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Natural processing language: Business strategy in marketing intelligence
Customer Perception (CP) plays a crucial role for linking business strategy to success, with companies using multichannel data like social media and surveys to gather valuable unstructured information. Accurate analysis of this data uncovers purchasing trends, product flaws, and customer interests, thus guiding product improvements and marketing strategies. This chapter highlights the importance of prioritizing pricing and product usefulness over aesthetic appeal in catalogues by understanding consumer behaviour, and leveraging multichannel marketing for global reach and cost-effectiveness. This chapter explores how Deep Learning and NLP technologies enhance data analysis, customer feedback capture, and marketing strategies along with emphasizing ethical considerations. It aims to provide insights into developing competitive, intelligent marketing strategies (IMS) focussing on CRM, ultimately guiding companies to navigate the evolving marketing landscape effectively. 2025 Kankhita Mukherjee, Sriram Ananthan, Raghunandan G. and Thirupathi Manickam. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved. -
Natural template-assisted green synthesis of cobalt oxide and its surface functionalization using ?-alanine for biological applications
The incorporation of nanotechnology into material science has brought great advancements in diverse fields like medicine, electronics, energy, and the environment. Metal oxides gained notable attention from various nanomaterials due to their unique structure and properties. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4) stand out especially due to their diverse properties and applications. Synthesis of metal oxides through the traditional method faces many drawbacks, such as the use of toxic chemicals, a complex procedure, and environmental and health impacts. Whereas the green method of synthesis using natural resources, followed by surface modification with amino acids, acts as a better option for metal oxide synthesis. This paper focuses on developing a green, sustainable, and scalable method for synthesising Co3O4 nanoparticles, using a natural template, gum Arabic, followed by surface functionalization of ?-alanine. Various physico-chemical characterisation techniques such as DLS, TEM, FTIR and XRD were used to study nanoparticle composition and properties. Biocompatibility studies, cell viability assays and fibroblast cell lines from human skin by Alamar Blue assay, were carried out to test the effects of synthesised nanoparticles, and optimised protocols were also used to enhance performance for particular biomedical applications. Incorporating green synthesis and advanced techniques, ?-alanine functionalized Co3O4 nanoparticles, this research points toward developing more stable, biocompatible, and reactive nanoparticles under biological conditions. and multifunctional Co3O4 nanomaterials. Overall, the current study aims at sustainability with innovation towards transformative various biological applications in healthcare, biomedicine, diagnostics, MRI, biosensors, photo-sensing agents and energy technologies while addressing significant gaps in present methodologies. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Nature inspired algorithm approach for the development of an energy aware model for sensor network
The unique and strong characteristics of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have paved a way to many real time applications. Nevertheless, the WSN has their own set of challenges likewise data redundancy, resource constraints, security, packet errors and variable-link capacity etc. Among all, management of energy resource is of high importance as the efficient energy mechanism increases the lifespan of the network. Thereby providing good Quality of Service (QoS) demanded by the application. In WSN even though the energy is required for data acquisition (sensing), processing and communication, more energy are consumed during communication where transmission and retransmission of packets are quite often. In WSN data is transmitted from source to destination where at the destination site the data are analyzed using appropriate data mining techniques to convert data into useful information, and knowledge is extracted from that information to aid the user in efficient decision making. The transmission of data can be either through a single hop or via multiple hops. In single hop, a node is just a router where as in multi hop the node acts as both data originator and router. Thus, consuming more amount of energy and in a multi hop if any of the nodes fails it leads to many large retransmissions thus making a system highly susceptible for energy consumption. Many researchers have dedicated and devoted their time, energy and resources in order to come up with better solutions to answer this problem. This chapter is one such effort to provide a better solution to reduce the energy consumption of sensors. Here, the beauty of DBSCAN clustering technique has been fully exploited in order to develop a spatiotemporal relational model of sensor nodes, followed by the selection of representative subset using measure trend strategy and finally meeting the criteria for identifying the best optimal path for transmission of data using few nature inspired algorithms like Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Bees Colony Optimization (BCO), and Simulated Annealing (SA). 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. -
