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Traditional and Online Bullying Victimization Among School-going Adolescents: The Role of Sociodemographic Factors
Background: Bullying in school is a vital issue as researchers increasingly find that it can be detrimental to students well-being and academic excellence. From an ecological systems theory perspective, examining school bullying reveals that numerous psychosocial factors influence student behavior. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the role of sociodemographicsat the individual (age, gender), microsystem and mesosystem (grade level, school type), exosystem (region), macrosystem (socioeconomic status), and chronosystem (shift from traditional to virtual classroom during COVID-19) levelsin the victimization of traditional and online bullying. Methods: After obtaining ethical clearance, an online survey form was deployed to collect sociodemographic information and assess traditional and online bullying victimization among 120 school-going adolescents from the Southern regions of India. Results: A linear regression analysis showed age and region (urban and rural) predicting traditional and online victimization, respectively. Other sociodemographic factors of gender, school type, and grade level did not predict either victimization type. Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors play a significant role in the victimization experiences of students both in traditional and online. 2024 The Author(s). -
Gendered Informality: An Assessment of Operational Attributes and Entrepreneurial Performance of Female-Owned Enterprises in Jharkhand
The present study utilises the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO)s 73rd round unincorporated non-agricultural enterprise data to analyse diverse operational and economic attributes of female-owned enterprises and their influence on enterprise performance with regard to enterprises gross value added (GVA) in the state of Jharkhand. The study additionally endeavours to ascertain the correlation amidst the operational attributes and the type of enterprise owned (established or own account) in the state. From a methodological standpoint, the current inquiry incorporates exploratory and regression analysis to give a comprehensive understanding of female entrepreneurship in Jharkhand and its gender differentials. The study findings indicate that specific attributes such as enterprise registration, account maintenance, enterprise locating outside the household premises, expanding and perennial status have a positive association with the GVA of the female-owned enterprise. It further highlights that female entrepreneurs, especially from marginalised backgrounds, view entrepreneurship as a necessity rather than a choice. There exists a notable gender disparity, with majority of enterprises owned by females predominantly operating within residential premises. Moreover, female involvement in a well-established enterprise is substantially lower compared to male workers, thus indicating an inverse correlation between the nature of the enterprise and its employment framework. 2024 Institute of Rural Management, Anand, Gujarat, India. -
BYJUS Survival at Stake: A Founders Dilemma
The focus of this case is the survival challenges faced by BYJUS due to mounting losses and financial mismanagement. This case discusses the strategic mistakes committed by BYJUS, such as the acquisitions-based growth strategy and overspending on marketing. It also discusses operational mistakes such as low customer retention, security and privacy issues and the use of hard selling to fuel rapid growth. The primary focus of this case is the CEOs dilemma in resolving the crisis. BYJUS business model is discussed to provide students with an overview of the dynamics and challenges of the EdTech business and the companys initiatives to enhance the robustness of its business model. An overview of prominent EdTech companies competing with BYJUS in India is presented in the case to enable the students to understand the competitive scenario of the EdTech industry. 2025 Lahore University of Management Sciences -
Psychosocial Adjustment of Institutionalised Children: A Thematic Analysis of Caregiver Perspectives in Delhi
Background: A substantial proportion of institutionalised children come from environments marked by exploitation, parental death or incapacity, and unstable housing. Prior research indicates that early life trauma and institutionalisation adversely affect emotional regulation and psychosocial adjustment. Purpose: This study examines how trauma, institutional environments in Indian child care settings, and the absence of stable familial support influence childrens psychosocial development and their preparedness for life outside institutional care. Methods: A qualitative design was adopted. Five caregivers from a boys child care institution in Jahangirpuri, Delhiserving as Child Protection Officer, counsellor, housefather, and other roleswere interviewed. Data were analysed using thematic analysis as outlined by Clarke and Braun. Results: Caregivers reported persistent challenges among children, including verbal and physical aggression, low academic motivation, and difficulties in emotional regulation and forming social relationships. These findings reflect the compounded effects of trauma and institutional living conditions. Conclusion: The study underscores the significant impact of trauma and institutionalisation on psychosocial development. It highlights the need for trauma-informed care and strengthened support systems to improve developmental outcomes and facilitate successful reintegration into society. The Author(s) 2026. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Fear of Missing Out and Executive Functions: The Role of Self-regulation as a Mediator
