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Multi Parameterized Modified Local Binary Pattern for Lung Cancer Detection by Deep Learning Methods
The research work is focusing on developing a classification model for Lung Cancer detection by integrating the image features with Modified Local Binary Pattern (MLBP), Modified Principal Component Analysis (MPCA), newlinesymptoms and Risk factors using Deep Learning methods and converting the image features into three dimensional (3D) images. The aim of this research is to identify the malignant and normal tumours from the Computer newlineTomography (CT) images with improved accuracy. The 2D CT images of Lung Cancer patients have been preprocessed with Median and Gabor filtering methods and watershed segmentation. The CT images are also newlineprocessed with the Zero Component Analysis (ZCA) whitening and Modified Local Binary Pattern. The processed image is used in the research for classification. The Lung Cancer dataset in the research are collected from newlinevarious medical colleges. The dataset contain CT images with Lung Cancer and without Lung Cancer. The research is conducted by integrating the selected Image features, Risk factor and symptoms of Lung Cancer of the newlinesame patients. The Integration using feature selections is carried out with Modified Principal Component Analysis. The Modified Principal Component Analysis is used in the research to reduce the time complexity. The results are evaluated with Gini coefficient, Confusion Matrix parameters and ROC newlinecurve. Two Dimensional (2D) CT images are converted into a Three Dimensional (3D) image for the clarity and the visibility of Lung Cancer nodules. The conversion from 2D to 3D has been using combining two methods, the orthogonality and visualization of 4D rotation. This enabled to find the location of the Lung Cancer from different angle and with different viewpoints. The 3D image shows the location of the Lung Cancer by Four Dimensional (4D) visualization and 3D rotation, thus giving clarity to the newlineexisting 2D images. -
MuLSA-Multi Linguistic Sentimental Analyzer for Kannada and Malayalam using Deep Learning
Natural language Processing has been always a topic of interest in artificial intelligence. Opinion mining or Sentiment Analysis is an important application of Natural language Processing. Sentiment Analysis of text is to extract the sentiments underlined in the text. In this paper, a multi-linguistic sentimental analyzer (MuLSA), is implemented, a model that would address Malayalam, Kannada and English text. This model explores two languages in three categories of the text, its original script, transliterated script, and the combination of both along with English. Deep Learning, Recurrent Neural Network with LSTM is used as the basis for this model. The model exhibits 82% of prediction accuracy. 2021 IEEE. -
Mulberry Leaves (Morus Rubra)-Derived Blue-Emissive Carbon Dots Fed to Silkworms to Produce Augmented Silk Applicable for the Ratiometric Detection of Dopamine
Silk fibers (SF) reeled from silkworms are constituted by natural proteins, and their characteristic structural features render them applicable as materials for textiles and packaging. Modification of SF with functional materials can facilitate their applications in additional areas. In this work, the preparation of functional SF embedded with carbon dots (CD) is reported through the direct feeding of a CD-modified diet to silkworms. Fluorescent and mechanically robust SFare obtained from silkworms (Bombyx mori) that are fed on CDs synthesized from the Morus rubra variant of mulberry leaves (MB-CDs). MB-CDs are introduced to silkworms from the third instar by spraying them on the silkworm feed, the mulberry leaves. MB-CDs are synthesized hydrothermally without adding surface passivating agents and are observed to have a quantum yield of 22%. With sizes of ?4nm, MB-CDs exhibited blue fluorescence, and they can be used as efficient fluorophores to detect Dopamine (DA) up to the limit of 4.39nM. The nanostructures and physical characteristics of SF weren't altered when the SF are infused with MB-CDs. Also, a novel DA sensing application based on fluorescence with the MB-CD incorporated SF is demonstrated. 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Mudhr: Malicious URL detection using heuristic rules based approach
Technology advancement helps the people in numerous ways such as it supports business development, banking, education, entertainment etc. Especially time critical and money related activities, people are fully really on internet and web applications. It saves valuable time and money. Despite of the benefits, it also gives wide space for the attackers to focus more victims. Malicious URL based attacks are most common and more dangerous attacks now a day which steals the credentials and sensitive data from the victims and perform malicious activities in the victim's space. Phishing, Spamming, drive by download are the example of such attacks and are preformed through malicious URL. Plenty of approaches are available to detect the malicious URL. That are grouped under three categories such as Blacklist based, Heuristic based and Machine Learning based approaches. Among the three, heuristic approach is better than the blacklist approach in term of better generalizing the malicious URL and gives equally accurate prediction with machine learning approach. This paper presents recent works in the field of malicious URL detection and novel technique to detect malicious URL based on the most important features derived from URL. 2022 Author(s). -