Nature metaphors in Kalyanikutty Ammas Mohiniyattam body aesthetics
Mohiniyattam is a classical dance tradition from the state of Kerala in India, which is bestowed with a feminine identity. Scholars have theorised this feminine identity as self-enforced, constructed and regional. Unique to Mohiniyattam is the inherent relationship with nature. Nature association can be observed in the tradition of Kalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma, one of the revivalists of Mohiniyattam. This paper will closely read the dance manual Mohiniyattam: Charithravum Aattaprakaaravum by Kalyanikutty Amma, focussing on Ammas use of nature metaphor for body movement. Dance theorist Sondra Fraleighs ideation of the lived and poetic body will be used to understand the experience and expression of nature as a movement quality. Further, Kavya Krishnas theorisation of gender performativity in Mohiniyattam and the discussions on regionality and naturality in movement will bring into effect an ecofeminist reading of Ammas dance aesthetics. This paper will also examine the metaphorical nomenclature that constructs nature as a feminine quality in the body movements and aesthetics of Mohiniyattam. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Nature metaphors in Kalyanikutty Ammas Mohiniyattam body aesthetics
Mohiniyattam is a classical dance tradition from the state of Kerala in India, which is bestowed with a feminine identity. Scholars have theorised this feminine identity as self-enforced, constructed and regional. Unique to Mohiniyattam is the inherent relationship with nature. Nature association can be observed in the tradition of Kalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma, one of the revivalists of Mohiniyattam. This paper will closely read the dance manual Mohiniyattam: Charithravum Aattaprakaaravum by Kalyanikutty Amma, focussing on Ammas use of nature metaphor for body movement. Dance theorist Sondra Fraleighs ideation of the lived and poetic body will be used to understand the experience and expression of nature as a movement quality. Further, Kavya Krishnas theorisation of gender performativity in Mohiniyattam and the discussions on regionality and naturality in movement will bring into effect an ecofeminist reading of Ammas dance aesthetics. This paper will also examine the metaphorical nomenclature that constructs nature as a feminine quality in the body movements and aesthetics of Mohiniyattam. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Nature of music engagement and its relation to resilient coping, optimism and fear of COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented lockdowns, a work from home culture, social distancing and other measures which badly affected the world populace.Individuals over the globe reported experiencing several psychosocial and psychosomatic problems.Nevertheless, this pandemic allowed us to be with ourselves, to understand the importance of healthy lifestyles and to devote time to our passions and hobbies when we were socially isolated.Against this background, the present study was undertaken to explore the nature of peoples everyday musical engagement and to examine how the experience and functions of music were related to resilient coping, life orientation and fear from COVID-19.In an online survey, a total of 197 participants responded to a questionnaire designed to assess the nature of musical engagement (level of musical training, functional niche of music, listening habits and involvement in musical activities), functions of music (FMS), resilient coping (BRCS), life orientation (LOT-R), and fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S).Results indicate that for most of the respondents, music listening was a preferred activity during the pandemic which resulted in positive effects on their mood, heart rate and respiratory rates.More than 80 per cent of respondents reported music as a source of pleasure and enjoyment and claimed that it helped to calm them, release their stress, and help them relax.Significant positive correlations were found between the functions of music (memory-based and mood-based), optimism and resilient coping and mood-based functions of music and optimism were found to predict resilient coping among individuals.These results suggest that meaningful and active music engagement may lead to optimism which may result in effective resilient coping during the crisis.Moreover, reflecting upon our everyday musical engagements can promote music as a coping skill. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Asma Parveen and Rajesh Verma; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Nature-inspired ?-MnMoO4nanocubes from Arachis hypogaea for next-generation wastewater treatment and organic pollutant catalysis