Background: The fear of missing out (FoMO) is characterised by constant worry about missing out on rewarding experiences. However, the worry arising from FoMO affects both self-regulation and executive functioning. Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between FoMO and executive functioning, keeping self-regulation as the mediating variable. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design was used. The sample size was 455 university students with an age range of 1824 years. The Fear of Missing Out Scale, Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire and Executive Skills Questionnaire were used. Regression analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v26, and mediation analysis results were obtained through PROCESS Macro (Model 4). Results: Regression results pointed out that FoMO explained 18% of variance in executive functioning (? = 0.43, p < .001) and 16% of variance in self-regulation (? = 0.39, p < .001). Higher FoMO was related to poorer self-regulation and executive functions. Mediation analysis revealed that self-regulation partially mediated the FoMOexecutive functioning relationship, with significant indirect effects (B = 0.66, SE = 0.07, 95% CI [0.83, 0.52]) and direct effects (B = 0.83, SE = 0.13, 95% CI [1.10, 0.56]). Conclusion: FoMO negatively affects both self-regulation and executive functions, with self-regulation acting as a significant mediator through both direct and indirect pathways. These findings suggest the need for building self-regulatory skills to protect oneself from FoMOs negative effects. The Author(s) 2026. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Navigating New Culture: The Role of Attachment Styles in the Adaptation of International Students in India
Background: International students frequently look for programmes that are not offered in their home countries in order to pursue high-quality education, cultural exposure, professional prospects and personal development while studying abroad. Understanding attachment styles enables people to better comprehend local norms and values, facilitating easier social interactions and minimising misunderstandings, even though adjusting to the host country might be difficult. Purpose: The present study aimed to explore the relationship between attachment styles and sociocultural adaptation among international students in the host country. The studys specific goal was to comprehend how different attachment styles affect international students adjustment to new cultural customs, social norms and values. Methods: The study included 240 international students (male = 120 and female = 120) enrolled in various universities and educational institutions in Varanasi City, Uttar Pradesh, through purposive sampling. Participants were selected between the ages of 19 and 35 years. The Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and Revised Sociocultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS-R) were used in data collection. Results: The findings show that secure attachment style increased sociocultural adaptation, whereas insecure attachment styles decreased it among international students in the host country. A secure attachment style offers consolation, confidence and strong social bonds, all of which significantly enhance international students sociocultural adaptation in India. Conclusion: Social integration of international students may be greatly aided by planning inclusive cultural activities that promote engagement, lower social barriers and create a friendly atmosphere. Educational institutions may foster cross-cultural understanding and improve the overall campus experience for both domestic and international students by giving priority to such efforts. The Author(s) 2026. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Fear of Missing Out and Aggression: Role of Fatigue, Daytime Sleepiness and Self-regulationA Serial Mediation Model
Background: Fear of missing out (FOMO) is a recent psychological phenomenon and has been constantly linked with aggression, disturbed sleeping habits and deficits in self-regulatory skills. It is important to understand the mechanism through which FOMO influences sleepiness, self-regulation and aggression. Purpose: The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between FOMO and aggression in young adults and examine the mediating roles of fatigue, daytime sleepiness and self-regulation in the relationship between FOMO and aggression. Method: A cross-sectional correlational research design was employed to collect data from 455 young adults aged 1824 years (M = 20.71; SD = 1.61). Data were collected through standardised self-report measures. The obtained data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v23, and sequential mediation analysis using AMOS v22. Results: Findings indicated significant relationships between FOMO and the outcome variables