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A New Facile Iodine-Promoted One-Pot Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolinone Compounds
A one-pot iodine catalyzed reaction has been developed for the preparation of dihydroquinazolinones from isatoic anhydride, enaminones, and amines in modest to good yields. The reaction has been screened in various catalysts and solvents and a gram scale experiment has been performed based on the optimum conditions. A possible mechanism has been proposed based on the control experiments. The reaction has been checked with broad range of substrates. 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim -
The Diffuse Radiation Field at High Galactic Latitudes
We have used GALEX observations of the north and south Galactic poles to study the diffuse ultraviolet background at locations where the Galactic light is expected to be at a minimum. We find offsets of 230-290 photon units in the far-UV (1531 and 480-580 photon units in the near-UV (2361 . Of this, approximately 120 photon units can be ascribed to dust-scattered light and another 110 photon units (190 in the near-UV) to extragalactic radiation. The remaining radiation is, as yet, unidentified and amounts to 120-180 photon units in the far-UV and 300-400 photon units in the near-UV. We find that molecular hydrogen fluorescence contributes to the far-UV when the 100 ?m surface brightness is greater than 1.08 MJy sr-1. 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. -
Heat transfer in the flow of blood-gold Carreau nanofluid induced by partial slip and buoyancy
Dynamics of blood containing gold nanoparticles on a syringe and other objects with a nonuniform thickness is of importance to experts in the industry. This study presents the significance of partial slip (i.e. combination of linear stretching and velocity gradient) and buoyancy on the boundary layer flow of blood-gold Carreau nanofluid over an upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution (uhspr). In this report, the viscosity of the Carreau fluid corresponding to an infinite shear-rate is assumed as zero, meanwhile, the viscosity corresponding to zero shear-rate, density, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity were assumed to vary with the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation that models the transport phenomenon were non-dimensionalized and parameterized using suitable similarity variables and solved numerically using classical RungeKutta method with shooting techniques and MATLAB bvp4c package for validation. The results show that temperature distribution across the flow decreases more significantly with buoyancy-related parameter when the influence of partial slip was maximized. Maximum velocity of the flow is ascertained at larger values of partial slip and buoyancy parameters. At smaller values of Deborah number and large values of volume fraction, maximum local skin friction coefficient, and local heat transfer rate are ascertained. 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. -
Medical Image Security Using Dual Encryption with Oppositional Based Optimization Algorithm
Security is the most critical issue amid transmission of medical images because it contains sensitive information of patients. Medical image security is an essential method for secure the sensitive data when computerized images and their relevant patient data are transmitted across public networks. In this paper, the dual encryption procedure is utilized to encrypt the medical images. Initially Blowfish Encryption is considered and then signcryption algorithm is utilized to confirm the encryption model. After that, the Opposition based Flower Pollination (OFP) is utilized to upgrade the private and public keys. The performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated using performance measures such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), entropy, Mean Square Error (MSE), and Correlation Coefficient (CC). 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Quadratic convective flow of radiated nano-Jeffrey liquid subject to multiple convective conditions and Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion
A nonlinear flow of Jeffrey liquid with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux is investigated in the presence of nanoparticles. The features of thermophoretic and Brownian movement are retained. The effects of nonlinear radiation, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), and convective conditions are accounted. The conversion of governing equations into ordinary differential equations is prepared via stretching transformations. The consequent equations are solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) method. Impacts of physical constraints on the liquid velocity, the temperature, and the nanoparticle volume fraction are analyzed through graphical illustrations. It is established that the velocity of the liquid and its associated boundary layer width increase with the mixed convection parameter and the Deborah number. 2018, Shanghai University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. -
A complete person re-identification model using Kernel-PCA-based Gabor-filtered hybrid descriptors