In this study, bimetallic ?-MnMoO4 nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a one-step solution combustion method using Arachis hypogaea (peanut) seed powder as a green fuel. This eco-friendly route was adopted to explore the adsorption, photocatalytic, and catalytic properties of the resulting NPs. The structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of ?-MnMoO4 NPs were systematically characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV-vis, and PL spectroscopy, SEM, and EDX techniques. Notably, ?-MnMoO4 NPs demonstrated excellent adsorption capability toward methylene blue (MB) dye, achieving a removal efficiency of 86.70%, which was primarily attributed to their negatively charged surface. Moreover, the nanoparticles demonstrated a remarkable photocatalytic activity, achieving 81.55% degradation of MB through the photo-oxidation of water into hydroxyl (?H) radicals by photogenerated holes. Beyond dye remediation, the study further explored the catalytic capabilities of o-phenylenediamine via oxidative condensation with substituted aromatic aldehydes to synthesize benzimidazole derivatives, achieving yields ranging from 35% to 85%, depending on the substituents used. This integrated approach highlights the potential of ?-MnMoO4 NPs not only in pollutant removal but also in facilitating the green synthesis of high-value chemical products, demonstrating promising applications in environmental remediation and fine chemical industries. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026 -
Nature-inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms: Solving Real World Engineering Problems
This comprehensive text provides practical guidance for implementing nature-inspired algorithms and metaheuristics in real-life scenarios to solve complex optimization problems. It further demonstrates how nature inspired metaheuristic algorithms have the potential to contribute to multiple United Nations sustainable development goals such as climate action, clean energy, and sustainable cities. This book: Discusses load balancing and demand response using nature-inspired optimization techniques Presents energy-efficient routing and scheduling, energy management, and optimization using metaheuristic algorithms Covers disease diagnosis, and prognosis using metaheuristic algorithms, drug discovery, and development using nature-inspired optimization techniques Explains waste reduction and recycling, image processing, and computer vision using nature-inspired optimization techniques Illustrates medical image analysis and segmentation using Ant Colony optimization, and Particle Swarm optimization techniques Nature-inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering, and information technology. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Sulabh Bansal, Aprna Tripathi, Shilpa Srivastava and Prem Prakash Vuppuluri; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Nature-Inspired Photoresponsive Bionic Robots Using the TelluriumMoS2Graphene Hybrid Structure
Motivated by biological natural living things, multifunctional soft robots have become an exciting system that can navigate by overcoming difficult situations. Photothermal self-excited actuators offer potential for self-driven soft robotics since they provide wireless power and control. However, it remains challenging to achieve photoresponsive actuation, which can serve as basic component in soft-bioelectronics. Tellurium (Te)-based nanostructures can be a promising candidate and offer greater infrared-photoresponsive properties. Therefore, in this work, we have systematically studied the effect of Te nanoparticles on the two-dimensional hybrid structure for advanced photoresponsive actuation under near-infrared (NIR) light exposure, which reaches ?85 C within ?5 s. This approach substantially improves the photothermal behavior including thermal conversion (? ? 12.7%), large bending (?5.74 cm1), and fast response (?250 ms), by increasing the internal temperature of the system. Leveraging this strategy, we have developed soft bionic Dragonfly, and it demonstrates multiple performances including controllable bending and wing movement at a maximum speed. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation and in situ Raman spectroscopy measurement reveal the photoactuation behavior of the system. This research proposes new idea of hybrid structure and exhibits substantial photothermal conversion efficiency with significant deformation for soft bionic applications. 2026 American Chemical Society -
Nature's Lament: A Comparative Psychoanalytical Reading of Childhood Trauma in Select War Narratives
Sustainable Development has become an inevitable need of the hour. This paper problematizes the trauma of children as represented in the narratives, Beasts of No Nation by Uzodinma Iweala and A Long Way Gone by Ishmael Beah. The incomprehensibility of trauma, it's varied representation in fiction, dissociation of child psyche, and its detrimental effect on children is substantiated using psychoanalytic theory of trauma proposed by Cathy Caruth and contemporary trauma theorists. The paper argues the atrocities children are forced to be involved into, causes profound trauma in themselves leading to, encumbering of sustainable developmental goals. A comparative study of interpretive textual analysis is employed to study the havoc the society endears as a result of war, that wrecks the child, hindering the overall sustainable development. As it voices out the voiceless trauma of children the paper also aims in divulging the decisive influence of the select literary narratives in sensitizing the society in achieving societal as well as environmental sustainability. The Electrochemical Society -