like aggression, daytime sleepiness and self-regulation. However, no significant relationship was found between FOMO and fatigue; therefore, fatigue was not considered for further analysis. Sequential mediation analysis revealed that elevated levels of FOMO predicted lower daytime sleepiness (? = 0.26, p < .001), which in turn predicted low self-regulation (? = 0.39, p < .001) and consequently led to elevated levels of aggression (? = 0.26, p < .001). The indirect route (FOMO ? sleepiness ? self-regulation ? aggression) was statistically significant with excellent model fit (?2(2) = 3.86, RMSEA = 0.02, CFI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.01). Conclusion: The study indicates a full sequential mediation: greater FOMO levels reduce daytime sleepiness, possibly due to heightened arousal, which in turn leads to poor self-regulatory skills and increased aggression. It can be concluded that psychological interventions to improve self-regulation can help manage aggression in people with high levels of FOMO. The Author(s) 2026. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Neural Dynamics of Heartfulness Meditation: EEG Alpha Modulation Across Experience Levels
Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) studies consistently associate alpha-band oscillations with relaxation, internalized attention, and sensory disengagement during meditation. However, limited evidence exists on how Heartfulness Meditation (HM), particularly its unique transmission phases, modulates alpha activity across different experience levels. Purpose: This study investigated experience-dependent modulation of EEG alpha-band power during multiple phases of HM, with a specific focus on transmission and post-meditation periods. Method: Thirty-three healthy adults were categorized as long-term meditators (LTMs; n = 12), short-term meditators (STMs; n = 11), and non-meditating controls (CGs; n = 10). High-density EEG (129 channels) was recorded across seven consecutive five-minute phases: baseline, meditation (M1, M2), transmission (T1, T2), and post-rest (P1, P2). EEG data were preprocessed using RANSAC-based bad-channel detection and independent component analysis. Alpha power (812 Hz) was computed using Welchs method and analyzed using linear mixed-effects models with false discovery rate correction. Results: A significant Group Phase Region interaction (pFDR < 0.05) indicated experience- and phase-dependent alpha modulation. Both LTMs and STMs exhibited higher alpha power than controls, particularly in frontal, parietal, and occipital regions during meditation and post-meditation phases. Effect sizes ranged from small to moderate (Cohens d = 0.340.70). Notably, STMs showed alpha enhancements comparable to LTMs during early meditation. Conclusion: HM induces region- and phase-specific increases in alpha-band EEG activity, reflecting enhanced internal attention and sensory disengagement. Even short-term practice produces measurable neural changes, underscoring the potential neuroplastic effects of HM. The Author(s) 2026. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Association Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Developmental Crisis Among Young Adults: Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility
Background: Analysing the relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and developmental crises is critical for advancing targeted interventions; however, the psychological mechanisms underpinning these processes remain largely unexplored. Growing evidence indicates that cognitive flexibility potentially acts as a mediator in this relationship. Purpose: Grounded in the schema therapy conceptual model by Young et al. (2003), the present study investigates the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility between EMS and developmental crisis, offering insights for cognitive-based interventions. Method: A total sample of 200 participants (male = 87, female = 113), aged 1825 years (M = 20.4, SD = 1.84), were recruited using purposive sampling. The Young Schema QuestionnaireShort Form (YSQ-S2), the Developmental Crisis Questionnaire (DCQ) and the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) were administered. Result: Pearson productmoment correlation revealed a positive association between EMS and developmental crises, with the most robust relationship observed for the Disconnection and Rejection domain of EMS. Mediation analysis revealed that cognitive flexibility partially mediates the relationship between EMS 1 and developmental crises, while fully mediates the relationship for EMS 2 and 5 with developmental crises, buffering their impact, thereby reducing developmental crises among young adults. Conclusion: These findings deepen our knowledge of how cognitive patterns influence developmental challenges, delivering practical implications for creating targeted, schema incorporated interventions to strengthen resilience and support mental health in young adults. The Author(s) 2025. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Predictors of Sleep Quality Among Emerging Adults in India: Exploring the Role of FoMO, Nomophobia and Evening Chronotype