Person re-identification is a challenging problem in computer vision. Lots of research interest is observed in this area over the past few years. A model for complete person re-identification can prove useful in this direction. Use of convolutional neural networks for pedestrian detection can improve the accuracy of detection to a larger extent. Deriving a descriptor which is invariant to the changes in the illumination, background and the pose can make the difference in the re-identification process. The predominant part of our work focuses on building a robust descriptor which can tackle such challenges. We have concentrated on building a descriptor by employing appearance-based features extracted both at local and global levels. Further, the dimensionality of the descriptor is reduced using kernel PCA. Distance metric learning algorithms are used to evaluate the descriptor on three major benchmark datasets. We propose a complete person re-identification system which involves both pedestrian detection and person re-identification. Major contributions of this work are to detect pedestrians from surveillance videos using CNN-based learning and to generate a kernel-PCA-based spatial descriptor and evaluate the descriptor using known distance metric learning methods on benchmark datasets. 2018, Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature. -
Assessment of microsatellite instability for screening bladder cancer in high-risk population
Aims: This study aims to determine the diagnostic efficacy of microsatellite markers for screening bladder cancer in population at high risk. Materials and Methods: A population of 200 people was screened for bladder cancer using a set of microsatellite markers. Urine samples were obtained from four different types of population groups - Group 1 (healthy population group), Group 2 (current smokers with a smoking history of more than 10 years), Group 3 (bladder cancer group), and Group 4 (bladder cancer group who were former smokers with a history of more than 10 years). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify microsatellite sequences at D9S63, D9S156, and D9S283. PCR products were separated on 1.8% agarose gel and were scanned using ultraviolet transilluminator. Results: In Group 2 (high-risk population group, mainly current smokers with a history of more than 10 years), microsatellite alterations were found in 36 out of 50 people. We observed microsatellite alterations in 38 out of 50 people in Group 3 (bladder cancer group) and in 39 out of 50 people in Group 4 (bladder cancer group, mainly former smokers with a history of more than 10 years). The sensitivity of this test in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 was found to be 72%, 76% and 78%, respectively. The specificity of this test in each group was found to be 90%. Conclusion: Using these set of microsatellite markers, medium sensitivity and high specificity were reported for this test. The current findings suggest that a set of microsatellite markers (D9S63, D9S156, and D9S283) can be used to detect bladder cancer in high-risk population. 2018 Medknow Publications. All Rights Reserved. -
Opto-electric property relationship in phosphorus embedded nanocarbon
Graphene, due to its zero band gap, has an excellent combination of the important features such as ballistic transport, tensile strength and chemical tuning, which are practically hindered in opto-electric applications. The precursors used in the production of nanocarbon are relatively costlier; however, that their production processes include difficulties is a harder problem. It is possible to control the size, structure and properties of the produced nanocarbon matrix by tuning sp2 domains in the matrix. In this respect, the coal, being a potential candidate for the synthesis of nanocarbon which holds promising applications, has attracted remarkable interest. The nanocarbon structure reported in this paper was synthesized from bituminous coal and then phosphorus atoms were added into the produced structure in order to obtain resultant composite structure, whose structural properties were illustrated here in detail by using the X-ray, IR and UVVisible spectroscopy techniques. A systematical analysis of the optical and electrical properties of the produced composite has revealed that a composite structure to be produced in the ratio 1:2 of nanocarbon + phosphorus has better optical and electrical properties. We report here that the composite produced in this study from nanocarbon by adding phosphorous atoms shows unique photoluminescent property in particular due to the dominance of quantum confinement and oxygen functionalities. The observed increase in the dielectric strength, which results from interfacial polarization and its frequency independent nature, is desirable for the fields such as supercapacitor, sensor, stealth applications etc. 2018 The Authors -
FSDA: Framework for Secure Data Aggregation in wireless sensor network for enhancing key management
