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Federated Learning and Blockchain: A Cross-Domain Convergence
Gaining significant attention within decentralized contexts, Federated Learning (FL) has been positioned as a highly desirable method for machine learning. By enabling multiple entities to train a shared model cooperatively, data privacy and security are preserved by Federated Learning. Harnessing inherent transparency and accountability of blockchain technology to trace and authenticate updates effectively in federated learning has transpired as an up-and-coming avenue to tackle data challenges related to confidentiality, protection, and reliability. This study examines the viability of federated learning and blockchain integration across multiple dimensions. The technological components of this integration., including incentive systems, consensus mechanisms, data validation, and smart contracts, are delved into. In the study, a novel proposed model for federated learning integrated with blockchain is designed and implemented. It is observed that the mean cypher size is 100 bytes for varying values of gradients. The average throughput recorded is 1.7 bytes per second, while the mean accuracy is 87.1% for 50 epochs. 2023 IEEE. -
Female Director and Agency Cost: Does board gender diversity at Indian corporate board reduce agency conflict?
We examined the presence of women directors in top-level management and their effect on principal-principal conflict (PP) and principal-agent conflict (PA) on the firms listed on Indian stock exchange using a panel model approach. For analysis purpose, this study covers the sample of 75 companies belonging to various industries and listed in Bombay Stock Exchange Index, has been studied over thirteen financial years, i.e. from year 2006 to year 2019. This study uses panel data analysis, i.e. fixed effect model and random effect model. The proportion and presence (dichotomous) of women directors on top level management board is taken as the independent variable. Principalprincipal conflict measured by assets utilization ratio (AUR), and principal-agent conflict is been measured by dividend payout ratio (DPR), are taken as dependent variable in this study. The prime results of this study using panel data analysis, i.e. fixed effect (FE) and random effects (RE) estimation models point towards no significant impact of the female director (proportion and presence) on the firm's agency cost (PP and PA). 2021. Transnational Press London. All Rights Reserved. -
Female entrepreneurship: Challenges faced in a global perspective
Women being employees is a very appreciative aspect. But women being employers is a bold and massive decision that they make, considering their busy life schedule, which traditionally includes looking after their families and themselves. This book chapter aims to identify the diverse challenges female entrepreneurs face, which could be in the context of society, structure, or finance. Identifying and vocalizing these challenges faced by these emerging entrepreneurs is inadequate, but tackling them is equally called for. This study provides a framework and scope for further research to look into more opportunities and measures to tackle these roadblocks. Last but not least, this book chapter anticipates inspiring all women and driving them to explore the essence of entrepreneurship. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Female masculinities and women of third nature: Analyzing the gender and sexual politics of identity and visibility of alternative masculinities through indian mythologies and literary narratives
Alternative sexualities have been a part of the Indian past since time immemorial, and mention of them is often visible in Sanskrit mythological texts. As much as the presence of hijras and other gendered cultural identities is in Indian and Western public discourses, there is a narrow space occupied by women of the third kind with female masculinities, with scant attention leading to the higher invisibility of women of the third kind. Female masculinity is often considered a "rejected shred, " while male masculinity is seen as real and heroic. This chapter focuses on "masculinity without men" to explore alternative masculinities-the concept popularized by Judith Halberstam (Judith Halberstam, Female Masculinity. Zubaan Books, New Delhi, 1998). We delve into the politics of alternative modes of enactment and production where male masculinity is embedded. This chapter centers on female masculinity and alternative forms of masculinities performed, enacted, and embodied by female individuals as reflected in the Indian past and mythology. This chapter further delves into identifying histories and representations of female masculinities in Indian literature to bring female masculinities and women of the third kind into academic discourse. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022. All rights reserved. -
Feminism in belly dance and its portrayal in the media /