Nautical tigers: Contributions of cholas to India's maritime tradition
India is known for its rich maritime tradition and heritage. Contributions of kingdoms of peninsular India - Sathavahanas, Chalukyas, Cholas, Pandyas, Pallavas, Cheras - are notable in this regard. Of all the kingdoms, Cholas stood out in their maritime ventures into Southeast Asia and Indian Ocean regions. They not only maintained strong and sophisticated navy (dubbed as "Chola Armada") but also developed ports like Mamallapuram, Kaveripattinam, Korkai, Nagappattinam, Periyapattinam, Devipattinam, Machilipatnam, Thoothukudi, Poompuhar and Arikamedu along the Coromandel coast. Cholas followed what can be called the "Watch East Policy" to mainly safeguard their trade/commercial interests. But the story is not that simple. Rajendra Chola-I went on to occupy Malaysia (then called Kadaram) and assumed the title Kadaram Kondan (one who captured Kadaram) to control the Malacca Straits. He also acquired Java and Sumatra by defeating Sailendra rulers during his digvijaya. As a result, the Bay of Bengal was once called "Chola Lake," Such expeditions not only secured trading rights of Tamil merchant guilds in the region but also brought enormous riches to the then-Chola empire. The amalgamation of projection of military power with underlying commercial interests reverberated later during the European colonization of the region and holds true even today. No wonder, various adages like "Imperial Cholas" and "Barbarians of the Southern Sea" are used in the historical literature to describe Cholas' maritime expansion during the 10th and 11th centuries. Peeking at the Cholas' maritime prowls in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean region raises many questions: What was the larger context of Chola's maritime expedition? What were the motives behind? Were they purely commercial or were there cultural, political and military undercurrents? Seen from the current perspective, are there any parallels to maritime tussles among big powers in the region then and now?. 2025 Adluri Subramanyam Raju and R. Srinivasan. All rights reserved. -
Navigating AI and chatbot applications in education and research: a holistic approach
Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors influencing AI/chatbot usage in education and research, and to evaluate the extent of the impact of these factors. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative methods. It is based on both primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected through an online survey. In total, 177 responses from teachers were included in this study. The collected data were analyzed using a statistical package for the social sciences. Findings: The study revealed that the significant factors influencing the perception of the academic and research community toward the adoption of AI/interactive tools, such as Chatbots/ChatGpt for education and research, are challenges, benefits, awareness, opportunities, risks, sustainability and ethical considerations. Practical implications: This study highlighted the importance of resolving challenges and enhancing awareness and benefits while carefully mitigating risks and ethical concerns in the integration of technology within the educational and research environment. These insights can assist policymakers in making decisions and developing strategies for the efficient adoption of AI/interactive tools in academia and research to enhance the overall quality of learning experiences. Originality/value: The present study adds value to the existing literature on AI/interactive tool adoption in academia and research by offering a quantitative analysis of the factors impacting teachers' perception of the usage of such tools. Furthermore, it also indirectly helps achieve various UNSDGs, such as 4, 9, 10 and 17. 2024, Abhishek N., Sonal Devesh, Ashoka M.L., Neethu Suraj, Parameshwara Acharya and Divyashree M.S. -
Navigating brand equity in personal care: Examining the influence of direct-to-consumer brands and the mediating power of brand image
