Accounting) impact investment decisions. The implications of this study could be helpful for financial markets and institutions as well as practitioners, such as equity investors and traders, portfolio and asset managers, securities analysts, wealth advisors, money managers, securities bankers, and brokers. In addition, it benefits regulators, policymakers, academicians, and researchers. The overall chapter offers a positive impact between behavioral biases and investment decisions, with distinct themes from earlier research, and contributes to generalization. Copyright 2026 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Community Empowerment through Technology
A UN report estimated that 10% of people on the planet will experience chronic hunger by 2022, with a large share of those people coming from rural origins. In Manipur, a Northeastern state of India characterized by hilly terrain and sparse population, predominantly inhabited by Nagas and Kukis tribes, urban migration threatens to exacerbate poverty. Although hunger is not frequent among Nagas at the moment, one cannot rule it out in future. When smart technologies ably support agriculture, it increases production in a sustainable way, thereby reducing hunger among the tribal populace. For this, the government must assist farmers in discouraging environmentally damaging activities like Jhum cultivation and cultivating poppies. For now, tribals have food to eat; nevertheless, future hunger problems could result from a lack of assistance. This research imagines a future where environmental sustainability is maintained while supplying for the requirements of the people of Manipur by giving technology-assisted farming prime importance. By using a participatory observation approach, the authors highlight how urgent it is to stop more ecological deterioration and protect the biodiversity of the area. Ultimately, a balanced ecological future for Manipurs rural and urban inhabitants depends on the adoption of sustainable smart agriculture. 2025 A. Jose Anand and Saravanan Krishnan. -
Current Trends and Future of AI in Sales and Marketing
Industry 4.0 has been fueling the growth of Artificial Intelligence owing to the expanding progress of data produced by the Internet and IoT devices and the computation of this enormous quantity of data. Artificial Intelligence has revolutionized the business world. AI technology has had a striking influence in the field of finance and accounting. As the market is becoming increasingly competitive, AI-empowered finance and accounting structures are making the business organization sturdy competitors as AI technologies and tools help in saving time and extracting deeper understandings. Today, companies use AI to predict customer behavior, serve more people, better target campaigns, forecast trends, etc. It goes without question that AI could improve the productivity of marketing teams. For example, location, age, and other essential information can lead to more personalized content. Along with big data, AI can undoubtedly provide businesses with a powerful means to engage and convert potential customers. This chapter aims to study the use of artificial intelligence in sales and marketing. The chapter also studies the role of AI in the sales and marketing field. This chapter also describes the benefits and current trends of AI applications in sales and marketing operations. This chapter includes the fundamental and theoretical base. It attempts to analyze the key practical applications of AI in the very specific work of the sales and marketing field. 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. -
Emotional Dysregulation and Emerging Psychopathology in Adolescents
[No abstract available] -
How deepfake technology impacts public trust in fiscal policies?
The proliferation of Deepfake technology, with its unparalleled ability to fabricate hyper-realistic audiovisual content, poses a profound and multifaceted threat to the integrity of public discourse and the perceived veracity of governmental communications, particularly in the domain of fiscal policy, as it engenders a pernicious erosion of trust, fuels scepticism regarding the authenticity of official statements, and amplifies the vulnerability of the populace to disinformation campaigns, thus undermining the foundational tenets of democratic governance, exacerbating the opacity of fiscal decision-making processes, and destabilizing the delicate equilibrium between transparency, accountability, and citizen confidence in state-managed economic stewardship. Keeping this in mind, the present study endeavours to assess the impact of deepfake technology on public trust in economic policies by taking a sample of 134 respondents from the Mumbai region of India. The results indicate a significant negative relationship between exposure to Deepfake technology and public trust in fiscal policies implying that Deepfake technology leads to an erosion of public trust in fiscal policies of the government calling out for appropriate steps that must be taken to counteract the derogatory effects of Deepfake technology. 2025 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. -
Stress and Depression in Gen Z
[No abstract available] -
Legal Framework and Ethical Challenges in Patenting AR/VR Innovations in Healthcare Under the Indian Patent Act, 1970