An effective key management plays a crucial role in imposing a resilient security technique in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). After reviewing the existing approaches of key management, it is confirmed that existing approachs does not offer good coverage on all potential security breaches in WSN. With WSN being essential part of Internet-of-Things (IoT), the existing approaches of key management can definitely not address such security breaches. Therefore, this paper introduces a Framework for Secure Data Aggregation (FSDA) that hybridizes the public key encryption mechanism in order to obtain a novel key management system. The proposed system does not target any specific attacks but is widely applicable for both internal and external attacks in WSN owing to its design principle. The study outcome exhibits that proposed FSDA offers highly reduced computational burden, minimal delay, less energy consumption, and higher data transmission perforance in contrast to frequency used encryption schemes in WSN. Copyright 2018 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Nonlinear radiative flow of casson nanoliquid past a cone and wedge with magnetic dipole: Mathematical model of renewable energy
Solar energy is an important source of energy for all the living things. Other sources of energy such as electricity and heat can be converted from solar radiation. The recent advanced technologies are utilized to convert solar energy into electricity. In this direction, nanoliquids are quite useful because they directly absorb or scatter solar radiation. Nanofluids are selected to be best aspirant for the development of renewable energy. They are successfully utilized in the processes of renewable energy. Due to such importance of nanofluids, we investigate the effects of nanoparticles on nonlinear convective and radiative flow of Casson liquid. Two cases are considered namely flow due to a cone and flow due to a wedge. In addition to traditional temperature dependent heat source aspect an exponential space dependent heat source effect is examined. Explicitly heat/mass transfer mechanism is analysed due to prescribed linear surface temperature/particles volume fraction. Problem formulation is presented using conservation laws of mass, momentum, energy and nanoparticles volume fraction under boundary layer approximations. The solutions to the dimensionless problem are computed via Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg based shooting method. Results are plotted and examined. The exponential space dependent and thermal dependent heat source aspects are dominates on thermal field. Further, heat and mass transfer rates are higher in case of flow created by cone than flow created by wedge. The liquid velocity is higher in the case of flow due to wedge than flow due to cone case. 2018 by American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved. -
A study of pulsation & rotation in a sample of A-K type stars in the Kepler field
We present the results of time-series photometric analysis of 15106 A-K type stars observed by the Kepler space mission. We identified 513 new rotational variables and measured their starspot rotation periods as a function of spectral type and discuss the distribution of their amplitudes. We examined the well-established period-color relationship that applies to stars of spectral types F5-K for all of these rotational variables and, interestingly, found that a similar period-color relationship appears to extend to stars of spectral types A7 to early-F too. This result is not consistent with the very foundation of the period-color relationship. We have characterized 350 new non-radial pulsating variables such as A- and F-type candidate ? Scuti, ? Doradus and hybrid stars, which increases the known candidate non-radial pulsators in the Kepler field significantly, by ?20%. The relationship between two recently constructed observables, Energy and Efficiency, was also studied for the large sample of non-radial pulsators, which shows that the distribution in the logarithm of Energy (log (En)) can be used as a potential tool to distinguish between the non-radial pulsators, to some extent. Through visual inspection of the light curves and their corresponding frequency spectra, we found 23 new candidate red giant solar-like oscillators not previously reported in the literature. The basic physical parameters such as masses, radii and luminosities of these solar-like oscillators were also derived using asteroseismic relations. 2018, The Author(s). -
Psychological distress among college students of coastal district of Karnataka: A community-based cross-sectional survey
Background: Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) are frequent among adolescents and early adults. National Mental Health Survey of India 20152016 shows alarming results, especially for depression. This study explored the prevalence of psychological distress among college students. Additionally, the relationship between gender, living arrangement with psychological distress in various educational streams were explored. Materials and Methods: Through a cross-sectional community-based survey a total of 4839 college going students of various educational streams in Mangalore, Karnataka were assessed for psychological distress with Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Results: Participants had median age of 19 (range = 9) years and the majority (59.5%) were females. The median SRQ score was 4 (range 20) and about 28.5% of students were found to be psychologically stressed. The suicidal ideation was reported by 13.6% of the students. Engineering and Arts/science/commerce students had significantly higher psychological distress scores as compared to health and allied sciences (k = 47.7; p < 0.001) and those who were staying with families (U = 2,687,648.5; p = 0.004) reported higher levels of psychological distress in comparison to those who were staying away from their families. Conclusion: Prevalence of psychological distress was high among students, especially non-medical students, students who were staying with their families, and those who were younger in age. A significant proportion of students had suicidal ideation, which needs early mental health interventions at the college level. 2018 -