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered consumers to buy products online, leading t o unprecedented and unforeseen growth in the e-commerce sector. Therefore, the revolution made by Direct-to-consumer (DTC) brands went unnoticed. Unlike the conventional approach, which took years to build brand trust and equity, the DTC business model allows companies to grow exponentially with their presence in personal care online marketplaces. Therefore, the rise of DTC brands empowers small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and micro small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India, mainly because the return on ad spend (ROAS) for these brands is a huge problem when compared to giant companies. Also, branding in tier 2 and tier 3 markets has triggered new hurdles as consumers need to build brand trust to pay or transact online. The present research examines how a DTC website and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) can enhance the effectiveness of branding for direct-to-consumer brands. The study employed a quantitative methodology by analyzing the survey-based research design, with 389 respondents who were aware of and/or used DTC personal care brands in India participating. The present studys findings demonstrate that website attractiveness and electronic word-of-mouth enhance DTC brands and minimize costs developed to advertise a product, increasing ROAS. Further research studies would broaden DTC brands' knowledge by investigating the impact of e-commerce and social media channels on enhancing consumers' brand equity or purchase intention. 2024 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved. -
Navigating Brand Hate Research: Deciphering Enablers and Emanating Potential Implications
In todays world, consumers possess a unique power, i.e., the power to praise, to critique, or even to reject a brand. At the zenith of challenges stands an issue known as Brand Hate which is a negative set of perceptions consumers develop towards a brand or product etc. Unlike simple dissatisfaction, brand hate stems from frustration, ethical objections and betrayal, with reactions from boycotting to even running anti-brand campaigns online. Social media amplified these feelings of frustration and can spread to more people, greatly affecting the reputation of the brand. The roots of brand hate vary, for some, it begins with a disappointing product experience; while for others, it is the result of unethical steps takenby the company. Whether it's an issue with the quality or a failure of the brand to meet the expectations of the consumers, regardless of the case the consequences are severe. Our study aims to explore the complexity in these variables leading to brand addiction and provide dependence and driving power of these factors and provide recommendations for the same. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Navigating Digital Transformation: The Role of Technology in HRM Efficiency and Effectiveness
Technology has grown increasingly common in contemporary workplaces, helping to improve the efficiency and efficacy of Human Resource Management (HRM) processes. The purpose of this research is to investigate the ever-changing role of technology in HRM, especially its impact on organizational efficiency and effectiveness. The goal of this study is to look at the usage of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation in human resources (HR) activities in order to identify the possible advantages and obstacles of incorporating technology. Furthermore, the goal is to identify the best techniques for using technology to improve HR operations and decision-making processes. The goal of this research is to highlight the importance of HR analytics in allowing data-driven decision-making and improving organizational performance by a thorough examination of current literature and empirical data. Furthermore, this study investigates the practical implications and empirical examples of technology integration in the field of HRM, focusing on its influence on both organizational success and employee engagement. To leverage the benefits of technology-driven HRM practices, the passage highlights the need of aligning HR strategy with organizational goals and cultivating a data-driven culture. This study adds to the current literature by giving valuable insights into the changing environment of HRM in the digital age. It also advises professionals and academics on how to utilize technology most effectively in order to achieve organizational success. 2025 by Dr Sofia Khan and Dr Kartikeya Singh. All rights reserved. -
Navigating Financial Decisions: A Review on the Impact of Spousal Loss on Widows during Uncertainties
Emotional setbacks and theloss of identity are commonly seen as the primary outcomes of spousal loss for widows. However, are these the only factors that impact widows in their new phase of life? Certainly not; many other invisible factors may hinder the livelihood of a widow and their surviving family during the phase of bereavement. This study aims to address one such important factor by analysing various literature available in related areas, specifically focusing on the financial aspects of widowhood, which cannot be avoided by the surviving family even prior to, during, and the later stage of bereavement. An integrated review method is adopted to support the aim of the study. Four major themes have emerged from the review, reflecting significant dimensions of finance. Each theme isfound to be interrelated with others, highlighting the challenges faced, decisions made, and outcomes experienced by the widows during widowhood. A conceptual model has been developed depicting the factors that influence the financial behaviour of widows. The findings of this study emphasise the need for future research to explore widows financial dimensions during the widowhood phase in underdeveloped and developing nations where deprivation is alarming. The implications can lead women to participate actively in household decisions to resist financial adversities during lifes uncertainties. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Navigating Financial Waters: Exploring the Intersection of Algorithmic Trading and Market Liquidity Dynamics