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are gradually becoming significant to various industries, such as gaming, education, industrial design sectors, and healthcare. Even though augmented and virtual reality breakthroughs have already revolutionised healthcare by enhancing diagnosis, treatment, medical education, training and rehabilitation, granting patents to these technologies-imposed challenges when it comes to legal and moral concerns. Section 3(k) of the Patents Act 1970 forbids patenting softwaredriven discoveries and therapy-oriented applications. Such a legal constraint could be challenging for augmented reality and virtual reality technologies in healthcare, as it mostly depends on algorithmic procedures and therapeutic functions to develop breakthroughs. Other challenges could be section 3(b) of the Patents Act of 1970, which prohibits inventions that are contrary to public order or morality or cause harm to the environment, as ethics and morality play a crucial role in patenting AR/VR healthcare technology. The primary purpose of patent law is to encourage inventions, but it can cause medical care by creating a monopoly and allowing limited access to society. Patenting AR/VR technologies is essential to address moral and ethical concerns, as patenting these technologies in healthcare will promote inequality in patient care. The purpose of the present article is to analyse the ambiguity of the patentability of AR/VR technology in healthcare under the Patents Act of 1970 while addressing moral values with references to the principles of ethics. The paper further examines secondary data on patent grants on biomedical devices that integrate AR/VR across medical disciplines. 2026 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Money in Mind: Unpacking Mental Accountings Role in Financial Choices
This study investigates the impact of mental accounting on budgeting, spending, and saving habits among individuals in Bengaluru, India. The mental accounting concept was introduced by the economist Richard Thaler. It gained attention in recent years due to its relevance in behavioral economics. For the present study, Bengaluru was chosen as the locale of the study due to its unique socioeconomic characteristics. Four hundred respondents from various sectors participated in semi-structured interviews. These respondents belong to the age group 25-60 with varying income levels. The findings conveyed that the respondents gave first priority to repaying smaller debts though long-term debts with higher interest rates were financially pressing. Therefore, it has become a need of the hour that financial education should be provided to individuals so that they can manage their finances effectively. The outcome of the present study provides valuable insights for designing educational programs that promote healthier financial habits among individuals. Copyright 2026 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Machine Learning Base Model for Waste Management
Waste management is an important global challenge, where increasing urbanization and industrialization lead to high waste production. Traditional waste landfill methods, including manual sorting and fixed collection plans often result in disabilities, increased costs, and environmental decline. Integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in waste management systems provides a transformative approach to solve these problems. This chapter examines the role of ML in automatic waste sorting, future indication analysis, collection passport optimization, and converting wasteto-energy. Case studies from Singapore, San Francisco, and large waste management companies highlight MLs real-world applications to create smart and more sustainable waste management systems. Singapores AIoperated system and San Franciscos policy-based waste management models show MLs ability to adapt to comparative analysis resources and reduce landfill addiction. The findings show that AI-controlled waste management leads to high recycling speeds, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and more efficient resource allocation. Despite challenges such as high implementation costs, regulatory concerns, and privacy problems, the future of waste management lies in AI-operated automation, blockchain integration for waste tracking, and AI-cleaned waste solutions. 2025 River Publishers. -
Negotiating Memories of Trauma in Kazuo Ishiguros A Pale View of Hills
Kazuo Ishiguros debut novel A Pale View of Hills (1982) resembles other twentieth-century novels in emerging out of what Anne Whitehead calls the three interrelated contexts of postmodernism, postcolonialism and a postwar legacy, which allows authors to set family stories in a broader, universal, and historical context (Whitehead 81). In the novel, Etsuko, a survivor of the Nagasaki bombing, recalls her traumatic experience of migrating to England following the fatal bombing on August 9, 1945. The novel focuses on the feelings of guilt and trauma associated with Etsukos escape from a difficult life in post-World War II Nagasaki to a more comfortable life in Britain to avoid raising her child in the aftermath of the atomic destruction. The public trauma and shock of the nuclear attack on Nagasaki form the backdrop for Etsukos personal narrative. Although the bomb does not injure the characters in the novel, the aftermath of this catastrophic event affects their lives profoundly. Kazuo Ishiguros A Pale View of Hills is a memory narrative of Etsuko, the protagonist, in conversations with her younger daughter Niki in England. The novel shows Etsuko recalling her past life in Japan in a desperate attempt to come to terms with her older daughter Keikos suicide. Her meditations take her back to her past in Japan, where she had developed a short friendship with Sachiko and her disturbed daughter Mariko. Etsukos dubious narration that exposes several parallels between her life and her friend Sachikos life indicates the possibility of Etsuko and Sachiko being the same person. The chapter discusses how the novels narrative strategies act as a coping mechanism for the displaced Etsuko, who endures the traumatic experience of migration. Etsukos indeterminate and ambiguous narration reflects the complexity and elusiveness of the act of migration, which disrupts her sense of identity and leaves her torn between her past and present self. The chapter shows how Etsukos confessions of her failing memory paradoxically make her seem more reliable. The chapter also discusses how Ishiguros novel, through Etsukos recollection of traumatic memories, calls attention to the emotional and psychological ramifications underlying the process of migration that not only makes migrants doubtful about their initial decision to migrate but also forces them to re-evaluate that decision constantly. Engaging with trauma and memory studies theorists such as Dominick LaCapra, Cathy Caruth, Maurice Halbwachs, Astrid Erll, Birgit Neumann, and Ansgar Nning, the chapter depicts how Etsukos discontinuous narrative, which permits her to redirect her trauma of Kiekos suicide to a self-constructed story, has a therapeutic impact on her psyche. Finally, the chapter argues that though the novel centers around an incident of historical significance, its modernity lies in its depiction of the trials of a life in exile and the psychological complexity induced by the act of abandoning ones homeland and starting a new life elsewhere. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Srirupa Chatterjee and Sharada Chigurupati; individual chapters, the contributors. -
North Korean Refugees in China: A Humanitarian Perspective
Most scholars opined that the famine of the 1990s in North Korea began a cascading effect on the refugee influx to China. The refusal of Chinese authorities to recognise North Korean defectors as refugees stems from an agreement between the two allies, The history of this crisis thus starts with the 1986 agreement signed between North Korea and China that binds China to repatriate any defectors back to the North Korean state. The Mutual Cooperation Protocol of 1986 1 has often been quoted by Chinese authorities to justify the repatriation of North Korean refugees. In the cases where refugees have not been repatriated, the lack of recognition by the Chinese State ensures that they are exploited in numerous ways, such as prostitution, bonded labour, torture, detention, forced abortions, denial of medical treatment and housing, etc. No true estimates exist on quantifying the North Korean refugee influx, as it would legitimise the propensity of the issue and bring to light rampant violations of human rights within Chinese borders. Many international stakeholders, like US Congressional Committees, UNHCR, major non-governmental organisations and recently, in April 2023, South Korea spoke on Chinas policy on North Korean refugees. China remains in violation of the 1951 UN Convention on Refugees as it continues to undertake forced repatriation and refuse to acknowledge North Korean migrants as refugees, instead branding them as illegal economic migrants. For China, human rights have always been viewed by the CCP as an internal matter. It is caught in a zero-sum game trying to protect its alliance with Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK), while facing increasing pressure from various global actors. As of now, the non-recognition of defectors is in favour of China as recognition of refugees could destabilise the region, increase the influx of migrants into the industrial north-east already suffering from labour issues and bring it closer to the USAs ambit of influence in South Korea and hamper the Chinese influence over DPRKs nuclear programme. Additionally, recognition of refugees and ensuring rights of minority groups will further exacerbate the issues the Chinese State is facing from Uighurs and Tibetans. It is against this backdrop of national interest that the barefaced exploitation of North Korean defectors has occurred over the years in China. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Neeraj Singh Manhas, Nitan Sharma, and Abhinav Tomer; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Womens Economic Empowerment and Domestic Violence: Evidence from the Indian State of Kerala
Domestic violence is a serious issue that affects countless women around the world. Kerala boasts an admirable history of high literacy rates, good health and sanitation standards, low infant mortality rates and impressive average life expectancy. Despite these advancements, enduring social problems such as gender discrimination and domestic violence still exist. Over the last two decades, domestic violence has been a significant issue for women in Kerala. The basic objective of this study is to assess the impact of womens economic empowerment on domestic violence. This study employed stratified sampling methods to gather household-level data using pre-designed questionnaires. The study found a weak link between economic empowerment and domestic violence. Womens education and husbands characteristics, notably alcohol usage, have a significant impact. This emphasises the importance of interventions that promote collaborative decision-making in order to combat domestic abuse effectively. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Samapti Guha and Chirodip Majumdar; individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. -
Kochi Water Metro: Revisiting the Economy-Ecology Paradox of Water Transportation
Kochi, a prominent port city on the southwest coast of Kerala, India, with its waterways, has shaped the geographical and socio-cultural space, aligning them with the politics of the land-water interaction. Popular conceptions of transport have been land-oriented, but with water as the centre, our understanding of day-to-day lived realities changes, demanding new vocabulary. The Kochi Water Metros advent and success are the topics under discussion. Moving from land metro to water metro signals changes in our reading of travel, ecology, energy conservation, direction, temporality, socio-cultural and economic modalities. The article is a project-based study drawing data from interviews, documents, audio-visual images and real-time information to trace and position Kochis Water Metro. With economic and environmental sustainability as the driving forces, the transportation cum tourism aspects of the Water Metro requires an intersectional reading of hydrography, oceanic materialities, and maritime practices. Reading these against the larger context of capitalism and Blue Humanities helps explore how hydrocapitalism becomes the new discourse that positions the ecology-economy paradox. Not only does the Water Metro realign travel and geospatial mapping, but it also begets new directions in maritime developments and conservation within Kochis tourism ventures. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. Sreedevi Santhosh, Dr. Samjaila T. H., Ms. Preethi S., Dr. Steffi Santhana Mary S., Dr. Uma Maheswary and Dr. L. Santhosh Kumar; individual chapters, the contributors. -
