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Interplay of financial inclusion and economic growth in emerging economies
This study delves into the complex link between financial inclusionboth traditional and digitaland economic growth across emerging economies from 1990 to 2022, using Dynamic Simulated ARDL and Driscoll-Kraay Standard Error techniques. Key findings highlight that traditional financial inclusion correlates positively with economic growth, whereas digital financial inclusion presents obstacles. Additionally, fiscal, monetary, and trade policies play vital roles: fiscal policies in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico focus on infrastructure, social programs, and tax reforms, respectively, to spur growth. Monetary policies include Brazil's inflation targeting, Turkey's interest rate adjustments, and India's MUDRA scheme, which promotes entrepreneurship. Trade policies, such as Chile's Free Trade Agreements and Mexico's participation in NAFTA, improve market access and economic resilience, while Egypt and Saudi Arabia focus on foreign direct investment and economic diversification. The study emphasizes coordinated policy efforts for sustained growth, advocating for financial inclusion supported by robust regulations and government investments in critical areas like infrastructure and healthcare. Central banks contribute by maintaining price stability and credit access, while strategic trade agreements and export diversification enhance economic resilience. The focus of the study on emerging economies and macro-level insights calls for further research at the micro-level to refine these results. By maintaining policy coherence and regular evaluations, these strategies aim to foster inclusive, long-term economic growth. 2025 The Author(s) -
Navigating the digital transformation landscape: Implications for accounting
Digitalization brings significant changes to the world, particularly in industries where information technology is essential. Accounting is one profession that has benefited from digital developments. The goal of this chapter is to synthesize recent academic studies on accounting digitalization and provide some suggestions for future research. Because of the short- and long-term effects of environmental factors on both the corporate and financial sectors, it is clear that business leaders and investors must measure and manage environmental risks to address the impact on business and society. This chapter aims to contribute to these critical discussions by providing new insights of digitalization, tax avoidance, reporting, accounting, and green finance. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Boosting productive capacity in OECD countries: Unveiling the roles of geopolitical risk and globalization
This study examines the intertwined effects of geopolitical risk and globalization on productive capacity (the measure of economic cycles) in 20 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries from 2000 to 2021. The panel threshold regression and Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimations highlight the positive impact of globalization on productive capacity. Still, they are underscored by the negative effect of geopolitical risk. The study also unveils a synergistic relationship, demonstrating that the combined influence of globalization and geopolitical risk can amplify productive capacity under specific conditions. Government effectiveness and innovation have positive effects on productive capacities. These findings underscore the need for balanced policies that leverage global economic integration while ensuring geopolitical stability, and offering nuanced insights to guide strategic decision-making for sustained economic cycles. 2024 Elsevier Inc. -
The Role of Real Exchange Rate in Indias Service Export: Do Remittances Inflows Matter in Post Liberalization-Era?
This study assesses the effects of real exchange rate and remittance inflows on India's total service exports, comprising traditional and modern service exports, spanning the annual data from 1990 to 2020. The control variables for the service export function include developments in the banking sector and the stock market and net inflows of foreign direct investment. The ARDL model is the estimating technique of the present study. The real exchange rate has an adverse effect on total, traditional, and modern service exports, according to the long-run outcomes of the ARDL model. Remittance inflows are interestingly shown to support modern service exports while impeding total and traditional service exports. The growth of the banking sector is beneficial for traditional and total service exports, but it has a negative impact on modern service exports. All service exports are benefited by stock market development; however, net FDI inflows negatively impact all forms of service exports. Based on these results, thepolicymakers in India are advised to maximize the effective utilization of remittance inflows in traditional service exports. Additionally, proactive intervention by the central bank is recommended to mitigate the adverse effects of the real exchange rate on traditional and modernservice exports. This study also provides valuable insights for thepolicymakers and practitioners seeking to enhance India's service export performance while navigating the complexities of real exchange rates, remittance inflows, and financial factors. 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature. -
Determinants of Financial Development in Top and Bottom Remittances and FDI Inflows Recipient Developing RegionsHow Does Institutional Quality Matter?