Bellydance is an art form that has gained tremendous popularity in the world today. There are different kinds of bellydance such as folk, tribal fusion, cabaret etc. In a world and time where women‟s rights and respect has been the foremost of most people‟s concerns, bellydance with its barrier breaking techniques and methods have created controversies yet have also resulted in a form of dance that is beautiful and helps a woman celebrate herself. -
Feminism in popular culture: A case study on justice league /
With popular culture stemming largely from the superhero comics it is difficult to ignore them nowadays. Marvel and DC have also been going at great lengths to ensure that for the next ten years, there exists a whole stock of such movies, comics and merchandise. This in turn means that there is a growing need to document and study the patterns of this growing culture. Within this, the evolution of female characters and feminist ideologies must be mapped. -
Feminism in Practice: Learning from the Barefoot Solar Mamas
The Barefoot College (India) is an NGO working in the fields of education, skills development, health, drinking water, and solar power mainly to train older, rural women who are determined to challenge restrictive gender roles in their respective communities. Since its inception, the NGO has trained over 2,000 rural women as solar engineers across 93 countries worldwide and has brought electricity to over 18,000 homes. Barefoot trainers employ non-normative methods of sharing knowledge such as color coding, sign language, and practical experience. This paper conducts a critical assessment of the Barefoot College Solar Electrification Programme to explore how it empowers illiterate and semi-literate women from remote rural areas around the world to become solar engineers (or Solar Mamas). It utilizes qualitative research methods to analyze this women's empowerment project as a landmark practical application of decolonial feminist theory. The paper contends that the Barefoot approach both challenges and conforms to the Women in Development and Gender and Development approaches of the past. The research is grounded methodologically in feminist praxis and also borrows from the conceptual frameworks of Feminist Political Ecology and Women and the Politics of Place. Stories and personal experiences from Solar Mamas have been highlighted to understand the real world impact of the program. The main findings indicate that the Barefoot College's innovative approach to empower marginalized communities and educate older women is achieved through decentralizing control and demystifying technology. (2024), (Bridgewater State College). All Rights Reserved. -
Feminization of hunger in climate change: linking rural womens health and wellbeing in India
The links between climate change, food security and womens wellbeing remain an under-investigated area. This paper contributes to this area through a thorough examination of how women experience food insecurity in farming households in rural India. The households are located in four agro-climatic regions in India. These regions experience varied climatic pressures, and this diversity allows us to explore a wider variety of womens experiences in their attempts to maintain household food security as the climate changes. The study finds that women, even in comparatively more food-secure households, suffer from food insecurity. One of the reasons for this is that womens food habits and mealtimes have altered in recent years due to the increase in their work pressures. The worst effects are to be found in drought-prone areas, and there are greater vulnerabilities among women-headed households, indicating that the impacts of climate change are exacerbated by cultural norms that further hinder the role of women in farm activities. 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Fermented aquatic weed meal (FAWM) as a protein source in Asian Catfish Clarias batrachus diets: Impacts on growth, blood chemistry profile, liver and gut morphology and economic efficiency
The global aquaculture industry is increasingly seeking sustainable alternatives to fishmeal (FM) due to its high price and shortfall in supply. In this context, fermented aquatic weed meal (FAWM) could emerge as a viable plant protein source for aquafeed. Four isoproteic diets [30 % crude protein (CP)] were formulated, incorporating 50 % total protein from FAWM comprising fermented Azolla diet (D1), Pistia diet (D2), and Eichhornia diet (D3). The control diet (D0) did not contain FAWM. At the end of the 90 days feeding trial, their growth performance, whole-body proximate composition, gut microbial load, haemato-biochemical indices, liver and gut health, and economic efficiency were determined. Fish fed with D0 had significantly (p < 0.05) improved growth performance and feed utilization compared to other treatment groups. Meanwhile, the fish supplemented with D1 diet exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher final weight (g), specific growth rate (%/day), weight gain (%), total biomass (g), and protein efficiency ratio among the FAWM dietary groups. The