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Economic Sustainability, Mindfulness, and Diversity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
The sustainability of artificial intelligence (Al) and machine learning (ML) requires human diversity and mindfulness. This chapter discusses the various ways in which AI and ML can interact with humans to improve society, e.g., in filing copyrights or design patents or increasing mindfulness. AI and ML could educate weavers and farmers about their legal rights, cultivation methods, banking processes, and the harmful effects of tobacco consumption and other health-related issues. AI and ML could help teach mindfulness. ML can measure additional biofeedback. Music, mathematics, and art may benefit from AI and machine learning. Human-technology relations and the blue-green deployment model can be used to maintain two independent infrastructures or duplicate feature stores. It is possible to cultivate mindfulness and an awareness of diversity and communal harmony through AI and machine learning, as AI and machine learning can infer the emotional and cognitive states of the people with whom they interact. By leveraging the entire process of visualization, reading, and listening with AI, machine learning, and beyond, the digital future has the potential to incorporate real-time emotions and feelings. This would entail emotional responses on both ends and a variety of other technologies and users. 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Economic resilience in the face of pandemic: a holistic mathematical analysis of the pandemic in India
COVID-19 was initiated in 2020 and caused an immediate threat to global countries in terms of both economic and health influences. In this present work, we extend the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model by considering two new variables, gross domestic product or GDP (G) and unemployment (U), to study the impact of this epidemic on the Indian economy during the 20202023 period. Since our extended SIR model includes two novel compartments, which are GDP and unemployment rate, we can now explore in more detail the sophisticated relationship between health and economic matters. The framework allows us to investigate the following consequences: how changes in the infection rate affect the economy and how changes in GDP and unemployment translate into the spread of this contagion. These visualizations are based on real-time quarterly data and provide full knowledge of the interaction between health and economic dynamics during the COVID-19 crisis in India. Government initiatives and regulations are also reviewed for their efficiency to contain the virus while taming the economic cost. Real-world results are contrasted with the care to find the strengths and weaknesses of the policies that come out with the underlying assumptions in the model. This paper, in other words, deploys an in-depth analysis of the convoluted links between economics, policy, and public health in the face of a pandemic with a geographic focus in India. 2025 by the authors. -
Economic policy uncertainty and corporate inventory holding: evidence from emerging economies
Purpose: This study aims to investigate how economic policy uncertainty (EPU) influences the inventory levels of 6,150 companies in ten emerging economies, specifically Chile, Brazil, China, Colombia, Hong Kong, India, Mexico, Pakistan, Russia and Singapore. Design/methodology/approach: The data used in this study is of quarterly frequency from 2004Q1 to 2020Q4 collected from the COMPUSTAT global database. To estimate the coefficients, this study has employed a two-step GMM model. Findings: We have discovered new evidence indicating a curvilinear relationship, specifically an inverted U-shaped pattern, between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and corporate inventory holdings. These findings remain resilient when subjected to various rigorous tests. Furthermore, we observe that firms with lower financial constraints are capable of increasing their inventory holdings to a significant extent in the presence of high economic policy uncertainty (EPU) than firms facing higher financial constraints. Originality/value: Our research adds to the expanding body of literature that explores the impact of economic policy uncertainty on firm-level decision-making. We provide fresh evidence regarding the correlation between economic policy uncertainty and inventory holding, specifically focusing on emerging economies worldwide. Furthermore, we make a valuable contribution to the existing literature by examining whether the association between economic policy uncertainty and inventory holdings is influenced by the extent of financial constraints. 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Economic Insights: The Computational Intelligence Perspective on Finance
Using technological advancements and shifting risk landscapes as a driving force, this abstract investigates the revolutionary approaches that have reshaped risk mitigation in contemporary contexts. Introducing a new era of proactive risk management has been made possible by the combination of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and predictive analytics. Organizations are able to recognize patterns and anticipate potential risks with an accuracy that has never been seen before, thanks to these technologies, which analyze vast datasets. By extracting valuable insights from unstructured data sources, natural language processing (NLP) and sentiment analysis broaden the scope of risk assessment with their respective capabilities. Blockchain technology improves both transparency and security, particularly in the realm of financial transactions, thereby lowering the likelihood of fraudulent activity. Cloud computing makes dynamic risk modeling easier to accomplish, which in turn makes it possible to simulate real-time scenarios. The cumulative effect of these innovations not only improves the efficiency of risk reduction, but it also helps organizations develop risk management frameworks that are more agile and resilient. When navigating the complexities of a risk landscape that is constantly shifting, it is essential to strike a balance between technological advancements, ethical considerations, and transparency. 2026 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. -
