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Sustainable Finance and Investor Dynamics in Emerging Markets
This chapter examines the role of sustainable finance in emerging markets, focusing on the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles to promote economic growth and social impact. It discusses how ESG investments address challenges like poverty, financial inclusion, and climate change, while exploring factors influencing investor behavior and barriers such as data transparency and greenwashing. The chapter compares ESG adoption in developed and developing economies, highlights sector-specific trends, and emphasizes the importance of public-private partnerships and multilateral collaborations. It also explores sustainable finance's potential for social innovation, supporting gender equality, inclusive development, and green technologies, and advocates for improved transparency and impact measurement to build investor confidence. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Rise of Defi: Functional Applications and Its Comparison With Conventional Finance
Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is rapidly transforming the traditional financial system by introducing a permissionless, transparent, and trustless financial ecosystem powered by blockchain technology. It eliminates intermediaries by utilizing smart contracts on public blockchains like Ethereum, thereby promoting financial inclusion and operational efficiency. This paper explores the fundamental concepts of DeFi, the underlying technology including Ethereum, smart contracts, and Layer 2 solutions, and the wide array of its applications such as (DEXs), lending/borrowing platforms, yield farming, and stablecoins. In addition to examining the functional advantages of DeFi like reduced transaction costs and increased accessibility, the paper also critically analyzes the potential risks including smart contract vulnerabilities, regulatory concerns, and systemic dependencies. A special focus is given to the Indian regulatory framework and how it compares with global jurisdictions. The paper concludes with a discussion on the future prospects of DeFi. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Impact of Technological Advancements in Financial Markets
The technological advancements have transformed the financial markets by increasing the efficiency, transparency and accessibility. Emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain technology, Machine learning and Big data analytics have reshaped the investment strategies and enhance risk management techniques. However, concerns cybersecurity and regulatory challenges still persist. This chapter mainly discuss about how the technological advancements is changing financial markets, while taking into account both the advantages and disadvantages of these advancements. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Role of Big Data and Predictive Analytics in Financial Decision-Making
Big data refers to enormous amounts of structured and unstructured data that arise daily. All the finance sector records transactions, market data, social media sentiments, customer behavior, and macroeconomic indicators. The big three dimensions of big data that are commonly called the "3 Vs" include Volume, Velocity, and Variety. It means the data came from sources such as social media, IoT devices, transactions, and sensors. This process involves large amounts of data hence requiring scalable storages, complex processing tools, and resources for effective data management and analytics. Velocity means the rate or speed at which data is originated and processed. Lastly, Variety denotes the different kinds of data, which include the structured ones such as databases and the unstructured kinds, such as images, video, social media post, and audio. Collectively, the 3 Vs capture both the richness and the potentiality of big data, demanding the need for innovation in terms of technologies and strategies to leverage this value. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Leveraging technology for climate resilience in urban areas
Urban areas, densely populated and often located in vulnerable coastal regions, are particularly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. This chapter explores the diverse ways technology can be leveraged to enhance climate resilience in these urban environments. Focusing on mitigation and adaptation strategies, the study examines the potential of smart city technologies, including sensor networks, data analytics, and AI, to improve infrastructure management and disaster preparedness. Specific examples include real- time flood monitoring systems, predictive modelling for extreme weather events, and optimized energy grids for reduced carbon emissions. Furthermore, the chapter investigates the role of digital platforms in facilitating community engagement and fostering collaborative responses to climate- related challenges. Furthermore, the importance of equitable access to technology and the need for robust data governance frameworks to ensure that technological interventions effectively contribute to building climate- resilient and sustainable urban futures is explored. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Intellectual property and human rights of farmers: Striking a balance in the era of globalization