In this paper, we empirically examine the effects of remittances inflows, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, and institutional quality index on financial development index in the top (15 Europe and Central Asian countries) and bottom (29 Sub-Saharan African countries) remittances and FDI recipient developing regions using balanced panel data over the period 19842020. We used economic growth and government investment as control variables in the financial development function. The findings from the panel PMG-ARDL model indicate that inflows of remittances, FDI, and institutional quality stimulate (reduce) financial development in the top (bottom) region. This varying finding appears to be conditional on introducing institutional quality in financial development function as moderating factor. It finds that financial development is positively associated with remittance and FDI inflows in the presence of institutional quality as moderating channel for both the regions. Financial development is also significantly associated with economic growth in both regions. The mixed impact of domestic investment on financial development is found in both the regions. Our results are robust to the FGLS technique as an alternative econometric set-up. Interestingly, institutional quality reduces the weak effects of remittances and FDI inflows on financial development in the bottom region. Overall, our findings confirm the Mishkins (2009) economic globalization-led (i.e., remittances and FDI inflows) financial development hypothesis. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Role of Globalization and Innovation Pattern in Growth of Bank Credit: Evidence From Emerging and Advanced Asia
This study examines the role of globalization and innovation pattern (i.e., innovation by the residents and non-residents) in the growth of domestic bank credit across emerging and advanced Asian economies spanning from 1996 to 2022. The bank credit growth model includes economic growth and real interest rate as important control variables. This study employs Cross Sectional-Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) as an appropriate baseline method because of the cointegration, endogeneity, and cross-sectional dependency present in the data. The long-run results for emerging Asian economies indicate that globalization exhibits a negative impact on banking credit, contrasting with the positive influence observed in advanced Asian economies due to heightened economic growth and increased credit demand. Residential innovation consistently bolsters banking credit in both sets of economies, albeit with mixed effects stemming from non-resident innovation. The long-run results further indicate the positive (negative) impact of economic growth (real interest rate) on bank credit in emerging and advanced Asian economies. These findings are reliable due to the similar results obtained from using Driscoll-Kraay Robust Standard Errors (DKSEs) as robust method. For policymakers in emerging economies, the imperative policy lies in striking a delicate balance between economic openness and bank credit, while counterparts in advanced economies are poised to bolster bank credit accessibility through foreign innovation while upholding stringent regulatory oversight. 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Role of Digitalization and Government Effectiveness in Sustainable Energy Transition: Evidence From Asian Economies
This study explores how digitalization, through resident and non-resident innovation initiatives, along with government effectiveness, affects the transition to renewable energy generation in five Advanced (Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand and Singapore) and seven Emerging (China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam) Asian economies. The research uses annual data from 1985 to 2022 and applies several econometric methods to analyse the impact of these factors on renewable energy generation in a panel setup while also considering economic growth and human capital as key control variables. The findings reveal that residential innovation negatively impacts renewable energy generation in Advanced Asia but has a positive effect in Emerging Asia. Additionally, government effectiveness and non-residential innovation hinder renewable energy generation in Emerging Asia while contributing positively in Advanced Asia. Economic growth and human capital show a positive association with renewable energy generation in both Advanced and Emerging Asian economies. These findings are robust to an alternative method used. Besides, additional robust results further indicate that artificial intelligence patents used as an alternative measure of digitalization hinder renewable energy generation in Emerging Asia and promote it in Advanced Asia. These findings provide valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders, highlighting the need for tailored strategies to drive sustainable energy transition in different economic contexts. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Do economic globalization and the level of education impede poverty levels? A non-linear ARDL approach
This study empirically examines whether economic globalization reduces (enhances) the level of poverty in the top (bottom) globalized region by controlling economic growth, urbanization, government expenditure, and public expenditure on education. This issue has taken Europe and Central Asia (ECA) as the top (16) and South Asia (SA) as the bottom (7) economic globalized developing region for the empirical analysis for the period of 1991-2020. Two empirical models, non-linear ARDL and PMG-ARDL, estimate the impact of globalization (trade and financial openness) and education on poverty. This study also segregates economic globalization into de jure and de facto to critically analyze the impact on poverty reduction. The long-run results suggest that economic globalization has a negative (positive) effect on poverty in the top (bottom) globalized region. Apart from globalization, primary education is insufficient for reducing poverty in the ECA region, while primary education is enough to reduce poverty in the SA region. After replacing economic globalization with trade and financial openness, the results reveal that more trade openness is difficult for reducing poverty in top globalized developing countries. On the contrary, financial openness reduces (enhances) poverty in the top (bottom) globalized region. Additionally, the impact of de jure and de facto economic globalization are similar throughout the regions. The effects of control variables are mixed in nature. From a policy perspective, the government of these two regions should use education as a weapon to lower poverty vulnerability by improving its quality and giving extensive focus on trade and financial openness to find out the leakage of the financial flows. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
The International Capital Flows and Domestic Savingsdomestic Investment Nexus: A Comparative Evidence Between Heterogeneous Developing Regions