Mucormycosis (black fungus) ensuing COVID-19 and comorbidity meets - Magnifying global pandemic grieve and catastrophe begins
Post COVID-19, mucormycosis occurred after the SARS-CoV-2 has rampaged the human population and is a scorching problem among the pandemic globally, particularly among Asian countries. Invasive mucormycosis has been extensively reported from mild to severe COVID-19 survivors. The robust predisposing factor seems to be uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, comorbidity and immunosuppression acquired through steroid therapy. The prime susceptive reason for the increase of mucormycosis cases is elevated iron levels in the serum of the COVID survivors. A panoramic understanding of the infection has been elucidated based on clinical manifestation, genetic and non- genetic mechanisms of steroid drug administration, biochemical pathways and immune modulated receptor associations. This review lime-lights and addresses the What, Why, How and When about the COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in a comprehensive manner with a pure intention to bring about awareness to the common public as the cases are inevitably and exponentially increasing in India and global countries as well. The article also unearthed the pathogenesis of mucormycosis and its association with the COVID-19 sequela, the plausible routes of entry, diagnosis and counter remedies to keep the infection at bay. Cohorts of case reports were analysed to spotlight the link between the pandemic COVID-19 and the nightmare-mucormycosis. 2021 Elsevier B.V. -
MRSP-Multi Routing Systems and Parameter Explanations to Build the Path in Underwater Sensor Network
The underwater network is currently widely used to locate moving objects beneath the sea, monitor marine security, and detect changes in the sea water. A large number of sensors, as well as a precise methodology, are necessary to detect changes in sea depth. The protocol should be revised in response to environmental and chronological changes. The sensor should have been designed with multiple knowledge to route packets in order to optimise transmissions. Because the node will choose the best route based on the circumstances, especially in an underwater network, the paper MRSP - multi routing systems and parameter validations to create the path in an underwater sensor network is discussed in the multi routing knowledge sensor operations, energy saving systems, redundancy reduction, and so on. All of these measures, combined with secure transmission with trusted neighbour selection, result in safer transmissions and more accurate path selection. 2022 IEEE. -
MR Brain Tumor Classification and Segmentation Via Wavelets
Timely, accurate detection of magnetic resonance (MR) images of brain is most important in the medical analysis. Many methods have already explained about the tumor classification in the literature. This paper explains the method of classifying MR brain images into normal or abnormal (affected by tumor), abnormality segments present in the image. This paper proposes DWT-discrete wavelet transform in first step to extract the image features from the given input image. To reduce the dimensions of the feature image principle component Analysis (PCA) is employed. Reduced extracted feature image is given to kernel support vector machine (KSVM) for processing. The data set has 90 brain MR images (both normal and abnormal) with seven common diseases. These images are used in KSVM process. Gaussian Radial Basis (GRB) kernel is used for the classification method proposed and yields maximum accuracy of 98% compared to linear kernel (LIN). From the analysis, compared with the existing methods GRB kernel method was effective. If this classification finds abnormal MR image with tumor then the corresponding part is separated and segmented by thresholding technique. 2018 IEEE. -
Moving Towards Responsible Consumption: The Road Ahead for Sustainable Marketing
The fundamental tenet of consumerism revolves around the belief that the burgeoning consumption of goods is favourable for the economy. Since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, humanity has witnessed an exponential upsurge in consumerism. It has been related both to the increase in the population size as well as an increase in our demands due to constant changes in lifestyle. Multiple sources have corroborated the fact that if this consumption behaviour continues unabated, we will soon face an acute shortage of resources of all kinds. Both consumer behaviour patterns such as addictive consumption and conspicuous consumption can be attributed to this. Amongst the solutions available, 'Demarketing' is one. It is a type of marketing when a brand wants to discourage you from buying its product. The paper is descriptive in nature and is based on secondary data which has been collected from journals, blogs, websites, magazines, books, etc. The paper intends to explore the theme of demarketing vis-vis the materialistic purchase behaviour of a modern-day consumer and green demarketing strategies that companies are adopting by way of sustainable marketing. The Electrochemical Society -
Movie Success Prediction from Movie Trailer Engagement and Sentiment Analysis
