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Inverse Problem for the Forgotten and the Hyper Zagreb Indices of Trees
Let G = (E(G); V (G)) be a (molecular) graph with vertex set V (G) and edge set E(G). The forgotten Zagreb index and the hyper Zagreb index of G are defined by F(G) = P u2V (G) d(u)3 and HM(G) = P uv2E(G)(d(u) + d(v))2 where d(u) and d(v) are the degrees of the vertices u and v in G, respectively. A recent problem called the inverse problem deals with the numerical realizations of topological indices. We see that there exist trees for all even positive integers with F(G) > 88 and with HM(G) > 158. Along with the result, we show that there exist no trees with F(G) lt; 90 and HM(G) lt; 160 with some exceptional even positive integers and hence characterize the forgotten Zagreb index and the hyper Zagreb index for trees. 2022 The authors. -
Balanced constrained partitioning of distinct objects
Partition is the process of dividing ? elements of a set into ? non-empty subsets where every element is included in exactly one subset. Set partitioning problems play an important role in real-world scenarios such as scheduling, management and grouping. In this paper, n distinct objects are arranged into different groups and the problem of partition is evaluated concerning a people assignment problem of a multi-site company. New constraints such as minimum and the maximum number of people in a single-site company (respectively m and M) that are fixed for all sites are introduced and the solutions for the partition problem for the constraints are also established. BEIESP. -
Mathematics as an agent of dialogue in the society
Though Mathematics is mostly considered as a subject of the intelligent, it is used by everybody for daily activities. It acts as an efficient agent of dialogue in the society. Its role in transferring abstract knowledge to concrete experience, in interpreting the unknown and as a tool for problem-solving are discussed in this paper. Mathematics also helps human beings to transcend from concrete experience to abstract knowledge. This paper showcases various elements of Mathematics over a wide spectrum, from those useful in everyday life of human beings to the discussions on potential and actual infinity. Mathematics is an integral part of human life and an essential tool in knowing the universe. We do not deliberately side with any of the schools in Mathematics or that of Philosophy. 2017 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Line completion number of grid graph Pn Pm
The concept of super line graph was introduced in the year 1995 by Bagga, Beineke and Varma. Given a graph with at least r edges, the super line graph of index r, Lr(G), has as its vertices the sets of r-edges of G, with two adjacent if there is an edge in one set adjacent to an edge in the other set. The line completion number lc(G) of a graph G is the least positive integer r for which Lr(G) is a complete graph. In this paper, we find the line completion number of grid graph Pn Pm for various cases of n and m. 2021 Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. -
Graph theory in security, utility, aesthetics and affordability
The theory of Domination in graphs is used in security systems. Landscaping uses planarity and crossing number. In layout designs, hamiltoincity is regulalry used. Edge-weighted graphs and Max-Flow Min-Cut models are also discussed in this paper. 2023 Author(s). -
A storage system for data encryption and decryption using line and method thereof /
Patent Number: 202141013775, Applicant: Sanjana Theresa.
The present invention discloses a storage system in a computer network for data encryption and decryption using line graphs and method thereof. The system includes, but not limited to, a processing unit in a computer network that includes at least one hardware processor, the processing system configured to perform: to represent data as vertices in a graph; wherein each character is correspond to a vertex while all adjacent characters in the plaintext will be represented as adjacent vertices in the graph. -
A storage system for data encryption and decryption using line graphs and method thereof /
Patent Number: 202141013775, Applicant: Sanjana Theresa.