Economic Inequalities Amidst Social, Political, and Environmental Crises in BRICS Countries
This study investigates the complex interplay between economic inequalities and the intertwined social, political, and environmental crises within BRICS countries by empirically analyzing panel data from five nations to assess how women's income, political stability, and CO2 emissions influence wealth concentration among the top 10 percent, revealing through rigorous application of pooled OLS, random effects, and fixed effects models that environmental degradation measured by CO2 emissions is the sole significant and robust predictor positively associated with increased wealth disparity, while social and political variables show no statistically significant effects, thereby underscoring the urgent need for integrated policy frameworks in BRICS that prioritize sustainable environmental reforms alongside inclusive socio-political strategies to effectively mitigate growing economic inequalities and promote equitable and sustainable development in these rapidly evolving economies. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Economic impact of micro loans on the rural women through self help group-bank linkage programme(SBLP) /
Zenith International Journal Of Business Economics And Management Research, Vol.6, Issue 2, pp.98-112, ISSN: 2249-8826. -
Economic Growth, Human Resource Development, and Climate Resilience in BRICS A Panel Data Analysis
Present study employs panel data analysis on BRICS economies data spanning from 2000 to 2023, to examine the impact of human resource development, renewable energy consumption, and carbon emissions on GDP per capita of BRICS economies,finding that while human capital strongly drives growth, renewable energy has a positive but weaker effect, and carbon emissions remain tightly linked to GDP, underscoring the persistent reliance on carbon-intensive industries, ultimately highlighting the need for policy shifts toward sustainable growth through education, clean energy transitions, and regulatory frameworks that balance industrialization with climate resilience. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Economic Growth, Automation and Environmental Degradation: An Empirical Evidence from Asian Countries
In the era of Industry 4.0 the increase in population as a result of environmental erosion is the prime concern in the global scenario, Asia as the biggest continent is very much applied to it. In this context assessment of the interrelation relationship between automation, financial development, environmental degradation, and per capita growth of 12 Asian Countries from 1995 to 2022 using the panel ARDL model, in addition to assessing the cause-effect relationship panel causality test also incorporated. As a part of ARDL PMG estimation results demonstrated that capital formation, import automation machinery, urban population growth, and ecological footprint positively impact per capita in the long term. But in this phenomenon, aggregate industrial value added negatively impacts per capita, because of automation labor displacement. Results from the causality test suggest that economic upswing, and urban population growth two-way causal relationship. However, capital formation, value-added, and ecological footprint positively impacted per capita growth. Regarding policy formulation need to formulate the necessary skill development program so that individuals can cope with the new decade of automation, in addition, ecological footprint as an indicator of environmental degradation positively impacts per capita growth, so the government needs to make a strategy at the societal level toward sustainable ecofriendly behavior. 2024 IEEE. -
Economic growth and higher education in south asian countries: Evidence from econometrics
South Asian economies has witnessed very slow growth over the years and the gap has widened manifold between other nations of Asia particularly East Asian nations and South Asian nations. This paper examines co-integration between the economic growth and reach of higher education in South Asian nations explaining this disparity. The research employed an econometric panel co-integration investigation to analyse the long run relationship of higher education and economic growth among these nations. The research confirmed positive long run causality between the economic growth of the South Asian nations and gross enrolment ratio of higher education. So, if the South Asian nations continue with their existing pattern of paying less attention to higher education by allocating low share of investment on it, poor human capital formation would result in growing further economic disparity between developed and South Asian nations where rich nations would remain richer and poor nations would remain poor with the gap remaining unabridged. This research will serve as an aid to policy makers, educators and financers of South Asian nations to bridge the gap between high-and low-income nations. The focus on the quantum of spending on higher education by the government will help improve the reach of tertiary education and build economic prosperity in these nations. 2020, Sciedu Press. All rights reserved. -
Economic globalization and unemployment: Evidence from high-, middle- and low-income countries