The Water Unites and the Land Divides: Exploring Chinese Maritime Migration and the Birth of Kolkata Chinatown
The water unites, and the land divides is a common expression in the Indo-Pacific, illustrating the archipelagic characters of the mainlands and islands across the flanking Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It facilitates maritime liaisons between people across civilisation. Though the Indian and Pacific oceans have historically brought China and India together regarding spice trade and cultural diffusion, it was not until the Age of Discoveries that the eternal ambition to control the Indo-Pacific oceanic wilderness materialised. First, the Portuguese, then the Dutch and French and finally, the British, who prospered insurmountably into a maritime colonial network where the sun never sets. British imperialism, a force that shaped the worlds political events and social fabric, facilitated a global movement of Chinese migrants who settled in different British colonial coastal cities in search of greener pastures. Kolkata, erstwhile Calcutta, flourished as a colonial hub with its White Town and Black Town and a vibrant Chinatown in between. The present research investigates Chinese maritime migration to Calcutta and their resilience and adaptability to create a niche for themselves. It also analyses the significant role of British imperialism in determining Chinatowns demographic composition and cultural identity, leading to a profound realisation of the historical influences on migration patterns. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. Sreedevi Santhosh, Dr. Samjaila T. H., Ms. Preethi S., Dr. Steffi Santhana Mary S., Dr. Uma Maheswary and Dr. L. Santhosh Kumar; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Echoes of Empire: Portuguese Cultural Imperialism in Goa and Mangalore from the 15th to 18th Centuries
The Portuguese colonization in Goa and its indirect religious influence in Mangalore from the 15th to the 18th century left behind a complex legacy of social, cultural, economic, political, and religious changes. Situated within postcolonial and neocolonial studies, the paper explores the mechanisms of Portuguese cultural dominance in Goa coerced religious conversion, linguistic imposition, architectural transformation, communication, and educational control contrasted with more indirect cultural and religious influence in Mangalore, and, as a result, the impact of cultural imperialism and cultural transformation. The study contextualises the enduring effects of these colonial processes by using the theoretical frameworks of Anal Quijano concept of Coloniality of Power, Johan Galtungs Centre-Periphery Model, Edward Saids Orientalism, and Herbert Schillers Communication Imperialism. The paper highlights local resistance and cultural hybridization, and reveals a complex negotiation between imposition and adaptation. The study emphasizes the legacy of Portuguese imperialism within a broader perspective of global power structures and how it has shaped the modern neocolonial frameworks. The findings contribute to discussions on cultural imperialism by illustrating how historical hegemonic practices persist through language policies, architectural preservation, and religious traditions. The paper also touches upon the regions postcolonial identity formation through Goas Lusophone heritage and Mangalores distinct religious evolution. This analysis demonstrates how past mechanisms of control continue to influence the contemporary global and regional dynamics, reinforcing cultural hegemony through modern neocolonialism. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. L. Santhosh Kumar, Ms. Minu A., Dr. Barnashree Khasnobis, Dr. Preetha M. and Dr. Merrin R. S.; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Challenging Colonial Hegemony through Khalil Gibrans Beautiful and Rare Sayings
The paper examines how Khalil Gibrans Arabic book (Al-Badai waal-Taraif), translated as Beautiful and Rare Sayings, is a rebellious call for the rebirth of the Arab nation. In this work, Gibran expresses his strong political views and dreams of liberty, urging Arabs to awaken from their slumber, regain their freedom, and build their future independently, without relying on foreign powers. Having witnessed the damaging effects of colonialism on the Arab world, Gibran realized how it threatened the future of his people and sought to reform his nation based on the values of liberty and justice. He criticizes oppressive systems such as the decline of the Ottoman Empire and European imperialism, which had long prevented the unity and peace of the Arab world. Through many insights in the book, Gibran gives voice to the pain of his people while guiding them toward the path of freedom and inspiring them with the broad aspirations they can achieve. This work represents the revolutionary spirit of its time, providing a counter-narrative to those in power who seek to silence the opposite. Additionally, this paper explores how Gibrans use of language and metaphors critiques the social and political conditions of the Arab world, reflecting his vision of unity beyond ethnic divisions. By analyzing Beautiful and Rare Sayings, the paper highlights Gibrans role as a cultural mediator, navigating colonial hegemony and inspiring cultural awakening and identity within the Arab context. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. L. Santhosh Kumar, Ms. Minu A., Dr. Barnashree Khasnobis, Dr. Preetha M. and Dr. Merrin R. S.; individual chapters, the contributors.