Globalization has fueled a knowledge- based economy, and intellectual property rights (IPR) are a key driver of innovation. Agricultural businesses have traditionally not been linked to IPRs since farming and related processes were deemed common and traditional knowledge. Globalization of agriculture presents both threats and opportunities for innovative ideas and inventions. It creates a complex tension between IPRs and human rights of farmers, particularly in developing countries. IPRs restrict farmers' access to traditional seeds, limit ability to save and exchange seeds, and force them into dependence on patented technology. This dependence led to indebtedness, loss of biodiversity, and decline in food security. Providing farmers with access to information, training, and financial resources can help them to make informed decisions about their farming practices and to negotiate with corporations on equitable terms. Keeping in view the above, this chapter provides a comprehensive roadmap to explore the intersection of globalization, intellectual property, and farmers' human rights. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Poverty, globalization, and human security: A policy perspective
Poverty has been an ongoing insecurity to humanity. But it was mostly understood in relation to basic needs, income, and wealth. Bretton Woods Institutions and the World Trade Organization propagated globalization and its interconnectedness as capable mechanisms for poverty eradication. Although globalization takes the credit for alleviating poverty, many authors argue that it was the outcome of the successful welfare policies of China and India. Globalization is criticized for prioritizing the developed world's interests and its multinational and transnational corporations and equating development only with an increase in gross domestic product. However, together with interconnectedness, human insecurities like poverty and inequality also increased. The latest World Bank (2024) and World Inequality Lab (2022) data affirm this precarious situation. This chapter thus examines the feasibility of the United Nations Development Program's human security approach for a successful (national and international) poverty eradication program through its people- centered perspective. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Globalization, security challenges, and the evolving landscape for contemporary democracies
Globalization has significantly impacted contemporary democracies, presenting both opportunities and security challenges. The rapid flow of information, capital, and people across borders has fostered economic growth and cultural exchange but has also exposed nations to cyber threats, terrorism, and foreign interference. Digital technology has amplified these risks, enabling misinformation campaigns and cyberattacks that undermine democratic institutions. The rise of authoritarian regimes leveraging globalization to exert influence further complicates the landscape. Democracies must adapt by strengthening cybersecurity measures, promoting media literacy, and fostering international cooperation. Balancing national security with democratic values, such as privacy and freedom of expression, remains a critical challenge. As the global order evolves, democracies must find innovative ways to safeguard their institutions while remaining open to the benefits of globalization. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Artificial Intelligence in Mental Wellbeing in a Unit of Healthcare Industry in India
Artificial Intelligence is of great help in healthcare sector in saving the human lives from deadly diseases like cancer, brain tumour etc. The present conceptual paper emphasise over a prominent unit of health care which is mental health care. Method: The paper envisages the role of artificial intelligence in identifying and curing mental disorders. For this the literature was collected from the database of scopus, WOS, government websites, newspaper articles and WHO. Results: Further the results revealed that with the use of AI enabled technology, (Machine learning, Deep learning, Natural Language Processing, Teletherapy, Computer vision), the medical professionals are able to diagnose and cure the mental disorders accurately and at early stage. With the government assistance for research centers, the inclusion of AI in mental healthcare can prove to be a great help for the wellbeing of mankind specifically in a developing country like India. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Through Gendered Lens: Addressing the Health Inequities of Women in Prison
The chapter delves into a nuanced examination of the epidemiological factors associated with the physical and mental health challenges faced by women in incarceration. The study represents the inaugural thorough synthesis of evidence regarding the prevalence of these conditions among the prison population, presented through an umbrella review of meta-analysis. A comprehensive overview of the overall burden of disease among prisoners is notably limited, as much of the existing literature tends to concentrate on one or two specific health issues. Data were extracted to ascertain the prevalence of serious illness among inmates, uncovering levels of illness that frequently surpassed those found in the general population, along with notable gender disparities. The researchers documented a notable prevalence of mental health disorders, including major depression and other maladies. The initiative fosters beneficial communities by controlling disease reservoirs, enhancing the management of chronic conditions, and promoting rehabilitation and reintegration into society. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Advancements in Psychotherapy and Treatment: The Use of AI Interventions for Psychopathologies