D1 group also demonstrated the significantly (p < 0.05) highest whole-body CP (64.27 0.40 %) and lower crude lipid (8.24 0.28 %) compared to other test diets. The total bacteria (TB) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the fish gut were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher in D1 group. Furthermore, most of the hemato-biochemical indices of fish were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by FAWM inclusions, with few exceptions. The histological findings indicated that amongst the FAWM groups, D1 fish exhibited improved intestinal health. Nonetheless, the gut of the control fish demonstrated substantially (p < 0.05) lower villi width and crypt depth than other treatments. The D1 and D2 diet groups had significantly improved liver health. Moreover, FAWM inclusion enhanced economic efficiency by considerably reducing farm feed cost (US$/kg) and increasing return on investment (%). In summary, dietary inclusion of fermented Azolla pinnata (D1) protein at 50 % in aquafeed promoted feed utilization, growth, health, and farm economics of Asian catfish fingerlings compared to other FAWM diets. 2024 The Authors -
Ferrocenyl aniline modified electrode for the electrochemical synthesis of 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
Ferrocenyl aniline is an excellent catalyst used conventionally for heterocyclic syntheses. The use of ferrocenyl aniline, in the presence of electropolymerized thiophene-3-acetic acid (TAA) on carbon fibre paper is novel and found to be an exceptional electrocatalyst, for the synthesis of a proven anti-fungal, anti-proliferative and anti-bacterial, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. The electrode performance was examined with activity studies and EIS, along with surface characterizations including optical profilometry, FE-SEM, FT-IR and XPS. The synthesis was performed in a single-cell three electrode system, using platinum as counter and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the reference, with ethanol as the electrolyte and lithium perchlorate supporting electrolyte. The reaction was performed with o-phenylenediamine and anisaldehyde as starting materials at ambient temperature and pressure, at 1.35 V constant potential for 3 h, and product was isolated and purified using column chromatography to obtain 91% yield and characterized with GCMS and NMR. This synthesis method is noteworthy, due to its environmentally friendly performance, and high yield for a benzimidazole derivative that is pharmacologically vital. 2024 -
Fetch ease: The compact takeaway food box /
Patent Number: 202241004409, Applicant: Iyswarta A J.
Humans are on a big hustle in this present world, and they used to miss their meals due to such a hurry life. This habit of lifestyle also develops health issues. The study identified that while they are busy at work, they avoid food even if it is available from nearby canteens/snack centers. This is due to the struggle in handling the packed food while carrying back to their workspace. The demand for a user-friendly meal pack to grab while traveling towards working place or while pleasure trips would help such people. -
FII and its impact on exchange rate in India
Asian Journal of Research in Banking and Finance, Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 1-27, ISSN No. 2249-7323 -
Filamentous fungi for pharmaceutical compounds degradation in the environment: A sustainable approach
Pharmaceutical compounds play an important role in enhancing the quality of human life. They substantially increase the life expectancy of humans and the well-being of livestock. The expansion in the global human population has increased the usage of pharmaceuticals in an enormous way. This has led to the emergence of pharmaceutical compounds as environmental pollutants because these components are continuously released to various water sources and terrestrial ecosystems. The pharmaceutical components are released during their synthesis, as waste from human and veterinary healthcare sectors, and dumping of drugs that are not used. Pharmaceutical components are known to persist in their potential even at lower concentrations and can create serious issues for ecosystems, especially aquatic systems. Various efforts are being made to remove or reduce the toxicity of pharmaceutical components in aquatic systems. Bioremediation using fungi is one of the most secure and sustainable ways of decontaminating polluted environments. With their strong morphology and diverse metabolic abilities, Fungi employ different methods including fungal enzymes to clear pollutants. Studies have proven that fungi and fungal enzymes can transform these pharmaceutical compounds into less toxic components. This review highlights the role of fungi in the bioremediation of pharmaceutical compounds. 2023 The Author(s) -
File Validation intheData Ingestion Process Using Apache NiFi