Drawing inspiration from Feldstein and Horiokas (1980) (FH) puzzle, our study elucidates the impact of remittances and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on domestic savings and investment in two disparate yet globalized developing regions: Latin America and the Caribbean and South Asia. Utilizing an extensive dataset spanning from 1984 to 2021 and employing diverse methodologies, including Dynamic System generalized method of moment, DriscollKraay standard error, fully modified ordinary least squares, and dynamic ordinary least squares, our findings reveal that remittances exert a positive influence on both domestic investment and savings across both regions. However, South Asia predominantly directs remittance inflows towards investment, while Latin America and the Caribbean exhibit a propensity towards saving these funds. As for FDI, the primary developing region predominantly channels these funds into investment, whereas the lower region prioritizes savings. The impact of control variables manifests varied effects across both regions. Ultimately, our study underscores the pivotal role of foreign remittances in supporting investment and savings, underscoring the profound influence of economic growth on these dynamics. This accentuates the imperative for governments to proactively allocate financial resources to optimize economic growth and fortify financial frameworks. Moreover, focused strategies are indispensable for adeptly managing foreign inflows while navigating external shocks such as international repayments, external debt, and aid. Additionally, enhancements in monetary and fiscal policies are imperative to sustain competitive interest rates and foster stable macroeconomic conditions, thereby fostering conducive environments for both public and private domestic savings. JEL Classification: F24; F3; P33; C23; O18 2024 The Author(s). -
Deciphering the Nature and Dynamics of Gig-Platform Jobs: Workers Hidden Precarity
The technology-driven gig-platform sector has emerged as a new source of employment generation both globally as well domestically. This recent transformation in the labour market is reshaping the nature of labour practices, labour relations, workers rights, and contracts. The sector has huge potential to generate millions of job opportunities by leveraging the use of digital technology. As this sector continues to generate more jobs, such jobs are portrayed as fostering economic growth, while creating meaningful jobs, which are mutually beneficial to workers and employers in terms of providing flexibility and freedom, better earning opportunity, and promoting social inclusion, by which it implies that women are increasingly equipped to find better jobs. This article critically examines the developmental roles of platform jobs which are being particularly highlighted within the policy circle, in academic literature, and tech companies through workers lens. It delves deeper into the discussion on those very aspects of platform jobs just listed, including the flexibility and freedom debate, workers income, and the gender aspect of jobs. In doing so, it carefully examines these aspects with respect to their implications on workers in terms of working conditions and regulatory aspects. The article brings out the workers precarity hidden within those developmental aspects of gig-platform jobs. 2024 CSD. -
ETL and Business Analytics Correlation Mapping with Software Engineering
Large information approach can't be effectively accomplished utilizing customary information investigation strategies. Rather, unstructured information requires specific information demonstrating methods, apparatuses, and frameworks to separate experiences and data varying by associations. Information science is a logical methodology that applies scientific and measurable thoughts and PC instruments for preparing large information. At present, we all are seeing an exceptional development of data created worldwide and on the web to bring about the idea of large information. Information science is a significant testing zone because of the complexities engaged with consolidating and applying various strategies, calculations, and complex programming procedures to perform insightful investigation in huge volumes of information. Thus, the field of information science has developed from enormous information, or huge information and information science are indistinguishable. In this article we have tried to create bridge between ETL and software engineering. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Work-life balance amongst dental professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic -A structural equation modelling approach
The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in 2019, has shocked the entire world. As an effort to control the disease spread, the Indian government declared a nationwide lockdown on March 25th, 2020. As dental treatment was considered high risk in the spread of COVID-19, dentistry became one of the most vulnerable professions during this time. Dental professionals had to face job layoffs, salary cuts in professional colleges, closure of private clinics resulting in huge psychological, moral, and financial crises. Studies during the previous and present pandemics have shown mental issues among health care workers necessitating institutional reforms, along with early care and support. A balance in the work-life amongst professionals is the key to better efficiency and, was majorly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown due to sudden unexpected changes. Hence this study was conducted to understand the changes they underwent both at home and professional front with a hypothesis that physical and mental health, activities, relationship status, and workplace influence the work-life balance. Methods A pre-validated questionnaire survey was done on dentists across India. Structural Equation Modelling and path analysis were applied to the data collected. Results The results of the study supported the hypothesis that factors like physical and mental health, activities, relationship status, and workplace influenced the work-life balance directly. A significant imbalance was seen amongst the female dentists. Conclusion The present study proved the unpreparedness among dental professionals. Hence an evolutionary phase in every field with better working protocols, robust mental health support, and a focus on strategies to face future such emergencies is required. 2021 Pai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
Impact of Aggressive and Conservative Working Capital Management Policy on Firms Profitability
The International Journal's Research Journal of Social Science & Management, Vol-4 (1), pp. 105-110. ISSN-2251-1571 -
Impact of New CSR Bill on Indian Standard & Poor 50
Research Revolution, Vol-1 (3), pp. 1-4. -
The hope and the dilemma of the urban poor /
Economic Political Weekly, Vol.53, Issue 40, pp.40-46, ISSN No. 0012-9976. -
Marriage, parenting and adoption issues for LGBTQ+ community in India and their human rights challenges: A critical analysis /
The central facet of the concept of human rights is the equality of all people. Since everyone deserves respect, treating everyone equally is appropriate. Any act that diminishes that dignity is wrong because it violates the equality principle and makes discrimination more likely. Human rights are a topic that is hotly contested around the globe and is related to homosexuality. Only because of who they love and how they look do people everywhere become targets of violence and discrimination. Additionally, the LGBTQ+ community's civil rights, such as the right to marriage and the right to adopt, are not recognized on an equal footing with those of the heterosexual community. To have a family life with kids i.e. comparable to that of the heterosexual community, the LGBTQ+ community must have equal adoption rights.
