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Emergency response to natural disaster victim identification: Blockchain to the rescue
Rapid, coordinated action by various stakeholders is required to respond effectively to a natural disaster. Suffice it; such efficiency has been missing in many previous rescue attempts. Is blockchain capable of making this happen? The Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) process is a sophisticated operation in which post-mortem (PM) identifying data, including fingerprints, DNA, and dental records, are acquired and matched with antemortem (AM) data from the missing people list. Although there are solutions to human identification, they must provide the tools required to achieve human identification promptly. Blockchain technology is one of the technologies that has gained much attention recently and is undergoing heavy media operations. It creates trustworthy, secure, and comprehensive ecosystems by disseminating siloed AM and PM data across systems, preventing breaches, redundancies, inconsistencies, and errors. Using real-world scenarios, the authors present several good use cases in this chapter to gain a holistic understanding of the challenges and how blockchain technology addresses such challenges and facilitates multi-jurisdictional data information sharing in conjunction with the upcoming distribution of patients electronic medical and dental records. 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Emerging applications of sustainable modified CdO/Ag-CdO NPs for electrochemical sensitive and selective detection of mercury (Hg+) heavy metal
The sensitivity of developed electrode has gained significant attention for potential energy storage and electrochemical sensor activities. The modified nano-CdO/Ag-CdO-carbon paste electrodes were developed for electrochemical detection of mercury (Hg+) heavy metal. The synthesized samples were well characterized through PXRD (Powder X-ray diffraction), SEM-EDAX (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis), XPS (X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy), FT-IR (Fourier transform Infra-Red), and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The Ag-CdO modified electrode endowed with higher sensing current and Csp (188F/g) than pure CdO NPs (94.6F/g) measured by Linear Sweep (LS), Cyclic Voltammetric (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectral (EIS) techniques. The excellent electrochemical sensing action of developed Ag-CdO electrode was examined on heavy metal Hg+ ions at 15 mM scan rate in 0.1M KCl. The linear relationship of sensing measurements with smaller concentration (15 mM) was observed with its increased current (+ 1.64 104 A/cm2 at 1 mM) at 30 mV/s. LOD of CdO and Ag-CdO electrodes (Hg+Oxid) were found at 1.91 mM & 2.41 mM (Hg+Red) respectively with maximum sensitivity at -0.006V. LOQ of CdO and Ag-CdO electrodes (Hg+Oxid) were 5.78 mM & 6.98 mM respectively with maximum sensitivity at -0.006V. The antibacterial measurements of prepared samples were examined for their susceptibility to inhibit the growth of gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Thus, the synthesized Ag-CdO electrode provides a new insight for determining the concentrations of critical pollutants and processing the various nanoparticles for sensing of cyanogenic heavy metals. The Author(s) 2025. -
Emerging Approaches in Digital Content Security: A Review of Blockchain Technology, Image Authentication, and Identity Management Systems
The rapid growth of digital media exchange and communication technologies has intensified the need for robust methods to ensure data integrity and protect intellectual property. This review paper explores various methodologies for safeguarding digital content, with a particular focus on distributed ledger technologies (DLT) and advanced image processing techniques. DLT, employed in blockchain systems, is highlighted for its ability to secure transactions and data in decentralized networks, mitigating the risks associated with centralized systems. In the realm of multimedia forensics, keypoint-based copy-move forgery detection methods, enhanced with density-based clustering and outlier removal algorithms, have shown superior performance in challenging conditions, effectively identifying forgeries even under geometric distortions and postprocessing. Additionally, the integration of speeded-up robust features (SURF) and polar complex exponential transform (PCET) in forgery detection offers resilience against various distortions, ensuring the authenticity of high-brightness regions in images. The paper also examines the evolution of digital identity management, where blockchain-based systems like BZDIMS employ zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) algorithms to enhance privacy and security. Through a comprehensive comparison of existing models, this paper demonstrates the advantages of these advanced technologies in enhancing data integrity, privacy, and the overall reliability of digital content verification systems. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Emerging challenges for the agro-industrial food waste utilization: A review on food waste biorefinery
Modernization and industrialization has undoubtedly revolutionized the food and agro-industrial sector leading to the drastic increase in their productivity and marketing thereby accelerating the amount of agro-industrial food waste generated. In the past few decades the potential of these agro-industrial food waste to serve as bio refineries for the extraction of commercially viable products like organic acids, biochemical and biofuels was largely discussed and explored over the conventional method of disposing in landfills. The sustainable development of such strategies largely depends on understanding the techno economic challenges and planning for future strategies to overcome these hurdles. This review work presents a comprehensive outlook on the complex nature of agro-industrial food waste and pretreatment methods for their valorization into commercially viable products along with the challenges in the commercialization of food waste bio refineries that need critical attention to popularize the concept of circular bio economy. 2022 -
Emerging Cyber Threats in 5G and Beyond: A Wireless Communication Perspective
There are digital age threats to cybersecurity that cost organizations and businesses their infrastructure, operations, and even sensitive data. Cybersecurity risk management is important to ensure that organizational assets are not subjected to cyberattacks, data breaches, and any other vulnerability. This paper also looks at other significant risk-reduction strategies, including threat intelligence, models of risk assessment, encryption, access control systems. It also talks about how machine learning and artificial intelligence can help improve the way threats are detected and handled. Organizations should take a proactive and layered approach to security that integrates leading-edge security methods, with regulatory compliance processes and employee awareness programs. Also, regular security checking, incident response plans and consistent monitoring help in reducing risks and business continuity. Organisations must continue to adjust as cyber threats change, utilizing cutting-edge cybersecurity solutions to fortify their defenses. Organisations may create robust security structures in a continuously linked and threatprone digital environment by using the perspectives this research offers on efficient risk management techniques. 2025 IEEE. -
Emerging Era of Artificial Intelligence Based Chatbots: Is It Really Required to Today Generation?