Background: The increasing integration of mobile technology into daily life has raised concerns about its effects on sleep quality and mental health, particularly among emerging adults. The interplay between evening chronotype, nomophobia (no mobile phone phobia), and FoMO is crucial to understanding these impacts, especially in the digital age. The current study investigated whether nomophobia mediates the relationship between evening chronotype and sleep quality and between chronotype and FoMO with sleep quality in emerging adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among N = 501 emerging adults (Males = 144, Females = 356), aged 1825 (21.2 1.85 years), after approval from the Institutional Review Board. The participants completed measures of demographic information, sleep quality, FoMO, nomophobia and chronotype. Data were analysed using Jamovi and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Significant negative associations were found between evening chronotype, FoMO, and sleep quality, indicating that individuals with an evening chronotype and those with higher FoMO tend to experience poorer sleep. Nomophobia significantly mediated the relationships between evening chronotype and sleep quality (Indirect estimate = ?0.00896, p < .05), and between FoMO and sleep quality (Indirect estimate = 0.0185, p < .05), amplifying these negative impacts. Conclusion: The study highlights nomophobias critical role in exacerbating the effects of evening chronotype and FoMO on sleep. Interventions targeting nomophobia and digital habits could improve sleep and mental health among emerging adults. The Author(s) 2025. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
An Exploratory Study on Vancharya as a Therapeutic Approach to the Bio-field of Young Adults Using Electronic Photographic Imaging
Background: Amid the fast-paced world, nature has a therapeutic modality for healing individuals both physiologically and psychologically. One such practice mentioned in an ancient Indian text is Vanacharya, which provides a deep connection with nature and a means of achieving overall well-being. Vancharya is a practice with profound roots in Indian spiritual and philosophical traditions that view the environment as a sacred and valuable source of knowledge and healing. Purpose: This purpose of this experimental research is to explore the therapeutic benefits of vancharya, in healing subtle systems of energy or the biofield present within the body like Aura Field (AF), Overall Alignment of Chakra (OAC), Overall, Chakra Energy (OCE), Stress Level (SL), Overall Energy Level (OEL). Methods: This research aims to evaluate the effect of vancharya, by examining 50 young adult participants over a one-week period (7 days). The study utilised a non-experimental single-group pre- and post-research design. The data collection was done using an advanced Biowell machine. The obtained data were analysed through a Paired Sample t-test by using SPSS software. Results: The obtained results indicated significant changes in the AF, OAC, OCE, while showing no significant impact on participants SL and OEL. Subjects also reported improved sleep patterns, less impulsivity, reduced aggression and fewer fluctuations of mood during their sessions in day-to-day activities. Conclusion: Therefore, the research indicates that Vancharya as a therapeutic modality had a significant impact on the subtle systems of energy among young adults. The obtained result from this intervention programme clearly indicates that subtle systems present in the body can have an impact as early as within 7 days itself, whereas, for visible impact within the individual (for instance stress level or overall energy level of the body), the duration of the intervention can be increased. The Author(s) 2025. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). -
Elections and Their Results Uncertainty: Did It Induce Herding Behaviour in Indian Stock Markets? A Quantile Regression Analysis for the 2024 Indian Parliamentary Elections
This empirical work investigates the Indian investors herding mentality in the stock markets throughout the 2024 general election period, that is, the pre-election period, during and post-election period, and the whole election period. In addition, the investigation extends to explore, in particular, if the election outcome uncertainty induced any herding in the Indian equity markets on the day of the counting and result announcements of the 2024 general elections. A series of cross-sectional absolute deviation (CSAD) models and the quantile regression framework are employed to determine the existence of investors herding throughout the study period. The findings of the CSAD models show no signs of investors herding in the Indian stock markets for the pre-election season, during and post-election period, and the whole election period. In addition, the quantile regression analysis results also corroborated with the CSAD results by exhibiting adverse herding behaviour throughout the 2024 general election period. Furthermore, the study identified key psychological, macroeconomic and global factors driving the herding behaviour. Among them, only the global factor, that is, the RCBOE:VIXm,t, reported a significant impact on the herding behaviour in the during and post-elections period and whole election periods at the quantile level of 95%. The studys findings offer significant implications for market participants and market regulators regarding investment decision-making and policy formulation during seasons of political uncertainty. 2025 MDI -