Challenges of Indian girls with maternal schizophrenia
Schizophrenia, earlier known as dementia praecox, is considered to be one of the most devastating mental illnesses due to its impact on the individual as well as family members. The Indian context characterized by ones rootedness to family, warrant enquiry about difficulties and burnouts faced by girl children.When it is the mother who is suffering from the illness, there tends to be a huge lag in terms of primary care giving. A disturbed home environment along with inadequate parenting have shown to adversely affect the girl children. The present qualitative research study aimed to explore challenges faced by the girl children with maternal schizophrenia with the help of 43 Mental Health Professionals (MHPs) across India. Interpretative Phenomenological Approach (IPA)was adopted and interviews were conducted using a validated interview guide. Thematic analysis revealed that girl children whose mothers are diagnosed with schizophrenia faced challenges in self, family and social sphere of life. Neglect, self blame and the question why me were recurrent themes.They experienced difficulties in cognitive, behavioral and social domains. The added burden of family responsibilities and social stigma made the surroundings challenging.Exploring the world of girls with maternal schizophrenia would deepen our understanding about impact of schizophrenia on family members and aid us develop interventions to support the care givers. 2019 Oriental Scientific Publishing Company. All rights reserved. -
Exploratory analysis of legal case citation data using node embedding
Legal case citation network is primary tool to understand mutable landscape of the legal domain. These networks are also used to study legal knowledge transfer, similar precedents and inter-relationship among laws of a judiciary. These networks are often very huge and complex due to the multidimensional texture of this domain. In recent years, network embedding using deep learning emerges as a promising breakthrough for analyzing networks. This paper presents a novel approach of learning vector representation for a legal case based on its citation context in the network using node2vec algorithm. These vector embedding are further used in understanding similarities between cases. Paper highlights that the tSNE reduced representation of the obtained vectors facilitates visual exploration and provides insights into the complex citation network. Suitability of node embedding for application of machine learning algorithm is demonstrated by clustering the node vectors for finding similar cases. ICIC International 2019. -
Photophysical and Electrochemical Studies of Anchored Chromium (III) Complex on Reduced Graphene Oxide via Diazonium Chemistry
Covalently anchored chromium complex on reduced graphene oxide (rGO-Cr) is successfully synthesised through trimethoxy silyl propanamine (TMSPA) and phenyl azo salicylaldehyde (PAS) coupling. The rGO-Cr is characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Absorption and emission properties of rGO-TMSPA-PAS are studied by excitation dependent photoluminescence emissions at room temperature. Electrochemical sensing activity of rGO-Cr is monitored for paracetamol using modified glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry measurements indicated that rGO-Cr substantially enhance the eletrochemical response of paracetamol. The experimental factors are investigated and optimized. 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. -
Emotional needs of women post-rescue from sex trafficking in India
Sex trafficking has persisted a social crime that maintains its status despite being unlawful. Since it prevails, there is a need to investigate it to understand the effects and consequences of the same on the survivors. The current study aims to understand the emotional needs of survivors post-rescue from sex trafficking living in aftercare homes in India and to look into survivors suggestions post-rescue to NGOs, society, family, government and police. It included ten survivors from sex trafficking, ages between 18 to 24years old. They are emerging adults who have experienced sex trafficking for at least one year, regardless of whether trafficking happened in childhood, adolescence or early adulthood, rescued one to five years ago. The researcher used a phenomenological approach. Thematic analysis was employed to identify themes within the data collected from the participants. Findings revealed that survivors had got a better life after the rescue, and they need acceptance, respect, understanding, and they need to develop trust on people around them. They still have many challenges post-rescue such as lack of education and job opportunities. They need guidance to start a new life. Mostly, sex trafficking survivors need safety and protection. 2019, 2019 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. -
Job Search Methods in the Software Industry in Bangalore: Does Social Capital Matter?
