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Linkages between Stock Market Development, Banks and Economic Growth in India: An ARDL Approach
The banking and stock market development was perceived to be an essential channel for economic growth through mobilisation and allocating productive investments. On the other hand, it was emphasised that economic growth would create demand for financial services and would lead to financial sector development. Existing literature attempts to investigate whether financial development is the primary driver of economic growth or vice versa. However, the issue remains unsolved and ambiguous. The present study investigated the causal relationship between stock markets, banks and economic growth in India using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. The empirical result confirmed the long-run bidirectional relationship between financial development and economic growth in India. In the short-run, the empirical evidence showed that the market capitalisation of the Bombay Stock Exchange and IIP were unrelated and that a bidirectional relationship existed between the value of shares traded on the Bombay Stock Exchange and output. Furthermore, the findings supported unidirectional causality from the National Stock Exchange market capitalisation to output in the short-run. The value of shares traded on the National Stock Exchange and output had a feedback connection. 2022 The Society of Economics and Development, except certain content provided by third parties. -
Linking Metacognition, Workplace Cognitive Competencies and Performance: An Integrative Review-Based Conceptual Framework
A key driver of workplace cognitive competencies is metacognition which has been shown to impact performance among nurses, teachers and firefighters, however, it is scarcely studied among managerial employees. The research investigating this relationship is also scattered across multiple domains limiting its utility for researchers and practitioners. This paper, therefore, presents an integrative review of the existing empirical literature from the Web of Science and Scopus database to trace the linkages of metacognition, workplace cognitive competencies and performance at work. The identified linkages are then formulated into a conceptual framework clarifying how various workplace cognitive competencies and performance may be linked to metacognition. The findings indicate linkages between metacognition and various workplace cognitive competencies such as problem-solving, decision-making, innovation, creativity and knowledge acquisition. The present research also establishes the link of metacognition and cognitive competencies with learning, individual and firm performance. The review paves way for metacognition to be considered as a distinct construct in the workplace, identifies gaps and provides direction for future research. Copyright 2022 The Author(s). -
Linking non-financial motivators of women entrepreneurs with entrepreneurial satisfaction: A cluster analysis
Women entrepreneurs confronted with several obstacles while managing their business houses and dealt firmly developing successful ventures over time. The long term sustainability of their business reflects their entrepreneurial skills. The existence of certain forces empowered entrepreneurial drive of women entrepreneurs leading to their satisfaction and engagement in their ventures. The present investigation evaluated the antecedents of women's entrepreneurial satisfaction by examining 405 women entrepreneur participants using confirmatory factor analysis and cluster analysis techniques. This study comprises only micro and small businesses of women. The non-monetary determinants emerged out as the significant determinants of satisfaction of women entrepreneurs. The results revealed four clusters of women entrepreneurs based on motivational theory such as micro-achievers, entrepreneurial team, liberal and socialist feminism and optimism. The results also indicated that the clusters of women entrepreneurs' respond distinctively towards various dimensions of entrepreneurial satisfaction, i.e., quality of married life, overall venture satisfaction, achieved innovation, achieved freedom, team orientation, achieved recognition and identity and achieved employee trust. 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Linking supply chain resilience with knowledge management for achieving supply chain performance
Purpose: Supply chain (SC) and knowledge management (KM) have been studied; still, there is a need to understand how KM can be used for SC resilience and improving the firms performance. The purpose of the paper is to study and analyze SC resilience strategies based on KM processes to enhance SC performance considering six SC strategies: SC reengineering, collaboration, SC innovation, SC integration, SC agility and SC risk management. Design/methodology/approach: By adopting the dynamic capability theory, the empirical research is conducted on a sample of 312 Indian micro, small to medium enterprises. To evaluate 312 samples, the structural equation modeling approach is adopted. Findings: The study found a is a positive relationship between SC reengineering, SC collaboration, SC integration, SC agility, SC risk management and KM. Nevertheless, the relationship between SC innovation and KM is not significant. This study also found the mediating effect of KM on SC performance, and the results shows that SC reengineering, SC collaboration, SC agility and SC risk management are having complementary mediation, while SC innovation and SC integration did not show any mediation. Originality/value: This is the only research that integrates resilience strategies and KM for improving SC performance. Using KM, SC reengineering will improve SC performance by enhancing readiness and recovery strategies to avoid SC disruption. KM will improve SC collaboration. It will enhance the SC process overall visibility, transparency and so on. Agility leads to increased speed, visibility and flexibility, which aids in dealing with uncertainty in the environment. SCRM entails investments and additional resources (such as equipment and labor) to navigate uncertainty and risks in the SC and improve SC performance. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Linking the Path to Zero Hunger: Analysing Sustainable Development Goals Within the Context of Global Sustainability
