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Antioxidant activities of leaves and fruits of piper nigrum and piper longum
Background and Objectives: Herbs and spices have been used to enhance flavors of food, as well as for their medicinal purposes. Herbs usually contain antioxidant properties. The present study was focused on the importance of the antioxidants present in Piper nigrum and Piper longum widely used by the people of India in their food. Materials and Methods: The methanolic extracts of the leaves and fruits of both Piper nigrum and Piper longum were prepared using soxhlet extraction method. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the plant samples were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total flavonoid content (TFC) of the plant was determined. The inhibitory effect of the plant against oxidation by peroxides was evaluated by ferric thiocyanate assay. Results: The highest concentration of phenol was obtained from Piper nigrum leaves. The highest flavonoid content was observed in the Piper nigrum leaves (0.15 mg). The higher reducing potency of the antioxidants was present in the leaves and fruit of Piper nigrum and Piper longum exhibiting their antioxidant properties. The ability of the plant extracts of Piper nigrum and Piper longum against lipid peroxidation was revealed through the efficiency of inhibiting the radicals at a percentage of 58.33, 77.77, 66.66 and 22.22, respectively. Conclusion: From the study it was concluded that leaves and fruits of Piper nigrum and Piper longum have shown high antioxidant properties. So, they are considered to be rich sources of natural antioxidants for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. 2020 Jobi Xavier and Seju Thomas. -
A study on police personnels perception about causes for stress and frequency of stress occurrence
This paper states that Police Personnels Perception about causes for Occupational stress like organizational context (goals and objectives), organizational structure (size, degree of centralization), organizational processes (leadership style, decision making etc.), nature of work (shifts etc.) and physical environment (employee safety, rewards etc.) constitute the dimensions of the climate.This study is a descriptive one and it reveals the facts which are already exist. This report is about the policeconstables where it is in Tuticorin district, South part of Tamilnadu. This study focused on52 police stationswhichare divided into eight sub divisions and 600samples collected from three differentgrades of police constables. Police stress inventory (PSI) used to measure the level ofoccupational stress. Appropriate statistical tool was used for data analysis. According to theresults most of the police constables experienced more stress. Female constables facehigh stress compare with male police constables. This study concludes most of the constables areunder medium level stress group and results shows a significant difference between occupationalstressorganizational context (goals and objectives), organizational structure (size, degree of centralization), organizational processes (leadership style, decision making etc.), nature of work (shifts etc.) and physical environment (employee safety, rewards etc.). 2020 SERSC. -
Developing employment capacity: The impact of academic student organization on the students core competencies
The purpose of this research is to understand the relationship between developing employment capacity with the enhanced core competencies by participating in student body organizations while pursuing their undergraduate degree program. This research aims at understanding the Communication Skills of the Students Core Competencies that are affected by their participation in the student organizations. This research aims at understanding the overall Character Development of the student by their participation in the student organizations. This research aims at understanding the Critical Thinking skills of the students core competencies that are affected by their participation in the student organizations. This research aims at understanding the Career Development skills of the students core competencies that are affected by their participation in the student organizations. This research aims at understanding how the development in the students core competencies help in improving the students employment capacity. This is an empirical study carried out using primary and secondary methods of data collection. Literature of relevant topics were gathered and studied to assist in the study. A questionnaire was circulated to 350 respondents in order to gather information. This study shows that the students who are actively involved in student organizations develop core competencies that help them during employment. The study has proved the students develop better skills which are very useful for their life. The limitations of the study are that all the students do not develop similar skills because they play various different roles in the student organizations. Some students are less involved and the research does not take into consideration the degree of involvement. The study aims to ultimately create a system that measures the students performance and involvement in the organizations. The university can motivate students and encourage them to be more enthusiastic about participating in student organizations. 2020, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved. -
MHD flow and nonlinear thermal radiative heat transfer of dusty prandtl fluid over a stretching sheet
