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The Truncated Modified Lindley Generated Family of Distributions
In this paper, two contributions to the modified Lindley distribution are provided. First, we bend the truncation scheme to this model to introduce a new distribution on the interval (0, 1). Theory and practice are provided. In particular, we show that it can be an interesting alternative to the analogous truncated exponential and Lindley distributions. Then, we employ this truncated distribution to develop a new generalized family of distributions. We examine its main theoretical properties, and show how it can be applied quite efficiently to analyse various data sets. 2023 Mir Masoom Ali, Irfan Ali, Haitham M. Yousof and Mohamed Ibrahim. -
The Troubling Emergence of Hallucination in Large Language Models - An Extensive Definition, Quantification, and Prescriptive Remediations
The recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered widespread acclaim for their remarkable emerging capabilities. However, the issue of hallucination has parallelly emerged as a by-product, posing significant concerns. While some recent endeavors have been made to identify and mitigate different types of hallucination, there has been a limited emphasis on the nuanced categorization of hallucination and associated mitigation methods. To address this gap, we offer a fine-grained discourse on profiling hallucination based on its degree, orientation, and category, along with offering strategies for alleviation. As such, we define two overarching orientations of hallucination: (i) factual mirage (FM) and (ii) silver lining (SL). To provide a more comprehensive understanding, both orientations are further sub-categorized into intrinsic and extrinsic, with three degrees of severity - (i) mild, (ii) moderate, and (iii) alarming. We also meticulously categorize hallucination into six types: (i) acronym ambiguity, (ii) numeric nuisance, (iii) generated golem, (iv) virtual voice, (v) geographic erratum, and (vi) time wrap. Furthermore, we curate HallucInation eLiciTation (), a publicly available dataset comprising of 75,000 samples generated using 15 contemporary LLMs along with human annotations for the aforementioned categories. Finally, to establish a method for quantifying and to offer a comparative spectrum that allows us to evaluate and rank LLMs based on their vulnerability to producing hallucinations, we propose Hallucination Vulnerability Index (HVI). Amidst the extensive deliberations on policy-making for regulating AI development, it is of utmost importance to assess and measure which LLM is more vulnerable towards hallucination. We firmly believe that HVI holds significant value as a tool for the wider NLP community, with the potential to serve as a rubric in AI-related policy-making. In conclusion, we propose two solution strategies for mitigating hallucinations. 2023 Association for Computational Linguistics. -
The trauma of gun violence: Effects on students and communities
This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the diverse consequences of gun violence within educational institutions, with a particular emphasis on the psychological distress endured by both students and communities. This study examines the emotional, psychological, and social ramifications, emphasizing coping mechanisms, strategies for developing resilience, and community healing initiatives. The critical nature of gun violence as a public health crisis is highlighted by the imperative for policymakers, educators, and community leaders to prioritize trauma-informed approaches. Through the promotion of policy reforms and the adoption of traumasensitive methodologies, it is possible to foster the development of secure and resilient communities that promote the recovery and flourishing of individuals. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
The Transparency Paradox: Rebuilding Trust in AI Shopping Agents Through Explainability
AI shopping agent systems that search, compare, negotiate, and purchase on a consumers behalf promise to reduce friction in digital commerce, but they also intensify long-standing concerns about price discrimination, manipulative choice architecture, and opaque data use. This chapter argues that the resulting transparency paradox is not merely a communication problem: the same AI capabilities that enable personalization can also conceal and optimize exploitation. Building on research in trust, explainable artificial intelligence, humanAI interaction, and consumer protection, the chapter develops a socio-technical approach to rebuilding trust in agentic commerce. It synthesizes regulatory and standards developments and proposes design and governance mechanisms layered explanations, contestable outcomes, auditability, and choice-integrity controls intended to make AI shopping agents intelligible and accountable across jurisdictions and market contexts. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
The Transnational Influence of Energy on Cultural Practices : A Study on Kuttanad Wetland Systems