The diverse movie industry faces many challenges in the promotion of the product across different demographics. Movie trailer engagements provide valuable information about how the audience perceives the movie. This information can be used to predict the success of the upcoming movie before it gets released. The previous research works were mainly concentrating on Hindi language movies to predict success. The current research paper includes the success prediction of movies other than Hindi. This paper aims to analyze various Machine Learning models performance and select the best performing model to predict movie success. The developed model can efficiently classify successful and unsuccessful movies. For the current research, the data is collected from various sources through web scrapping and API calls in Sacnilk, The Movie Database (TMDB), YouTube, and Twitter. Different machine learning classification models such as Random Forest, Logistic Regression, KNN, and Gaussian Nae Bayes are tested to develop the best-performing prediction model. This research can help moviemakers to understand the popularity of the movie among the viewers and decide on an efficient promotional strategy to make the movie more successful. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Motivational factors leading to the limited presence of women chefs in the hotel industry of Bengaluru /
International Journal of Innovative Studies In Sociology And Humanities, Vol.3, Issue 8, pp.108-121, ISSN No: 2456-4931. -
Motivational Behaviour of Tourism Employees in Relation to Organisational Culture and Career Orientations
The productivity and effectiveness of any organisation depends mainly on the performance level of the employees in the organisation. Human behaviour scientists over the years have conducted various studies and have concluded that, the performance of employees in any organisation depends largely on their motivational behaviour. Reviews of related literature confirm the role of various factors in the motivational behaviour of employees including organisational culture and career orientation of employees. The title of the present study is Motivational Behaviour of Tourism Employees in Relation to Organisational Culture and Career Orientations. The major objectives included ascertaining the relationship between motivational behaviour and organisational culture and career orientations of tourism employees and finding out whether differences in demographic variables would account for significant differences in motivational behaviour. The population of the study consisted of 323 employees of public sector, private sector and multinational companies working in travel agencies, tour operations, airlines and hotels and resorts in Bangalore. The sampling technique employed was judgment sampling. For the present study three tools namely: Motivational Analysis of Organisations- Behaviour (MAO-B) by Pareek (2003), Organisational Culture Survey by Pareek (2003) and Career orientations Inventory by Schein (1990) were used to collect data. The findings of the study show that while two aspects of organisational culture namely internal and future oriented influence the motivational behaviour of employees working in the private sector, no aspect of organisational culture has any influence on the motivational behaviour of employees working in the public sector. Further, only ambiguity tolerant aspect of organisational culture influence the motivational behaviour of employees working in multinational companies. -
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MOTIVATION IN RELATION TO WORK ENGAGEMENT OF SALES PERSONNEL IN TELECOM INDUSTRY
The study is in motivation in relation to work engagement of sales personnel in telecom industry. Motivation is the Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested in and committed to a job, role, or subject, and to exert persistent effort in attaining a goal. Workengagement is defined as a positive, fulfilling, work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption. Vigor is characterized by high levels of energy and mental resilience while working, the willingness to invest effort in one??s work, and persistence even in the face of difficulties; dedication by being strongly involved in one's work, and experiencing a sense of significance, enthusiasm, inspiration, pride, and challenge; and absorption by being fully concentrated and happily engrossed in one??s work, whereby time passes quickly and one has difficulties with detaching oneself from work. When you don't have the motivation to do your work, you will either eventually get fired or you will not likely get promoted and will stay where you are for a long time. If you are the supervisor or the owner, a lack of motivation throughout your company can create a rather unproductive workplace. This will lead to loss of sales, profits, and market share. In this case, it's important to do what it takes to create an environment where people naturally want to do their work. The importance of employee motivation shouldn't be taken lightly here. The company's survival depends on it. Modern organizations need energetic and dedicated employees: people who are engaged with their work. These organizations expect proactively, initiative and responsibility for personal development from their employees. Overall, engaged employees are fully involved in, and enthusiastic about their work. The hypotheses of the study were (a) The interaction effect between MPS and CPS does not significantly influence the personnel outcomes of sales professionals in telecom industry. (b) The interaction effect between work engagement and CPS does not significantly moderate the personnel outcomes of sales professionals in telecom industry.