Assessing the Impact of Intellectual Capital on Firms Profitability: Evidence from the Indian Information Technology Sector Using Dynamic Panel System GMM Approach
The present study focuses on how intellectual investment influences the financial success of companies in Indias rapidly evolving information technology (IT) sector. Using data from 158 IT companies between 2016 and 2023, the study uses dynamic panel estimation techniques. The modified value-added intellectual coefficient model is used to analyse the key performance proxies such as return on assets, net profit margin and return on net worth. The random effect model and fixed effect model are used to analyse the effects of relational and structural capital results, which exhibit weaker and ineffective impact, while capital employed efficiency and human capital efficiency are significant factors that affect firms profitability by using System GMM, which encountered endogeneity issues. In todays highly competitive and knowledge-driven IT sector, the findings highlight how crucial it is to nurture human talent and use resources efficiently. These insights can guide managers, investors and policymakers in making smart investments in intellectual capital that drive lasting value. 2025 MDI -
Empowering Democracy: A Comprehensive Analysis and Predictive Modelling of Voter Turnout in Indian General Elections
This study aims to break down the complex dynamics driving voter turnout in Indian general elections, providing a detailed examination of the various elements that influence voters to engage in the democratic process. It investigates how voter engagement is changing over years, looking at socio-economic factors, regional differences and historical patterns that have an impact on civic engagement. The research utilizes a detailed exploratory data analysis to examine voter data from 1952 to 2019. Key factors influencing voting turnout are identified through statistical methods and visualizations. In order to predict and comprehend voter behaviour based on various socio-demographic parameters, the study uses advanced machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forest, XGBoost, LSTM and other important models. This project contributes to the understanding of voter behaviour, providing actionable insights for improving democratic participation in the Indian electoral landscape by utilizing hyper-localized constituency-wise data. Previous studies mostly looked into the political landscape of other countries and did not use any hyper-localized data. The study reveals regional differences, socio-economic linkages and important drivers of voter turnout. It highlights the value of focused campaigns, interventions tailored to a certain region and the use of technology to increase political engagements. 2025 MDI. -
Information Management Capacity and Supply Chain Performance: Mediating Effects of Supply Chain Practices, Competencies and Concerns
The present study aims to identify the impact of the information management capacity (IMC) of an organization on its supply chain performance (SCP). Also, this study attempts to understand the mediating role of the various components of supply chain management, namely, practices, competencies and concerns. A survey instrument was used to collect primary data from 250 SMEs which were selected randomly. Structural equation modeling (SEM) technique is used to test the hypotheses using SmartPLS. The final model indicated that information management capacity significantly influences the supply chain performance and supply chain management components, namely supply chain competence, practices and concerns mediate the relationship between information management capacity and supply chain performance. The results of this study provide a significant contribution to the theory of resource-based view. The number of managerial perspectives for improving operational capabilities was explained in this study. 2025 MDI. -
Market Reaction to Dividend Announcements During Pandemic: An Event Study
This study analyses the difference in stock market reactions to dividend announcement during the pandemic. The thirty constituent stocks of Sensex, the index of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), is used for analysis. This allows cross-industry comparison of the market reaction. The study examines stock market reactions covering 44 days around the dividend announcement dates. The primary objective of this study is to understand whether the price adjustment linked to the dividend announcement news during the pandemic was different from the earlier years. This empirical study employs the conventional event study methodology using abnormal returns (ARs) to examine the stock market reaction to dividend announcement. The market reaction to dividend announcement was increasingly positive during the pandemic, compared to previous years. The statistical pooled t-tests showed there was a significant relationship between the pandemic and ARs. The findings also indicate that the difference in the market reaction to dividend announcement was more prominent in services stocks than that in manufacturing. Further, the results also verify the weak-form of efficiency of Indian stock exchange. 2025 MDI. -
Factors Affecting Digital Visibility of Small and Medium Enterprises in India