Heterogeneity of workers and jobs results in imperfections such as information asymmetry in the labour market. Acquisition and evaluation of information by buyers and sellers to arrive at a decision is, therefore, both difficult and costly. Referrals in the labour market act as a conduit through which necessary information flows between prospective employers and job seekers, thereby reducing problems associated with information asymmetry. The information technology (IT) industry hires about a quarter of their workforce through referrals. We look at realised job search outcomes of IT workers some of whom have found jobs through informal methods of search deploying their social networks while others through formalised channels of recruitment. We examine social capital, human capital and firm-specific differences among those who found jobs through formal vis-a-vis informal methods of search. The empirical analysis is primarily descriptive and is based on a survey conducted among software workers in the IT industry in Bangalore. The results suggest that there are no significant differences in the human capital characteristics of workers between the two methods of job finding. However, certain social capital and firm-specific characteristics significantly differ among the methods of job finding. 2019, Indian Society of Labour Economics. -
Human behavior analysis of BBC-news comments posted on facebook using lexicon-rule based approach
Today people spend a considerable part of their time on online platforms say, social media than with the real world. Social media, particularly Facebook is the platform for the users to post, share, like, tag and comment any photos and videos. This paper deals with the Facebook platform to study the human behavior based on the comments of five posts from BBC-news Facebook page. For every post in Facebook we can get different opinion or emotional behavior by different users. The behavior of people to the same event need not be similar, they can be different. A response through comments and smileys for a post portrays behaviors of people. Here the behavior analysis is performed on comments of the BBC news Facebook posts. The comments of the post are fetched by the online extractor named Socialfy [12]. This paper considered five news from unique from BBC-news Facebook page. The human behavior analysis performed using Python VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner) package. This work uses the Lexicon approach to assign scores for the words and rule-based approach used to find the polarity type of words. The polarity of a post is the sentimental behavior of the people towards the post. The total polarity of this work tends towards neutral so, we could conclude that for each situation behavior of man can take positive or negative poles. 2019, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc. All rights reserved. -
Gold jewellery making and migrant labour force in Kerala
The extent of the gold jewellery market in Kerala has widened and consumption patterns have drastically altered. The increasing presence of migrant workers in the industry is a direct consequence of the deregulation of the gold industry in the early 1990s. While resorting to a labour process framework, this paper elucidates the process of recruitment and the composition of workforce. The empirical data is based on the findings and observations gathered through intensive fieldwork conducted during the course of three years, from 2010 to 2013, in the gold jewellery making industry in Thrissur and Kozhikode districts. This work also relies on a larger data set, the Inter-State Migrant Survey conducted by the Centre for Development Studies in 2012, which collected data on migrant workers from four districts of Kerala. 2019 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
Hybrid approach: Naive bayes and sentiment VADER for analyzing sentiment of mobile unboxing video comments
Revolution in social media has attracted the users towards video sharing sites like YouTube. It is the most popular social media site where people view, share and interact by commenting on the videos. There are various types of videos that are shared by the users like songs, movie trailers, news, entertainment etc. Nowadays the most trending videos is the unboxing videos and in particular unboxing of mobile phones which gets more views, likes/dislikes and comments. Analyzing the comments of the mobile unboxing videos provides the opinion of the viewers towards the mobile phone. Studying the sentiment expressed in these comments show if the mobile phone is getting positive or negative feedback. A Hybrid approach combining the lexicon approach Sentiment VADER and machine learning algorithm Naive Bayes is applied on the comments to predict the sentiment. Sentiment VADER has a good impact on the Naive Bayes classifier in predicting the sentiment of the comment. The classifier achieves an accuracy of 79.78% and F1 score of 83.72%. Copyright 2019 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.