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Separate Electorate
In colonial India, the category of Depressed Classes was approached through two distinct lenses as a socio-political issue and a moral and cultural issue. Two towering figures represented these perspectives B. R. Ambedkar and M. K. Gandhi. While Gandhi earnestly sought to address untouchability and other socio-cultural challenges faced by Depressed Classes through moral teachings, his approach was contested for being quite ineffective. Ambedkar, on the contrary, viewed the problem as deeply entrenched within religion and culture, advocating for socio-political empowerment as the solution. This chapter maps the historical events leading to Ambedkars successfully lobbying of British India for a separate electorate for Depressed Classes. It examines Gandhis vehement objection to the same based on his understanding that such provision would be detrimental to Depressed Classes, Hinduism, and national unity. Consequently, this chapter analyses how Ambedkar was forced to come to an agreement with Gandhi and sign the Poona Pact that put an end to proposed separate electorate but granted additional reserved seats to Depressed Classes. This chapter provides historical contexts and discusses the debates around the political representation of the minorities to address the larger question of political share of Depressed Classes in Indian electorate. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Mahitosh Mandal and Sanjiv Kondekar; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Artificial Intelligence in Language Teaching: Exploring Translanguaging, Eco-Linguistics, and Community-Based Learning
This chapter critically examines the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in second and foreign language teaching through the lens of eco-linguistics, with a particular focus on translanguaging. It explores three key dimensions of AI's impact: the theory of language, the theory of language learning, and the evolving role of the teacher. Using an argumentative and experimental methodology, the chapter integrates theoretical insights from eco-linguistics and translanguaging to evaluate AI-assisted tools. It highlights the opportunities these tools provide, such as personalized learning and adaptive feedback, while addressing their limitations, including challenges to emotional connection, language standardization, and the diminishing role of human interaction. The chapter proposes a hybrid model that combines AI with community- based language teaching to mitigate these issues, preserving the communication ecology and fostering more holistic language learning practices. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Perspectives Envisaging Employee Loyalty : A Case Analysis
Journal of Management Research Vol. 12, No. 2, pp 100-112, ISSN No. 0974-455X -
Understanding motion poster as an emerging trend in Telugu film promotion /
Telugu film industry is one of the biggest industry in the world with its largest number of film production annually. It produces more than 300 films per year. Telugu film industry has adopted a brand new technology from Hollywood which is gaining popularity in the current promotional techniques. This new trend is called as first look Motion Poster. Motion posters are different from normal wall posters. -
Stacked Ensemble Method of Multi Class Malware Detection Using PE Header and Section Attributes
Malware has now become sophisticated. The type of attacks has changed, too. To identify and remove them is now a great challenge. This paper presents a machine learning model for malware detection in windows. The Malware is detected based on the static collection of features, which includes the Portable Executable (PE) Header and Section data. Several classifiers were trained on a balanced dataset, including Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbour, Support Vector Machine, Multi-Layer Perceptron, XGBoost, and Stacked Ensemble. The proposed stacking method utilises SVM, MLP, and XGBoost, with XGBoost serving as the meta-learner. The model delivered the best performance when compared with all the baseline models for an accuracy of 96.25% and an AUC of 0.9978. 2025 IEEE. -
Enhanced mechanical properties of CNT/Graphene reinforced PLA-based composites fabricated via fused deposition modelling
This study addresses the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) composite materials reinforced by CNTs and graphene, produced using the Fused Deposition Modeling process. The collaborative impact of graphene and CNTs upon the primary mechanical attributes including UTS, yield strength, modulus of elasticity, and impact resistance has been investigated. Three distinct CNT's weight percentages of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 have been fabricated under constant graphene content at 0.5 wt%. These findings revealed that the UTS of pure PLA were 28 MPa, whereas for the composite with 1.5 wt% CNT and 0.5 wt% graphene, it was raised to 48 MPa. From 2.6 GPa to 4 GPa the young's modulus enhancement is seen and the yield strength enhancement is seen up to 28 MPa for the composite from 20 MPa of pure PLA. The impact strength was greatly enhanced from 1.2 J for pure PLA to as high as 4 J for the composite comprising 1.5 wt percentage CNT and 0.5 wt percentage graphene. 2025 The Author(s) -