The advent of AI-powered chatbots has brought about a significant wave of technological advancement, influencing different aspects of our everyday existence. This study rigorously investigates the necessity of AI-powered chatbots in the present-day generation. Although chatbots provide the possibility for increased convenience, efficiency, and accessibility, their extensive use prompts inquiries on their necessity, ethical issues, and the possible impact on human interaction and creativity. This study attempts to provide a thorough analysis of the benefits and limitations of AI chatbots, highlighting their importance and relevance in the present period. It emphasizes the necessity of a balanced approach towards integrating these digital companions. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Emerging Issues and Trends in Indian Business and Management: Volume 2: Business and Society: Issues and Cases in the Indian Context
There are many theories on why managers do not (as a behavior) or should not (as a value) supplement profit orientation with people-centrism and planet sensitivity. In practice, managers do not supplement profit orientation with considerations for people and the planet unless they have the tools and know how to make that possible. This book seeks to address that by focusing on the normative dimension of organizational development. There are two competing norms for developing an organization: first, as a profit-oriented business enterprise; and second, as a people-centric, planet-sensitive, profit-oriented business or social enterprise. The performance of a business is a concern for all stakeholders. With the growing realization of the importance of indirect stakeholders like the society and the planet, it is increasingly important to raise awareness about the social and environmental responsibilities of businesses and organizations. This book is a must-read for academics, researchers, practitioners and policymakers who are concerned about the triple bottom-line (Planet-People-Profit) performance of businesses, which is critical for their long-term sustainability. It covers topics pertaining to the relationship between business and society, including social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility, among others, and draws from real-life case studies on social initiatives. 2024 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. -
Emerging Nanomaterials as Versatile Nanozymes: A New Dimension in Biomedical Research
The enzyme-mimicking nature of versatile nanomaterials proposes a new class of materials categorized as nano-enzymes, ornanozymes. They are artificial enzymes fabricated by functionalizing nanomaterials to generate active sites that can mimic enzyme-like functions. Materials extend from metals and oxides to inorganic nanoparticles possessing intrinsic enzyme-like properties. High cost, low stability, difficulty in separation, reusability, and storage issues of natural enzymes can be well addressed by nanozymes. Since 2007, more than 100 nanozymes have been reported that mimic enzymes like peroxidase, oxidase, catalase, protease, nuclease, hydrolase, superoxide dismutase, etc. In addition, several nanozymes can also exhibit multi-enzyme properties. Vast applications have been reported by exploiting the chemical, optical, and physiochemical properties offered by nanozymes. This review focuses on the reported nanozymes fabricated from a variety of materials along with their enzyme-mimicking activity involving tuning of materials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal-oxide NPs, metalorganic framework (MOF), covalent organic framework (COF), and carbon-based NPs. Furthermore, diverse applications of nanozymes in biomedical research are discussed in detail. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Emerging Nanomaterials for Catalysis and Sensor Applications
This book reviews emerging nanomaterials in catalysis and sensors. The catalysis section covers the role of nano-photocatalysts in organic synthesis and health care application, oxidation and sulphoxidation reactions, liquid phase oxidation, hydrogen evolution and environmental remediation. It highlights the correlation of surface properties and catalytic activity of the mesoporous materials. The sensor section discusses the fabrication and development of various electrochemical, chemical, and biosensors. Features: Combines catalysis and sensor applications of nanomaterials, including detailed synthesis techniques of these materials. Explores methods of designing, engineering, and fabricating nanomaterials. Covers material efficiency, their detection limit for sensing different analytes and other properties of the materials. Discusses sustainability of nano materials in the industrial sector. Includes case studies to address the challenges faced by research and development sectors. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in Chemical Engineering, Nanochemistry, Water Treatment Engineering and Labs, Industries, Research Labs in Catalysis and Sensors, Environmental Engineering, and Process Engineering. 2023 selection and editorial matter, Anitha Varghese and Gurumurthy Hegde; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Emerging Nanoparticle-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics for Cancer: Innovations and Challenges