(c) There is no significant difference in demographics in work engagement across demographics. The review of related literature in the area of motivation and work engagement provided the researcher valuable inputs, perspective, insights and direction in understanding these factors and designing this study. The researcher has attempted to seriously and systematically undertake the present investigation. There are two research models; these two models were tested using the statistical technique hierarchical regression model. These two models were framed based on the job diagnostic model of Hackman and Oldham (1974) and Job resource model of Bakker and Demerouti (2010). The research methodology adopted for the study was surveying of 359 sales employees in different telecom industries using structured questionnaires. The independent variable of this study were Motivation(core job dimensions, critical psychological states, personnel outcomes).The dependent variable is work engagement(vigor, dedication, absorption) and the demographic variables are, age, work experience, marital status, and gender. The major findings of the study were: 1.There is a positive significant correlation between critical psychological states and motivation potential score. Critical psychological states promote high performance motivation and satisfaction at work. 2.The interaction effect between MPS and CPS significantly moderate the personnel outcomes of sales professionals in telecom industry. 3.The interaction effect between work engagement and Critical Psychological State significantly moderate the personnel outcomes of sales professionals in telecom industry. 4.Work engagement significantly influences the outcomes. 5.Age and marital status has a significant influence on work engagement. The concept of motivation and work engagement is gaining importance across every organization. This study aims at helping Telecom organizations to build more effective policies with respect to motivation and work engagement .By offering effective policies and encouraging employees to make use of available policies and programmes the organization will in turn be increasing the employee??s level of satisfaction and also commitment towards the organization. This will help the organization retain its best people or talent. -
Mother Teresa
Indian Posts and Telegraphs Department issued a postage stamp on Saint Teresa of Calcutta, an Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun and missionary on 27 August, 1980 to commemorate her noble work and band of devoted associations. The stamp carries the portrait of Mother Teresa along with the facsimile of the reverse of the Nobel Peace Prize medallion. -
Mother Phubbing and Psychological Well-being: Exploring Mediating Role of Loneliness
Mothers phubbing has been connected to a rise in loneliness and a fall in well-being in the role of parenthood. Study examined loneliness as a mediator between mother phubbing and psychological well-being. In total 186 mothers (30-45 years) were surveyed. Results highlighted that Mother phubbing negatively correlated with psychological well-being (r = -0.29) and loneliness (r = -0.39). Loneliness is negatively correlated with psychological well-being (r = -0.40). Loneliness mediated the relationship (b = -0.13, p<.001). 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. Sundeep Katevarapu, Dr. Anand Pratap Singh, Dr. Priyanka Tiwari, Ms. Akriti Varshney, Ms. Priya Lanka, Ms. Aankur Pradhan, Dr. Neeraj Panwar, Dr. Kumud Sapru Wangnue; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Mother Daughter Relationship: Daughters' Experience
This study explores daughters' experience of their relationship with their mothers, and how this relationship has been perceived and interpreted by them during different periods in their lives, starting from childhood till the time of their motherhood. Further it recognizes the changes in the mother daughter relationship and factors contributing to these changes over a period of time. The study also explores stressful times in the mother daughter relationship, and the impact that the mother has on the daughter. 11 married women with at least one child were interviewed using life history method and data was analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Findings indicated changes in daughters' communication with her mother over the life cycle and change in roles for the daughter as evident through role reversal and mutual mothering. Factors contributing to growth and change in the relationship were identified as the daughter experiencing wife and mother roles herself. Daughters' pregnancy, and birth of grand children have been identified as factors which evoked a lot of support from mothers. Further, adolescence was reported as a stressful period in the mother daughter relationship. In addition, the mother's values, and behaviour was found to have a direct or indirect impact on the role attitudes and behaviours of some daughters in the study. The power of the mother's influence lied in her implicit and explicit messages given to the daughter more than her actual role choice. Some mothers and daughters had gender based expectations for each other. -
MoS2, a new perspective beyond graphene