A Comprehensive Study on Parametric Optimization of Plasma-Sprayed Cr2C3 Coatings on Al6061 Alloy
Plasma spray, a widely employed thermal spray method, is known for enhancing coatings with heightened microhardness, density, and bonding strength. In this study, Taguchis approach was applied to optimize processing parameters for plasma spray-coated surfaces, aiming to reduce porosity, increase hardness, and fortify the connection between Cr2C3 coatings. The design of experiments method facilitated the optimization of process parameters, utilizing signal-to-noise ratios and ANOVA analysis to assess the significance of each processing parameter and identify optimal parameter combinations. Powdered feed rate and stand-off distance emerged as the two most critical processing variables influencing permeability and hardness, contingent on signal-to-noise ratios. S/N ratio analysis was employed to determine the optimal processing parameters for permeability, hardness, and bonding strength. For porosity, the optimal stand-off distance, powdered feed rate, and current density were identified as 60rpm, 50g/min, and 460ampsmm/s, respectively. Exemplary process conditions for hardness included a powdered feed rate of 60g/min, a stand-off distance of 80rpm, and a current density of 480 amps. Lastly, for strength properties, the ideal process variables were a stand-off distance of 80rpm, a current density of 480amps, and a powdered feed rate of 60g/min. Despite small differences between projected R2 and modified R2 values in statistical data on permeability, hardness, and bonding strength, the proximity to the one emphasizing the fit of the linear regression used for analysis was evident. Fracture results from the binding strength test postulate mixed adhesion-cohesion type failures in the Cr2C3 coatings. The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024. -
Influence of emotional intelligence as mediator between workplace spirituality and organisational citizenship behaviour
Spirituality at work has developed as a research discipline over the last decade. There have been a few theoretical studies emphasizing on the significance of the construct. The external and internal factors affecting the relationship of this construct need to be analysed for enabling its implementation in the business world. The construct needs further empirical studies to establish itself as an implementable HR practice, contributing significantly to the bottom line. Organisational citizenship behaviour is critical for performance amidst uncertainty. Emotional intelligence has become more critical in overcoming the challenges faced by the Information Technology (IT) sector in India. This study fills the gap in the current literature studying the influence of emotional intelligence in the relationship between workplace spirituality and organisational citizenship behaviour in the Indian IT sector context. The challenges faced by the Indian IT sector are unique and needs alternative solution to avoid a downfall in the sector contributing majorly to the national GDP. The sample is 800 IT sector employees selected through judgmental sampling. The data is collected by using online survey instruments. SEM modelling has been used to analyse the data and use the same for development of an implementable model relating the dependent and the independent variables. -
Estimation of System Reliability Based on Inverted Exponentiated Pareto Distribution Under a Progressively First-Failure Censored Scheme With Application
This article explores and derives the estimation of the multicomponent stressstrength (MSS) reliability parameter, assuming that the samples are coming from the inverted exponentiated Pareto distribution using a progressively first-failure censored scheme. To estimate the MSS reliability, both classical and Bayesian approaches are adopted. In the classical approach, the maximum likelihood and the asymptotic confidence interval estimation methods are used. The Bayes estimates with their corresponding highest posterior density credible interval estimates are obtained under the Bayesian approach, under the linear exponential loss function under both the noninformative and gamma informative priors. In addition, to compute the Bayes estimates, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are used. To compare the efficacy of the different estimation strategies adopted in this paper, a Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology, two real-life scenarios resulting/arising from two different carbon fiber data sets arere-analyzed. 2025 The Author(s). Quality and Reliability Engineering International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Flexible Ni-Zn aqueous battery based on Ni?S?/NiO composite cathode with high energy-density and durability