In the industries of today, development and maintenance of data pipelines is of paramount importance. With large volumes of data being generated across industries on a continuous basis, there is a growing need to process and store this ingested data in a fast, and efficient manner. Apache NiFi is one such tool which possesses crucial capabilities that can be used to enhance, modify, and automate data pipelines. However, automation of the ingestion process creates certain inherent issues which, without being resolved, tend to be detrimental to the entire ingestion process. These issues vary in nature, ranging from corrupted data to changes in the file schema, to name a few. In this paper, a solution to this problem is proposed. By exploiting Apache NiFis custom processor development capabilities, problem-specific processors can be designed and deployed which can ensure accurate validation of the ingestion process on a real-time basis. To demonstrate this, two processors were developed as a proof-of-concept, which tackle specific file-related validation issues in the ingestion processthat of the file size, and, the ingestion frequency. These custom-built processors are designed to be inserted into the pipeline at key points to ensure that the ingested data is validated against certain standards and requirements. Having successfully demonstrated its capabilities, the paper presents the exploitation of Apache NiFis custom processor capabilities as a potential way forward to resolve the plethora of ingestion issues in industry, today. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Filmic afterlives: Considerations on the uncanny
[No abstract available] -
Filmography of social issues in Punjabi cinema /
Through this dissertation, the researcher aims to find out the various social issues reflected in the cinema of the Punjab. The main focus of the research is on three films. The first film is Maarhi Da Deeva which is based on a book by Punjabi writer Gurdial Singh and it talks about the trials and tribulations faced by the lower classes at the hands of the upper classes in a rural setup in the Punjab of 1980s. -
FIN2SUM: Advancing AI-Driven Financial Text Summarization with LLMs
In the modern financial sector, the rapid digitalization of financial reports necessitates efficient and reliable text summarization tools. This research introduces FIN2SUM, a novel framework designed for summarizing the managerial analysis and discussion sections of 10-K reports from top NASDAQ-listed companies. The study aims to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) in financial text summarization, highlighting LLAMA-2's adeptness in processing complex financial information, thus making FIN2SUM a vital tool for analysts and decision-makers. The methodology includes a thorough evaluation of three state-of-the-art LLMs - LLAMA-2, FLAN, and Claude 2 - using BERT and ROUGE scores. The research concludes that FIN2SUM, enhanced by LLAMA-2, significantly advances AI-driven financial text summarization. 2024 IEEE. -
Finance future patterns in the market using artificial intelligence /
Patent Number: 202221052876, Applicant: Dr.Shiva Johri.
A methodology that makes use of natural language processing (N.L.P.) methods to extract information from online news feeds and then makes use of the information that was thus extracted to anticipate changes in stock prices or volatilities. This approach is known as news feed mining. These forecasts may be used to develop trading strategies that result in a profit. Parsing or pattern matching may be done on terms in or close to the phrase that contains the business name in order to identify the company name and automatically fill up basic templates that describe the acts that the organization does. -
Financial access indicators of financial inclusion: A comparative analysis of SAARC countries
Financial inclusion provides access to formal financial services at reasonable cost to the financially excluded people. Financial inclusion has been one of the most sought after topics in recent times for policy makers, researchers and academicians. Definition of financial inclusion varies from region to region. Financial inclusion is measured using different indicator. The important indicators of financial inclusion measurement include access indicators, usage indicators, quality indicators and financial education indicators. Most of the researchers use access indicators and usage indicators to measure financial inclusion. Access indicators comprise of demographic and geographic branch penetration, demographic and geographic ATM penetration and population per branch. This study focuses on comparative analysis of access indicators of financial inclusion in SAARC countries. The study is based on secondary data available in the central banks of SAARC nations, International Monetary Fund, World Bank and Asian Development Bank. The study has found and analysed about the countries which has performed well in each indicator of financial access. Copyright 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Financial access indicators of financial inclusion: A comparative analysis of SAARC countries /
International Journal Intelligent Enterprise, Vol.7, Issue 1/2/3, pp.28-36