Boundary layer flows and melting heat transfer of a Prandtl fluid over a stretching surface in the presence of fluid particle suspensions has been investigated. The converted set of boundary layer equations are solved numerically by RKF-45 method. Obtained numerical results for flow and heat transfer characteristics are deliberated for various physical parameters. Furthermore, the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also presented in Tabs. 2 and 3. It is found that the heat transfer rates are advanced in occurrence of nonlinear radiation compered to linear radiation. Also, it is noticed that velocity and temperature profile increases by increasing Prandtl parameter. 2020 Tech Science Press. -
Handoff schemes in mobile environments a comparative study
Vehicular ad-hoc networks are one of the most popular applications of Ad-hoc networks, where networks are formed without any sort of physical connecting medium and can be formed whenever required. It is an area in networks that has enjoyed a considerable amount of attention for quite some time. Due to the highly mobile environment where these networks find their usability, it can be understood that there are a lot of problems with respect to maintaining the communication links between the moving vehicular nodes and the static infrastructures which act as the access points (AP) for these moving vehicular mobile nodes (MN). The coverage area of each AP is limited and as such, the connections need to be re-established time and again between the MNs and the closest accessible AP. Handoff is the process involved here, which deals with selecting the optimal APs as well as the best network available for data transmission. In this article, the authors compare various handoff methods and categorize them based on the different approaches they follow. Copyright 2020 IGI Global. -
A probabilistic inference algorithm for early detection of age related macular degeneration
Age Related Macular Degeneration or ARMD is a retinal disorder that causes blindness over people of older age group. ARMD is associated with age and is a leading cause of blindness around the world. There is no specific medicine to fully cure ARMD but its development can be controlled by regular exercises and a healthy lifestyle if it is detected early. With a rising population of old age group of people, it becomes important to detect ARMD as early as possible in order to contain its development further. This research attempts to develop an algorithm based on probabilistic inference through Bayesian Network by analyzing large datasets collected from previous cases where datasets include elements of risk factors that could cause ARMD along with eye images. Unlike most of the approaches in detecting ARMD this work not only analyses eye images but also includes analysis of various factors causing the disorder. To include the study and analysis of the presence of factors causing ARMD is sensible because those factors are good indicators when the need is an early detection. 2020, Engg Journals Publications. All rights reserved. -
Supply chain performance measurement practices of Indian industries
In any industry, the supply chain performance plays a crucial role and it is vital in growth of the industry. Through this study, an attempt is made to find some insight to the supply chain performance measurement practices of Indian industries through an exploratory survey. The study reveals almost all the respondents (84%) felt that supply chain performance measurement system employed in their organisation has a clear purpose. Also, the study reveals that most supply chain performance measurement system provides high importance to quality measurements and includes both financial and non-financial indicators. The Multivariate analysis revealed three factors emerged from this study are 'Strategic Orientation' followed by 'Internal Focus' and 'Motivation and Control'. The study contributes to understanding the objectives of implementing supply chain performance measurement systems and metrics (measures) used in supply chain performance measurement systems. ExcelingTech Pub. -
A systematic review on the impact of e-tailing on Indian retail industry
The paper initially focusses on the growth and issues concerning internet retailing in India. The study also aims to explore exhaustively on the growth potential of internet retailers and their prospects in the Indian retail market. The profile of the country's customers is also discussed in detail including their expectations and the complications posed by their demography. The study also intends to analyze the challenges confronting the e-tail players, their hardships, and investments. Using a meta-analysis framework study reviewed articles from national and international journals, newspapers, and books on drivers of e-tail growth in India, E-tail players in India, and Indian E-tail customers. In the results and discussions, more was spoken about the advent and opportunity exposed by the digital wallets to promote internet retailing. In the summary and conclusions investigators talked about the digital learning mania and the dynamic online shopping behavior exercised by the subscribers of e-tailing. 2020 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) -
Design and development of a method for detecting sleep roll-over counts using accelerometer ADXL335