The development of high-performance flexible aqueous zinc batteries requires innovative manufacturing protocols, suitable electrode composition and large area, three-dimensional architecture that results in exceptional electrochemical properties even under mechanical deformation. This work presents a unique approach for synthesizing flexible alkaline Ni-Zn batteries utilizing Ni?S?/NiO composite cathode over highly flexible and durable micro/nano-textured stainless steel mesh with excellent electrochemical performance. The binder-free composite cathode was developed through nickel electrodeposition followed by hydrothermal processing to create Ni?S?/NiO composite nanowires. The innovative anode design employs zinc composite coated on a pressed copper foam, significantly outperforming conventional zinc foil configuration. The Ni3S2/NiO/SSE composite cathode delivers an impressive specific capacity of 452 mAh/g, demonstrating excellent electrochemical properties at the electrode level. This advanced electrode architecture also enables the assembled device to showcase outstanding performance, delivering 316 mAh/g specific capacity at 1 A/g, a remarkable energy density of 553 Wh/kg, and exceptional power density of 11.19 kW/kg, substantially exceeding most reported aqueous zinc battery systems. Further, the device maintains stable electrochemical performance across various bending conditions, demonstrating superior mechanical flexibility essential for the advanced electronics and flexible energy storage applications. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Sustainability Reporting
Today, with the increased awareness among the various stakeholders, the success and growth of companies are not gauged by their financial performance but by the impact of their business operation on the environment and society. Companies are under immense pressure from different stakeholders to undertake sustainability practices and publish sustainability reports. Due to this, sustainability reporting has transformed from a voluntary exercise to a strategic imperative for companies. This chapter aims to explain the concept of sustainability reporting (SR), various drivers, and its benefits for the various stakeholders. It also provides a brief overview of the evolution of the notion of SR and the discourse of voluntary versus mandatory approach to SR. Further, this chapter discusses prominent global SR guidelines, frameworks, and challenges in the adoption of sustainability reporting practices. 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. -
What Influences Companies to Go Beyond Mandatory Corporate Social Responsibility Rule? Empirical Evidence from India
This study aims to empirically investigate how corporate governance (CG) characteristics influence firms to go beyond the mandatory minimum corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure rule to contribute towards sustainable development. It employs the panel regression technique for analysis of top seventy-five listed companies of the NIFTY100 index at Indian National Stock Exchange (NSE) for the years from 201415 to 202021. The empirical results revealed that CG attributes like large board size, large independent directors, and female directors significantly influence the CSR performance of the companies. However, no significant evidence was found in case of the impact of board meeting frequency and CSR practices of the companies. This chapter enables a better understanding of self-induced CSR practices to policymakers, regulators, practitioners, and other stakeholders. The findings suggest that various stakeholders should concentrate on specific CG attributes to focus on CSR performance. It is one of the first studies that determines what influence the adoption of self-induced CSR practices especially against the backdrop of major CG mechanism and CSR reforms in India. It provides additional empirical evidence to the extant body of literature on the CG and CSR practices from the perspective of emerging economies. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Analysis of Market Communication and Informatization Services: A Data-Driven Study Based on SDMX Statistics
The market communication and informatization services sector plays a crucial role in modern economic development, facilitating digital transformation and connectivity. This study leverages official statistical data to analyze trends, growth patterns, and the economic impact of communication services in Uzbekistan. Using the SDMX dataset, we evaluate sectoral contributions, regional disparities, and the role of technological advancements. The findings provide insights into investment efficiency and policy recommendations for sustainable sectoral growth. 2025 IEEE. -
SECURITY VIEWPOINT IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED SYSTEMS
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a key role in recent times linked with automation in almost all the fields on human interference and inventions. Industry 4.0 also signifies automation as one of the major aspects from its allies. However, on the other hand, issues and security concerns are at high priority in these systems and often are seen ignored as the AI systems are evolving as state-of-the-art technology. In this chapter, we focus on elaborating security vulnerabilities in AI-based infrastructure, explain the relation between AI attacks and cyber-attacks, and describe the sustained AI systems with inherited resilience. Case study is also considered to elicit threats and vulnerable issues associated with AI-based systems. Securing artificial intelligence and its associated techniques help in better outcomes which are tightly coupled with human monitored and controlled environments. AI algorithms need to be checked for accuracy in prediction model contexts on the evolution of technology for sustaining adversarial attacks. 2026 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. -
Device, system and method for wireless control of medical devices /
Patent Number: 202121038822, Applicant: Dr K. Sampath Kumar.