A global framework, the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, are designed to tackle the most urgent global issues. SDG 2, which stands for Zero Hunger, demonstrates a robust interconnection with the remaining seventeen goals since achieving food security and improved nutrition requires an all-encompassing approach that addresses the interconnected challenges presented by poverty, health, education, gender equality, climate change, and sustainable resource management. Within this framework, the research endeavors to ascertain the interrelationships among SDG 2 and other goals and analyze the critical goals that drive the achievement of SDG 2. Furthermore, the study provides an exhaustive analysis of the positions adopted by different nations concerning SDG 2. The results indicate that the SDGs are interconnected; while SDG 2 is closely linked to several other SDGs, their respective impacts differ. Furthermore, it has been determined that policies are crucial to attaining the SDGs. Without a transformation in agri-food systems that enhances resilience and facilitates the provision of affordable, nutritious foods and healthy diets, the current state of affairs will persist. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Lipase and lactic acid bacteria for biodegradation and bioremediation
Bioremediation is a biotechnological process in which environmental pollutants and solid wastes can be degraded using microbial action to provide a clean free environment without hazards. The process employs microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi for the degradation of wastes. The microbial activity in the bioremediation process degrades the environmental pollutants that are harmful to human health and converts them into less toxic or nontoxic forms. The process mainly focuses on the removal of many types of hazardous materials present in the soil, water, and atmosphere. Microorganisms, especially bacteria, receive great attention in bioremediation as they can mineralize the toxic wastes into other products, such as biomass and water, and make them nonhazardous at times. The activity is not limited only to the degradation of organic wastes, it also degrades crude oil spills in oceans, pesticides, and other industrial wastes. Lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus species are Gram-positive and occur mostly in milk and other such products that are highly useful for the human health. They also provide valuable products in the form of foodstuffs for human. Recent findings have shown that the lactic acid bacteria have a better capability to degrade most of the organic wastes and also other industrial contaminations such as dyes. Bioremediation process itself has different methods, such as biosparging and bioventing, grouped as ex situ methods, in which the degradation of wastes can be possible in bioreactors, while on the other hand, in situ methods take place at the site of the pollution or contamination by the microbial growth. 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Lipase-catalyzed resolution of 1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]hex-5-en-3-ol: Synthesis of (-)-centrolobine
A practical and efficient method for the preparation of homoallylic alcohol and its successful enzymatic resolution has been developed. This lipase-catalyzed resolution process has been optimized with respect to different lipases and solvents. Moreover, Mitsunobu strategy has been applied to recover the unwanted isomer. Further optically enriched homoallylic alcohol has been employed for the synthesis of (-)-centrolobine. 2017, Chemical Publishing Co. All rights reserved. -
Lipase-Catalyzed Resolution Of 1-[4-(Benzyloxy)phenyl]hex-5-en-3-ol: Synthesis of (-)-Centrolobine /
Asian Journal Of Chemistry, Vol.29, Issue 10, pp.2321-2326, ISSN: 0975-427X (Online) 0970-7077 (Print). -
Liquid gold: assessing groundwater quality at the historic Kolar gold fields, Karnataka, India
To assess ecological sustainability and resilience, it is necessary to periodically examine various ecological properties in areas with high pollution and contaminant risks. Kolar Gold Fields (KGF) in Kolar, Karnataka, showcases one of India's most contaminated zones because of the extensive gold mining and its lingering effects. In KGF, the quality of groundwater has been severely reduced as there exist extensive mining tailings, locally referred to as cyanide dumps, which have been neglected for several preceding years without proper disposal strategies. The current approach focuses on the water pollution caused by heavy metal deposits in the KGF region. Groundwater samples were sampled from Oorgam, an abandoned region in KGF, and subsequently filtered for water quality examinations. The investigation documented concentrations of several metals, including cadmium (0.068 0.0024 ppm), lead (0.288 0.0016 ppm), nickel (0.058 0.0047 ppm), and chromium (0.23 0.0235 ppm) and have met the standard specifications in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO). Prominent pH disparity was documented amongst the experimental samples, with a detectable pH drop in the aqua-purified water in comparison to the positive control. The test results imply that the water samples collected from KGF remain unpotable for consumption or irrigation due to the persistence of high levels of heavy metal concentration. This study underscores the urgent requirement for a remedial approach to ensure water safety for drinking and irrigation in the area. 2025 Brawijaya University. All rights reserved. -
LiST: A Lightweight Framework for Continuous Indian Sign Language Translation