This chapter explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence in mental health, with a special focus on psychopathologies. The researchers expand on AIs role in assisting clinicians diagnosis, symptom tracking, predictive modelling, and therapy for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders like Depression, Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Substance Use Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and ADHD. Crucial interventions include wearables for anxiety, virtual reality exposure for PTSD, and robotic social companions for children with ASD. Despite these advancements, the use of AI chatbots as a replacement for therapy has been a subject of debate, largely due to issues around safety. The study highlights potential limitations, including risks in user interactions, limited therapeutic support, algorithmic biases, accessibility issues, and ethical concerns; advocating for Human in the Loop models where AI and clinicians work together, and calling for ethically designed AI systems that augment access without compromising on empathy, nuance and relational depth. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Leadership for Digital Transformation
The chapter explores the critical role of leadership in navigating the complexities of digital transformation, emphasizing the integration of technology, culture, and strategy to drive sustainable organizational change. Through comprehensive case studies, it highlights successful transformation journeys at Microsoft, Tesla, and Walmart, alongside challenges faced by organizations like General Electric. The discussion delves into frameworks such as Transformational Leadership Theory, Agile methodologies, and Digital Maturity Models, underscoring their importance in fostering adaptability, innovation, and inclusivity. Key themes include addressing resistance to change, bridging digital skills gaps, and embedding ethical practices in leadership strategies. The chapter concludes by providing actionable recommenda- tions for future leaders to harness emerging technologies, balance innovation with sustainability, and build resilient organizations in an interconnected global economy. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Empowering Local Action: Strategies for ClimateResponsive Governance
Governance explores the pivotal role of local governance in addressing the urgent challenges posed by climate change. As the effects of climate disruption become increasingly localized, cities, towns, and communities are on the front lines, facing the immediate impacts while also offering innovative solutions. This chapter examines the strategies that enable local governments to integrate climate resilience into their policies, governance structures, and day-to-day decision-making processes. It discusses the importance of building local capacity, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, and utilizing data-driven approaches for adaptive management. Through case studies and real-world examples, the chapter highlights how local leadership can empower citizens, engage in sustainable urban planning, and implement climate-mitigation practices. By enhancing the capacity for climate-responsive governance, this work underscores the need for a bottom-up approach in achieving global climate goals and creating resilient communities. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Aligning Green Finance With Climate Governance: Strategies for Mitigating Global Warming
Green finance plays a pivotal role in aligning financial systems with climate policy objectives to mitigate global warming. This chapter examines strategies that integrate green finance with regulatory frameworks, ensuring that capital flows support climate resilience and sustainability. It explores mechanisms such as green bonds, sustainability-linked loans, carbon pricing, and public-private partnerships to mobilize investments toward low-carbon technologies. Additionally, the chapter highlights the role of financial institutions in promoting climate disclosure and risk assessment while addressing challenges like greenwashing and policy misalignment. Case studies illustrate successful implementations of green finance policies in different jurisdictions, offering insights into best practices and regulatory advancements. By fostering collaboration between governments, financial markets, and international organizations, green finance can accelerate the transition toward a net-zero economy. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Geographical Approaches to Global Sustainable Development Goals in BRICS Countries
Geographical factors play a key role in the realization of SDG's across all countries of the world. Present study is an endeavor in this direction and attempts to evaluate the impact of urbanization, agriculture, and water resource availability on the achievement of sustainable development of BRICS nations. The study employs Panel data analysis using Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and Random Effects Model (REM) along with the application of Hausman Test to determine the appropriate model selection. The results reveal that urbanization significantly enhances SDG progress, agriculture shows an insignificant effect, and water resource availability negatively impacts sustainability, indicating the urgent need for strategic urban planning, agricultural reforms, and efficient water management. The study also highlights that country-specific factors play a critical part in shaping sustainability outcomes, reinforcing the necessity for BRICS policymakers to adopt geographically tailored approaches that align economic growth with environmental sustainability. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