This study intends to empirically evaluate the effects of economic globalization and its components (i.e. trade and financial openness) on unemployment in high-, middle- and low-income countries from 1991 to 2020. Further, it considers real GDP per capita (sectoral divisions of income, i.e. agriculture, industry and service sector) and urbanization as control variables in the unemployment function. On the empirical front, this study employs the Panel Dynamic Simulated ARDL model and the Kernel-Based Regularized Least Squares for long-run influence estimations. The emanating outcome of these analyses states that economic globalization destroys employment opportunities for low-income countries as it enhances unemployment in the long run. However, in high- and middle-income countries, economic globalization creates employment, which implies reducing unemployment in the long run. The result also indicates that trade and financial openness destroy employment opportunities in low-income countries. Although trade openness in middle-income countries shows the same effect, financial openness does not mimic the same. For high-income countries, trade openness reduces unemployment, but financial openness fosters it. Therefore, these findings indicate that to keep unemployment at a low level, policies related to the opening up of the economy in terms of factor mobility, offshoring, outsourcing and international trade need to be implemented in low-income countries. Moreover, a similar consideration is needed for high and middle-income countries to avoid faraway repercussions on unemployment due to becoming a peripheral country. 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Economic Burden and Productivity Loss of Employees with Lifestyle Diseases in Sedentary Occupations During Pandemic
Over the past few decades, the prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases or Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) have increased. There has been an increasing concern about these lifestyle diseases, with hypertension acting as the most prevalent lifestyle disease in the populace. It further exaggerates the issue as its prevalence increases exposure to other lifestyle diseases such as Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). With health being an important component of human capital, the presence of lifestyle diseases has an economic impact on the individual and the organisation. The presence of an illness reduces the productivity level delivered by the individual to work, resulting in productivity loss. Apart from impacting an employee's productivity, the prevalence of lifestyle diseases incurs a significant monetary expense in the form of healthcare required to manage them. This monetary expense is called an economic burden or out-of-pocket expenditure. On these grounds, the current study examines the economic burden and impact on the productivity of employees suffering from lifestyle diseases (Hypertension, Diabetes and CVD) working in sedentary occupations. With lifestyle diseases majorly influenced by the lifestyle patterns of an individual, employees working in a sedentary occupation are at greater exposure to lifestyle diseases and hence were selected as the target population. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 426 employees of sedentary occupations in the Delhi-NCR region. The economic burden has been measured as a sum of the direct and indirect costs of the diseases incurred in a year. Using the estimates of economic burden, Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure (CHE) was measured at different threshold levels. The study has also evaluated productivity loss through presenteeism and absenteeism approaches. An attempt was made to examine the relationship between the economic burden 7 and productivity loss through presenteeism and absenteeism approaches. The result of the study shows a significant share of the economic burden for lifestyle diseases and their comorbidities. CHE was highest at the 40% threshold level. The level of disparity in catastrophe among lower and high-income individuals was also highest at the 40% threshold level. Further statistical results show a high cost of absenteeism due to lifestyle diseases compared to presenteeism and found that economic burden has a strong positive relationship with absenteeism and presenteeism. Overall, the study concludes that lifestyle disease incurs a substantial economic burden and CHE for employees working in sedentary occupations. The estimate for the same increases if multiple lifestyle diseases are present. Further, the impact of catastrophe is more for low-income than high-income individuals due to the limited availability of resources to manage the health issue. Apart from causing monetary expense, the presence of lifestyle diseases also causes a high cost of absenteeism and presenteeism, increasing the economic cost of managing lifestyle diseases. -
Economic aspects of marine biopolymers
The usage of synthetic polymers such as plastic is a much-debated topic across the globe for a reason; it is not recyclable and harms the environment. However, todays consumers have shifted their preferences to eco-friendly products over harmful products. The biopolymers market globally accounted for about $13.7 billion in 2021, and by 2030, its projected to reach over $35.2 billion, growing at 11.07% [compound annual growth rate (CAGR)]. By 2026, the marine biotechnology sector will be worth $5 billion worldwide. Despite the manufacturing cost of marine biopolymers being higher than that of standard polymers, the market is growing faster because of its benefits across various industries and mainly for stakeholders. The biopolymer industry has evolved due to the depletion of petroleum reservoirs. Key players from countries such as the United States, Brazil, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, and Australia are in the biopolymers market. Different classes of marine biopolymers and their industrial applications prove the precious value of ocean resources to society. 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Economic and Urban Dynamics: Investigating Socioeconomic Status and Urban Density as Moderators of Mobile Wallet Adoption in Smart Cities