Malignant growth is expected to surpass other significant causes of death as one of the top reasons for dismalness and mortality worldwide. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) study, this illness causes approximately between 9 and 10 million instances of deaths annually. Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery are the three main methods of treating cancer. These methods seek to completely eradicate all cancer cells while having the fewest possible unintended impacts on healthy cell types. Owing to the lack of target selectivity, the majority of medications have substantial side effects. On the other hand, nanomaterials have transformed the identification, diagnosis, and management of cancer. Nanostructures with biomimetic properties have been grown as of late, fully intent on observing and treating the sickness. These nanostructures are expected to be consumed by growth in areas with profound disease. Furthermore, because of their extraordinary physicochemical properties, which incorporate nanoscale aspects, a more prominent surface region, explicit geometrical features, and the ability to embody different substances within or on their outside surfaces, nanostructures are remarkable nano-vehicles for conveying restorative specialists to their designated regions. This review discusses recent developments in nanostructured materials such as graphene, dendrimers, cell-penetrating peptide nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, lipid nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, and nano-omics in the diagnosis and management of cancer. 2025 by the authors. -
Emerging Novel Functional Materials from Biomass for Environmental Remediation
The Earth faces complex environmental challenges caused by both human activities and natural processes, affecting all life forms and ecosystems. Biomass-derived materials, sourced from renewable resources, serve as effective adsorbents, catalysts, and ion exchangers, providing sustainable solutions to environmental issues like water and air pollution, soil contamination, and waste management. Their significance lies not only in their biodegradability and sustainability but also in standardized testing and scalability considerations. The field of functional materials from biomass has the potential to transform environmental remediation, leading to a cleaner and more sustainable world. Here, we aimed to portrait the key approaches and recent developments in emerging functional materials from biomass tailored for environmental remediation, delving into their fundamental theories and concepts, various applications, and potential to reshape the remediation landscape. It evaluates the sustainability and biodegradability aspects of these materials, addresses challenges, and peers into the dynamic and rapidly evolving future of this field. Collaborative efforts between researchers, industry, and policymakers are pivotal to establishing guidelines and regulations ensuring the safe and responsible use of these materials. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Emerging Technologies Driving Sustainability in Automotive Supply Networks and Smart Mobility
With environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards at the center of the international business strategies, there is an ever- growing pressure on the automotive industry to be able to guarantee ethical procurement sound carbon footprints and supply chain transparency. This paper examines the lucrative way in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain are soon to transform the sphere of ESG compliance and become the source of end- to- end supply chain visibility. It explores existing issues, namely, fragmentation of data, the lack of its traceability, and the inappropriateness of regulations. The study states the importance of AI to forecast sustainability threats, and the ability of the Blockchain to deliver immutable records of sourcing, logistics, and emissions. It also assesses regulatory bodies, the scale- related problems, and proposes a road map towards incorporation of such technologies, and finally, gives a model of how digital change can be implemented in the creation of responsible, sustainable, and smart networks of automobiles. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Emerging technology adoption and applications for modern society towards providing smart banking solutions
The rapid advancement of emerging technologies has brought significant transformations to various sectors, including banking and finance. This chapter explores the adoption and application of emerging technologies in modern society, particularly focusing on their role in providing smart banking solutions. Technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, internet of things (IoT), and biometrics are revolutionizing traditional banking practices, enabling enhanced security, efficiency, and personalized services for customers. Through a comprehensive analysis of current trends and case studies, this chapter highlights the impact of these technologies on improving customer experiences, streamlining operations, mitigating fraud risks, and fostering financial inclusion. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of these technologies into banking systems, including regulatory concerns, data privacy issues, and the need for skill development among banking professionals. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Emerging ternary nanocomposite of rGO draped palladium oxide/polypyrrole for high performance supercapacitors
In this work, novel electrodeposited palladium oxide-polypyrrole (PdP) and its ternary composite with reduced graphene oxide (PdPGO) draped over the surface of PdP were synthesised to achieve the excellent electrochemical properties and high stability. An exhaustive study has been carried out to correlate the crystalline structure, chemical bonding, morphological behaviour, redox reactions at the electroactive species, and its promising influences on the electrochemical performance. The electrodeposited PdPGO composite on stainless steel bestows superior electrochemical properties and a specific capacitance of 595 F g?1 at 1 A g?1 in 1 M H2SO4. The incorporation of rGO with the PdP matrix prevents the aggregation of rGO layers and is responsible for the enhanced electrostatic interactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface in PdPGO. Outstanding supercapacitance retention of 88% even after 5000 cycles at 5 A g?1 was accomplished for the ternary composite of Pd. These profound electrochemical characteristics are due to the synergistic effect of the individual components involved, manifest a great potential for Pd based composites toward novel electrode materials for supercapacitors of high efficiency. This method facilitates blueprints for synthesizing a series of advanced electrode materials for enhancing high storage capability. The high electrochemical performance of the PdPGO reveals how synergy plays a very important role to work on the blueprint to create active electrode materials for energy storage solutions. 2020 Elsevier B.V. -