Sleep plays an important role as it helps human body to rejuvenate, boosts mental function and manage stress. Sleep is restorative function which enhances muscle growth, repairs tissues, maintains health and make physical appearance look or feel better. The lack of sleep in human body can increase the risk of diseases which are asthma, diabetes, depression. For healthy physiological function, sleep is essential and has strong relation to mental condition. Easy way of sleep management is considered for maintaining good mental health. Numerous scientists, doctors and researchers have proposed various ways to monitor sleep, some of those best tests are polysomnography test and actigraphy test. However, taking sleep test covering the whole body with wires and electrodes which is polysomnography test is uncomfortable for patients, and sensors used for different approaches like this are costly and often require overnight treatment and expert monitoring in clinics. Therefore, easy way of detecting roll-over movements which is convenient for patients to wear is proposed. Accelerometer ADXL335 sensor is taped on socks during sleep which is comfortable for patients to wear and do not cause any inconvenience during sleep. Algorithm is proposed to read the dataset and count the roll-over during the sleep based on threshold. Resulting the number of roll-over detected during a sleep period. Copyright 2020 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Nurturing a Better Future for Best Schooling Practices: A Review Portraying the Alternative Schooling, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Schooling is an essential stage in the socialization of a child. Schooling has a direct effect on a child's educational achievement, acquisition of skills, social cognition, and feelings (Sylva, 1994). Every schooling practice has the potential to mould the child and shape future citizens. Today many different schooling practices are prevailing in India. However, the majority of these schooling practices focus more on the cognitive development of the child and nurtures the values of competition and insecurity among the children. The schools have turned into factories that bring out mechanical individuals who cannot question, express, and voice themselves but who can only become a part of the race of obtaining marks and jobs. This kind of schooling may help in increasing the literacy rates but has not helped in producing truly educated and ethical citizens. It has led to moral degradation in society (Parihar, Parihar & Sharma, 2018). In this context, it is imperative to analyse the alternative schooling practices that nurture a better future. One such school that educates the heart, allows the flowering of the child and nurtures good citizens is the Valley School, Bangalore. Through this article, an attempt has been made to present a description of prevailing schooling practices and the challenges faced in the educational context. The authors put forth a review of schooling practices at valley school, one of the best alternative schools and ignite the discussion on Valley school being the best in nurturing a better future. 2020 Horizon Research Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The mediating influence of leadership behaviour on the relationship between organizational health and work engagement
Efficient leadership and a healthy teaching environment are the two factors that determine how school teachers conduct themselves professionally. Work engagement not only reflects the teachers' performance but also implies the performance of the pupils and the school and it depends on how congenial their working conditions are. The present study intended to assess the extent to which the leadership behaviour of principals mediated the effect of organizational health on the work engagement of 516 secondary school teachers working in Bengaluru, India. The organizational health inventory was employed to quantify the organizational health of schools at institutional, managerial and technical levels, the Utrecht tool was used to measure teachers' work engagement through their vigor, dedication and absorption, and the leadership behaviour of principals was measured in terms of consideration and initiating behaviour. The findings implied a positive relationship between organizational health and teachers' work engagement. Further, while leadership behaviour indeed mediated the impact of organizational health on work engagement, the mediating effect was only partial. The results imply that the teachers' work engagement cannot be entirely attributed to the school management and working conditions, which implies scope for further research on the factors affecting work engagement among the teachers. 2020 by authors. -
Beta carotene inhibiting HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, an in silico approach
Due to the outspread of various emerging diseases, research on the discovery of new drugs is being carried out extensively. Several phytochemicals with medicinal importance are now being used for this purpose due to its effectiveness and safety in comparison to the conventional synthetic ones. Computational docking is further being used for the fast and cost-effective screening. Reverse transcriptase is a key enzyme involved in the conversion of viral RNA sequence into complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence leading to various retroviral diseases like HIV/AIDS. Patchdock docking server was used in this study to perform in silico enzyme-inhibitor binding experiment between twenty phytocompounds and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enzyme. Beta-carotene was found to have strongest binding potential in comparison to other phytochemicals. The results suggested that this compound can be used as therapeutics in the future as naturally occurring HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. 2020 World Research Association. All rights reserved. -
Numerical analysis and finite element simulation of axial stiffness of overhead transmission line conductor