The phenomenon of the extensive Kerala-Gulf migrations has exerted a significant influence on the socio-economic development and local cultures of the state. This study newlineinvestigates the evolving cultural perceptions and practices in the region with the rapid migrations, employing the conceptual framework of energy as a guiding lens. Energy is viewed as the fundamental and material fuel communities engage with to shape and organise their cultures. By situating the research in the field of Energy Humanities, it interrogates the role of shifting energy regimes and transnational energy systems in specifically shaping the local community s relation with the land and environment. The study focuses on Kuttanad, a wetland-based region in Kerala, historically known for its intense paddy cultivation and rice production. Wetland environments play a significant role in environmental sustainability by sustaining the carbon cycle and exist as complex biodiverse ecosystems. The study employs a mixed-method qualitative approach by combining ethnography and textual analysis that form the primary data for analysis. The selected novel Moustache (2020) by S. Hareesh translated by Jayashree Kalathil serves as the primary text. In ethnography, methods like semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and focus-group discussions were utilised to directly obtain insights from the newlineparticipants perspective. The collected data was systematically coded and analysed to newlineexplore an underlying energy unconscious within the culture. The findings present early agrarian Kuttanad as an organic-based energy regime with flow and animate forms as newlineprimary sources of energy that act as agency and effect in shaping local cultures. It newlinehighlights the overlooked aspect of energy s influence on the social dynamics, power newlinestructures, and everyday values and practices of local cultures. -
The transformative potential of artificial intelligence in building sustainable agricultural systems: Innovations, challenges, and future directions
Artificial Intelligence is revolutionizing agricultural practices by enhancing efficiency, productivity, and sustainability. Through precision agriculture, AI enables data-driven decision-making, optimizing resource use, crop management, and yield prediction. Innovations such as machine learning algorithms and IoT integration facilitate real-time monitoring of soil, weather patterns, and pest control. These technologies address critical challenges like food security and environmental conservation. However, the adoption of AI in agriculture faces obstacles, including high implementation costs, data privacy, and limited access to technology. Future directions involve advancing AI capabilities to support climate-resilient farming, promoting digital inclusion, and developing policy frameworks to address socioeconomic concerns. By leveraging AI, agriculture can transition toward sustainable practices, ensuring food security while minimizing environmental impact. In light of the above perspective, this chapter highlights AI's potential to transform agriculture amidst ongoing challenges. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Tracking of (Machine) Intelligences Evolution Using an Intelligence Catalogue
The purpose is to investigate the usage of capabilities that identify intelligence in the scientific discourse on AI, to track the evolution of the mythology around intelligence and how it appears in both people and computers across time. The form of a catalog, and covering various domains, including AI, intelligence capabilities, and related traits that are used to define intelligence were extracted from prior research in this area. Even if intelligence is still a nebulous, ill-defined term, examining and comprehending the language surrounding it could influence how we utilize it as well as how intelligent artifacts are made now and in the future. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Prof. (Dr.) Dorota Jelonek, Prof. (Dr.) Narendra Kumar, Prof. (Dr.) Mamta Chahar, Prof. (Dr.) Rusudan Kinkladze and Prof. (Dr.) Lilla Knop; individual chapters, the contributors. -
The total upper domatic number of a graph
Let G = (V,E) be a graph with no isolated vertices. For two disjoint subsets A and B of V, if every vertex in B is adjacent to at least one vertex in A, then the set A is said to dominate set B. A partition ? = {V1,V2,,Vk} of the vertex set V is a total upper domatic partition of G if Vi dominates Vj or Vj dominates Vi or both, for any Vi,Vj ? ? and G[Vi], 1 ? i ? k, has no isolated vertices. The total upper domatic number Dt(G) of G is the maximum order of a total upper domatic partition of G. In this paper, we initiate a study on the concept of total upper domatic number and determine the bounds of Dt(G) and exact values of the same for some classes of graphs. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
The total upper domatic number of a graph
Let G = (V, E) be a graph with no isolated vertices. For two disjoint subsets A and B of V , if every vertex in B is adjacent to at least one vertex in A, then the set A is said to dominate set B. A partition ? = {V1, V2, . . ., Vk} of the vertex set V is a total upper domatic partition of G if Vi dominates Vj or Vj dominates Vi or both, for any Vi, Vj ? ? and G[Vi], 1 ? i ? k, has no isolated vertices. The total upper domatic number Dt(G) of G is the maximum order of a total upper domatic partition of G. In this paper, we initiate a study on the concept of total upper domatic number and determine the bounds of Dt(G) and exact values of the same for some classes of graphs. World Scientific Publishing Company. -
The total game chromatic number of paths, cycles and stars
The total game coloring is one of the extensions of the game coloring problem in which two players alternatively color both vertices and edges of a given graph. In this paper, the total game chromatic number is determined for the classes of paths, cycles, and stars. The incidence game chromatic number for large paths is also discussed by relating the incidence and the total graphs of paths. 2022 Forum-Editrice Universitaria Udinese SRL. All rights reserved. -
The times of jeopardising free speech