This research paper examines the complex correlation between socioeconomic factors, urban density, and the acceptance of mobile wallet technology in smart cities. The study investigates how socioeconomic status and urban density influence the adoption of mobile wallets. Smart cities have experienced a significant increase in the adoption of mobile payment solutions such as Apple Pay, and Google Pay, noted for their technological innovation and ability to enhance living standards. These digital payment platforms provide ease, security, and efficiency, revolutionizing how individuals engage in financial transactions and navigate urban environments. The study examines the many aspects that impact this phenomenon, focusing on the significance of comprehending how socioeconomic status and urban density influence the acceptance of mobile wallets. The study utilizes a meticulous research technique, which involves evaluating the reliability and validity of constructs, analyzing Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) ratios, conducting tests for discriminant validity, and doing variance inflation factor (VIF) analysis. These measures are taken to ensure the strength and reliability of the report's conclusions. The research's importance is further supported by model fit statistics and hypothesis testing conducted through bootstrapping. The results emphasize that the inclusion of mobile wallet functions, the legal framework, and the development of smart city infrastructure have a substantial influence on the acceptance of mobile wallets. However, the impact of urban density on mobile wallet adoption is more intricate and multifaceted. This study provides significant insights into the dynamic field of technology uptake in urban regions, with implications for politicians, entrepreneurs, and urban planners seeking to promote financial inclusion and technological integration in smart cities. 2024 IEEE. -
Economic and sustainable management of wastes from rice industry: combating the potential threats
Rice is one of the imperative staple foods, particularly in the developing countries. The exponential boom in human population has resulted in the continuous expansion in the rice industry in order to meet the food demands. The various stages of paddy processing release huge quantity of solid wastes, mainly rice husk, rice husk ash and liquid wastes in the form of rice industry wastewater. The discharge of the rice industry wastewater imparts a substantial threat to the aquatic bodies and the nearby surrounding and, thus, consequently demands eco-benign treatment plan. As a result, different strategies are needed to enhance the effluent quality and minimize the operational cost of the treatment process. Therefore, efficient technological approach targeting the minimization of pollution as well as assuring the economic prosperity should be implemented. In this review article, several aspects related to the rice industry discussing the significant challenges involved in the generation of both solid and liquid wastes, mitigation experiments and future prospects have been meticulously elaborated. Furthermore, the article also focuses on the various processes utilized for reducing the pollution load and promoting the practice of reuse and recycle of waste rather than the discharge action for the sake of sustainability and the emergence of novel techniques for the generation of energy and value-added products. 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany. -
Economic Analysis, Environmental Impact, Future Prospects and Mechanistic Understandings of Nanosensors and Nanocatalysis
It is crucial to understand the economic importance of sensors and catalysis. Economy always plays a major role in the field of nanotechnology. The ever-growing industrial revolution raises many concerns to understand the phenomena and to develop inexpensive devices for sensing applications. However, manufacturing such devices have caused a severe impact on environment. Thus, it is a requirement to understand the mechanistic aspects and also future prospects of nanosensors and catalysis to achieve sustainable technologies for the future. 2023 selection and editorial matter, Anitha Varghese and Gurumurthy Hegde; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Econometric investigation of sectoral contributions to remittance inflows in Kerala using the VECM framework
The sustained outmigration from Kerala has significantly contributed to the surge in remittance inflows, which have become a critical driver of the states economic advancement. As India maintains its position as the worlds largest recipient of remittances, Kerala remains one of the most prominent subnational beneficiaries. Although remittances have historically played a pivotal role in shaping Keralas developmental trajectory, there is a growing imperative to channel these financial inflows into productive investments across various sectors of the economy. Within this context, an undisturbed system analysis identifies agriculture, industry, and services as key sectors potentially influenced by remittance flows. The present study utilises the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) framework to investigate the sector-specific contributions to Keralas remittance-induced economic growth. This econometric approach facilitates an examination of both the long-term equilibrium relationships and short-term adjustments among the variables. The empirical findings highlight the differentiated impact of each sector, with particular emphasis on the significant role played by the agricultural and industrial sectors in attracting and sustaining remittance flows. The Author(s) 2026. -