Emerging Trends and Innovations in Cybersecurity Insurance Policy Customization Using Generative AI Fraud Detection
Generative AI is transforming policy customization and fraud detection. Cybersecurity insurance can be both a boon and a bane as the existing models for underwriting and assessment are relatively static in a world which is witnessing a constant escalation between attack and defense mechanisms. By assessing huge datasets, spotting emerging pattern and predicting potential vulnerabilities in real time, generative AI introduces dynamic risk modeling. Help insurers design hyperpersonalized cyber insurance products that are tailored to specific business profiles, operational risks and exposure levels to enhance coverage and premium accuracy. Generative AI helps in anomaly detection and identifying suspicious behaviour in insurance claims in fraud detection domain. Using legitimate claims scenarios to train AI model, fraud detection models can detect anomalies and fraud as never before. The intersection of expertise in cybersecurity, AI development and insurance will be key to creating strong,flexible and transparent insurance structures that can respond to the intricacies of today's cyber threats. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Emerging trends and security in IoT devices
The Internet of Things has rapidly evolved, connecting billions of devices and transforming various industries. This chapter explores the latest emerging trends in IoT devices, focusing on advancements in connectivity, edge computing, and artificial intelligence (AI) integration. As IoT adoption grows, so does the importance of security, given the increasing vulnerabilities and potential threats. This chapter delves into key security challenges, including data privacy, secure communication protocols, and device authentication. It also discusses cutting-edge security solutions, such as blockchain technology and AI-driven anomaly detection, to safeguard IoT ecosystems. By examining both technological advancements and security considerations, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future directions for IoT devices. 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.. -
Emerging Trends and the Future of Business Analytics
[No abstract available] -
Emerging Trends in Blue Economy: A Roadmap Through the Lens of Sustainable Development
On Earth, the oceans make up 71% of the land area. Approximately 40% of the worlds population lives in coastal regions with 3 billion people depending on it for livelihood. 80% of the global trade is (en)routed via oceans. A long-term unbalanced usage of marine routes leads to unsettling issues such as ocean-acidification, marine pollution and habitat destruction. This causes disruption towards the attainment of sustainability. To safeguard the oceans and marine life, Blue Economy (BE)" was introduced by the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in 2012. The SDG-14 (life below water) contributes to focusing attention on BE. Till date there is no universally accepted policy towards implementation of BE. However several regions like Africa, Brazil, China, EU and India formulated guidelines towards the implementation of BE. With this perspective, the chapter analyzes the emerging trends of BE as a way forward towards sustainable development. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Emerging Trends in Blue Economy: A Roadmap Through the Lens of Sustainable Development
On Earth, the oceans make up 71% of the land area. Approximately 40% of the worlds population lives in coastal regions with 3 billion people depending on it for livelihood. 80% of the global trade is (en)routed via oceans. A long-term unbalanced usage of marine routes leads to unsettling issues such as ocean-acidification, marine pollution and habitat destruction. This causes disruption towards the attainment of sustainability. To safeguard the oceans and marine life, Blue Economy (BE)" was introduced by the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in 2012. The SDG-14 (life below water) contributes to focusing attention on BE. Till date there is no universally accepted policy towards implementation of BE. However several regions like Africa, Brazil, China, EU and India formulated guidelines towards the implementation of BE. With this perspective, the chapter analyzes the emerging trends of BE as a way forward towards sustainable development. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Emerging Trends in the Future of FinTech: The Transformative Role of AI and Blockchain
As the financial technology (FinTech) landscape evolves, two transformative forces are emerging: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain. These technologies are reshaping how businesses operate, enhancing transparency, and optimizing customer experiences. AI algorithms analyze vast data sets to predict market trends, streamline operations, and personalize services, enabling firms to make data-driven decisions swiftly. On the other hand, Blockchain technology offers a decentralized and secure method for conducting transactions. By eliminating intermediaries, Blockchain not only increases the speed and security of transactions but also provides an immutable ledger that enhances accountability. Together, these technologies are fostering financial inclusivity, allowing underserved communities access to banking services through decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms. Looking ahead, the integration of AI and Blockchain will enable the creation of a more efficient, secure, and userfriendly financial ecosystem. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.