Cables, overhead electrical conductors, and ropes are flexible structural assemblies made out of a central core and number of wires which are twisted together to form a complex helical structure. In the majority, cables are subjected to axial loading primarily, followed by the associated twisting. Depending upon the application, they are additionally loaded in bending also. The mechanical behavior of the cables can be predicted by various mathematical models reported in the literature. The mathematical model can predict the overall global behavior of the cable well. However, the local behavior of the cable must be included to have intricate realistic studies. In this paper, an attempt is made to predict the response of the cable considering all the local effects under axial loading. A core with a single layer of six wires is modelled using the helical rod concept and its mechanical behavior is investigated by means of Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The effect of axial loading on the cable is proposed to be studied as a function of various cable axial strains. The core-wire and the wire-wire contact mode of the cable assembly have been considered with due consideration of the contact forces and the associated frictional effects. The reduction in cable stiffness has been studied under various slip modes. The analytical and FEA results are validated with experimental tests on a single-layered transmission line conductor. TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. -
Automated testbed and real-time port analysis for reconfigurable inputoutput boards
In the computational world, automation plays a vital role in every aspect. The idea of developing and testing Reconfigurable InputOutput (RIO) Boards automatically without manual interaction is a challenging task. Initially, testing was done manually which takes a lot of time and also requires human interaction. With the proposed idea one can reduce human interaction and testing time with smart automated design setup. This testing includes testing of various functionalities of the RIO boards. This can be done by testing the features of each port with its pin configuration. To be more precise, in this process an automated testbed is designed and algorithms are proposed to verify the features of each pin such as Digital Read, Digital Write, Analog Read and Analog Write of the RIO boards along with the motor pins. Thus, the proposed method makes the setup simple, without any complications by giving the instructions to perform the testing process for each board without human interaction. Results show that the proposed method can reduce time consumption 95%, human interaction by 95% and increase testing accuracy to 87%. 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Evaluating prolonged corrosion inhibition performance of benzyltributylammonium tetrachloroaluminate ionic liquid using electrochemical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation
Corrosion inhibition performance of a newly synthesized ionic liquid Benzyltributylammonium tetrachloroaluminate [BTBA]+[AlCl4]?on carbon steel has been studied using electrochemical impedance and noise analysis in 2 N HCl medium. The synthesized product was characterized by ATR-FTIR and1H NMR spectroscopic studies. The investigation revealed that the synthesized ionic liquid, [BTBA]+[AlCl4]?showed a remarkable noise and charge transfer resistance against corrosion. The adsorption behaviour of [BTBA]+[AlCl4]- on metal surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibition efficiency is measured as a function of immersion time and exhibited prolonged protection against acidic corrosion. Results derived from UVVis spectra explained the complex formation between the metal surface and ionic liquid in acid medium. SEM/EDAX has been used to examine the surface protection offered by the ionic liquid. [BTBA]+[AlCl4]?ionic liquid exhibited good corrosion inhibitor property with an efficiency of 97% at the optimum concentration. Quantum chemical analysis and molecular simulation studies were performed to support the experimental data. 2019 Elsevier B.V. -
Integration of 0.1 GHz to 40 GHz RF and microwave anechoic chamber and the intricacies
The aim of this paper is to highlight and elaborate the construction and establishment of a rectangular anechoic chamber (AC) of dimensions 7 m 4 m 3 m working from 0.1 GHz to 40 GHz. It is an informative checklist giving an insight on the reckoning of chamber dimensions and selection of appropriate absorbers as per the required specifications. It briefs the key features of validation of an anechoic chamber, namely, shielding effectiveness and reflectivity (quiet zone). It describes the intricacies of the integration of systems such as vector network analyzer (VNA), antenna mounting stands, three-axes motorized antenna rotation control circuitry, and customized software. The validation of the established chamber is accomplished for overall shielding effectiveness of ?80 dB and reflectivity of ?40 dB in one cubic meter area at the receiving antenna or the antenna under test (AUT) region far away from transmitter say, at 5.5 m separation. This paper covers the measurement results of three broadband horn antennas which can be used as reference antennas for characterization of other antennas in the chosen frequency range. The entire report will certainly be a guideline for any reader or aspirant who is interested in the development of a similar anechoic chamber and looking for complete intricacies. 2020, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved. -
Economic growth and higher education in south asian countries: Evidence from econometrics