The convergence of IoT, ML, and big data in self-service innovation
Internet of Things, Machine Learning, and Big Data analytics have been bringing a transformation to self-service technologies with automation, personalization, and operations efficiencies. IoT captures the data in real-time by linked sensors; ML will try to find the patterns, providing the output; and Big Data would analyze large datasets to deliver actionable insights. All three together bring smarter and adaptive systems in retail, health care, and rural service industries. The applications include inventory management, personalized healthcare forecasting, and community kiosks. While these innovations are achieved, interoperability, scalability, and high implementation costs in rural areas are some of the persistent challenges. This can be addressed by taking advantage of edge computing, cloud solutions, and the collaboration of stakeholders. Further innovations like 5G and federated learning will shape self-service technologies in the future to deliver efficient, inclusive, and innovative solutions. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Adaptive consumer psychology navigating trust and scepticism in automated retail experiences
The rapid deployment of automated retail technologies has brought both opportunities and challenges for consumer acceptance. Trust is an important factor for benefits determination of the automation systems. Sometimes Skepticism often acts as a barrier to adoption. This chapter enlightens into the psychology of consumer trust, perceived security, reliability, and transparency in automated systems. The research identifies key psychological triggers lead to skepticism in such a way that the data misuse or system failures and solution mitigation. The chapter highlights the role of adaptive design in consumer hesitations and positive interactions. Using empirical evidence and practical approach emphasizes technological efficiency balance with emotional reassurance and consumer comfort in automated environments. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Blockchain in industrial supply chains: Tracing the transparency
Over the past several years, blockchain technology has become more and more significant and widely accepted. Independent businesses that are actively involved in the upstream and downstream flows of goods, services, money and information from a source to a customer make a supply chain. Members of the supply chain must collaborate and exchange information in order to be managed effectively. Blockchain technology offers a platform for direct communication between supply chain participants to exchange reliable and unchangeable data, which has the potential to significantly enhance supply chain management and accomplish supply chain performance goals. Notwithstanding its potential, there are obstacles to the broad use of blockchain. Legal and regulatory issues are also very important for supply chain management in the future. Keeping in view the above, the chapter analyzes the role of blockchain in the industrial supply chain and explores the facet of transparency in supply chain management. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Driving better health outcomes for gig workers through strategic health initiatives
The gig economy offers flexibility and autonomy to workers but also presents significant challenges related to health and well-being, especially for delivery professionals who face irregular hours, physical strain, and limited access to healthcare. Immersive technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and artificial intelligence (AI), present innovative solutions to bridge these gaps. However, gig workers' adoption of these technologies remains underexplored. This paper applied the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory to analyse the adoption patterns of immersive technologies within the gig economy and identified barriers, such as digital literacy and cost, alongside facilitators, like perceived usefulness and ease of integration. The paper provides insights into how these technologies can be effectively implemented in the gig workforce. The study highlights the role of platform policies and the broader regulatory landscape in shaping technology adoption, offering valuable recommendations for policymakers and technology developers. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Gender equality: A catalyst for global sustainable future
The paradox between inborn sexual identity and socially constructed gender identity existed throughout history. Unfortunately, gender identity got predominance over sexual identity in the context of patriarchy and religious beliefs. Even when all religions affirm the equality of both sexes, they demand the subordination of women. This continues to exist even in modern society. From the 19th century onwards, there were various efforts to address gender disparity that took place under the initiatives of feminism, human rights and women's rights movements. The United Nations in the second half of the 20th century advanced many attempts for the realization of gender equality. However, the present data shows that it will still take another 131 years to achieve gender equality. In this perspective, the chapter critically examines the attempts for gender equality and proposes certain policy changes and essential requirements for its true realization in view of sustainable future. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.