Sign language is a natural, structured, and complete form of communication to exchange information. Non-verbal communicators, also referred to as hearing impaired and hard of hearing (HI&HH), consider sign language an elemental mode of communication to convey information. As this language is less familiar among a large percentage of the human population, an automatic sign language translator that can act as an interpreter and remove the language barrier is mandatory. The advent of deep learning has resulted in the availability of several sign language translation (SLT) models. However, SLT models are complex, resulting in increased latency in language translation. Furthermore, SLT models consider only hand gestures for further processing, which might lead to the misinterpretation of ambiguous sign language words. In this paper, we propose a lightweight SLT framework, LiST (Lightweight Sign language Translation), that simultaneously considers multiple modalities, such as hand gestures, facial expressions, and hand orientation, from an Indian sign video. The Inception V3 architecture handles the features associated with different signer modalities, resulting in the generation of a feature map, which is processed by a two-layered (long short-term memory) (LSTM) architecture. This sequence helps in sentence-by-sentence recognition and in the translation of sign language into text and audio. The model was tested with continuous Indian Sign Language (ISL) sentences taken from the INCLUDE dataset. The experimental results show that the LiST framework achieved a high translation accuracy of 91.2% and a prediction accuracy of 95.9% while maintaining a low word-level translation error compared to other existing models. 2023 by the authors. -
Listen to the heart or mind first? Examining sequential coping mechanisms among Indians during the COVID-19 pandemic
The present study examines the mediating role of emotion-focused and problem-focused coping between stress and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample comprised 501 (312 women and 184 men aged between 18 and 42) Indians who experienced the first-ever continued lockdown in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study confirmed the presence of perceived stress due to the lockdown and pandemic among participants. Furthermore, perceived stress, coping including emotion-focused and problem-focused, and psychological well-being were found to be interrelated. The serial mediation analysis revealed that participants dealt with stress by choosing emotion-focused coping first as an immediate resort. After a reappraisal of stress-inducing situations, they used problem-focused coping, and this sequence of constant coping mechanisms helped maintain their psychological well-being. The findings of this study can be applied to develop strategies for peoples mental health by public health organizations and health professionals. Copyright 2023 Srivastava, Upadhaya and Jain. -
Litchi inflicted child mortality in Bihar-a whistle blower to the pathetic public health system and other contributory factors
Introduction: Seasonal outbreak of a neurological illness called encephalopathy causing death among children has been reported since 1995 from the state of Bihar in India where in the year 2019 fifty-four children reportedly died due to this cause. Though this illness and its deadly consequences have been reportedly associated to consumption of a locally harvested fruit in the state called Litchi, still, it would not be appropriate to blame the fruit alone which is widely consumed by millions of people in India and all around the world without causing them any health hazards. Objectives: The study aims at exploring and reporting the prime contributory causes of encephalopathy among children due to consumption of the Litchi fruit in the state of Bihar. Methods: The article is based on review and analysis of secondary data gathered through scientific research papers, reports and statistics published by various ministries and departments of the Government of India, data published by recognised medical bodies, news journals and relevant research articles. Results: The findings of the report confirm that Litchi victimizes only those who are malnourished and feed in a considerable quantity to quench their hunger. The real causes of litchi inflicted child mortality is therefore poverty, malnutrition, lack of proper and equipped public health system leading to lack of timely and quality access to medical facilities, absence or lack of nutritious evening meal and high exposure to litchi orchards and large amount of time spent by children in these orchards without supervision and control. Conclusion: Strict monitoring and supervision should be executed in the health units of the state of Bihar and the same should be equipped with necessary equipment and manpower. The people in the state especially the uneducated should be made aware of the deadly outcomes of consuming large amount of litchi on an empty stomach. 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS -
Literary Cartography of Performance Ecologies in Sheela Tomys Valli
The shift towards posthumanism is characterized by blurring boundaries between humans and other species alongside emerging narratives centred on climate catastrophes and ecological crises. Sheela Tomys Valli (2022) is one of the most recent works of Indian fiction that actively promotes ecological consciousness. Set against the picturesque landscape of Wayanad, Valli intricately captures the essence of the indigenous community, weaving their stories into its narrative. The paper suggests that reading Valli through a cartographic lens transforms the narrative into an intelligent discourse on spatial politics. The performances in Valli are understood through the lens of performance ecology (Jeff Grygny), reflecting ongoing contemporary ecological debates. Their interrelation is explored by mapping spatial memory and schema of the characters, based on Robert T. Tallys theory of literary cartography (2013). Additionally, the paper will provide an overview of the ecopolitics of Wayanad, with a specific focus on the socio-political conditions of the Paniyar and Kuruchiyar scheduled tribes from which the characters are drawn. The study will underscore the triad of space, performance, and ecology in Valli, invoking a sense of ecoprecarity essential for rethinking and potentially expanding our notion of sustainability. 2024, University of Malaya. All rights reserved. -