The present invention discloses a storage system in a computer network for data encryption and decryption using line graphs and method thereof. The system includes, but not limited to, a processing unit in a computer network that includes at least one hardware processor, the processing system configured to perform. -
Place-based strategies, multichannel merger, and context-driven alerts for engagement with mobile marketing
Mobile marketing is essential for timely, personalized communication in the digital world. Engagement is increased by location-based strategies like geofencing and context-driven notifications. Integrating social media improves ties with customers. In the digital age, multi-channel integration guarantees a smooth and personalized experience. As per the authors, this chapter explores how location-based suggestions, context-driven notifications, and multi-channel integration enhance client connections while highlighting the significance of geolocation data for targeted content. For context-driven notifications to be effective, helpfulness and privacy must be balanced. Companies create stronger relationships with their consumers and improve the customer experience, which motivates both present and new customers to engage and connect with their brand. An analysis is conducted on the changing field of mobile marketing, emphasizing the use of location-based tactics, multi-channel integration, and context-driven notifications to increase user engagement. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Experiences of Students with Learning Disabilities in Higher Education: A Scoping Review
Background: As the number of students with learning disabilities (SwLD) entering higher education (HE) increases, a need arises to improve the services provided to them by understanding their experiences. This scoping review explores the extent and type of evidence on the experiences of SwLD in HE. Method: The review followed the six stages outlined by Arksey and OMalley. PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, ProQuest, and APA PsycNet were searched for primary data, and studies published between January 2012 and July 2022 were included. The following information was extracted and collated from the included studies: author/s, year, location, objective/aim, study design, materials and methods, and major findings. Results: The search yielded 3729 titles and abstracts. Their screening resulted in 26 eligible articles. The review of these articles identified three major themes: (a) academic concerns, (b) psychosocial experiences, and (c) support systems and accommodations. The academic concerns included difficulties in areas such as reading, writing, and spelling. The studies on psychosocial experiences showed that SwLD experience stress, anxiety, and lower self-esteem. The studies on support systems and accommodations indicate that they get academic support, technological support, and extra time for examinations from educational institutions. Conclusion: The SwLD experiences academic and psychosocial challenges during higher studies. However, the existing support systems do not address these challenges, and there is a need for further research in this area. 2023 The Author(s). -
Sibling influence on musical identity in emerging adults
A key characteristic and an important task of emerging adulthood is identity development. Music provides an important context for identity development, especially in emerging adults, and siblings in turn play an important role in the process of identity development. Using a qualitative narrative approach, this study aims to understand the role of siblings in the musical identity development of emerging adults. Five emerging adults between the age range of 1825years were recruited and interviewed individually. Thematic narrative analysis of the transcripts gave rise to 3 themes: Sibling Relationships, Early Identity and Discrepancy, and The Growth Journey. Overall, it was evident that siblings played a crucial role and had a large impact on the identity development process of the participants. This study provided support for Arnett's theory of emerging adulthood, with identity exploration being a defining feature of this developmental period. Further, the study also supported the notion of important others impacting the identity verification process according to identity control theory. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
Poetry writing can enhance character formation in school students through the application of rational emotive behavior theory
This study explores the role of poetry writing and the ABC model of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) in promoting character development and moral behavior among students. The study used DAS SF1 and SF2 and assessed poetic talent using a poetry attitude and knowledge test. Forty-eight students were selected using the purposive method from five Convent schools, along with five teachers. Following a two-month intervention of 30 sessions, the researcher conducted interviews to evaluate the methods efficacy. Content analysis of the integrated poetry writing and REBT program was performed using NVivo, while both quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using SPSS. The study found significant positive correlations between the integration of REBT and improved behavior, suggesting that incorporating poetry writing into the curriculum can enhance students behavior and attitudes. 2024 National Association for Poetry Therapy. -
Review on Dietary Factors in Fermented Foods and their Efficacy in Disease Management