The various embodiments of the present invention provide a device coupled with a medical apparatus for controlling a function of the said medical apparatus. The device comprises a processing unit, a communication coupler, an actuator, an accelerometer and a sensor package. The communication coupler provides a communication interface between the processing unit and a processor of a medical apparatus. The actuator is connected to the processing unit through an electromechanical mechanism. The accelerometer is connected to the processing unit through a bidirectional channel to control axial stability in a desirable position. The sensor package is installed over the medical apparatus and is connected to the processing unit. -
Group signature based security technique for privacy identity information protection in blockchain /
Patent Number: 202121031204, Applicant: Gauri Arun Varade.
On cryptographic algorithms blockchain is a highlight point dispersed record innovation dependent. By factual techniques, information mining and sociological mining has made clients protection face significant dangers the straightforward and open
blockchain record enhanced. -
Design of new access control structure for provenance based on secret sharing
Access control is one of the important elements in providing confidentiality to the secured data. Access specifiers helps us understand degree of rights given to the users in utilizing data records in a right manner. Tampering the records by unauthorized parties is a high concern in secure communication. Tamper detection plays an important role in trouble shooting an issue associated with network/ host intrusion scenario. The advances in information technology have driven the modern world to focus on the Web for digital information. People across the globe rely on the internet for all the data from generic information to distribution of personal data over heterogeneous networks. Technology has grown so wide to an extent, where almost all of the financial transactions are taking place through online portals. On the other hand, there has been high rise in the security threats towards users confidential data. This information is however shared by the online users while performing financial transaction in e-commerce portals. In order to maintain security mechanism over the untrusted networks various authentication techniques available in this regard. All these security procedures are said to be stubborn and adequate on contextual basis, on the other hand over a period of time the intruders would find out ways to break into systems. Data theft and intrusion into the information systems would increase on a daily basis if defensive measures are not in place. In this concern a new mechanism for securing the data using majority voting concept is proposed. Majority voting for securing the provenance data is applied. Provenance data is data of origin, genesis data and often observed as sensitive data. Provenance is a record of events, timestamps, versions, transformations occurred for the data of interest. Elicitation of an entity's genesis is termed provenance. This understanding is called as data provenance for data objects and their relationships. In most of the cases provenance data is tend to be sensitive, and a small variation or regulation paves way to changes to entire lineage of the connected data. This origin needs to be protected and only approved parties should have right to use the data. Specific description or classification of an instance's historical record or data object is called data provenance. It has many implications in different disciplines in terms of its significance for the acquisition of data flow mechanisms. Personal control of data privacy is a common scenario and various solutions towards security exists. In this regard a unique model is proposed where control of data and its related allies is available with several bodies but however not one; and if access control is to be permitted for a cause based on context, all the entities holding their right keys will have to agree and share on a common platform for accessing the data. Combining these shares in a peculiar pattern allows the grant for accessing data. The method of allocating controls to multiple bodies and allowing grants based on the combination of stakes is called a mechanism for secret sharing. Share separation may be derived from the concept of visual encryption methodology We integrate concepts of secret sharing and provenance to provide an indigenous solution for parameters of information security namely confidentiality, integrity and availability. It is with the availability of exceptional wireless internet access in mobile motivated situations, users and usage data has become massive with respect to media. For example, financial related operations carried out over online platforms by users in many ways were found insecure and unauthenticated. Procedure with appropriate algorithms are available for safe data communication in various modes, however lacks to attain high accuracy and performance with regards to the basic goals of security; confidentiality, integrity, availability at a significant level. Security is the main aspect of any communications among untrusted networks in the current world. Sincere gratitude to many researchers for their tremendous contributions to effective security algorithms despite various threats that compromise the computer systems vulnerabilities. The origin of the data, i.e., by which the transaction thread was created, is the pertinent question to be answered while the financial operation is finalized. This definition of 'data antiquity ' has received good interest from researchers in different fields for many decades and is often termed as data provenance. However, security in provenance has made some progress with recent research, particularly in the field of cyber security. This study emphases on the safety characteristics of data provenance with a distinctive cryptographic approach. The combination of these principles produces unique results for safeguarding the genesis data. -
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Effect of impulse buying on socioeconomic factors and retail categories /
Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol.46, Issue 9, ISSN: 0973-8703. -
Whether shoppers of tier I city are aware about multi-brand outlets? /
Asian Journal Of Management, Vol.7, Issue 3, ISSN: 0976-495X (Print), 2321-5763 (Online).