Lithiated indole derivative in reduced graphene oxide framework as efficient electrode for lithium-ion battery
The traditional wet-chemical approach was used to synthesise N,N?-bis-Ind[?1H-indol-3-ylmethylidene]benzene-1,2-diamine (N,N?-bis-IBD), which was then lithiated using ball milling. The physical and spectrochemical characteristics of the as-prepared materials in lithiated and unlithiated forms were found to be considerably different. The activity of the lithiated N,N?-bis-IBD electrode material towards battery application was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge potential limit (GCPL) studies. The electrochemical studies on this electrode material revealed the active strong redox characteristics and anodic behaviour in aqueous electrolyte. At 100 cycles in aqueous medium, the lithiated moiety exhibited an impressive battery performance with a discharge capacity of 277 mAhg?1. Interestingly, addition of 20 wt % reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to lithiated N,N?-bis-IBD sample greatly improved the battery performance showing a high discharge capacity of 766 mAhg?1 after 100 cycles. The improved electrochemical performance implicates rGO-mixed lithiated indole-based composite as an effective anode material for lithium-ion battery (LIBs) application. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Lithium photodisintegration with linearly polarized photons at astrophysical energies
We present here a model-independent theoretical discussion of differential cross-sections in photodisintegration of lithium with unpolarized and linearly polarized photons. In recent years, experimental measurements are being carried out on the photodisintegration of lithium in the reaction channel 7Li(?, n)6Li to study the angular dependence of cross-section. In this regard, we have studied the spin structure of amplitudes in 7Li(?, n)6Li by expressing the differential cross-section in terms of Legendre polynomials. 2023 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. -
Lithium photodisintegration with unpolarized photon beams at near threshold energies
The study of photonuclear reactions with lithium targets i.e. photodisintegration of lithium in addition to other photonuclear reactions is of considerable interest to the fields of nuclear physics, astrophysics, laser physics and several applications such as non - destructive testing of nuclear materials. We propose to study photodisintegration of lithium with unpolarized photon beams at near threshold energies. Our model independent theoretical approach, which makes use of irreducible tensor techniques, is well suited for making predictions on the spin observables as well as the differential cross section. In this paper we analyze the reaction channel 7Li + ? ? 6Li + n by using unpolarized photons. 2022 -
Litigating for Climate JusticeChasing a Chimera?
Across the world, in recent decades, climate litigations have been playing essential roles in shaping domestic policies and legal frameworks on climate change and also in rendering climate justice. There has also been a continuous rise in the development of climate actions, and climate claim litigations by individuals, civil society, and non-state actors. The Indian Supreme Court, High Courts, and the National Green Tribunal have played a significant role in environmental governance by interpreting constitutional and statutory rights to include a right to the environment over the past decades. Nevertheless, with the latest trends in climate litigations, climate challenges have grown across varied climate-related issues, requiring a new judicial approach. In its analysis of climate claims, the justice dispensation mechanism ought to comprehend the shortcomings and be able to generate solutions, similar to those adopted by the courts in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. An analyses of the approach taken by courts in developing nations namely in the Philippines, South Africa, and Pakistan that have compelled governments and corporates to meet their climate commitments are examined. Climate litigation in India has been emerging rapidly over the past decade. As the claims are increasing, the courts and the National Green Tribunal need enhanced capacity building to address climate litigations. This chapter seeks to address the feasibility and implication of equipping courts to address climate litigation. We review the scope of climate litigation and consider the challenges and opportunities to ensure climate justice. This chapter concludes by outlining possible opportunities and challenges in interlinking climate litigation and climate justice in India. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. -
Lived Experiences, Challenges, and Coping Mechanisms of Undergraduate Students on Cybersecurity in Digital Environments
Higher education students use digital devices for learning, entertainment, and financial transactions. The present study examines undergraduate (UG) students challenges faced in cyber security space amid digital environments. The study employed a qualitative research design with a narrative inquiry method to capture the lived experiences, challenges, and coping mechanism of UG students through semi structured interviews. The researchers analyzed the qualitative data of ten UG students using the inductive thematic analysis method. UG students shared overall that they face varied experiences, multiple challenges, and cope with cyber security issues in multiple ways. Findings from the study led to recommendations for stakeholders, which includes designing higher education classes in a more secure way. This may offer students orientation on cybersecurity knowledge which keeps them safe and helps them understand the digital environment overall. 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