The process of preservation of various food sources, over time, gave rise to fermented foods. Traditionally, each ethnic group has its distinct fermented food(s) incorporated into their diet, both as culinary enjoyment and nutrition. Fermentation increases nutrient availability and enhances the texture and flavor of the original food. The benefits of fermented food consumption and potential probiotic intake are discussed in this review. The review describes mechanism(s) of action of bioactive components from fermented foods on the human system, their role in health management, and an overview of the role of fermented foods in improving diseases, namely obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hematological cancers, and radiation-induced diarrhea in cancer patients and allergies are briefly reviewed. 2022 Bentham Science Publishers. -
Cholesterol reduction and heavy metal assimilation characteristics of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains isolated from pickle and moor-kuzhambu
Aims: Consumption of fermented foods are known to provide various health benefits. The present study was aimed to isolate novel potent probiotic strains from the homemade fermented Indian recipe Moor Kuzhambu and Pickle and its characterization to elucidate the efficacy of isolate in cholesterol and heavy metal reduction. Methodology and results: Cultures isolated from Pickle (CK2) and Moor Kuzhambu (CK3) were identified as different strains of Pediococcus pentosaceus using the 16S rDNA sequence-based bacterial identification method. The study analysed the survival of probiotic strains under the influence of various chemical and natural stimulants. The isolated strains exhibited tolerance to gastric juice and were able to exhibit a broad range of tolerance to varying temperatures, pH, NaCl, solvent, phenol, trypsin and artificial gastric juice. Microencapsulation studies were conducted using alginate and chitosan to increase the shelf life of the isolated probiotic. Preliminary analysis regarding cell surface studies such as autoaggregation, co-aggregations and cell surface hydrophobicity determined the ability of the strains to aggregate on to intestinal cell surface and manifest competitive pathogen displacement. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Remarkable biofilm reduction of 48% to 80% was observed in the probiotic-supplemented samples. Similarly, a reduction of 80% to 85% free cholesterol was noted in cholesterol assimilation assays and heavy metal (Cu+, Pb+, Zn+ and Fe+) assimilation ability was observed. Further studies are required to characterize the nature of the secretory products and their mode of action in the survival and immune enhancement in animal models. 2023, Malaysian Journal of Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. -
Upgradation of business applications with autonomic computing
Autonomic computing has come a long way since its inception a decade ago and has been positioned as a venerable and value-adding technology for producing and sustaining self-managing, real-time, and resilient systems for the future. A series of concerted efforts by multiple IT companies and academic research laboratories across the world have brought in a number of advancements in this discipline with vigorous study and research. A variety of proven and potential mathematical and computational concepts have been selected and synchronized to arrive at noteworthy improvements in the autonomic systems design, development, deployment, and delivery methods. Having understood the unique value-proposition and the significant achievements in the autonomic computing space, business executives and IT experts are consciously embracing the autonomic idea, which is very generic to be easily embedded in any kind of business and IT systems. However, the penetration of this technology into both IT and business applications has not been as originally envisaged by its creators due to various reasons. The business environment is still filled and saturated with large-scale packaged and monolithic applications. If the autonomic capabilities are innately squeezed into business and IT applications, then there can be major differentiators in how those applications function in seamlessly and spontaneously automating business operations. Both, existing as well as emerging applications can be targeted to become autonomic in their operations, outputs, and outlooks. In this paper, we have described how the leading enterprise packages (ERP, CRM, SCM, and so on.) can be enabled to be adaptive, highly available, secure, and scalable in their actions and reactions. The well-known enterprise applications such as CRM, Online Retail, and Marketing with focus on self-optimization characteristics are described here. A detailed analysis of a Discount Manager in an online retail scenario is also explained. The simulation results obtained clearly show how embedded autonomic capability is very close to human thinking and decision-making ability. 2013 ACM. -
An autonomic computing architecture for business applications
Though the vision of autonomic computing (AC) is highly ambitious, an objective analysis of autonomic computing and its growth in the last decade throw more incisive and decisive insights on its birth deformities and growth pains. Predominantly software-based solutions are being preferred to make IT infrastructures and platforms, adaptive and autonomic in their offerings, outputs, and outlooks. However the autonomic journey has not been as promising as originally envisaged by industry leaders and luminaries, and there are several reasons being quoted by professionals and pundits for that gap. Precisely speaking, there is a kind of slackness in articulating its unique characteristics, and the enormous potentials in business and IT acceleration. There are not many real-world applications to popularize the autonomic concept among the development community. Though, some inroads has been made into infrastructure areas like networking, load balancing etc., very few attempts has been exercised in application areas like ERP, SCM, or CRM. In this paper, we would like to dig and dive deeper to extract and explain where the pioneering and path-breaking autonomic computing stands today, and the varied opportunities and possibilities, which insists hot pursuit of the autonomic idea. A simplistic architecture for deployment of autonomic business applications is introduced and a sample implementation in an existing CRM system is described. This should form the basis of new start and ubiquitous application of AC concepts for business applications. 2012 IEEE. -