Ecological contexts to environmental challenges: An overview of foundations and applications
Ecological contexts provide a critical framework for understanding the intricate relationships between living organisms and their environments. This encompasses a variety of foundational principles, from biodiversity and ecosystems to the dynamics of biogeochemical cycles. Understanding these contexts is essential to address pressing environmental challenges such as climate change, habitat loss, and pollution. By applying ecological concepts, researchers can analyze how species interactions, energy flow, and nutrient cycling contribute to ecosystem health and resilience. Moreover, ecological contexts offer valuable insights into sustainable practices and conservation strategies. Integrated approaches combining ecological knowledge with technological advancements can mitigate the effects of anthropogenic pressures. Therefore, an understanding of ecological contexts is vital for addressing contemporary environmental issues, fostering a balanced relationship between human activities and natural systems. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Ecological and Socioeconomic Triggers of Forest Fires in Uttara Kannada, India, and Their Impact on Biodiversity Conservation
This study studies the complex cause and consequence aspects of forest fire in the western ghats district of Uttara Kannada, Karnataka, India-a region particularly known for biodiversity. It singles out key factors influencing fire dynamics: natural or anthropogenic elements, such as lightning, droughts, and anthropogenic changes induced by socioeconomic change. Through field information and satellite image analysis, research shows how such climate change and increased human activities continue to fuel rising fire frequency and intensity, posing a threat to the ecological and biodiversity balance within the region. The study conclusion calls for collaborative forest management mechanisms that integrate grassroots practices with wider global conservation visions. This study puts forth actionable recommendations that improve the technique of fire management and prevention. These efforts seek to minimize ecological and economic damage brought about by forest fires. These efforts lead to better comprehension of the concept of ecosystem integrity and bring forward the relevance of preserving biodiversity against climatic and human challenges. 2025 The Author(s). -
Ecofriendly Approaches for Ameliorating the Adverse Effects of Cadmium in Plants by Regulating Physiological and Defense Responses: An Overview
Mitigating cadmium stress in agricultural plants becomes extremely critical in order to assure food sufficiency in the scenario of a rapidly growing population. An extensive review of environmentally friendly methods for reducing cadmium toxicity in plants is provided in this chapter, with special attention to a variety of tactics like phytohormones, polyamines, melatonin, mineral ions, nanoparticles, and transgenic techniques. Nanoparticles are capable of changing the distribution of cadmium, activating antioxidant defense mechanisms, and boosting physiological processes that are crucial for plant resilience and growth. Microorganisms greatly increase plant resistance to cadmium stress by modifying phytohormones and regulating defense-related proteins. Phytohormones can increase a plants adaptability to cadmium stress through a number of mechanisms, such as the regulation of gene expression and physiological processes. Melatonin and polyamines provide protection against oxidative stress and heavy metal toxicity, while mineral ions such as silicon, calcium, zinc, iron, and selenium increase plant resistance to cadmium, minimizing pollution-related harm. Transgenic plants that are tolerant to cadmium exhibit enhanced detoxification processes and reduced metal accumulation. These findings provide important insights for long-term plant cadmium mitigation and highlight the significance of interdisciplinary approaches in managing heavy metal stress in agricultural systems. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
EcoFlow choices: factors influencing sustainable menstrual hygiene product decisions
This study examines how knowledge and emotional response (affect) influence consumer buying behaviour toward eco-friendly menstrual hygiene products, with a particular focus on the mediating role of affect. A cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected via an online survey of 356 urban Indian women using purposive sampling. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with SPSS (v25) and AMOS (v24). The results reveal that both knowledge and affect significantly shape purchasing decisions. However, affect exerts a stronger influence than knowledge alone. Importantly, affect also mediates the relationship between knowledge and buying behaviour, underscoring the critical role of emotional engagement in promoting sustainable consumer choices. These findings suggest that marketing strategies should not only aim to inform consumers but also foster positive emotional connections with eco-friendly products. The study offers meaningful contributions to the field of green consumer behaviour and carries important implications for sustainability-driven marketing practices. It supports the goals of the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda, particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), by highlighting how promoting eco-friendly menstrual hygiene products can reduce environmental impact and support womens health. This research provides insightful implications for policymakers, marketers, and sustainability advocates to guide sustainable consumption behaviour among people. 2026 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.