Press freedom is at stake in India, which holds a dismal rank of 159 among 180 countries in the Press Freedom Index 2024. While dissent and democracy ideally go hand in hand, a glance at the present situation in India suggests that these terms are perceived as antonyms in practice. The state is exerting its repressive power over dissenters, particularly targeting media outlets that do not align with the states interests. The media has a great responsibility and obligation to the citizens to bring out real stories with diligence and truthfulness. In India, the depiction of socioeconomic and political realities is mostly done at utmost risk and with an air of uneasiness. The truth remains elusive to the majority of the public, as they receive information from a restrained source constantly under government surveillance. This article aims to analyse the current situation of media and democracy in India with reference to freedom of speech and expression. The writing is an outcome of analysing the past and present sociopolitical contexts in India concerning the concept of free speech. The Author(s) 2024. -
The three-dimensional bioconvective flow of Sisko nanofluid under Robin's conditions
The proposed model investigates three-dimensional bioconvective Sisko nanofluid flow under Robin's conditions. The Sisko nanofluid has versatile implications in drilling fluids, cement slurries, waterborne coatings, and so on. Furthermore, the inclusion of gyrotactic microorganisms prevents the deposition and agglomeration of the nanoparticles in the base fluid. Buongiorno's model is included to explore the behavior of Brownian motion and thermophoretic factors. The energy and mass transmissions along with the gyrotactic microorganism density are illustrated by the partial differential expression system with Robin's conditions. These are further reframed into an ordinary differential equation system with the aid of similarity transformation. The developing model is tackled by using the MAPLE inbuilt package BVP. The nanofluid acts as a goodcooling agent for higher values of the thermophoresis parameter. Furthermore, the pseudoplastic nanofluid performs better than the dilatant nanofluid. The developed model is very useful in energy production and engineering products. 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC -
The Theory and Practice of Positive Neuropsychology: New Perspectives on Nurturing Wellbeing
This pioneering work focuses on positive psychology and wellbeing from a neuropsychological perspective. It bridges social, emotional, and psychological principles to explore the burgeoning field of positive neuropsychology. Combining academic theory and clinical practice, it delves into foundational principles, assessments of neuro-cognitive health, evidence-based interventions, practical applications and real-life case studies, and the profound implications of positive neuropsychology in educational contexts. At the intersection between neuropsychology and positive psychology, this book advocates the recent shift toward recognizing the paramount importance of exploring the positive facets of neuropsychological functioning, rather than the historical focus of neuropsychology on ameliorating cognitive deficits and addressing neurological disorders. A must-read for academics, clinicians, and students in neuropsychology, clinical psychology, and positive psychology, this book is also invaluable for anyone interested in enhancing cognitive wellbeing and resilience. 2025 K. Jayasankara Reddy. All rights reserved. -
The Taos and Trait Meta-mood on Transpersonal Gratitude: Tracing Their Influences
The mainstream empirical research has always viewed gratitude in its triadic form involving a typical human giver, gift, and receiver. But it is not the same in the case of transpersonal gratitude. Instead, it is directed towards abstract entities beyond self like God, their own state of being, or the cosmos. The previous literature had affirmed that a selfless attitude and better mood could determine overall gratitude. But this relation is not mainly known in the context of this newer form of gratitude. Indian young adults (N = 456) completed scales on transpersonal gratitude, trait meta-mood, and ego-grasping orientationa Taoist concept. The preliminary analysis revealed that the selfless nature was unrelated to transpersonal gratitude. Subsequently, the predictive effect of trait meta-mood on transpersonal gratitude is quantified. The findings explain the distinguishable features of the young adults' populace and positive transpersonal experiences. The need to identify groups, cultural differences, and the utility of interventions on transpersonal gratitude in the future gratitude research is emphasised. 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to National Academy of Psychology (NAOP) India. -
The talent compass: guiding workforce realignment at Vertex Engineering