War Strategy Optimization for Optimal Integration of Public Fast Charging Stations in Radial Feeders
In light of rising pollution and global warming, there is need for raising the acceptance rate of electric vehicles (EVs) across the globe for sustainable and clean transportation. However, low-voltage electrical distribution networks (EDN) are necessary to provide the electrical power needed to charge the EV batteries. Due to their radial construction and high r/x ration branches; these networks typically suffer from significant energy losses, inadequate voltage profiles, and low stability margins. Therefore, the performance of EDNs shouldnt be further compromised by the incorporation of EV charging stations. In light of this, this work presents a unique heuristic war strategy optimization (WSO) for integrating fast charging stations (FCS) as efficiently as possible utilizing the voltage stability index (VSI). The effect of equivalent EV load penetration in EDS is initially evaluated in terms of loss, voltage profile, and voltage stability for a certain number of EVs. Simulations are executed for IEEE 15-bus system for three different scenarios. The technological advantages seen in the simulations illustrate the efficiency of the suggested technique for real-time adaptation. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Overall system performance analysis with distributed generation
Transmission system loadability enhancement using modern techniques are one of the interesting research areas under power system planning studies. This paper address the location of Distributed Generation (DG) in the network not only loadability enhancement but also for transmission loss minimization and voltage stability enhancement. We have proposed a novel strategic approach for DG location and size by considering (N-1) line contingency criterion. The approach is analyzed with IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 30-bus test systems. The results are validating the proposed approach for real-time applications. 2016 IEEE. -
One-Pot Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Garcinia gummi-gutta: Characterisation, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Cancerous and Photocatalytic Applications
Background: Methods like the bio-synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using plant extracts have become promising due to their eco-friendly approach. The study aimed to examine the utilization of Garcinia gummi-gutta fruit phytochemicals as agents in the biosynthesis of Ag NPs, evaluation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancerous properties, as well as the photocatalytic ability of bio-synthesized Ag NPs against Crystal Violet (CV), a triphenylmethane dye. Methods: The characterization of the physical properties of the Ag NPs synthesized via the green route was done using UVVis spectrophotometry (UVVis), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential analysis, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The dye degradation efficiency of CV was determined using synthesized Ag NPs under UV light by analyzing the absorption maximum at 579 nm. The antimicrobial efficacy of Ag NPs against E. coli, S. aureus, Candida tropicalis, and Candida albicans was examined using the broth dilution method. The antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of the synthesized Ag NPs were assessed using the DPPH and MTT assays. Results: The UV analysis revealed that the peak of synthesized Ag NPs was 442 nm. Data from FTIR, XRD, Zeta potential, SEM, and TEM analysis confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. The SEM and TEM analysis identified the presence of spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 29.12 nm and 24.18 nm, respectively. Maximum dye degradation efficiency of CV was observed at 90.08% after 320 min without any silver leaching, confirming the photocatalytic activity of Ag NPs. The bio-efficiency of the treatment was assessed using the Allium cepa root growth inhibition test, toxicity analysis on Vigna radiata, and Brine shrimp lethality assay. Conclusions: The findings revealed the environmentally friendly nature of green Ag NPs over physical/chemically synthesized Ag NPs. The synthesized Ag NPs can effectively be used in biomedical and photocatalytic applications. Copyright: 2023 The Author(s). -
Synthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles Using Traditionally Used Indian Medicinal Plants
Considering the exclusive environmental conditions and geological characteristics, Indian flora is extensive and rich in medicinal plants. From primeval times, plant parts and their metabolites have been widely explored for various practices including medicinal as well as culinary. The phytochemicals present in these plants are potential reducing agents for the bio-fabrication of these nanoparticles. The non-toxic nature and combination of the plant phytochemicals with precursor ions act as key aspects for synthesized nanoparticles. The present review highlights the potential applications of Inorganic nanoparticles synthesized from 148 traditionally used medicinal plants present in the Indian geographical region. In addition, parameters that influence the green synthesis of Inorganic nanoparticles such as the extraction methods, solvents used for extraction, the concentration of precursor and plant phytochemicals, pH, temperature, reaction time, and characterization techniques of the nanoparticles are discussed. Thus, the review provides information on the research that has been done in the area of green synthesis using Indian medicinal plants. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.