The LGBTQ+ community, however, is subject to discrimination under India's adoption laws, which prevents them from fully exercising their legal rights to adoption. The discrimination on the basis adoption laws, which are predicated on the binary knowledge of gender, violate several principles outlined in Articles 14, 15, and 21 of the Indian Constitution. -
Provably secure quantum key distribution By applying quantum gate
The need for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is strengthening due to its inalienable principles of quantum mechanics. QKD commences when sender transforms bits into qubits or quantum states by applying photon polarization and sends to the receiver. The qubits are altered when measured in incorrect polarization and cannot be reproduced according to quantum mechanics principles. BB84 protocol is the primary QKD protocol announced in 1984. This paper introduces a new regime of secure QKD using Hadamard quantum gate named as PVK16 QKD protocol. Applying quantum gate to QKD makes tangle to the eavesdroppers to measure the qubits. For a given length of key, it is shown that the error rate is negligible. Also, the authentication procedure using digital certificates prior to QKD is being performed which confers assurance that the communicating entities are legitimate users. It is used as a defensive mechanism on man in the middle attack. The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry. -
Significance of key distribution using quantum cryptography
The main challenge to the cryptosystems is providing secrecy in distributing key. This challenge is explained through key distribution problem. The key distribution in classical cryptosystems is based on classical information or bits. As bits can be replicable, there will be scope for an eavesdropper to make copies of information. The classical key distribution methods rely on computational assumptions which are not potential to offer anticipated results. Consequently, it is solved using laws of quantum mechanics, and the solution is Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). In QKD, the bits are encoded into quantum states or qubits using photon polarization. The qubits cannot be replicated as per the laws of quantum mechanics. An attempt to replication will introduce errors. Thus an eavesdropping will inevitably lead to detectable traces and then the legitimate entities will decide upon discarding a particular qubit. BB84 protocol is the first QKD protocol evolved in 1984. This paper notifies the significance of QKD over key distribution performed using classical methods. It is evidently shown that the time taken to distribute a secret key through BB84 QKD protocol is comparatively less than the classical methods of key distribution. 2018 ICIC International. -
Transformations to and implications for the human rights concept in the internet age
The critical shifts in the utility, implementation, and enforcement of human rights have been achieved as a result of the rise of cutting-edge technological innovation. As a result, there has been a plethora of research on the expansion of beneficiaries of the human rights and the subject matter of such rights. The authors of this chapter contend that in this era of technology, we need to reevaluate our approach to human rights, broaden the scope of those to whom obligations relating to human rights apply by including corporations and other organizations, and be ready to consider the possibility that artificial intelligence will become a topic of discussion in public relations and fundamental rights. In this chapter, a three-pronged approach to thinking about digital rights is presented. This method takes into consideration the subtle structural impact that considering human rights in the digital age has on the job that the courts do. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
A Study on DNA Profiling Techniques and Transnational Exchange of DNA Data from Databank
DNA technology has shown to be a valuable investigative tool in the release of innocent people and the identification of those responsible for serious crimes. In the battle against illegal immigration, cross-border crime, and terrorism, the transnational DNA data interchange from national DNA databanks has become a current trend. The data types that can be shared and the system is managed by a national authority are governed by individual national legislation, which determines the scope of the data exchange. Furthermore, one of the most difficult problems in forensic science is DNA profiling, and it is a hotly debated topic. The number of unknowns in a combination raises the computational difficulty of DNA profiling dramatically. To overcome this issue, various approaches have been designed and implemented. As a result, we examine DNA profiling methodologies and tools in this study, focusing on their computational accuracy and performance. Furthermore, this research examines the available data on DNA exchange and comparison across borders. We hope this review provides more ideas for future research to choose efficient profiling techniques. 2022 Lavoisier. All rights reserved.