Algorithmic trading has ushered paradigm shift in trading. The market regulators although welcome this new technological advancement but are still keeping a tight leash. This can be owing to the contradicting and inconclusive evidence of its implications and impact on market microstructure. This study focuses on liquidity which is an integral part of a thriving stock market. We aim to examine if there is a statistical significance between volume of algorithmic orders and market capitalization. The liquidity provision is measured using Amihuds Illiquidity measure which is a proxy for measuring illiquidity. The liquidity measure is examined for chosen 8 stocks based on their market capitalization. The volume of algorithmic orders is examined using the Limit Order Book (LOB) data obtained from the BSE and orders for 23 trading days have been considered. We observe that large capitalization stocks display higher liquidity and algorithmic traders are able to contribute significantly to liquidity when compared to non-algorithmic traders. It was also looked at if there was a big difference in the amount of algorithmic trading done on stocks with big and small capitalization. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Navigating Financial Waters: Exploring the Intersection of Algorithmic Trading and Market Liquidity Dynamics
Algorithmic trading has ushered paradigm shift in trading. The market regulators although welcome this new technological advancement but are still keeping a tight leash. This can be owing to the contradicting and inconclusive evidence of its implications and impact on market microstructure. This study focuses on liquidity which is an integral part of a thriving stock market. We aim to examine if there is a statistical significance between volume of algorithmic orders and market capitalization. The liquidity provision is measured using Amihuds Illiquidity measure which is a proxy for measuring illiquidity. The liquidity measure is examined for chosen 8 stocks based on their market capitalization. The volume of algorithmic orders is examined using the Limit Order Book (LOB) data obtained from the BSE and orders for 23 trading days have been considered. We observe that large capitalization stocks display higher liquidity and algorithmic traders are able to contribute significantly to liquidity when compared to non-algorithmic traders. It was also looked at if there was a big difference in the amount of algorithmic trading done on stocks with big and small capitalization. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
NAVIGATING FOR PEACE IN THE CONUNDRUMS OF RELIGION AND LAW
It is a critical question whether unrestricted freedom of religion is detrimental to the development of peace. Recently the religious dictate of wearing a hijab has come in conflict with the prescription of uniforms at educational institutions. This led to large-scale violence and unrest in society. It raised concerns about the scope of the right to freedom of expression, protection of religious expression, the overarching requirement of a need for public order, and reasonable accommodation of diversity in society. This research explores these issues in the context of educational institutions by critically analysing the laws and operative principles and the role of law and religion in promoting social cohesion and integrity. It addresses the counterarguments of reasonable accommodation and argues that the concept of reasonable accommodation fails to address deep-rooted structural inequalities, and in an education setup prescription of uniforms is justified as it portrays higher values of equality, development, and peace. 2022 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore),. -
Navigating GDPR compliance: Transforming digital marketing in a privacy-first world
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), implemented by the European Union (EU), safeguards the personal data and privacy of individuals, granting them greater control over how their information is used and stored. This legislation mandates businesses to maintain transparency and responsibility in handling personal data, ensuring enhanced privacy and security for users. GDPR has significantly transformed the landscape of digital marketing by redefining data collection and usage practices. It necessitates that marketers adopt clear and transparent methods to respect user rights, fostering trust and compliance. Moreover, GDPR aims to prevent digital fraud and manipulation, particularly on E-commerce platforms, by reinforcing stringent data protection measures. As a result, GDPR not only strengthens individual privacy but also compels businesses to adopt ethical data practices, shaping a privacy-first approach to digital marketing. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.