South Asian economies has witnessed very slow growth over the years and the gap has widened manifold between other nations of Asia particularly East Asian nations and South Asian nations. This paper examines co-integration between the economic growth and reach of higher education in South Asian nations explaining this disparity. The research employed an econometric panel co-integration investigation to analyse the long run relationship of higher education and economic growth among these nations. The research confirmed positive long run causality between the economic growth of the South Asian nations and gross enrolment ratio of higher education. So, if the South Asian nations continue with their existing pattern of paying less attention to higher education by allocating low share of investment on it, poor human capital formation would result in growing further economic disparity between developed and South Asian nations where rich nations would remain richer and poor nations would remain poor with the gap remaining unabridged. This research will serve as an aid to policy makers, educators and financers of South Asian nations to bridge the gap between high-and low-income nations. The focus on the quantum of spending on higher education by the government will help improve the reach of tertiary education and build economic prosperity in these nations. 2020, Sciedu Press. All rights reserved. -
Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Behavior Disorder and REM Sleep with Atonia in the Young
Background: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and REM sleep without atonia (RWA) have assumed much clinical importance with long-term data showing progression into neurodegenerative conditions among older adults. However, much less is known about RBD and RWA in younger populations. This study aims at comparing clinical and polysomnographic (PSG) characteristics of young patients presenting with RBD, young patients with other neurological conditions, and normal age-matched subjects.Methods: A retrospective chart review was carried out for consecutive young patients (<25 years) presenting with clinical features of RBD; and data were compared to data from patients with epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism, as well as normal subjects who underwent PSG during a 2-year-period.Results: Twelve patients fulfilling RBD diagnostic criteria, 22 autism patients, 10 with ADHD, 30 with epilepsy, and 14 normal subjects were included. Eight patients with autism (30%), three with ADHD (30%), one with epilepsy (3.3%), and six patients who had presented with RBD like symptoms (50%) had abnormal movements and behaviors during REM sleep. Excessive transient muscle activity and/or sustained muscle activity during REM epochs was found in all patients who had presented with RBD, in 16/22 (72%) autistic patients, 6/10 (60%) ADHD patients compared to only 6/30 (20%) patients with epilepsy and in none of the normal subjects.Conclusion: We observed that a large percentage of young patients with autism and ADHD and some with epilepsy demonstrate loss of REM-associated atonia and some RBD-like behaviors on polysomnography similar to young patients presenting with RBD. 2019 The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences Inc. -
In vivo, in vitro and in silico screening of a potent Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor from Trigonella foenum-graecum extract using Zebrafish as a model organism to reduce hypertension
The number of patients suffering from hypertension is on the rise worldwide and there is a need to explore natural products which can supplement current drugs to treat this disease. RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System) is one of the factors maintaining blood pressure. In the present investigation, we explored the potential of methanolic extract of fenugreek seeds in inhibiting Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE), a key enzyme in the RAAS system, thereby reducing hypertension. In addition to in vivo studies conducted on zebrafish, in vitro and in silico studies were also performed to assess the inhibitory effect of the fenugreek extract on ACE. The bioactive components in Trigonella foenum-graecum revealed by GC-MS were further subjected to docking and binding studies with the receptor protein ACE. Of the various phytochemicals studied, arachidonic acid exhibited the maximum inhibitory effect on ACE. Thus, the present investigation was able to favorably screen a potent ACE inhibitor in Trigonella foenum-graecum extract which shows a potential to be used alone or supplemented with synthetic ACE inhibitors to treat high blood pressure. Further investigations are required to quantify the phytochemical for its inhibitory activity and also to understand the mechanism of inhibition of the enzyme. 2020 World Research Association. All rights reserved. -
Predicting and improvising the performance of rocket nozzle throat using machine learning algorithms
This paper is a study of one dimensional heat conduction with thermo physical properties like K, row, Cp of a material varying with temperature. The physical problem is characterized by a cylinder of infinite length and thickness L, imposed with a net heat flux at x= 0, with the other end being insulated. The temperatures at the insulate end are measured by placing thermocouples. As the temperatures at the other end are very high, it is not possible to measure temperatures by keeping thermocouples which will burn away. So the problem is initialized with known sensor values near insulated end. By proper predicting values by ARIMA Model, the temperature distribution in Rocket Nozzle throat system (RNT) is calculated. The outcome of the work is processed with Machine Learning algorithm like Genetic algorithm in identifying the optimal location of sensor position which helps in improvising the performance of RNT. 2020, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc. All rights reserved.