Owing to the fascinating structural, optical, electrical, chemical properties, graphene has created new paradigm in the field of nanoscience and the common crystalline structures that can be exfoliated include the layered van der Waals (vdW) solids such as boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), black phosphorus, and the layered ionic solids. Here, we bring forth the state-of-art-of materials dominated by their two-dimensional (2D) geometry beyond graphene. Being one of the most well-studied families of vdW layered materials, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) belonging to TMDC family has gained considerable research interest. The present work is focused on attempts to optimize and characterize this material with unique properties for a host of applications. The work resolves the hydrothermal growth of hexagonal MoS2 nanoflakes with attracting optical and magnetic properties providing strong evidence for the spin orbit split valence bands of these nanostructures. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity, excitation wavelength dependent down-conversion and up-conversion photoluminescence, growth of structural polymorphs using simple hydrothermal method, and the efficient anticancer properties of MoS2 nanostructures providing greater insight into energy and biomedical applications are also discussed. The improved catalytic activity of MoS2-based nanostructures reveals the increasing number of accessible active sites, formation of large surface area and is greatly beneficial for accomplishing a clean, environmental-friendly, inexpensive hydrogen mission for energy storage and conversion applications. The synergistic effect of the MoS2 nanocomposites was able to impede angiogenesis, tumor growth, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, elucidating the anticancer efficacy. Understanding and exploiting such unique properties of these 2D materials paves new horizons toward novel technological advances in electronic and medical field. 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
MoS2-TiO2 Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photo-electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
The investigation on the designing and fabrication of highly efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is critical for future applications in renewable sustainable energy. The present work reports the hydrothermal synthesis of two-dimensional MoS2 and MoS2-TiO2 nanostructures. The as-prepared nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman analysis, UV-vis-NIR, and photoluminescence spectrophotometry and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Systematic electrochemical measurements for HER were performed and MoS2-TiO2 nanocomposites demonstrated the lowest onset potential in comparison with MoS2. The results suggest that the nanofusion interface between MoS2 nanoflakes and TiO2 nanoparticles induced an efficient charge transfer from the conduction band of MoS2 to TiO2 and favored the reduction of H+ at active sites. We believe the present work can open up new possibilities that would provide deep insights for the rational design of 2D materials-based catalysts for energy storage and conversion applications. 2023 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. -
Morphology-dependent supercapacitive properties of Co3O4 nanomaterials synthesized via coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods
The supercapacitive properties of Co3O4 nanocrystalline powders with two different morphologies synthesized by coprecipitation (referred to as Co3O4C) and hydrothermal (referred to as Co3O4-H) methods were compared and studied. The samples were analyzed for their phase purity, crystal structure, surface morphology, and surface area. Both samples were found to be single-phase nanostructures with a normal spinel-type cubic crystal structure (space group Fd3m), as indicated by Raman and XRD (X-ray diffraction) data analyses. TEM (Transmission electron microscopy) images clearly show that the Co3O4C sample exhibits spherical particles with a mean size of 10 nm. On the other hand, the Co3O4H sample shows a flower-like assembly of particles. The Co3O4C sample has a higher specific surface area than the Co3O4-H sample due to its smaller particle size. XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) data were collected to analyze the chemical states and cation distribution of the samples, revealing a 2:1 ratio of Co3+ and Co2+ in both samples. Both samples displayed pseudocapacitive behaviour in CV (cyclic voltammetry) and GCD (galvanostatic chargedischarge) analyses. Despite having a smaller surface area, the Co3O4H electrode exhibited a higher CS (specific capacitance) compared to the Co3O4C electrode at all current densities when tested using 1 M KOH electrolyte. At a specific current density (0.5 A/g), the Cs values for Co3O4C and Co3O4H are found to be 366 F/g and 233 F/g, respectively. As the current density increases, the specific capacitance of both electrodes decreases, but this reduction is more prominent for Co3O4-C than Co3O4-H. The study indicates that besides surface area, the morphology of the sample also plays a crucial role in determining the capacitance of a material. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Morphology of interstellar medium using multi-wavelength observations
The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter that exists between the stars in a galactic system. The structure and composition of a galaxy can be understood by a study of the ISM. Our Galaxy is the only place where the observations of the ISM can be resolved and studied in great detail. There are various archived observations from space-based and ground-based telescopes spanning a large region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Combining these different observations with one another will help to study the ISM on a large scale.