Learning outcomes After discussing this case, students will be able to apply the Competency Mapping framework to design redeployment and reskilling strategies for displaced employees; analyze workforce realignment challenges through the lens of Strategic Workforce Planning (SWP) models; evaluate HRs strategic role in balancing financial constraints with talent retention using evidence-based reasoning; assess the risks and outcomes of alternative workforce planning models and propose suitable HR interventions; and design an integrated competency assessment and performance evaluation framework to prepare the organization for future transitions. Case overview/synopsis In early 2023, Suresh Nair, Deputy General Manager of Human Resources at Vertex Engineering, a medium-sized firm in Indias construction equipment sector, faced a major workforce challenge. The company decided to sell its Core Manufacturing Plant, whose capacity utilization had fallen from 85% in 2010 to 50% in 2023. Out of 500 affected employees, 250 were transferred to the acquiring company, while the remaining 250 required redeployment, reskilling or release. This case study explores how Vertex can strategically realign its workforce through the application of Strategic Workforce Planning (SWP) and Competency Mapping frameworks. It emphasizes the HR functions evolving role from administrative redeployment to strategic capability building within an environment of technological change, cost pressure and labor volatility. The protagonist, Suresh Nair, must navigate conflicting priorities between cost reduction advocated by the CFO and the COOs emphasis on talent retention as a long-term competitive asset. Complexity academic level Graduate and under-graduate level Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human Resource Management. 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited -
The Synergistic Effect of Sustainable Business Practices on Corporate Performance
This book explores the intricate relationship between sustainable business practices and economic performance. By examining how companies can achieve financial benefits through the integration of environmental and social responsibility into their core strategies, this book seeks to bridge the gap between environmental and economic concerns. It demonstrates that sustainability is not merely a moral imperative but a strategic economic driver in the modern business landscape. The book provides valuable insights into how companies can align their economic goals with environmental and social responsibilities, leading to long-term financial success. Readers will also benefit from the practical applications and case studies that demonstrate the tangible financial benefits of sustainable business practices. Additionally, the book serves as a resource for implementing sustainability strategies within organizations, making it an indispensable guide for business leaders, policymakers, and academics seeking to navigate the complexities of modern economic and environmental challenges. 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
The sustainable environment in Ajman: A journey towards a green future in the United Arab Emirates
Ajman, a rapidly developing emirate in the United Arab Emirates, is embarking on a journey toward a sustainable future amidst environmental challenges. This paper explores the current environmental situation in Ajman, analyzing challenges such as pollution, waste management issues, resource depletion, and impacts of climate change. It evaluates ongoing environmental innovation initiatives, including projects addressing these challenges and their impact on the local environment. Additionally, the paper examines the latest environmental technologies and innovations deployed in Ajman, along with efforts to promote environmental awareness among the local community. Furthermore, it delves into partnerships between the government and private sectors and international collaborations to advance sustainability goals. Finally, the paper identifies future challenges and development opportunities, reviews existing environmental policies and legislation, and provides recommendations for fostering a greener and more sustainable future in Ajman. 2025 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. -
The subculture of gaming- An analysis of the culture and the behavioral patterns /
The aim of this study would be to reach out to people who identify themselves as gamers and then find out about the subculture that they represent. The study will be aimed at analyzing that culture and then identifying the behavioral and psychological influences it has on the “gamers”. Through this study the researcher has tried to break the myth on online gaming being addictive and inducing violence. -
THE STUDY OF THE ONSET OF RAYLEIGH B??NARD CONVECTION IN A COUPLE-STRESS DIELECTRIC LIQUID
The linear analysis of Rayleigh-Benard convection in dielectric couple stress fluid are studied using the Galerkin technique. The effects of six basic non-uniform temperature gradients on the onset of convection are analsysied. The eigenvalue is obtained for free - free velocity boundary combinations with isothermal and adiabatic boundaries. A linear stability analysis is performed. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analyzed. Six different non-uniform temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset is discussed. The problem suggests an elegant method of external control of internal convection. -
The study of algal diversity from fresh water bodies of Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India
The algal diversity of the freshwater ecosystem is very significant because they are the primary energy producers in the food web. The study for the algal diversity was conducted at Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary, Thrissur, Kerala, India, from selected sampling sites (Pookoyil thodu, Kidakkapara thodu, Viraku thodu, Nellipara thodu, Anaporu thodu, Kodakallu thodu, Odan thodu, Mullapara thodu, Payampara thodu, Chimmony dam). The identified algal species belong to four different classes: Chlorophyceae, Euglenineae, Rhodophyceae, and Cyanophyceae. Sixty-one algal species were identified, represented by 37 genera, 22 families, and 14 orders. Among the four, Chlorophyceae was the dominant class. Jose & Xavier 2022. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.