This study sketches the importance of social media, integrated marketing communication, social customer relationship management and its transformation in the small and medium enterprises (SME). These factors can increase interaction and communication of SMEs with its customers. This study incorporates empirical method to elaborate how SMEs can increase visibility and reachability by gaining value through the usage of social media. Findings of the study highlight the challenges faced by SMEs with respect to visibility, examines the usage of different digital platforms by Indian SMEs which can resolve these difficulties and its impact on the business for improved visibility of SMEs when competition is hitting hard on all businesses. 2025 MDI. -
Modelling the Path from Servitization Enablers to Customer Centricity in the Automotive Industry: An fsQCA and ANN Analysis
The current study utilizes the major servitization enablers, including value co-creation, service customization, technology integration and network orchestration, as the core factors influencing customer centricity in the Indian automotive service industry. As the industry has shifted to service-oriented value creation, it is necessary to assess those relationships through the lens of the automotive service providers. This study is grounded in the service-dominant logic (SDL), dynamic capabilities (DC) theory and product-service systems (PSS) approach and investigates the data obtained from 179 Indian automotive service providers. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) reveals multiple equifinal configurations that lead to high customer centricity, demonstrating that no single enabler is appropriate. These findings are further substantiated by artificial neural network (ANN) analysis, which reveals that value co-creation plays a vital role in service performance and is the most important enabler of customer centricity (normalized importance = 100%). This dual methodological approach strengthens the results. The research presented feasible observations to automotive service providers, emphasizing the significance of value co-creation, enhancement of co-creation and the creation of flexible service systems that enable customer-oriented decision-making. 2026 IMI -
Nexus Between Interest Rate Risk and Economic Value of Equity of Banks
This analytical study looks to provide recommendations to the banking sector on different policies and regulations by examining certain aspects of the Basel III accord, which was designed to manage specific operational, capital and market risks of banks. A review of extant literature reveals that only a few papers have been written on simulation-based approaches, using basis and re-pricing risks. We look to connect this as a source while attempting to define and measure the impact of interest rate risk (IRR) on the economic value of equity (EVE) of banks. We propose to use the driverdriven method, wherein interest rate shocks are derived through prime lending rate (PLR) for the period of 20162019 in the context of India. Monte Carlo Simulation and OLS regression was performed to predict the IRR; Granger causality was used to examine the cause and effect relationship; the impulse response function (IRF) was used for sensitivity analysis; and the vector error correction model (VECM) technique was used for co-integrating relationships. Notably, the EVE movement caused due to shocks in interest rates had to be traced as it envisages probable EVE losses. Importantly, our study is among the first few to show the relationship between IRR and EVE of banks, especially after the deregulation of Indian banking sector. 2021 IMI -
Inter-state Disparities in Health Care Facilities During COVID-19: A Study of Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) in India
Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is one of the primary agendas of the World Health Organization (WHO) for achieving the goal of sustainable development. Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) is an important landmark in Indias road towards achieving this objective of universal health. The scheme aims to provide access to quality healthcare services through its empanelled public and private hospitals at the secondary and tertiary care levels. The current study attempts to understand the interstate disparities amongst the states using the scheme during COVID-19, and also analyses the interrelationship between the status of COVID-19 and PM-JAY-empanelled health infrastructure. The study has used secondary data from the COVID-19 India dashboard and the PM-JAY website for the analysis. The study found that, despite having an overall positive correlation between the number of COVID cases and the number of beneficiaries treated, there still exist wide disparities among the states in availing treatment. It was also evident that there is no significant relationship between the status of COVID-19 and the empanelled health infrastructure under PM-JAY. The states with a high number of health infrastructure, with high death and fewer recovery cases, had the worst COVID-19 situation. In order to have better utilisation of the scheme, the government can take necessary measures, such as broader coverage of the scheme, sufficient budgetary allocation to the states, and investment in additional private health infrastructure. 2026 Indian Institute of Health Management Research